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Background. Central third of the patellar tendon is a well know graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, it’s usage can be difficult in case of long patella tendon, which causes graft length discrepancy. The aim of this article is to evaluate the results of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a help of original method of bone patella tendon bone graft preparation. Methods. 26 males operated for ACL tear have been included in the study. On the preoperative MRI scans the approximate length of ACL, tibial tunnel, patella tendon length and tibial bone plug length have been measured. The technique of tibial bone plug cut was optimized based on preoperative MRI assessment. Results. In all cases, MRI-based assessments were consistent with intraoperative measurements, hence there was possible to avoid graft length discrepancy. In a period of 12 weeks the average score on the step-and-holds test was 23.8±1.1, the single-leg squat test was 6.7±0.9 and the Y-balance test was 83.2±1.4. The average IKDS score was 64.9±5.7. Conclusion. The proposed method is appropriate for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in patients with long patella tendon.

With the use of the RME-based iSpring suite, this project creates interactive teaching resources to enhance students' capacity for creative thought. Students' low capacity for creative thought, low levels of desire, low levels of activity, and low levels of involvement in the learning process are the field's problems. In order to address these issues, interactive instructional resources were created. With the help of RME-based ispring suites, interactive teaching materials will be created that are valid, useful in the educational process, and will enhance students' capacity for creative thought. 4D (define, design, development, disseminate) is the development model that is employed. Pretest-poste instruments, student response questionnaires, and validation sheets are used in data gathering procedures. Analysis methods include the paired sample t-test, validity test, and practicality test, n-gain test. With a score of 3.41, the validity test results indicate that the product is already in the legitimate category. According to the analysis of the practicality test results, the produced product already has a score of 3.43, placing it in the extremely practical category. It is established by the paired sample t-test that capacity differences exist between pre- and post-use of interactive training resources. Moreover, improving pupils' capacity for creative thought is known to fall into the effective group based on the results of the n-gain test. In order for the RME-based iSpring suite of interactive teaching resources to be generally appropriate for use in the learning process

Solar is a promising renewable energy source for Indonesia's increasing electricity demand, which grows at the rate of 3.3% annually. However, high investment costs and unclear policies hinder Solar Power Plant (SPP) development. Considering the potential for growth in energy demand and the low long-term operational costs, it is imperative to foster SPP expansion in Indonesia. This study aims to identify location criteria and potential SPP development sites in Indonesia. We employ Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) combining Fuzzy-AHP and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodologies to assign criteria weights and prioritize alternative SPP locations. Results show that, from all respondents using the geometric mean in the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), it is found that the Economic criteria give the highest weight at 31%, and subcriteria of Land Availability, Peak Sun Hours, Geographic Location, Distance from Transportation Networks, Construction Costs, and Government Regulations contribute significantly. The ranking of alternative solutions indicates that South Sumatra Province holds the highest priority for SPP development with a 0.572 score, closely followed by North Sumatra at 0.571

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sago plant is a valuable source of raw material for the processing industry and every part is very useful for food and shelter. Moreover, by-products of the Sago processing industry are useful as animal feed and liquid waste which has not been widely used. There are limited studies on the use of Sago by-products and sustainability of Sago palm smallholder industry. Therefore, this study aimed to assess sustainability of Sago palm smallholder industry in Simeulue Regency and identify the values of each attribute in the four impacting dimensions.METHODS: This study was carried out through the direct interview method, using a questionnaire containing 35 attributes related to 4 dimensions, namely 8 attributes of economy, 12 environmental, 10 social, and 5 technological. The data were obtained from 5 entrepreneurs of Sago palm smallholder industry in Simeulue Regency, out of a total of 7 active Sago processing factories. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using Multidimensional Scaling method with rapid appraisal software. Sustainability status and leverage attributes were analyzed by Monte Carlo analysis and alternating least-squares algorithm.FINDINGS: The results showed that the general sustainability indicators in Sago palm smallholder industry had an average value of 46.03 percent. This assessment was based on the value for the economic dimension of 45.56 percent, environmental dimension of 27.89 percent, social dimension of 55.65 percent, and technological dimension of 55.03 percent. Furthermore, it was found that techniques in several processing stages or use of liquid waste, cultivation skills, and technology process contributed to sustainable development. This study provided information that production factors needed to be improved for sustainability of Sago palm smallholder industry in terms of economy and environment. However, the use of solid and liquid wastes had not been optimally used.CONCLUSION: In the economic dimension, an improvement in production factors such as the cultivation of Sago plant is important because it only relies on plant that live naturally. Furthermore, it is important to increase the use of Sago pulp as animal feed to improve the substitution of commercial rations usage, and facilitate sustainability value of the economic dimension. Meanwhile, in the environmental dimension, there should be study and socialization on the processing or use of liquid waste. This can help in addressing air and water pollution. In the social and technological dimensions, Sago farmers need to be equipped with cultivation skills to increase the value of this dimension. In conclusion, Sago palm smallholder industry in Simeulue Regency needs to be facilitated from upstream to downstream and sustain plant cultivation, and process Sago commodities using technology while suppressing negative effects on the environment.

Frequently, laptop users forget to disconnect or connect the power supply adapter when the battery needs to be charged or fully charged due to they are too focused on using the laptop. This condition can cause problem with laptop batteries and one of which is overcharging. Thus, keeping the laptop battery healthy is advantageous and one of them is to make it last longer. In addition, when the battery is faulty, the replacement of it also requires a lot of money. To deal with this condition, it is necessary to have a design tool that can automatically cut off the AC voltage on the laptop power supply adapter which will be equipped with software. This current research employed development research method and aimed to create a tool comprising hardware and software that could cut off the AC voltage to the laptop power supply adapter automatically based on the laptop battery percentage status.

The lesson plan or Rencana Pelakssanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), serves as a crucial guideline for educators at SMAN 1 Lembang, especially in teaching the subject of entrepreneurship. The continuity of this learning process is essential, considering the rapid dynamics in the business and economic world, requiring students to be skilled in facing future challenges. This research aims to evaluate the school's effectiveness, design, implementation, and evaluation of the Entrepreneurship RPP. The research method uses a qualitative approach with interviews, observation, and documentation studies. Researchers collected data from the internet and sources, namely teachers or teaching staff at SMAN 1 Lembang. The research findings indicate that the effectiveness of learning is closely related to well-planned and implemented RPP, supported by teaching methods suitable for the components of the subject matter. A well-structured RPP serves as a practical guide to achieving learning objectives. Teachers must be selective in choosing teaching methods that align with the needs and content. This research emphasizes the importance of RPP as a supporting tool in directing structured and effective learning at SMAN 1 Lembang, contributing to enhancing educational quality in the school.

The management of student report cards at the Sambung Jawa Complex Elementary School still uses Microsoft Excel which can cause the data processing process to be less efficient and prone to errors. The aim of this research is to build a report card application that can increase the efficiency and accuracy of processing student report card data, as well as facilitate access and management of data by teachers and administrative staff. The method used in designing this application is the FAST method (Framework for the Application of Systems Thinking), which includes the stages of requirements analysis, system design, and implementation. Meanwhile, the testing method used is the black box method, which focuses on testing the functionality of each feature in the application without looking at its internal structure. The results of this research show that the designed web-based report card application can run well and fulfill the needs of report card management at the Sambung Jawa Complex Elementary School. This application has succeeded in increasing the efficiency and accuracy of processing report card data, as well as making data access and management easier by the school.

Background and aim. One of the most prevalent chronic joint illnesses is osteoarthritis (OA), which can impair a patient's quality of life by causing joint pain, stiffness, deformity, and narrowed joint spaces. Many factors influence the pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis such as age and body weight, as well as genetic factors that are reported to play a role in the occurrence and progression of Osteoarthritis. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that inflammatory variables contribute to osteoarthritis pathomechanisms. It is currently thought that inflammatory variables alone are an independent risk factor for osteoarthritis. Methods. Observational sub-analysis with a cross-sectional approach to examine the relationship between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 1 (ACE 1) levels and the grading of osteoarthritis at “Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo” Hospital from October 2020 to February 2021. ACE 1 levels were measured using the Elisa KIT and grading of osteoarthritis using the Kellgren and Lawrence criteria. Results. Analysis of the relationship between ACE 1 levels and osteoarthritis grading using the ANOVA test and Post Hoc Bonferonni Test showed a significant relationship between ACE 1 levels and osteoarthritis grading, where high ACE 1 levels were related to osteoarthritis grading. Deficiency and insufficiency (p

Kapal Jala Jatuh merupakan kapal cumi terbanyak kedua yang ada di PPN Muara Angke. Aktivitas bongkar merupakan aktivitas utama yang dilakukan setelah kapal berlabuh di dermaga. Aktivitas ini terindikasi memiliki potensi kecelakaan kerja, sehingga perlu adanya identifikasi potensi bahaya pada aktivitas bongkar muat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas bongkar muat pada Kapal Jala Jatuh, menghitung persentase konsekuensi bahaya pada setiap aktivitas bongkar muat pada Kapal Jala Jatuh, dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk menjaga keselamatan dan mecegah kecelakaan yang dapat terjadi pada pekerja yang terlibat dalam proses tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara kepada kapten, ABK, dan buruh angkut. Analisis yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif, dengan mengelompokkan konsekuensi bahaya masing-masing aktivitas berdasarkan AS/NZS 4360: 1999 dimana terdapat lima jenis konsekuensi bahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 71 aktivitas pada kegiatan bongkar muat. Terdapat 8 (11%) aktivitas dikategorikan tidak berbahaya, 40 (56%) aktivitas dikategorikan bahaya ringan, 19 (27%) aktivitas dikategorikan bahaya menengah, 0 (0%) aktivitas dikategorikan bahaya berat, dan 4 (6%) aktivitas dikategorikan bahaya fatal. Perlu adanya perhatian mengenai keselamatan kerja pada aktivitas bongkar muat seperti kelengkapan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) terutama pada saat aktivitas bongkar muat­, dan juga pengemudi yang bersertifikat guna mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan yang bersifat fatal.

Introduction: The tendon graft option in revision surgery for anterior cruciate ligament re-tear still represents a debatable subject, regarding which is the best. As a primary option, the peroneus longus tendon (PLT) auto graft used in the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament has been reported with success in many studies, but there are few reports about the uses of PLT in revision surgeries. This study aimed to assess the functional result of PLT autograft in revision ACL surgeries. Methods: A retrospective study was done on 16 young male patients, who underwent revision surgeries for ACL re-tear, using double or triple folded full thickness peroneus longus tendon autograft graft, functional results of the knee and ankle using Lysholm score and American orthopaedic foot and ankle disability index, evaluated after two years of surgeries. Results: After two years of surgery, the Lysholm score was good – an excellent result in 11 patients (73.33%), fair-good in 3 patients (20%) and poor in one patient only (6.66%). American foot and ankle score was 100 in 14 patients and 95 only in one patient. Conclusion: It has been concluded that PLT auto graft, represents a good graft option in revision ACL surgeries with no or little donor site morbidity.

Komposisi kimia dan asam amino C. lentillifera dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor eksternal, di antaranya suhu, nutrien, kualitas air, musim, geografi, cuaca, dan lingkungan atau tempat tumbuh. C. lentillifera seperti makroalga lainnya, memiliki kemampuan untuk mengakumulasi nutrien bahkan senyawa antropogenik dari lingkungan yang kemudian dimanfaatkan untuk aktivitas fisiologinya. Komposisi nutrisi rumput laut dari lingkungan yang berbeda menarik untuk dikaji. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi komposisi kimia dan asam amino C. lentillifera dari hasil budidaya dan mengestimasi kualitas proteinnya kemudian dibandingkan dengan C. lentillifera hasil alam. Budidaya C. lentillifera dilakukan pada wadah terkontrol selama 40 hari. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi identifikasi morfologi, proksimat, profil asam amino menggunakan HPLC dan kualitas protein menggunakan pendekatan indeks asam amino esensial (EAAI) dan rasio efisiensi protein (P-PER). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan C. lentillifera budidaya dalam wadah terkontrol memiliki komposisi mineral yang lebih tinggi daripada C. lentillifera hasil alam, sedangkan kandungan protein, lemak, air, dan karbohirat pada C. lentillifera hasil budidaya lebih kecil dibandingkan C. lentillifera hasil alam. C. lentillifera hasil budidaya memiliki total kandungan asam amino (esensial dan non esensial) yang rendah dibandingkan hasil alam. Berdasarkan evaluasi kualitas protein, C. lentillifera hasil budidaya dalam wadah terkontrol dan hasil alam menghasilkan protein berkualitas sangat baik. Asam amino pembatas untuk C. lentillifera hasil budidaya dalam wadah terkontrol adalah triptofan sedangkan asam amino pembatas untuk C. lentillifera hasil alam adalah metionin dan sistein. Abstract The chemical and amino acid composition of C. lentillifera is influenced by several external factors such as temperature, nutrients, water quality, season, geography, weather, and the environment or location where it grows. C. lentillifera, like other macroalgae, can accumulate nutrients and even anthropogenic compounds from environment and use them for their physiological activities. Therefore, the nutritional composition of seaweeds under different conditions is an interesting research topic. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical and amino acid composition of C. lentillifera from cultivated products, estimate the quality of the resulting protein, and compare it with that of C. lentillifera from wild-stock products. C. lentillifera was cultivated in controlled containers for 40 d. The parameters analyzed included identification of morphology, proximate amino acids using HPLC, and protein quality using the essential amino acid index (EAAI) and protein efficiency ratio (P-PER) approaches. The results of the research showed that cultivated C. lentillifera in controlled containers had a higher mineral composition than wild-stock C. lentillifera, while the protein, fat, water and carbohydrate content of cultivated C. lentillifera was lower than wild-stock C. lentillifera. C. lentillifera from cultivation has a lower total amino acid content (essential and non-essential) compared to wild-stock products. Based on protein quality evaluation, C. lentillifera cultivated in controlled containers and wild stock products produced very high-quality protein. The limiting amino acid for C. lentillifera cultivated in controlled containers is tryptophan, whereas the limiting amino acids for C. lentillifera from wild stock products are methionine and cysteine.

This study developed and evaluated a mobile application for infrastructure rental at the Quality Assurance Agency for Education (BPMP) in West Papua using the Design Science Research (DSR) approach in the field of Information Systems (IS). This application, the first designed specifically for the needs of BPMP West Papua and integrated with the existing system, was assessed based on usability and user acceptance through interviews, black box testing, and effectiveness testing using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach. The black box testing results indicated successful application development. Evaluation with 64 respondents through hypothesis testing showed that social influence and technological anxiety significantly affect attitudes toward accepting the use of the application. This highlights the importance of considering these factors for the successful implementation of the mobile application at BPMP West Papua, potentially enhancing the efficiency of infrastructure rental.

This study develops warranty cost models for repairable products subject to Lemon Laws, encompassing Critical and Non-Critical components forming a multi-component system. Failures can arise naturally or be induced by other components (i.e., failure interaction), defining a lemon if recurrent failures reach a threshold (k) during the warranty period. A lemon declaration triggers a refund or replacement by the manufacturer. Four warranty cost models are proposed from the manufacturer's standpoint, considering failure mechanisms. Increasing failure thresholds in the warranty scheme substantially decreases warranty cost rates. For instance, a threshold (k) of 5 in refund and replacement schemes yields the lowest cost rates of 33.7159 and 25.8249, respectively. Failure interactions escalate total warranty costs; for instance, in a refund scheme (k = 5), costs with failure interaction reach 31.0169 compared to 28.7603 without. Similar trends apply to replacement schemes. Moreover, a lower warranty cost rate will extend the period, indicating regulation fulfillment due to a closer warranty period to the Lemon period. Sensitivity analysis also underscores the role of higher reliability in reducing warranty costs and complying with Lemon Laws. Finally, maintenance strategies and product reliability are emphasized to fulfill Lemon Laws with minimal costs, i.e., fewer warranty claims.

The Ramayana story reliefs in the Prambanan temple, which are considered artifacts of the past, not only present information about the heroic Ramayana story, but also present a way of drawing that was considered modern at that time. The way of drawing done by the carvers is very distinctive, which is very different from the modern way of drawing or the Western naturalist-perspective-momentopname drawing system. With the typical way of drawing, the carvers can tell many events in one relief panel. The scenes depicted in the relief panels are the embodiment of selected scenes in the Old Javanese Ramayana literature. The transformation from literature into a relief story is similar to a movie derived from a novel. Filmic in the relief of the story can be seen in the selection of the right scene in the literature and the series of scenes arranged into a unified story. The carvers at that time tried to draw the character of each character according to their imagination and used a unique way of drawing. This way of drawing is used to examine the reliefs of the Ramayana story at Prambanan Shiva temple. This research uses qualitative methods and data is obtained through observation and literature review. Research to reveal how to draw the main character and the arrangement of each object based on the Old Javanese Ramayana literature. From the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the previous sculptors have described the character and relief depiction of the Ramayana story by adjusting to the existing literature.The Ramayana story reliefs in the Prambanan temple, which are considered artifacts of the past, not only present information about the heroic Ramayana story, but also present a way of drawing that was considered modern at that time. The way of drawing done by the carvers is very distinctive, which is very different from the modern way of drawing or the Western naturalist-perspective-momentopname drawing system. With the typical way of drawing, the carvers can tell many events in one relief panel. The scenes depicted in the relief panels are the embodiment of selected scenes in the Old Javanese Ramayana literature. The transformation from literature into a relief story is similar to a movie derived from a novel. Filmic in the relief of the story can be seen in the selection of the right scene in the literature and the series of scenes arranged into a unified story. The carvers at that time tried to draw the character of each character according to their imagination and used a unique way of drawing. This way of drawing is used to examine the reliefs of the Ramayana story at Prambanan Shiva temple. This research uses qualitative methods and data is obtained through observation and literature review. Research to reveal how to draw the main character and the arrangement of each object based on the Old Javanese Ramayana literature. From the results of the analysis, it can be seen that the previous sculptors have described the character and relief depiction of the Ramayana story by adjusting to the existing literature.

This study examined the acquisition of Islamic values in an Islamic primary school using a logic model-based evaluative approach to assess input, output, and outcome dimensions. The research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of educational practices in promoting Islamic values among students. Data were gathered through interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed through iterative stages of collection, reduction, display, and conclusion. Findings indicate that the structural input for Islamic values learning involves coordinated efforts among various school departments. The school's cultural climate excels in academic, communal, security, and institutional areas. The output is reflected in diverse activities such as morning murâja’ah sessions, Quran reading and writing guidance using the Ummi method, congregational prayers, and rituals like Clean Friday and Blessed Friday. These activities lead to outcomes that foster individual piety, integrity, discipline, honesty, responsibility, creativity, and social consciousness among students. The study underscores the importance of instilling Islamic values from an early age, highlighting its potential to foster lifelong adherence to these principles. In conclusion, the research affirms the efficacy of these educational practices in transmitting Islamic values, emphasizing the pivotal role of primary education in cultivating a deep-rooted commitment to these values for the future.

Utilizing of 5G technology has become a major focus in the development of more advanced and efficient telecommunications networks. In this context, 5G coverage prediction becomes an important aspect in network planning to ensure optimal user experience. In this study, we explore the use of Random Forest algorithm to predict 5G coverage, with special emphasis on the hyperparameter optimization process to improve model performance. We conduct experiments with various hyperparameter combinations, including 'max_depth', 'max_features', 'min_samples_leaf', 'min_samples_split', and 'n_estimators', using hyperparameter optimization techniques. The results show that by paying attention to the optimal combination of hyperparameters, we managed to significantly improve the performance of the model. The optimized model produces a Minimum Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.6, which is much better than the Random Forest model without hyperparameter optimization which has an RMSE of 1.14. The result of this study confirms the importance of the hyperparameter optimization process in improving the accuracy and consistency of the Random Forest model for 5G coverage prediction. The results have important implications in supporting the development of a successful 5G network infrastructure in the future.

The performance of Power Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-NOMA) is affected by the performance of Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) in decoding user data. The large number of users will cause error propagation in SIC, which results in decreased SIC performance. This research aims to optimize the performance of SIC in PD-NOMA by applying spatial concepts to classify users. This research applies various supervised machine learning classification algorithms, including Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Naive Bayes. The experimental results show that Random Forest achieves the highest accuracy in classifying users, followed by Decision Tree. In addition, in performance measurement using ROC (Receiver Operating characteristic) and AUC (Area under the Curve) curves, the Random Forest method achieved the best results. In terms of experimentation process time, a decision tree has a faster time compared to a random forest. Overall, the Random Forest algorithm is suitable for the task of user clustering in the context of PD-NOMA, which utilizes the spatial concept from user to base station (BS).

This research aims to analyse the factors and effect of compulsive social apps usage on technostress among students in private higher education institutions in Malaysia. The determinants examined are the locus of control, materialism, need for touch, social interaction anxiety and technostress. This study is conducted on students who are the largest population using digital technologies in their everyday lives. Five hypotheses were constructed to analyse the determinants of compulsive social apps usage on technostress. A total of 285 valid questionnaires that measured factors of compulsive social apps and technostress were collected through the face-to-face method. The data was analysed using partial least squares (PLS) from students of the private higher education institutions. The mean score of compulsive usage of smartphone (M = 3.92) and that of technostress (M = 3.57) were not above the mid-point 4 in our 5-point scale, suggesting that the participants were not serious compulsive users. The results indicate the need for touch and that technostress is a significant effect of compulsive social apps usage. The findings showed that need for touch has the maximum impact on compulsive social apps usage and technostress.

Online platforms are preferred by customers when choosing and buying products. The contemporary digital era is witness to e-commerce platforms. Customers rely on various aspects of an e-commerce website for their needs. Sometimes they get more benefit from other digital platforms. This research focusses on how consumers can benefit from digital platforms. The study explores how consumers can embrace a website by leveraging various factors on an online business. The study identified five advantage factors, each offering six benefits, based on previous literature reviews. The study conducted interviews with E-marketing experts based on a questionnaire. This Research used Fuzzy TOPSIS method to determined ranking of most advantageous factor. The factors that provide advantages include usability, service quality, information quality, and online trust. The research analyses the ranking of these factors based on results. The research finds that usability of a website, i.e., functionality, efficiency, and search mechanism, is the most important advantage factor. This research is useful for businesspeople who engage in e-commerce platforms. The study explores future scope of research like cost, time, and regional issues on different products and regions.

This study presents a flexible Ca-Zn ferrite-based metamaterial designed for microwave sensing application, particularly in the detection of dairy products. The design incorporates a split-ring resonator (SRR) unit cell fabricated on a flexible substrate synthesized through a sol–gel process, integrating PVA glue with Ca-Zn ferrite nanoparticles. Structural characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed the composite’s structural integrity and electromagnetic suitability. The MTM exhibited multi-frequency resonance at 2.4 GHz, 3.68 GHz, and 7 GHz, with the C-band resonance demonstrating high sensitivity for sensing applications. A key advantage of the design is its flexibility maintaining stable performance under bending angles up to 90 degrees without degrading performance. This work highlights the versatility and adaptability of the proposed metamaterial, making it a promising solution for microwave sensing technologies.

This study aims to investigate passenger satisfaction in rail transit systems within emerging economies, utilizing a theory of consumption values. It seeks to understand how various values, such as functional, social, emotional, conditional, and epistemic, influence passenger perceptions and experiences providing insights for enhancing rail transit services. This study employs a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 418 passenger rail transit users in Kuala Lumpur city centre over a three-month period. Smart-PLS software was utilized to examine relationships between consumption values and passenger satisfaction. The study findings reveal strong support for functional and social values in influencing passenger satisfaction within rail transit systems of emerging economies. Similarly, emotional and conditional values also play a significant role. Surprisingly, epistemic value does not exhibit substantial influence, highlighting potential disparities in passenger perceptions and priorities. Rail transit operators and regulators should focus on these facets of consumption values in order to maximize passenger satisfaction in rail transit. Conditional aspects such as safety, punctuality, frequency, and accessibility should also be given priority. What is new to the existing literature is that epistemic value was confirmed as the trivial predictor of passengers' satisfaction in rail transit. Hence, clear signage, informative announcements, or accessible digital resources provided by the transit authority will enhance passengers' knowledge and overall experience. Being among a few studies in measuring rail transit satisfaction using the consumption values approach, particularly in the context of Asia-Pacific emerging economies, the empirical results attained broadened the growing literature pertinent to consumer behaviour, consumption values, and sustainable transportation. The findings offer new insights into enhancing rail transit services, emphasizing the need for clear communication and informative resources to boost passenger satisfaction.

Indeed, nanoliquids have acquired substantial consideration in heat transference field because of their inimitable thermal attributes and favorable application likelihoods. In contrast to orthodox liquids, the haphazard movement of nanoparticles within nanoliquid strengthens fluid turbulence, accomplishes superior thermal effectiveness and declines thermal resistance. Nanoliquids have ample utilization, for illustration, solar energy, electronic chips, automotive radiators and heat exchangers etc. This communication reports chemically reactive electro-magnetized nanomaterial dissipative flow confined by rotating cone. Flow expressions include thermo-solutal buoyancy, varying viscosity and magneto-hydrodynamics. Radiative heat, thermophoresis, viscous dissipation, Brownian diffusion, thermal source and first order chemical reaction are pondered to model transport expressions. Relevant variables are introduced to transfigure partial differential mathematical expressions to mathematical ordinary ones. Numerical outcomes for non-dimensional mathematical expressions are reported via bvp4c algorithm in MATLAB. The comprehensive results featuring dimensionless quantities are explored through graphs and arithmetic representations. It is evaluated that escalating values of variable viscosity, Prandtl number and unsteady parameter decline temperature but temperature is improved as a consequence of progressive variation in radiation parameter, Eckert number, thermophoresis parameter, heat generating and Brownian diffusive variables. The study is relevant to cooling industry, electroconductive, thermal collector and nano-materials processing.