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Prior eye-tracking studies involving autistic individuals have focused on total looking time or proportion of looking time to key regions of interest. These studies have not examined another important feature, the ability to sustain attention to stimuli. In particular, the ability to sustain attention to a dynamic social stimulus might reflect more advanced self-regulatory skills that may enhance engagement with and comprehension of social information. In a sample of 155 autistic children (2--8 years of age), we examined children's average look duration while they viewed a complex, dynamic stimulus containing both social and nonsocial elements. After accounting for children's age and intelligence quotient, we found that shorter average look duration was associated with increased autism spectrum disorder severity across multiple clinical measures. To calculate average look duration, we divided the length of total looking time in seconds by the total number of uninterrupted looks to the video media. Thus, the ability to sustain attention while viewing complex dynamic information could be important for comprehending dynamic social information.

16. Balandina A.S. Analysis of theoretical aspects of tax benefits and tax preferences. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvenogo universiteta = Tomsk State University Journal, 2011, no. 4 (16), pp. 105–110. (In Russ.). 17. Danilova V.V. Tax preferences: the concept, types, goals and procedures for obtaining. Oplata truda: bukhgalterskii uchet i nalogooblozhenie, 2022, no. 4, pp. 19–26. (In Russ.). 18. Wells D.A. The Theory and Practice of Taxation. New York, D. Appleton and Company Publ., 1900. 666 p. 19. Chua A.T. Precedent and Principles of WTO Panel Jurisprudence. Berkeley Journal of International Law, 1998, vol. 16, iss. 2, pp. 171–196. 20. Belousov A.L. Preferential regimes for conduct of business: regulation problems and law improvement areas. Khozyaistvo i pravo = Economy and Law, 2022, no. 10, pp. 30–41. (In Russ.). 21. Belousov A.L. Legal aspects of formation and development of special investment contracts in the Russian Federation. Legal Bulletin, 2022, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 9–16. (In Russ).The subject. The preferential tax regime provided to the participants of special investment contracts has been functioning in the Russian legal system for about 8 years. Despite the systematic "fine-tuning" of its legal regulation, taxpayers still face the legislative gaps and contradictions of separate normative provisions entailing tax risks. It seems appropriate to put forward the hypothesis that the existing tax treatment of the participants of special investment contracts is not devoid of these drawbacks, especially in terms of regional regulation, and could be improved. Purpose of the study. The article represents an attempt to verify the aforementioned hypothesis and deals with selected provisions of the Russian legislation regulating preferential tax regime for participants of special investment contracts, which in addition to the Russian Tax Code includes the Federal Law "On Industrial Policy in the Russian Federation", regional and municipal normative legal acts. Methodology. The methodological basis of this study are general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction), private scientific methods (interpretation of legal acts), as well as content analysis, study of reports and analytical references of governmental organizations. The main results. The study revealed that the Russian legislation, mainly regional and municipal, is not fully developed. As a consequence, the preferential tax regime for the participants of special investment contracts cannot efficiently function on the entire Russian territory. Also, the regulatory framework adopted at the federal level uses incorrect terminological apparatus in terms of defining tax support measures available to participants of special investment contracts, which entails tax risks for them. Conclusions. The revealed drawbacks of the preferential tax regime for participants of special investment contracts can be leveled by means of point-by-point amendments to the federal legislation. To this end, the authors of the present study propose specific steps to overcome these drawbacks.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy is a routinely used technique to determine the nature of thyroid and parathyroid nodules. The complications and side effects associated with this procedure are minimal. At the same time, the histological alterations resulting from its use are well documented. Their range is quite w, however, from a clinical point of view, the most striking and catastrophic in their consequences are extensive heart attacks and necrosis. Such changes more often than in formations of a different morphological nature occur in tumors from oxyphilic cells. It should be noted that a lot of works devoted to post-biopsy changes are naturally focused on the morphological aspects of this problem, or are presented in the form of a presentation of individual clinical observations.This report presents the observation of necrosis in the parathyroid adenoma, which developed before fine needle aspiration biopsy.

This paper presents the results of applying paleotemperature modelling for determination possible sources, which form hydrocarbon deposits in the pre-Jurassic basement in the southeast of Western Siberia. Discovery of light oil deposits below the depth of 7000 m in the Tarim basin indicates the possibility of existence favourable temperature regime for generation and conservation of hydrocarbon deposits even at such great depths. According to some estimates about 40 % of the total proved oil and gas reserves in the world are distributed in the superdeep strata. Russian scientists also have extensive prospects for the Paleozoic sedimentary basins of Western Siberian Plate. These basins formed on betwixt mountains, where favourable environment for accumulation of dispersed organic matter and its transformation into hydrocarbons persisted for a long geological time. There are two concepts of “the main source” for oil accumulated in the Paleozoic reservoirs. The first suggests deposit formation via upward migration, while the second supports the idea of downward interstratal migration of hydrocarbons from the Jurassic source rocks. The aim of this study is to determine possible sources for the Paleozoic hydrocarbon deposits in the Urman field via modelling of thermal history of the Phanerozoic oil-source rocks. The first experience of performing such research is related to the Ostanino group of fields. The research is continued for the Chuzic-Chizhapka group of fields, which is located on the tectonic unit of the same name. Both groups are associated with the Nyurol sedimentary basin. It was found that the Paleozoic reservoir of the Urman field accumulates partially preserved gas generated by the Paleozoic source-rocks and oil representing a mixture of the Jurassic oil of marine and terrigenous origin.

Aim. To assess the relationship between plasma chitotiosidase (CHIT) level and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods. 347 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in our single-center cohort prospective observational study. On the first day of hospitalization the patients were assessed by the level of CHIT in the venosus blood to addition to default laboratory examinations. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. The survival after hospital discharge were assessed via phone calls on 90 and 180 days since inclusion to the study (NCT04752085). Results. Our study included 347 patients. The first symptoms appeared in 7 days [5; 7] before hospitalization; 283 (84.3%) patients had less than 50% of the involvement of the lung tissue to the inflammation process (CT 02); 36 (10.4%) patients had died since the start of our investigation; 30 (83.3%) of them died during hospitalization, others -no later than 60 days; 68 (19%) people didnt answer during phone call. The survivor's activity of the enzyme in the deceased was significantly lower in compare to deceased patients (90.5 [40.2; 178.0] nmol/h/mL vs 180.0 [77.2; 393.2] nmol/h/mL; p=0.001). Survivor of the patients with a higher level of the activity of the CHIT (more than 171 nmol/h/mL) was statically significantly lower. Conclusion. Rising of the CHIT's activity more than 171 nmol/h/mL might be an early independent predictor of the bad prognosis of the patients, who were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection.

Aggressiveness and age of manifestation of medullary thyroid cancer depend on the risk level of germline RET mutations. For high-risk mutations, preventive thyroidectomy is recommended at young age. In recent years, endoscopic operations for thyroid cancer were introduced in clinical practice. But such experience in pediatrics is very limited. We present a case report of a male patient, 6-year-old with the high-risk germline mutation С634R in RET gene. Close relatives (mother, cousin, and native sister) of the proband, were treated for medullary thyroid cancer. Also, his grandmother on the maternal line and her native brother died at the age of 38 and 37 years because of medullary thyroid cancer progression. Since 3 years old, our patient was under regular exams. At the age of six, calcitonin level was 8 ng/mL, and no evidence of pathology on ultrasound. According to recommendations of American Thyroid Association from 2015 (ATA 2015), preventive thyroidectomy was planned. This operation was performed by transoral vestibular approach. Oral nutrition started on the first day after the operation and the patient was discharged from the hospital. No major complications were observed. Transitory paresthesia and slight edema of the submental compartment were noticed. Consider this, endoscopic operation on the thyroid gland can be performed, as a preventive procedure, for RET gene germline mutation carriers in young age. This method helps avoid scars on the skin of the anterior neck.

Diagnostic methods applied in the industry do not allow to control the state of electrical machines windings in working condition and to fix the defect formation in them at the early stages of development. The aim of the work was to develop a method and construct a device that allows measuring interturn resistances in the electrical machines’ windings without the need to remove it from the technological process, and thereby assess its current and future performance.A block diagram of a device for measuring of interturn resistances in the electrical machines’ windings has been developed, a method has been described, and an algorithm for carrying out diagnostic procedures has been developed. Also, as a result of the study, mathematical dependencies were determined that characterize the main operations performed by the device and a mathematical model was developed for obtaining of the interturn resistance value in the diagnosed windings from the value of the measured phase difference for the AIR63V4U3 asynchronous motor.The developed method and a device based on it allow measuring interturn resistances in the electrical machines’ windings without the need to remove it from the technological process and fix the beginning of defect formation, and, thereby, evaluate its current and future performance in real time.

INTRODUCTION. Rehabilitation of children with knee joint injuries is very relevant due to a high prevalence of such a localization ofinjuries leading to loss of limb function and often requiring surgical treatment and intensive rehabilitation.AIM. To establish scientifically the isolated use of low-frequency pulsed electrostatic field and in combination with roboticmechanotherapy in treatment of the knee joint capsular ligamentous apparatus injuries in children.MATERIAL AND METHODS. 60 children aged 13 to 18 years with damage to the capsular ligamentous apparatus of the knee jointwere included in the clinical study. The study group was represented by 30 children receiving a combined effect of the low-frequencypulsed electrostatic field and robotic mechanotherapy. A comparison group of 30 children was exposed to the low-frequency pulsedelectrostatic field. Medical rehabilitation was prescribed in the early post-immobilization period after arthroscopic operations. Todetermine the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation techniques, we used orthopedic status assessment, a subjacent determinationof the severity of pain syndrome according to the VAS, clinical assessment of motor deficit, laser Doppler flowmetry, ultrasoundexamination of knee joints, infrared thermography, and psychological testing using the Spielberg-Hanin scale.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. A prospective open randomized comparative study revealed a more pronounced regression of painsyndrome, earlier restoration of the motions in the injured joint, and relief of posttraumatic synovitis signs when using two physicalfactors in children with damage to the capsule-ligament apparatus of the knee joint in combination. The clinical and functional resultsobtained are of great importance in injuries of the knee joint with the risk of contracture formation in the postoperative period.CONCLUSION. High therapeutic efficacy, good tolerability of procedures, and the absence of adverse reactions substantiate expediencyof the low frequency pulsed electrostatic field introduction in combination with robotic mechanotherapy for injuries of the capsularligamentous apparatus of the knee joint in children into the practice of children’s medical and preventive medical organizations.

The article analyzes the features of the development of civil aviation in the Arab East with an emphasis on the beginning of the current century, as the most important period in the life of the Arab nations, on the one hand the time when they suffered huge losses as a result of the global financial crisis, the drama of the Arab Spring, the wars on terrorism, the pandemic and other circumstances, and on the other — t he time when they managed to accumulate colossal oil revenues, which were invested in economic construction and especially in infrastructure, including its aviation part. The article is built around a description of the contrasts between Arabian oil exporters and the Arab outsiders, whose difference in growth potentials is exacerbated by the pitfalls and traps of the so-called catch-up development. This model a priori puts weak facilities at a disadvantage, since less wealthy countries experience the greatest difficulties in overcoming problems and challenges across the entire range of socio-economic development topics compared to those that form the basis of infrastructure construction, including the aviation services industry. The article emphasizes that the reduction of the gap in terms of the maturity of transport and logistics connectivity in the region, along with other advances and developments in the field of transport arrangement of the Middle East and North African economic space, could potentially in the future create conditions for a more representative presence of the Arab nations in the system of world economic ties, and at the shorter-range stages of growth it will more fully ensure the current and ongoing tasks and objectives of regional intersectoral and intra-economic connectivity in the interests of integration.