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We show that compact complex manifolds of algebraic dimension zero bearing a holomorphic Cartan geometry of algebraic type have infinite fundamental group. This generalizes the main Theorem in [DM] where the same result was proved for the special cases of holomorphic affine connections and holomorphic conformal structures., Comment: v3 is the final version published in EPIGA

Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus $g\geq 0$, and let ${\rm Sym}^d(X)$, $d \ge 1$, denote the $d$-fold symmetric product of $X$. We show that ${\rm Sym}^d(X)$ admits a Hermitian metric with negative Chern scalar curvature if and only if $g \geq 2$, and positive Chern scalar curvature if and only if $d > g$., Comment: Final version

A constructive method for decomposing finite dimensional representations of semisimple real Lie algebras is developed. The method is illustrated by an example. We also discuss an implementation of the algorithm in the language of the computer algebra system {\sf GAP}4., Comment: Final version; to appear in "Journal of Symbolic Computation"

When a complex semisimple group $G$ acts holomorphically on a K\"ahler manifold $(X,\omega)$ such that a maximal compact subgroup $K\subset G$ preserves the symplectic form $\omega$, a basic result of symplectic geometry says that the corresponding categorical quotient $X/G$ can be identified with quotient of the zero-set of the moment map by the action of $K$. We extend this to the context of a semisimple group acting on a Sasakian manifold., Comment: To appear in Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences - Mathematical Sciences

Let $X$ be an irreducible smooth projective curve, defined over an algebraically closed field $k$, of genus at least three and $L$ a line bundle on $X$. Let ${\mathcal M}_X(r,L)$ be the moduli space of stable vector bundles on $X$ of rank $r$ and determinant $L$ with $r\geq 2$. We prove that the Brauer group ${\rm Br}(\mathcal{M}_X(r,L))$ is cyclic of order ${\rm g.c.d.}(r,{\rm degree}(L))$. We also prove that ${\rm Br}(\mathcal{M}_X(r,L))$ is generated by the class of the projective bundle obtained by restricting the universal projective bundle. These results were proved earlier in \cite{BBGN} under the assumption that $k=\mathbb C$., Comment: Final version

We prove that compact complex manifolds bearing a holomorphic Riemannian metric have infinite fundamental group., Comment: Final version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1602.04677

Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective curve, and let $E$ be a vector bundle on $X$ which is not semistable. For a suitably chosen integer $r$, let $\text{Gr}(E)$ be the Grassmann bundle over $X$ that parametrizes the quotients of the fibers of $E$ of dimension $r$. Assuming some numerical conditions on the Harder-Narasimhan filtration of $E$, we study Seshadri constants of ample line bundles on $\text{Gr}(E)$. In many cases, we give the precise value of Seshadri constant. Our results generalize various known results for ${\rm rank}(E)=2$., Comment: Final version; Annales Inst. Fourier (to appear)

Earlier we introduced and studied the concept of holomorphic {\it branched Cartan geometry}. We define here a foliated version of this notion; this is done in terms of Atiyah bundle. We show that any complex compact manifold of algebraic dimension $d$ admits, away from a closed analytic subset of positive codimension, a nonsingular holomorphic foliation of complex codimension $d$ endowed with a transversely flat branched complex projective geometry (equivalently, a ${\mathbb C}P^d$-geometry). We also prove that transversely branched holomorphic Cartan geometries on compact complex projective rationally connected varieties and on compact simply connected Calabi-Yau manifolds are always flat (consequently, they are defined by holomorphic maps into homogeneous spaces).

In this article, we establish a Hitchin-Kobayashi type correspondence for generalised Seiberg-Witten monopole equations on Kahler surfaces. We show that the "stability" criterion we obtain, for the existence of solutions, coincides with that of the usual Seiberg-Witten monopole equations. This enables us to construct a map from the moduli space of solutions to the generalised equations to effective divisors., Comment: 14 pages, minor corrections. To appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics

We show that the structure of proper holomorphic maps between the $n$-fold symmetric products, $n\geq 2$, of a pair of non-compact Riemann surfaces $X$ and $Y$, provided these are reasonably nice, is very rigid. Specifically, any such map is determined by a proper holomorphic map of $X$ onto $Y$. This extends existing results concerning bounded planar domains, and is a non-compact analogue of a phenomenon observed in symmetric products of compact Riemann surfaces. Along the way, we also provide a condition for the complete hyperbolicity of all $n$-fold symmetric products of a non-compact Riemann surface., Comment: 16 pages; added the word "Stein", which was inadvertently omitted from Result 3.6 in v1; corrected some typos; final version to appear in Documenta Math

We study the holomorphic sections of the Deligne-Hitchin moduli space of a compact Riemann surface that are invariant under the natural anti-holomorphic involutions of the moduli space. Their relationships with the harmonic maps are established. As a bi-product, a question of Simpson on such sections, posed in \cite{Si2}, is answered., Comment: Final version; to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics

Let $X$ be a smooth complex projective curve, and let $x\in X$ be a point. We compute the automorphism group of the moduli space of framed vector bundles on $X$ of rank $r \geq 2$ with a framing over $x$. It is shown that this automorphism group is generated by the following three: (1) pullbacks using automorphisms of the curve $X$ that fix the marked point $x$, (2) tensorization with certain line bundles over $X$ and (3) the action of $\operatorname{PGL}_r(\mathbb{C})$ through composition with the framing., Comment: 33 pages

Let $M$ be a quasi-regular compact connected Sasakian manifold, and let $N = M/S^1$ be the base projective variety. We establish an equivalence between the class of Sasakian $G$-Higgs bundles over $M$ and the class of parabolic (or equivalently, ramified) $G$-Higgs bundles over the base $N$., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0806.1308

Given a compact Riemann surface $X$ and a moduli space $M_{\alpha}(\Lambda)$ of parabolic stable bundles on it of fixed determinant of complete parabolic flags, we prove that the Poincar\'e parabolic bundle on $X\times M_{\alpha}(\Lambda)$ is parabolic stable with respect to a natural polarization on $X\times M_{\alpha}(\Lambda)$., Comment: To appear in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics

A vector bundle E on a projective variety X is called finite if it satisfies a nontrivial polynomial equation with integral coefficients. A theorem of Nori implies that E is finite if and only if the pullback of E to some finite etale Galois covering of X is trivial. We prove the same statement when X is a compact complex manifold admitting a Gauduchon astheno-Kahler metric.

In [DM] it was asked whether all flat holomorphic Cartan geometries (G,H) on a complex torus are translation invariant. We answer this affimatively under the assumption that the complex Lie group G is affine. More precisely, we show that every holomorphic Cartan geometry of type (G,H), with G a complex affine Lie group, on any complex torus is translation invariant., Comment: Minor corrections

We introduce a notion of admissible Hermitian metrics on parabolic bundles and define positivity properties for the same. We develop Chern-Weil theory for parabolic bundles and prove that our metric notions coincide with the already existing algebro-geometric versions of parabolic Chern classes. We also formulate a Griffiths conjecture in the parabolic setting and prove some results that provide evidence in its favour for certain kinds of parabolic bundles. For these kinds of parabolic structures, we prove that the conjecture holds on Riemann surfaces. We also prove that a Berndtsson-type result holds, and that there are metrics on stable bundles over surfaces whose Schur forms are positive., Comment: 26 pages. Generalised some results. To appear in IMRN

We investigate the flat holomorphic vector bundles over compact complex parallelizable manifolds $G / \Gamma$, where $G$ is a complex connected Lie group and $\Gamma$ is a cocompact lattice in it. The main result proved here is a structure theorem for flat holomorphic vector bundles $E_\rho$ associated to any irreducible representation $\rho : \Gamma \rightarrow \text{GL}(r,{\mathbb C})$. More precisely, we prove that $E_{\rho}$ is holomorphically isomorphic to a vector bundle of the form $E^{\oplus n}$, where $E$ is a stable vector bundle. All the rational Chern classes of $E$ vanish, in particular, its degree is zero. We deduce a stability result for flat holomorphic vector bundles $E_{\rho}$ of rank 2 over $G/ \Gamma$. If an irreducible representation $\rho : \Gamma\rightarrow \text{GL}(2, \mathbb {C})$ satisfies the conditionmthat the induced homomorphism $\Gamma\rightarrow {\rm PGL}(2, {\mathbb C})$ does not extend to a homomorphism from $G$, then $E_{\rho}$ is proved to be stable., Comment: Comptes Rendus Math\'ematique (to appear)

Given a real hyperelliptic algebraic curve $X$ with non-empty real part and a real effective divisor $\mc{D}$ arising via pullback from $\mathbb{P}^1$ under the hyperelliptic structure map, we study the real inflection points of the associated complete real linear series $|\mc{D}|$ on $X$. To do so we use Viro's patchworking of real plane curves, recast in the context of some Berkovich spaces studied by M. Jonsson. Our method gives a simpler and more explicit alternative to limit linear series on metrized complexes of curves, as developed by O. Amini and M. Baker, for curves embedded in toric surfaces., Comment: v.2: improved exposition following the referee's suggestions, and included a new result (Thm 6.1) giving a more refined construction of real inflection on complete series on hyperelliptic curves that includes non-maximal cases. To appear in Transactions of the AMS

Given a holomorphic principal bundle $Q\, \longrightarrow\, X$, the universal space of holomorphic connections is a torsor $C_1(Q)$ for $\text{ad} Q \otimes T^*X$ such that the pullback of $Q$ to $C_1(Q)$ has a tautological holomorphic connection. When $X\,=\, G/P$, where $P$ is a parabolic subgroup of a complex simple group $G$, and $Q$ is the frame bundle of an ample line bundle, we show that $C_1(Q)$ may be identified with $G/L$, where $L\, \subset\, P$ is a Levi factor. We use this identification to construct the twistor space associated to a natural hyper-K\"ahler metric on $T^*(G/P)$, recovering Biquard's description of this twistor space, but employing only finite-dimensional, Lie-theoretic means., Comment: 31 pages

Let $E_G$ be a $\Gamma$--equivariant algebraic principal $G$--bundle over a normal complex affine variety $X$ equipped with an action of $\Gamma$, where $G$ and $\Gamma$ are complex linear algebraic groups. Suppose $X$ is contractible as a topological $\Gamma$--space with a dense orbit, and $x_0 \in X$ is a $\Gamma$--fixed point. We show that if $\Gamma$ is reductive, then $E_G$ admits a $\Gamma$--equivariant isomorphism with the product principal $G$--bundle $X \times_{\rho} E_G(x_0)$, where $\rho\,:\, \Gamma \, \longrightarrow\, G$ is a homomorphism between algebraic groups. As a consequence, any torus equivariant principal $G$-bundle over an affine toric variety is equivariantly trivial. This leads to a classification of torus equivariant principal $G$-bundles over any complex toric variety., Comment: References added. To appear in the International Journal of Mathematics

Given a complex manifold $M$ equipped with a holomorphic action of a connected complex Lie group $G$, and a holomorphic principal $H$--bundle $E_H$ over $X$ equipped with a $G$--connection $h$, we investigate the connections on the principal $H$--bundle $E_H$ that are (strongly) adapted to $h$. Examples are provided by holomorphic principal $H$--bundles equipped with a flat partial connection over a foliated manifold., Comment: Final version

Given a compact Riemann surface $X$ and a complex reductive Lie group $G$ equipped with real structures, we define antiholomorphic involutions on the moduli space of $G$-Higgs bundles over $X$. We investigate how the various components of the fixed point locus match up, as one passes from $G$ to its Langlands dual $^LG$. Special attention is given to the case $G=SL(2,\C)$ and $^LG=PGL(2,\C)$., Comment: Final version

Given an oriented surface of positive genus with finitely many punctures, we classify the finite orbits of the mapping class group action on the moduli space of semisimple complex special linear two dimensional representations of the fundamental group of the surface. For surfaces of genus at least two, such orbits correspond to homomorphisms with finite image. For genus one, they correspond to the finite or special dihedral representations. We also obtain an analogous result for bounded orbits in the moduli space., Comment: 30 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Geometry & Topology

Given a variety $X$, and a normal crossings divisor $D\subset X$, we relate, in the case of abelian monodromy, the following two: 1. existence of a $G$-torsor with prescribed ramification, and 2. existence of essentially finite parabolic vector bundles with prescribed weights., Comment: Final version; to appear in Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa

We introduce the concept of a branched holomorphic Cartan geometry. It generalizes to higher dimension the definition of branched (flat) complex projective structure on a Riemann surface introduced by Mandelbaum. This new framework is much more flexible than that of the usual holomorphic Cartan geometries. We show that all compact complex projective manifolds admit branched flat holomorphic projective structure. We also give an example of a non-flat branched holomorphic normal projective structure on a compact complex surface. It is known that no compact complex surface admits such a structure with empty branching locus. We prove that non-projective compact simply connected K\"ahler Calabi-Yau manifolds do not admit branched holomorphic projective structures. The key ingredient of its proof is the following result of independent interest: If E is a holomorphic vector bundle over a compact simply connected K\"ahler Calabi-Yau manifold, and E admits a holomorphic connection, then E is a trivial holomorphic vector bundle equipped with the trivial connection., Comment: 24 pages; revised version

Let $E_G$ be a holomorphic principal $G$-bundle on a compact connected Riemann surface $X$, where $G$ is a connected reductive complex affine algebraic group. Fix a finite subset $D \subset X$, and for each $x\in D$ fix $w_x \in \text{ad}(E_G)_x$. Let $T$ be a maximal torus in the group of all holomorphic automorphisms of $E_G$. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a $T$-invariant logarithmic connection on $E_G$ singular over $D$ such that the residue over each $x \in D$ is $w_x$. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a logarithmic connection on $E_G$ singular over $D$ such that the residue over each $x \in D$ is $w_x$, under the assumption that each $w_x$ is $T$-rigid.

The main goal of this article is to construct some geometric invariants for the topology of the set $\mathcal{F}$ of flat connections on a principal $G$-bundle $P\,\longrightarrow\, M$. Although the characteristic classes of principal bundles are trivial when $\mathcal{F}\neq \emptyset$, their classical Chern-Weil construction can still be exploited to define a homomorphism from the set of homology classes of maps $S\longrightarrow \mathcal{F}$ to the cohomology group $H^{2r-k}(M,\mathbb{R})$, where $S$ is null-cobordant $(k-1)$-manifold, once a $G$-invariant polynomial $p$ of degree $r$ on $\text{Lie}(G)$ is fixed. For $S=S^{k-1}$, this gives a homomorphism $\pi_{k-1}(\mathcal{F})\longrightarrow H^{2r-k}(M,\mathbb{R})$. The map is shown to be globally gauge invariant and furthermore it descends to the moduli space of flat connections $\mathcal{F}/\mathrm{Gau}P$, modulo cohomology with integer coefficients. The construction is also adapted to complex manifolds. In this case, one works with the set $\mathcal{F}^{0,2}$ of connections with vanishing $(0,2)$-part of the curvature, and the Dolbeault cohomology. Some examples and applications are presented., Comment: Final version; to appear in Mathematische Nachrichten

Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus $g \geq 2$, and let ${\mathcal M}_{\rm DH}$ be the rank one Deligne-Hitchin moduli space associated to $X$. It is known that ${\mathcal M}_{\rm DH}$ is the twistor space for the hyper-K\"ahler structure on the moduli space of rank one holomorphic connections on $X$. We investigate the group $\operatorname{Aut}({\mathcal M}_{\rm DH})$ of all holomorphic automorphisms of ${\mathcal M}_{\rm DH}$. The connected component of $\operatorname{Aut}({\mathcal M}_{\rm DH})$ containing the identity automorphism is computed. There is a natural element of $H^2({\mathcal M}_{\rm DH}, {\mathbb Z})$. We also compute the subgroup of $\operatorname{Aut}({\mathcal M}_{\rm DH})$ that fixes this second cohomology class. Since ${\mathcal M}_{\rm DH}$ admits an ample rational curve, the notion of algebraic dimension extends to it by a theorem of Verbitsky. We prove that ${\mathcal M}_{\rm DH}$ is Moishezon.

Let $X$ be a geometrically irreducible smooth projective curve, of genus at least three, defined over the field of real numbers. Let $G$ be a connected reductive affine algebraic group, defined over $\mathbb R$, such that $G$ is nonabelian and has one simple factor. We prove that the isomorphism class of the moduli space of principal $G$--bundles on $X$ determine uniquely the isomorphism class of $X$., Comment: Final version

A theorem of Weil and Atiyah says that a holomorphic vector bundle $E$ on a compact Riemann surface $X$ admits a holomorphic connection if and only if the degree of every direct summand of $E$ is zero. Fix a finite subset $S$ of $X$, and fix an endomorphism $A(x) \in \text{End}(E_x)$ for every $x \in S$. It is natural to ask when there is a logarithmic connection on $E$ singular over $S$ with residue $A(x)$ at every $x \in S$. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for it under the assumption that the residues $A(x)$ are rigid., Comment: Final version

Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least two, and let ${\mathcal Q}_X(r,d)$ be the quot scheme that parametrizes all the torsion coherent quotients of ${\mathcal O}^{\oplus r}_X$ of degree $d$. This ${\mathcal Q}_X(r,d)$ is also a moduli space of vortices on $X$. Its geometric properties have been extensively studied. Here we prove that the anticanonical line bundle of ${\mathcal Q}_X(r,d)$ is not nef. Equivalently, ${\mathcal Q}_X(r,d)$ does not admit any K\"ahler metric whose Ricci curvature is semipositive.

For the universal isomonodromic deformation of an irreducible logarithmic rank two connection over a smooth complex projective curve of genus at least two, consider the family of holomorphic vector bundles over curves underlying this universal deformation. In a previous work we proved that the vector bundle corresponding to a general parameter of this family is stable. Here we prove that the vector bundle corresponding to a general parameter is in fact very stable (it does not admit any nonzero nilpotent Higgs field).

Using the wonderful compactification of a semisimple adjoint affine algebraic group G defined over an algebraically closed field k of arbitrary characteristic, we construct a natural compactification Y of the G-character variety of any finitely generated group F. When F is a free group, we show that this compactification is always simply connected with respect to the \'etale fundamental group, and when k=C it is also topologically simply connected. For other groups F, we describe conditions for the compactification of the moduli space to be simply connected and give examples when these conditions are satisfied, including closed surface groups and free abelian groups when G=PGL(n,C). Additionally, when F is a free group we identify the boundary divisors of Y in terms of previously studied moduli spaces, and we construct a family of Poisson structures on Y and its boundary divisors arising from Belavin-Drinfeld splittings of the double of the Lie algebra of G. In the appendix, authored by Sam Evens and Arlo Caine, we explain how to put a Poisson structure on a quotient of a Poisson algebraic variety by the action of a reductive Poisson algebraic group., Comment: 20 pages, many edits and clarifications added, accepted for publication in the Pacific Journal of Mathematics

Let $\overline G$ be the wonderful compactification of a simple affine algebraic group $G$ of adjoint type defined over $\mathbb C.$ Let ${\overline T}\subset \overline G$ be the closure of a maximal torus $T\subset G.$ We prove that the group of all automorphisms of the variety $\overline T$ is the semi-direct product $N_G(T)\rtimes D,$ where $N_G(T)$ is the normalizer of $T$ in $G$ and $D$ is the group of all automorphisms of the Dynkin diagram, if $G\not= {\rm PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})$. Note that if $G = {\rm PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})$, then $\overline{T} = {\mathbb C}{\mathbb P}^1$ and so in this case $\text{Aut}(\overline T)= {\rm PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})$., Comment: Final version

Let $(S,\, \ast)$ be a closed oriented surface with a marked point, let $G$ be a fixed group, and let $\rho\colon\pi_1(S) \longrightarrow G$ be a representation such that the orbit of $\rho$ under the action of the mapping class group $Mod(S,\, \ast)$ is finite. We prove that the image of $\rho$ is finite. A similar result holds if $\pi_1(S)$ is replaced by the free group $F_n$ on $n\geq 2$ generators and where $Mod(S,\, \ast)$ is replaced by $Aut(F_n)$. We thus resolve a well-known question of M. Kisin. We show that if $G$ is a linear algebraic group and if the representation variety of $\pi_1(S)$ is replaced by the character variety, then there are infinite image representations which are fixed by the whole mapping class group., Comment: 6 pgs no figs

We define parahoric $\cG$--torsors for certain Bruhat--Tits group scheme $\cG$ on a smooth complex projective curve $X$ when the weights are real, and also define connections on them. We prove that a $\cG$--torsor is given by a homomorphism from $\pi_1(X\setminus D)$ to a maximal compact subgroup of $G$, where $D\, \subset\, X$ is the parabolic divisor, if and only if the torsor is polystable., Comment: To appear in Publ.RIMS, Kyoto Univ

Let X be an irreducible smooth projective curve, of genus at least two, over an algebraically closed field k. Let $\mathcal{M}^d_G$ denote the moduli stack of principal G-bundles over X of fixed topological type $d \in \pi_1(G)$, where G is any almost simple affine algebraic group over k. We prove that the universal bundle over $X \times \mathcal{M}^d_G$ is stable with respect to any polarization on $X \times \mathcal{M}^d_G$. A similar result is proved for the Poincar\'e adjoint bundle over $X \times M_G^{d, rs}$, where $M_G^{d, rs}$ is the coarse moduli space of regularly stable principal G-bundles over X of fixed topological type d., Comment: 7 pages