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Second phase, the prediction in Minimum Support Price (MSP) is made through detected species. The required data in the price is gathered through online resources that are utilized for the data normalization stage in further. These normalized data are used in the deep feature extraction stage by utilizing the autoencoder and the Conventional Neural Network (CNN) to extract the required deep feature; it is then fused in that stage. Further, these fused features are fed into the optimal feature selection stage to choose the important optimal features by utilizing the newly developed algorithm Intensity-based Barnacle Mating Honey Badger Algorithm (I-BMHBA). Then, the selected features are fed into the Optimized Radial Basis Function + Gated Recurrent Unit (RBF + GRU) to predict MSP prices based on the crop type. The predicted prices are then divided into four shares as well as made the profit suggestion is through training the regional and location crops data. In the end, the Optimized RBF + GRU provide better profitable harvest outcomes. From these investigations, it is proven that the proposed profit suggestion via species prediction and MSP prediction method is better when assimilated with another existing model by utilizing the various performance metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed the oxidative potential (OP) of PM2.5 (n = 230) using dithiothreitol (DTT) assay to identify the major emission sources in Bhubaneswar (20.20°N, 85.80°E), one of the non-attainment cities under the National Clean Air Program, situated on the eastern coast of India. Continuous day and night PM2.5 samples were collected during periods influenced by marine airmass (MAM; April–May 2019) as well as continental airmass (CAM; October 2019–December 2019). Volume normalized DTT (DDTv) activities were approximately two times higher during CAM compared to MAM periods. In contrast, mass normalized DTT activity (DDTm) showed insignificant variations between CAM and MAM periods. This might be due to particulate organic matter, which accounted for more than one-fifth of the PM2.5 mass loading and remained surprisingly invariant during the study periods. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) identified secondary aerosols (MAM: 26% and CAM: 33%) as dominant contributors to PM2.5 mass in both periods. OP, is, however, dominated by vehicular emissions (21%) as identified through multiple linear regression. Conditional Bivariate Probability Function (CBPF) analysis indicated that local sources were the primary drivers for the catalytic activity of PM2.5 in the study region. Additionally, stagnant meteorological conditions, combined with the chemical aging of species during regional transport of pollutants, likely enhanced redox activity of PM2.5 during the CAM period. The study highlights that increasing traffic congestion is primarily responsible for adverse health outcomes in the region. Therefore, it is important to regulate mobility and vehicular movement to mitigate the hazardous impact of PM2.5 in Bhubaneswar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, Cu-TiO2-Graphite hybrid composites were fabricated with variations in wt.% of TiO2 and fixed wt.% of Graphite contents through stir casting technique. The size of the grains measured after casting were 83 ± 04, 64 ± 10, 41 ± 10 and 29 ± 04 μm for 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt% hybrid composites, respectively. The addition of 1 wt.% graphite (Gr) was not only to enhance the mechanical and tribological properties but also to improve the wettability during casting. The influence of TiO2 and Gr in Cu-hybrid composite on compression test was investigated followed by characterisation studies involving XRD, EDS, TEM, EBSD. The results reveal that 9 wt% reinforced composite exhibits more strain hardening. Further, composite exhibits higher strength due to the presence of combined strengthening mechanisms such as grain boundary, Orowan and thermal expansion coefficient mismatch in commensurate with ceramic particle addition. Out of these, it is found that Orowan strengthening contributes significantly to the compression strength of the hybrid system investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]