401 results on '"3105 Instrumentation"'
Search Results
202. Mechanical stability of the CMS strip tracker measured with a laser alignment system
- Author
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Sirunyan, A. M., Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Asilar, E., Bergauer, T., Brandstetter, J., Brondolin, E., Dragicevic, M., Eroe, J., Flechl, M., Friedl, M., Fruehwirth, R., Ghete, V. M., Hoch, M., Hartl, C., Hoermann, N., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, M., Koenig, A., Kraetschmer, I., and University of Zurich
- Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Abstract
The CMS tracker consists of 206m(2) of silicon strip sensors assembled on carbon fibre composite structures and is designed for operation in the temperature range from -25 to + 25 degrees C. The mechanical stability of tracker components during physics operation was monitored with a few mu m resolution using a dedicated laser alignment system as well as particle tracks from cosmic rays and hadron-hadron collisions. During the LHC operational period of 2011-2013 at stable temperatures, the components of the tracker were observed to experience relative movements of less than 30 mu m. In addition, temperature variations were found to cause displacements of tracker structures of about 2 mu m/degrees C, which largely revert to their initial positions when the temperature is restored to its original value.
- Published
- 2017
203. High rate tests of the photon detection system for the LHCb RICH Upgrade
- Author
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LHCb Collaboration, Bernet, R, Müller, K, Serra, N, Steinkamp, O, Straumann, U, Vollhardt, A, et al, and University of Zurich
- Subjects
530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics - Published
- 2017
204. Application of large area SiPMs for the readout of a plastic scintillator based timing detector
- Author
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Etam Noah, Yannick Favre, S. Gomez, P. Mermod, D. Sgalaberna, R. Brundler, Christopher Betancourt, B. Storaci, David Gascon, A. Datwyler, A. Blondel, A. Korzenev, Nicola Serra, University of Zurich, and Korzenev, A
- Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,530 Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,10192 Physics Institute ,Scintillator ,01 natural sciences ,Silicon photomultiplier ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,Current conveyor ,Detectors and Experimental Techniques ,010306 general physics ,2610 Mathematical Physics ,physics.ins-det ,Instrumentation ,Electrical impedance ,Mathematical Physics ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Anode ,business ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
In this study an array of eight 6 mm × 6 mm area SiPMs was coupled to the end of a long plastic scintillator counter which was exposed to a 2.5 GeV/c muon beam at the CERN PS. Timing characteristics of bars with dimensions 150 cm × 6 cm × 1 cm and 120 cm × 11 cm × 2.5 cm have been studied. An 8-channel SiPM anode readout ASIC (MUSIC R1) based on a novel low input impedance current conveyor has been used to read out and amplify SiPMs independently and sum the signals at the end. Prospects for applications in large-scale particle physics detectors with timing resolution below 100 ps are provided in light of the results. In this study an array of eight 6 mm x 6 mm area SiPMs was coupled to the end of a long plastic scintillator counter which was exposed to a 2.5 GeV/c muon beam at the CERN PS. Timing characteristics of bars with dimensions 150 cm x 6 cm x 1 cm and 120 cm x 11 cm x 2.5 cm have been studied. An 8-channel SiPM anode readout ASIC (MUSIC R1) based on a novel low input impedance current conveyor has been used to read out and amplify SiPMs independently and sum the signals at the end. Prospects for applications in large-scale particle physics detectors with timing resolution below 100 ps are provided in light of the results.
- Published
- 2017
205. Jet energy scale and resolution in the CMS experiment in pp collisions at 8 TeV
- Author
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Khachatryan, V., Sirunyan, A. M., Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Asilar, E., Bergauer, T., Brandstetter, J., Brondolin, E., Dragicevic, M., Erö, J., Flechl, M., Friedl, M., Frühwirth, R., Ghete, V. M., Hartl, C., Hörmann, N., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, M., Knünz, V., König, A., Krammer, M., Krätschmer, I., Liko, D., Matsushita, T., Mikulec, I., Rabady, D., Rahbaran, B., Rohringer, H., Schieck, J., Schöfbeck, R., Strauss, J., Treberer-Treberspurg, W., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C. -E., Mossolov, V., Shumeiko, N., Suarez Gonzalez, J., Alderweireldt, S., Cornelis, T., De Wolf, E. A., Janssen, X., Knutsson, A., Lauwers, J., Luyckx, S., Van De Klundert, M., Van Haevermaet, H., Van Mechelen, P., Van Remortel, N., Van Spilbeeck, A., Abu Zeid, S., Blekman, F., D'Hondt, J., Daci, N., De Bruyn, I., Deroover, K., Heracleous, N., Keaveney, J., Lowette, S., Moreels, L., Olbrechts, A., Python, Q., Strom, D., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Van Mulders, P., Van Onsem, G. P., Van Parijs, I., Barria, P., Brun, H., Caillol, C., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Fasanella, G., Favart, L., Grebenyuk, A., Karapostoli, G., Lenzi, T., Léonard, A., Maerschalk, T., Marinov, A., Perniè, L., Randle-conde, A., Reis, T., Seva, T., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Yonamine, R., Zenoni, F., Zhang, F., Beernaert, K., Benucci, L., Cimmino, A., Crucy, S., Dobur, D., Fagot, A., Garcia, G., Gul, M., Mccartin, J., Ocampo Rios, A. A., Poyraz, D., Ryckbosch, D., Salva, S., Sigamani, M., Strobbe, N., Tytgat, M., Van Driessche, W., Yazgan, E., Zaganidis, N., Basegmez, S., Beluffi, C., Bondu, O., Brochet, S., Bruno, G., Caudron, A., Ceard, L., Da Silveira, G. G., Delaere, C., Favart, D., Forthomme, L., Giammanco, A., Hollar, J., Jafari, A., Jez, P., Komm, M., Lemaitre, V., Mertens, A., Musich, M., Nuttens, C., Perrini, L., Pin, A., Piotrzkowski, K., Popov, A., Quertenmont, L., Selvaggi, M., Vidal Marono, M., Beliy, N., Hammad, G. H., Aldá Júnior, W. L., Alves, F. L., Alves, G. A., Brito, L., Correa Martins Junior, M., Hamer, M., Hensel, C., Mora Herrera, C., Moraes, A., Pol, M. E., Rebello Teles, P., Belchior Batista Das Chagas, E., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Custódio, A., Da Costa, E. M., Damiao, D. De Jesus, De Oliveira Martins, C., Fonseca De Souza, S., Huertas Guativa, L. M., Malbouisson, H., Matos Figueiredo, D., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Prado Da Silva, W. L., Santoro, A., Sznajder, A., Tonelli Manganote, E. J., Vilela Pereira, A., Ahuja, S., Bernardes, C. A., De Souza Santos, A., Dogra, S., Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R., Gregores, E. M., Mercadante, P. G., Moon, C. S., Novaes, S. F., Padula, Sandra S., Romero Abad, D., Ruiz Vargas, J. C., Aleksandrov, A., Hadjiiska, R., Iaydjiev, P., Rodozov, M., Stoykova, S., Sultanov, G., Vutova, M., Dimitrov, A., Glushkov, I., Litov, L., Pavlov, B., Petkov, P., Ahmad, M., Bian, J. G., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Cheng, T., Du, R., Jiang, C. H., Plestina, R., Romeo, F., Shaheen, S. M., Spiezia, A., Tao, J., Wang, C., Wang, Z., Zhang, H., Asawatangtrakuldee, C., Ban, Y., Li, Q., Liu, S., Mao, Y., Qian, S. J., Wang, D., Xu, Z., Avila, C., Cabrera, A., Chaparro Sierra, L. F., Florez, C., Gomez, J. P., Gomez Moreno, B., Sanabria, J. C., Godinovic, N., Lelas, D., Puljak, I., Ribeiro Cipriano, P. M., Antunovic, Z., Kovac, M., Brigljevic, V., Kadija, K., Luetic, J., Micanovic, S., Sudic, L., Attikis, A., Mavromanolakis, G., Mousa, J., Nicolaou, C., Ptochos, F., Razis, P. A., Rykaczewski, H., Bodlak, M., Finger, M., J, R., Assran, Y., El Sawy, M., Elgammal, S., Ellithi Kamel, A., Mahmoud, M. A., Calpas, B., Kadastik, M., Murumaa, M., Raidal, M., Tiko, A., Veelken, C., Eerola, P., Pekkanen, J., Voutilainen, M., Härkönen, J., Karimäki, V., Kinnunen, R., Lampén, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lehti, S., Lindén, T., Luukka, P., Mäenpää, T., Peltola, T., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Tuovinen, E., Wendland, L., Talvitie, J., Tuuva, T., Besancon, M., Couderc, F., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., Fabbro, B., Faure, J. L., Favaro, C., Ferri, F., Ganjour, S., Givernaud, A., Gras, P., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Jarry, P., Locci, E., Machet, M., Malcles, J., Rander, J., Rosowsky, A., Titov, M., Zghiche, A., Antropov, I., Baffioni, S., Beaudette, F., Busson, P., Cadamuro, L., Chapon, E., Charlot, C., Dahms, T., Davignon, O., Filipovic, N., Florent, A., Granier de Cassagnac, R., Lisniak, S., Mastrolorenzo, L., Miné, P., Naranjo, I. N., Nguyen, M., Ochando, C., Ortona, G., Paganini, P., Pigard, P., Regnard, S., Salerno, R., Sauvan, J. B., Sirois, Y., Strebler, T., Yilmaz, Y., Zabi, A., Agram, J. -L., Andrea, J., Aubin, A., Bloch, D., Brom, J. -M., Buttignol, M., Chabert, E. C., Chanon, N., Collard, C., Conte, E., Coubez, X., Fontaine, J. -C., Gelé, D., Goerlach, U., Goetzmann, C., Le Bihan, A. -C., Merlin, J. A., Skovpen, K., Van Hove, P., Gadrat, S., Beauceron, S., Bernet, C., Boudoul, G., Bouvier, E., Carrillo Montoya, C. A., Chierici, R., Contardo, D., Courbon, B., Depasse, P., El Mamouni, H., Fan, J., Fay, J., Gascon, S., Gouzevitch, M., Ille, B., Lagarde, F., Laktineh, I. B., Lethuillier, M., Mirabito, L., Pequegnot, A. L., Perries, S., Ruiz Alvarez, J. D., Sabes, D., Sgandurra, L., Sordini, V., Vander Donckt, M., Verdier, P., Viret, S., Toriashvili, T., Tsamalaidze, Z., Autermann, C., Beranek, S., Edelhoff, M., Feld, L., Heister, A., Kiesel, M. K., Klein, K., Lipinski, M., Ostapchuk, A., Preuten, M., Raupach, F., Schael, S., Schulte, J. F., Verlage, T., Weber, H., Wittmer, B., Zhukov, V., Ata, M., Brodski, M., Dietz-Laursonn, E., Duchardt, D., Endres, M., Erdmann, M., Erdweg, S., Esch, T., Fischer, R., Güth, A., Hebbeker, T., Heidemann, C., Hoepfner, K., Klingebiel, D., Knutzen, S., Kreuzer, P., Merschmeyer, M., Meyer, A., Millet, P., Olschewski, M., Padeken, K., Papacz, P., Pook, T., Radziej, M., Reithler, H., Rieger, M., Scheuch, F., Sonnenschein, L., Teyssier, D., Thüer, S., Cherepanov, V., Erdogan, Y., Flügge, G., Geenen, H., Geisler, M., Hoehle, F., Kargoll, B., Kress, T., Kuessel, Y., Künsken, A., Lingemann, J., Nehrkorn, A., Nowack, A., Nugent, I. M., Pistone, C., Pooth, O., Stahl, A., Aldaya Martin, M., Asin, I., Bartosik, N., Behnke, O., Behrens, U., Bell, A. J., Borras, K., Burgmeier, A., Campbell, A., Choudhury, S., Costanza, F., Diez Pardos, C., Dolinska, G., Dooling, S., Dorland, T., Eckerlin, G., Eckstein, D., Eichhorn, T., Flucke, G., Gallo, E., Garay Garcia, J., Geiser, A., Gizhko, A., Gunnellini, P., Hauk, J., Hempel, M., Jung, H., Kalogeropoulos, A., Karacheban, O., Kasemann, M., Katsas, P., Kieseler, J., Kleinwort, C., Korol, I., Lange, W., Leonard, J., Lipka, K., Lobanov, A., Lohmann, W., Mankel, R., Marfin, I., Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A., Meyer, A. B., Mittag, G., Mnich, J., Mussgiller, A., Naumann-Emme, S., Nayak, A., Ntomari, E., Perrey, H., Pitzl, D., Placakyte, R., Raspereza, A., Roland, B., Sahin, M. Ö., Saxena, P., Schoerner-Sadenius, T., Schröder, M., Seitz, C., Spannagel, S., Trippkewitz, K. D., Walsh, R., Wissing, C., Blobel, V., Centis Vignali, M., Draeger, A. R., Erfle, J., Garutti, E., Goebel, K., Gonzalez, D., Görner, M., Haller, J., Hoffmann, M., Höing, R. S., Junkes, A., Klanner, R., Kogler, R., Kovalchuk, N., Lapsien, T., Lenz, T., Marchesini, I., Marconi, D., Meyer, M., Nowatschin, D., Ott, J., Pantaleo, F., Peiffer, T., Perieanu, A., Pietsch, N., Poehlsen, J., Rathjens, D., Sander, C., Scharf, C., Schettler, H., Schleper, P., Schlieckau, E., Schmidt, A., Schwandt, J., Sola, V., Stadie, H., Steinbrück, G., Tholen, H., Troendle, D., Usai, E., Vanelderen, L., Vanhoefer, A., Vormwald, B., Akbiyik, M., Barth, C., Baus, C., Berger, J., Böser, C., Butz, E., Chwalek, T., Colombo, F., De Boer, W., Descroix, A., Dierlamm, A., Fink, S., Frensch, F., Friese, R., Giffels, M., Gilbert, A., Haitz, D., Hartmann, F., Heindl, S. M., Husemann, U., Katkov, I., Kornmayer, A., Lobelle Pardo, P., Maier, B., Mildner, H., Mozer, M. U., Müller, T., Müller, Th., Plagge, M., Quast, G., Rabbertz, K., Röcker, S., Roscher, F., Sieber, G., Simonis, H. J., Stober, F. M., Ulrich, R., Wagner-Kuhr, J., Wayand, S., Weber, M., Weiler, T., Wöhrmann, C., Wolf, R., Anagnostou, G., Daskalakis, G., Geralis, T., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Kyriakis, A., Loukas, D., Psallidas, A., Topsis-Giotis, I., Agapitos, A., Kesisoglou, S., Panagiotou, A., Saoulidou, N., Tziaferi, E., Evangelou, I., Flouris, G., Foudas, C., Kokkas, P., Loukas, N., Manthos, N., Papadopoulos, I., Paradas, E., Strologas, J., Bencze, G., Hajdu, C., Hazi, A., Hidas, P., Horvath, D., Sikler, F., Veszpremi, V., Vesztergombi, G., Zsigmond, A. J., Beni, N., Czellar, S., Karancsi, J., Molnar, J., Szillasi, Z., Bartók, M., Makovec, A., Raics, P., Trocsanyi, Z. L., Ujvari, B., Mal, P., Mandal, K., Sahoo, D. K., Sahoo, N., Swain, S. K., Bansal, S., Beri, S. B., Bhatnagar, V., Chawla, R., Gupta, R., Bhawandeep, U., Kalsi, A. K., Kaur, A., Kaur, M., Kumar, R., Mehta, A., Mittal, M., Singh, J. B., Walia, G., Kumar, Ashok, Bhardwaj, A., Choudhary, B. C., Garg, R. B., Kumar, A., Malhotra, S., Naimuddin, M., Nishu, N., Ranjan, K., Sharma, R., Sharma, V., Bhattacharya, S., Chatterjee, K., Dey, S., Dutta, S., Jain, Sa., Majumdar, N., Modak, A., Mondal, K., Mukherjee, S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Roy, A., Roy, D., Chowdhury, S. Roy, Sarkar, S., Sharan, M., Abdulsalam, A., Chudasama, R., Dutta, D., Jha, V., Kumar, V., Mohanty, A. K., Pant, L. M., Shukla, P., Topkar, A., Aziz, T., Banerjee, S., Bhowmik, S., Chatterjee, R. M., Dewanjee, R. K., Dugad, S., Ganguly, S., Ghosh, S., Guchait, M., Gurtu, A., Kole, G., Kumar, S., Mahakud, B., Maity, M., Majumder, G., Mazumdar, K., Mitra, S., Mohanty, G. B., Parida, B., Sarkar, T., Sur, N., Sutar, B., Wickramage, N., Chauhan, S., Dube, S., Kothekar, K., Sharma, S., Bakhshiansohi, H., Behnamian, H., Etesami, S. M., Fahim, A., Goldouzian, R., Khakzad, M., Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi, Naseri, M., Paktinat Mehdiabadi, S., Rezaei Hosseinabadi, F., Safarzadeh, B., Zeinali, M., Felcini, M., Grunewald, M., Abbrescia, M., Calabria, C., Caputo, C., Colaleo, A., Creanza, D., Cristella, L., De Filippis, N., De Palma, M., Fiore, L., Iaselli, G., Maggi, G., Maggi, M., Miniello, G., My, S., Nuzzo, S., Pompili, A., Pugliese, G., Radogna, R., Ranieri, A., Selvaggi, G., Silvestris, L., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Abbiendi, G., Battilana, C., Benvenuti, A. C., Bonacorsi, D., Braibant-Giacomelli, S., Brigliadori, L., Campanini, R., Capiluppi, P., Castro, A., Cavallo, F. R., Chhibra, S. S., Codispoti, G., Cuffiani, M., Dallavalle, G. M., Fabbri, F., Fanfani, A., Fasanella, D., Giacomelli, P., Grandi, C., Guiducci, L., Marcellini, S., Masetti, G., Montanari, A., Navarria, F. L., Perrotta, A., Rossi, A. M., Rovelli, T., Siroli, G. P., Tosi, N., Travaglini, R., Cappello, G., Chiorboli, M., Costa, S., Di Mattia, A., Giordano, F., Potenza, R., Tricomi, A., Tuve, C., Barbagli, G., Ciulli, V., Civinini, C., D'Alessandro, R., Focardi, E., Gonzi, S., Gori, V., Lenzi, P., Meschini, M., Paoletti, S., Sguazzoni, G., Tropiano, A., Viliani, L., Benussi, L., Bianco, S., Piccolo, D., Primavera, F., Calvelli, V., Ferro, F., Lo Vetere, M., Monge, M. R., Robutti, E., Tosi, S., Brianza, L., Dinardo, M. E., Fiorendi, S., Gennai, S., Gerosa, R., Ghezzi, A., Govoni, P., Malvezzi, S., Manzoni, R. A., Marzocchi, B., Menasce, D., Moroni, L., Paganoni, M., Pedrini, D., Ragazzi, S., Redaelli, N., Tabarelli de Fatis, T., Buontempo, S., Cavallo, N., Di Guida, S., Esposito, M., Fabozzi, F., Iorio, A. O. M., Lanza, G., Lista, L., Meola, S., Merola, M., Paolucci, P., Sciacca, C., Thyssen, F., Bacchetta, N., Bellato, M., Benato, L., Bisello, D., Boletti, A., Carlin, R., Checchia, P., Dall'Osso, M., Dosselli, U., Gasparini, F., Gasparini, U., Gozzelino, A., Lacaprara, S., Margoni, M., Meneguzzo, A. T., Montecassiano, F., Passaseo, M., Pazzini, J., Pegoraro, M., Pozzobon, N., Simonetto, F., Torassa, E., Tosi, M., Vanini, S., Ventura, S., Zanetti, M., Zotto, P., Zucchetta, A., Zumerle, G., Braghieri, A., Magnani, A., Montagna, P., Ratti, S. P., Re, V., Riccardi, C., Salvini, P., Vai, I., Vitulo, P., Alunni Solestizi, L., Biasini, M., Bilei, G. M., Ciangottini, D., Fanò, L., Lariccia, P., Mantovani, G., Menichelli, M., Saha, A., Santocchia, A., Androsov, K., Azzurri, P., Bagliesi, G., Bernardini, J., Boccali, T., Castaldi, R., Ciocci, M. A., Dell'Orso, R., Donato, S., Fedi, G., Foà, L., Giassi, A., Grippo, M. T., Ligabue, F., Lomtadze, T., Martini, L., Messineo, A., Palla, F., Rizzi, A., Savoy-Navarro, A., Serban, A. T., Spagnolo, P., Tenchini, R., Tonelli, G., Venturi, A., Verdini, P. G., Barone, L., Cavallari, F., D'Imperio, G., Del Re, D., Diemoz, M., Gelli, S., Jorda, C., Longo, E., Margaroli, F., Meridiani, P., Organtini, G., Paramatti, R., Preiato, F., Rahatlou, S., Rovelli, C., Santanastasio, F., Traczyk, P., Amapane, N., Arcidiacono, R., Argiro, S., Arneodo, M., Bellan, R., Biino, C., Cartiglia, N., Costa, M., Covarelli, R., Degano, A., Demaria, N., Finco, L., Kiani, B., Mariotti, C., Maselli, S., Migliore, E., Monaco, V., Monteil, E., Obertino, M. M., Pacher, L., Pastrone, N., Pelliccioni, M., Pinna Angioni, G. L., Ravera, F., Romero, A., Ruspa, M., Sacchi, R., Solano, A., Staiano, A., Tamponi, U., Belforte, S., Candelise, V., Casarsa, M., Cossutti, F., Della Ricca, G., Gobbo, B., La Licata, C., Marone, M., Schizzi, A., Zanetti, A., Kropivnitskaya, A., Nam, S. K., Kim, D. H., Kim, G. N., Kim, M. S., Kong, D. J., Lee, S., Y. D., Oh, Sakharov, A., Son, D. C., Brochero Cifuentes, J. A., Kim, H., Kim, T. J., Song, S., Choi, S., Go, Y., Gyun, D., Hong, B., Jo, M., Kim, Y., Lee, B., Lee, K., Lee, K. S., Park, S. K., Roh, Y., Yoo, H. D., Choi, M., Kim, J. H., Lee, J. S. H., Park, I. C., Ryu, G., Ryu, M. S., Choi, Y., Goh, J., Kim, D., Kwon, E., Lee, J., Yu, I., Dudenas, V., Juodagalvis, A., Vaitkus, J., Ahmed, I., Ibrahim, Z. A., Komaragiri, J. R., Ali, M. A. B. Md, Mohamad Idris, F., Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan, Yusli, M. N., Casimiro Linares, E., Castilla-Valdez, H., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., Heredia-De La Cruz, I., Hernandez-Almada, A., Lopez-Fernandez, R., Sanchez-Hernandez, A., Carrillo Moreno, S., Vazquez Valencia, F., Pedraza, I., Salazar Ibarguen, H. A., Morelos Pineda, A., Krofcheck, D., Butler, P. H., Ahmad, A., Hassan, Q., Hoorani, H. R., Khan, W. A., Khurshid, T., Shoaib, M., Bialkowska, H., Bluj, M., Boimska, B., Frueboes, T., Górski, M., Kazana, M., Nawrocki, K., Romanowska-Rybinska, K., Szleper, M., Zalewski, P., Brona, G., Bunkowski, K., Byszuk, A., Doroba, K., Kalinowski, A., Kierzkowski, K., Konecki, M., Krolikowski, J., Misiura, M., Oklinski, W., Olszewski, M., Pozniak, K., Walczak, M., Zabolotny, W., Bargassa, P., Silva, C. Beirão Da Cruz E., Di Francesco, A., Faccioli, P., Ferreira Parracho, P. G., Gallinaro, M., Leonardo, N., Lloret Iglesias, L., Nguyen, F., Rodrigues Antunes, J., Seixas, J., Toldaiev, O., Vadruccio, D., Varela, J., Vischia, P., Afanasiev, S., Bunin, P., Gavrilenko, M., Golutvin, I., Gorbunov, I., Kamenev, A., Karjavin, V., Konoplyanikov, V., Lanev, A., Malakhov, A., Matveev, V., Moisenz, P., Palichik, V., Perelygin, V., Shmatov, S., Shulha, S., Skatchkov, N., Smirnov, V., Zarubin, A., Golovtsov, V., Ivanov, Y., Kim, V., Kuznetsova, E., Levchenko, P., Murzin, V., Oreshkin, V., Smirnov, I., Sulimov, V., Uvarov, L., Vavilov, S., Vorobyev, A., Andreev, Yu., Dermenev, A., Gninenko, S., Golubev, N., Karneyeu, A., Kirsanov, M., Krasnikov, N., Pashenkov, A., Tlisov, D., Toropin, A., Epshteyn, V., Gavrilov, V., Lychkovskaya, N., Popov, V., Pozdnyakov, I., Safronov, G., Spiridonov, A., Vlasov, E., Zhokin, A., Bylinkin, A., Andreev, V., Azarkin, M., Dremin, I., Kirakosyan, M., Leonidov, A., Mesyats, G., Rusakov, S. 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Martinez Ruiz del, Masciovecchio, M., Meister, D., Micheli, F., Musella, P., Nessi-Tedaldi, F., Pandolfi, F., Pata, J., Pauss, F., Perrozzi, L., Quittnat, M., Rossini, M., Starodumov, A., Takahashi, M., Tavolaro, V.R., Theofilatos, K., Wallny, R., Aarrestad, T.K., Amsler, C., Caminada, L., Canelli, M.F., Chiochia, V., Cosa, A. De, Galloni, C., Hinzmann, A., Hreus, T., Kilminster, B., Lange, C., Ngadiuba, J., Pinna, D., Robmann, P., Ronga, F.J., Salerno, D., Yang, Y., Cardaci, M., Chen, K.H., Doan, T.H., Jain, Sh., Khurana, R., Konyushikhin, M., Kuo, C.M., Lin, W., Lu, Y.J., Yu, S.S., Kumar, Arun, Bartek, R., Chang, P., Chang, Y.H., Chang, Y.W., Chao, Y., Chen, K.F., Chen, P.H., Dietz, C., Fiori, F., Grundler, U., Hou, W.-S., Hsiung, Y., Liu, Y.F., Lu, R.-S., Moya, M. 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Seif El, Senkin, S., Smith, D., Smith, V.J., Bell, K.W., Brew, C., Brown, R.M., Cieri, D., Cockerill, D.J.A., Coughlan, J.A., Harder, K., Harper, S., Olaiya, E., Petyt, D., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C.H., Thea, A., Tomalin, I.R., Williams, T., Womersley, W.J., Worm, S.D., Baber, M., Bainbridge, R., Buchmuller, O., Bundock, A., Burton, D., Casasso, S., Citron, M., Colling, D., Corpe, L., Cripps, N., Dauncey, P., Davies, G., Wit, A. De, Negra, M. Della, Dunne, P., Elwood, A., Ferguson, W., Fulcher, J., Futyan, D., Hall, G., Iles, G., Kenzie, M., Lane, R., Lucas, R., Lyons, L., Magnan, A.-M., Malik, S., Nash, J., Nikitenko, A., Pela, J., Pesaresi, M., Petridis, K., Raymond, D.M., Richards, A., Rose, A., Seez, C., Tapper, A., Uchida, K., Acosta, M. 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M., Ghete, V. M., Wulz, C. -E., Wolf, E. A. De, Onsem, G. P. Van, Rios, A. A. Ocampo, Silveira, G. G. Da, Hammad, G. H., Júnior, W. L. Aldá, Alves, F. L., Alves, G. A., Pol, M. E., Costa, E. M. Da, Guativa, L. M. Huerta, Silva, W. L. Prado Da, Manganote, E. J. Tonelli, Bernardes, C. A., Tomei, T. R. Fernandez Perez, Gregores, E. M., Mercadante, P. G., Moon, C. S., Novaes, S. F., Vargas, J. C. Ruiz, Bian, J. G., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Jiang, C. H., Shaheen, S. M., Qian, S. J., Sierra, L. F. Chaparro, Gomez, J. P., Sanabria, J. C., Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro, Razis, P. A., Jr., M. Finger, Mahmoud, M. A., Faure, J. L., Naranjo, I. N., Sauvan, J. B., Agram, J. -L., Brom, J. -M., Chabert, E. C., Fontaine, J. -C., Bihan, A. -C. Le, Merlin, J. A., Montoya, C. A. Carrillo, Laktineh, I. B., Pequegnot, A. L., Alvarez, J. D. Ruiz, Kiesel, M. K., Schulte, J. F., Nugent, I. M., Bell, A. J., Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A., Meyer, A. B., Sahin, M. Ö., Trippkewitz, K. D., Draeger, A. R., Höing, R. S., Heindl, S. M., Mozer, M. U., Simonis, H. J., Stober, F. M., Giakoumopoulou, V. A., Zsigmond, A. J., Trocsanyi, Z. L., Sahoo, D. K., Swain, S. K., Beri, S. B., Kalsi, A. K., Singh, J. B., Choudhary, B. C., Garg, R. B., Mohanty, A. K., Pant, L. M., Chatterjee, R. M., Dewanjee, R. K., Mohanty, G. B., Etesami, S. M., Benvenuti, A. C., Cavallo, F. R., Chhibra, S. S., Dallavalle, G. M., Navarria, F. L., Rossi, A. M., Siroli, G. P., Monge, M. R., Dinardo, M. E., Manzoni, R. A., Iorio, A. O. M., Ratti, S. P., Bilei, G. M., Ciocci, M. A., Grippo, M. T., Serban, A. T., Verdini, P. G., Obertino, M. M., Angioni, G. L. Pinna, Nam, S. K., Kim, D. H., Kim, G. N., Kim, M. S., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Son, D. C., Cifuentes, J. A. Brochero, Kim, T. J., Lee, K. S., Park, S. K., Yoo, H. D., Kim, J. H., Lee, J. S. H., Park, I. C., Ryu, M. S., Ibrahim, Z. A., Komaragiri, J. R., Ali, M. A. B. Md, Abdullah, W. A. T. Wan, Yusli, M. N., Ibarguen, H. A. Salazar, Butler, P. H., Hoorani, H. R., Khan, W. A., Parracho, P. G. Ferreira, Rusakov, S. V., Ramos, J. P. Fernández, Fouz, M. C., Hernandez, J. M., Josa, M. I., Soares, M. S., de Trocóniz, J. F., Garcia, J. M. Vizan, Cabrillo, I. J., Saa, J. R. Castiñeiras De, Sanchez, F. J. Munoz, Rodríguez-Marrero, A. Y., Ball, A. H., Benitez, J. F., Berruti, G. M., Kortelainen, M. J., Lucchini, M. T., Nemallapudi, M. V., Veres, G. I., Wöhri, H. K., Zeuner, W. D., Kaestli, H. C., Tavolaro, V. R., Aarrestad, T. K., Canelli, M. F., Ronga, F. J., Chen, K. H., Doan, T. H., Kuo, C. M., Lu, Y. J., Yu, S. S., Chang, Y. H., Chang, Y. W., Chen, K. F., Chen, P. H., Hou, W. -S., Liu, Y. F., Lu, R. -S., Tsai, J. f., Tzeng, Y. M., Demiroglu, Z. S., Kangal, E. E., Akin, I. V., Albayrak, E. A., Vardarli, F. I., Brooke, J. J., Heath, G. P., Heath, H. F., Newbold, D. M., Smith, V. J., Bell, K. W., Brown, R. M., Cockerill, D. J. A., Coughlan, J. A., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H., Tomalin, I. R., Womersley, W. J., Worm, S. D., Magnan, A. -M., Raymond, D. M., Zenz, S. C., Cole, J. E., Hobson, P. R., Reid, I. D., Cooper, S. I., Cox, P. T., Gary, J. W., Long, O. R., Branson, J. G., Cerati, G. B., D'Agnolo, R. T., Mullin, S. D., Newman, H. B., Vlimant, J. R., Zhu, R. Y., Andrews, M. B., Cumalat, J. P., Ford, W. T., Wagner, S. R., Patterson, J. R., Tan, S. M., Teo, W. D., Bauerdick, L. A. T., Bhat, P. C., Butler, J. N., Cheung, H. W. K., Elvira, V. D., Harris, R. M., Jung, A. W., Marraffino, J. M., Outschoorn, V. I. Martinez, Spalding, W. J., Tran, N. V., Vaandering, E. W., Weber, H. A., Giovanni, G. P. Di, Field, R. D., Furic, I. K., Low, J. F., Rodriguez, J. L., Adams, J. R., Johnson, K. F., Baarmand, M. M., Adams, M. R., Betts, R. R., Gerber, C. E., Hofman, D. J., Gonzalez, I. D. Sandoval, Gandrajula, R. P., Merlo, J. -P., Barnett, B. A., Gritsan, A. V., Iii, R. P. Kenny, Saini, L. K., Eno, S. C., Gomez, J. A., Hadley, N. J., Kellogg, R. G., Mignerey, A. C., Shin, Y. H., Tonjes, M. B., Tonwar, S. C., Cali, I. A., Innocenti, G. M., Lai, Y. S., Lee, Y. -J., Luckey, P. D., Marini, A. C., Stephans, G. S. F., Wang, T. W., Kao, S. C., Acosta, J. G., Claes, D. R., Siado, J. E., Snow, G. R., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Zurich, Candelise, Vieri, DELLA RICCA, Giuseppe, LA LICATA, Chiara, Marone, Matteo, Schizzi, Andrea, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Karapınar, Güler, Izmir Institute of Technology. Mathematics, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CMS Collaboration (ukupan broj autora: 2306), and CMS Collaboration
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7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,transverse momentum [jet] ,rapidity dependence ,energy resolution: measured ,scattering [p p] ,Nuclear Experiment ,Instruments & Instrumentation ,Large detector-systems performance ,8000 GeV-cms ,Large Hadron Collider ,Luminosity (scattering theory) ,Physics ,jet: flavor ,measured [energy resolution] ,Monte Carlo [numerical calculations] ,dijet ,calibration [energy] ,CERN LHC Coll ,technology ,Physique des particules élémentaires ,PARTICLE PHYSICS ,ddc:620 ,HADRON-COLLISIONS ,colliding beams [p p] ,numerical calculations: Monte Carlo ,p p: scattering ,Scale (ratio) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,education ,10192 Physics Institute ,114 Physical sciences ,Nuclear physics ,phase space ,High Energy Physics ,010306 general physics ,Engineering & allied operations ,Science & Technology ,LARGE HADRON COLLIDER ,CMS ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,energy [jet] ,energy: calibration ,LHC , CMS, JET ENERGY SCALE ,Z0: associated production ,photon: associated production ,Performance of High Energy Physics ,Phase space ,correlation ,Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors ,p p: colliding beams ,Technology ,Photon ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTERSYSTEMIMPLEMENTATION ,Jet energy ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Detectors ,HERWIG PLUS ,ALGORITHM ,Hadron ,jet: transverse momentum ,transverse momentum dependence ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,benchmark ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,associated production [Z0] ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,Jet (fluid) ,Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale ,flavor [jet] ,Nuclear & Particles Physics ,Pseudorapidity ,associated production [photon] ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,LHC ,Particle Physics - Experiment ,Particle physics ,topology ,530 Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,CMS collaboration ,large detector-system performance ,jet physics ,0103 physical sciences ,jet: energy ,ddc:610 ,2610 Mathematical Physics ,instruments & instrumentation ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,3105 Instrumentation ,high energy physics ,experimental particle physics ,standard model ,Physics and Astronomy ,pile-up ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,experimental results - Abstract
Improved jet energy scale corrections, based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb-1 collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, are presented. The corrections as a function of pseudorapidity and transverse momentum pT are extracted from data and simulated events combining several channels and methods. They account successively for the effects of pileup, uniformity of the detector response, and residual data-simulation jet energy scale differences. Further corrections, depending on the jet flavor and distance parameter (jet size) R, are also presented. The jet energy resolution is measured in data and simulated events and is studied as a function of pileup, jet size, and jet flavor. Typical jet energy resolutions at the central rapidities are 15-20% at 30 GeV, about 10% at 100 GeV, and 5% at 1 TeV. The studies exploit events with dijet topology, as well as photon+jet, Z+jet and multijet events. Several new techniques are used to account for the various sources of jet energy scale corrections, and a full set of uncertainties, and their correlations, are provided.The final uncertainties on the jet energy scale are below 3% across the phase space considered by most analyses (pT > 30 GeV and [η] < 5:0). In the barrel region ([η] < 1:3) an uncertainty below 1% for pT > 30 GeV is reached, when excluding the jet flavor uncertainties, which are provided separately for different jet flavors. A new benchmark for jet energy scale determination at hadron colliders is achieved with 0.32% uncertainty for jets with pT of the order of 165-330 GeV, and [η] < 0:8., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
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- 2017
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206. Fast iterative reconstruction of data in full interior tomography
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Filippo Arcadu, Federica Marone, Marco Stampanoni, University of Zurich, and Arcadu, Filippo
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Reconstruction artifacts ,Computer science ,Iterative method ,X-ray tomographic microscopy ,Interior tomography ,Iterative tomographic reconstruction ,Gridding method ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Field of view ,610 Medicine & health ,02 engineering and technology ,Iterative reconstruction ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,170 Ethics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optics ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation ,Radiation ,Tomographic reconstruction ,business.industry ,Attenuation ,3105 Instrumentation ,Object (computer science) ,3108 Radiation ,Orders of magnitude (time) ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Tomography ,business ,Algorithm - Abstract
Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 24 (1), ISSN:0909-0495, ISSN:1600-5775
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- 2017
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207. Scientific data exchange: a schema for HDF5-based storage of raw and analyzed data
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Suresh Narayanan, Dilworth Y. Parkinson, Faisal Khan, Matthew Newville, Stefan Vogt, Young-Pyo Hong, Sophie-Charlotte Gleber, Tony Lanzirotti, David Vine, Mark L. Rivers, Nicholas Schwarz, Chris Jacobsen, Federica Marone, Yue Sun, Dogˇa Gürsoy, Francesco De Carlo, University of Zurich, and De Carlo, Francesco
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Radiation ,business.industry ,Computer science ,3105 Instrumentation ,610 Medicine & health ,computer.file_format ,Hierarchical Data Format ,computer.software_genre ,170 Ethics ,3108 Radiation ,Data exchange ,Schema (psychology) ,Computer data storage ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,Data mining ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Analysis tools ,business ,Instrumentation ,computer ,Fluorescence tomography - Abstract
Data Exchange is a simple data model designed to interface, or `exchange', data among different instruments, and to enable sharing of data analysis tools. Data Exchange focuses on technique rather than instrument descriptions, and on provenance tracking of analysis steps and results. In this paper the successful application of the Data Exchange model to a variety of X-ray techniques, including tomography, fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence tomography and photon correlation spectroscopy, is described.
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- 2014
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208. Multi-pore carbon phase plate for phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy
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Sannomiya, Takumi, Junesch, Juliane, Hosokawa, Fumio, Nagayama, Kuniaki, Arai, Yoshihiro, Kayama, Yoko, University of Zurich, and Sannomiya, Takumi
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Materials science ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Phase (waves) ,2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,610 Medicine & health ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Amorphous solid ,170 Ethics ,Colloid ,Optics ,Membrane ,Transmission electron microscopy ,Microscopy ,Deposition (phase transition) ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,Composite material ,business ,Instrumentation ,Phase modulation - Abstract
A new fabrication method of carbon based phase plates for phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy is presented. This method utilizes colloidal masks to produce pores as well as disks on thin carbon membranes for phase modulation. Since no serial process is involved, carbon phase plate membranes containing hundreds of pores can be mass-produced on a large scale, which allows "disposal" of contaminated or degraded phase modulating objects after use. Due to the spherical shape of the mask colloid particles, the produced pores are perfectly circular. The pore size and distribution can be easily tuned by the mask colloid size and deposition condition. By using the stencil method, disk type phase plates can also be fabricated on a pore type phase plate. Both pore and disk type phase plates were tested by measuring amorphous samples and confirmed to convert the sinus phase contrast transfer function to the cosine shape.
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- 2014
209. Study of the correlation of IVIM parameter maps with FDG PET
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Gaspar Delso, Patrick Veit-Haibach, Sangwoo Lee, Miguel Porto, Martin Hüllner, University of Zurich, and Delso, Gaspar
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Data validation ,610 Medicine & health ,10181 Clinic for Nuclear Medicine ,computer.software_genre ,Least squares ,Iteratively reweighted least squares ,Correlation ,Voxel ,Outlier ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Instrumentation ,computer ,Intravoxel incoherent motion ,Parametric statistics - Abstract
Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is a magnetic resonance technique to quantify the influence of microscopic perfusion-related motion and differentiate it from pure molecular diffusion. IVIM has the potential to provide valuable clinical information about microcirculation in the capillary network of healthy tissues as well as malignant tumors. Our goal was to study the correlation of IVIM parameter maps with concurrent FDG-PET data, in view of their potential use in clinical PET/MR protocols. Methods Data were acquired from ten oncology patients using a tri-modality setup and fitted with a bi-exponential model. The fitting was first solved in the least squares sense and then again using iteratively reweighted least squares. The resulting parameter maps were compared with PET FDG data by an experienced radiologist. Results Among the pathologies encountered in our patient population were lesions of the liver, spleen, kidney, abdominal wall, prostate and cervix. The qualitative comparison with PET confirmed that IVIM maps provide complementary information about functional inhomogeneity within the tumor. Visual inspection by experienced radiologists showed improved reading of tumor heterogeneity in six of our ten patients when considering FDG uptake together with perfusion fraction maps. The use of a large set of b values was instrumental for data validation and outlier rejection. Robust fitting was shown to increase the accuracy of the fit in 70% of the voxels, leading to average changes of IVIM parametric maps: perfusion fraction f∈ [3.9×10 –3 , 4.7×10 −2 ], diffusion coefficient D ∈ [−1.2×10 −4 , −3.0×10 −6 ] and pseudo-diffusion coefficient D * ∈ [−1.6×10 −1 , −9.2×10 −3 ]. Conclusions The results suggest that IVIM imaging could be successfully integrated in clinical PET/MR protocols. Clinical validation shows the complementarity of obtained parameter maps with concurrent FDG PET data. Ongoing work is aimed at determining the optimal acquisition protocol depending on the motion properties of the target area.
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- 2014
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210. Environmentally friendly room temperature synthesis and humidity sensing applications of nanostructured Bi2O2CO3
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Min Sheng, Ying Zhou, Yuanhua Lin, Qian Zhang, Hongfei Liu, Haiyue Wang, Ziyan Zhao, Greta R. Patzke, University of Zurich, and Zhou, Y
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10120 Department of Chemistry ,3104 Condensed Matter Physics ,Materials science ,Orders of magnitude (temperature) ,Scanning electron microscope ,2506 Metals and Alloys ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Capacitance ,Soft chemistry ,540 Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Relative humidity ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,2505 Materials Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2508 Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Metals and Alloys ,2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Humidity ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Hysteresis ,Chemical engineering ,13. Climate action ,Transmission electron microscopy ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 nanosheets with exposed {0 0 1} facets were obtained from the straightforward and economic room temperature conversion of commercial Bi 2 O 3 with CO 2 as atmospheric carbon source. The growth process of Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 was investigated with a variety of analytical methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (BiO) 4 CO 3 (OH) 2 was identified as an intermediate during the transformation of bulk Bi 2 O 3 into Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 nanosheets. The humidity sensing tests indicated high sensitivities with impedance changes of 4 orders and capacitance changes of 3 orders of magnitude over a relative humidity (RH) range from 11 to 95%. Moreover, the humidity sensor based on Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 nanosheets revealed a narrow humidity hysteresis, rapid response and recovery time with good reproducibility. These results demonstrated that Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 is a promising humidity sensing material for environmental monitoring and humidity control.
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- 2013
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211. A Laboratory Goniometer System for Measuring Reflectance and Emittance Anisotropy
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Michael E. Schaepman, Arjan de Jong, Henk Jalink, P.P.J. Roosjen, Harm Bartholomeus, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Rob Van Der Schoor, Jan G. P. W. Clevers, and University of Zurich
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1303 Biochemistry ,Earth, Planet ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing ,Aardobservatie en omgevingsinformatica ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,brdf ,910 Geography & travel ,Anisotropy ,Instrumentation ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,reflectance anisotropy ,BRDF ,emittance anisotropy ,laboratory goniometer ,biophysical parameter retrieval ,acquisition ,Robotics ,PE&RC ,field ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,10122 Institute of Geography ,Goniometer ,bidirectional reflectance ,GTB Tuinbouw Technologie ,590 Animals (Zoology) ,Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer ,Robotic arm ,Earth Observation and Environmental Informatics ,Climatic Processes ,Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation ,Article ,10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies ,Optics ,vegetation ,Thermal ,Humans ,surface ,Thermal emittance ,Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,radiance data ,algorithm ,model ,Spectrometer ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Horizontal plane ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Bidirectional reflectance distribution function ,business ,albedo - Abstract
In this paper, a laboratory goniometer system for performing multi-angular measurements under controlled illumination conditions is described. A commercially available robotic arm enables the acquisition of a large number of measurements over the full hemisphere within a short time span making it much faster than other goniometers. In addition, the presented set-up enables assessment of anisotropic reflectance and emittance behaviour of soils, leaves and small canopies. Mounting a spectrometer enables acquisition of either hemispherical measurements or measurements in the horizontal plane. Mounting a thermal camera allows directional observations of the thermal emittance. This paper also presents three showcases of these different measurement set-ups in order to illustrate its possibilities. Finally, suggestions for applying this instrument and for future research directions are given, including linking the measured reflectance anisotropy with physically-based anisotropy models on the one hand and combining them with field goniometry measurements for joint analysis with remote sensing data on the other hand. The speed and flexibility of the system offer a large added value to the existing pool of laboratory goniometers.
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- 2012
212. Automatic Gain Control of Ultra-Low Leakage Synaptic Scaling Homeostatic Plasticity Circuits
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Chiara Bartolozzi, Ning Qiao, Giacomo Indiveri, and University of Zurich
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Operating point ,Synaptic scaling ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,3105 Instrumentation ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Computer Science - Emerging Technologies ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Emerging Technologies (cs.ET) ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuromorphic engineering ,CMOS ,Homeostatic plasticity ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,Automatic gain control ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Electronic circuit ,Leakage (electronics) ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Abstract
Homeostatic plasticity is a stabilizing mechanism that allows neural systems to maintain their activity around a functional operating point. This is an extremely useful mechanism for neuromorphic computing systems, as it can be used to compensate for chronic shifts, for example due to changes in the network structure. However, it is important that this plasticity mechanism operates on time scales that are much longer than conventional synaptic plasticity ones, in order to not interfere with the learning process. In this paper we present a novel ultra-low leakage cell and an automatic gain control scheme that can adapt the gain of analog log-domain synapse circuits over extremely long time scales. To validate the proposed scheme, we implemented the ultra-low leakage cell in a standard 180 nm Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) process, and integrated it in an array of dynamic synapses connected to an adaptive integrate and fire neuron. We describe the circuit and demonstrate how it can be configured to scale the gain of all synapses afferent to the silicon neuron in a way to keep the neuron's average firing rate constant around a set operating point. The circuit occupies a silicon area of 84 {\mu}m x 22 {\mu}m and consumes approximately 10.8 nW with a 1.8 V supply voltage. It exhibits time constants of up to 25 kilo-seconds, thanks to a controllable leakage current that can be scaled down to 1.2 atto-Amps (7.5 electrons/s)., Comment: 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1709.05633
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- 2016
213. Scaling mixed-signal neuromorphic processors to 28 nm FD-SOI technologies
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Giacomo Indiveri, Ning Qiao, and University of Zurich
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer science ,Monte Carlo method ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,Computer Science - Emerging Technologies ,Silicon on insulator ,Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics ,Electronic circuit ,Leakage (electronics) ,010302 applied physics ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,3105 Instrumentation ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Mixed-signal integrated circuit ,Resistive random-access memory ,Emerging Technologies (cs.ET) ,Neuromorphic engineering ,Asynchronous communication ,570 Life sciences ,biology - Abstract
As processes continue to scale aggressively, the design of deep sub-micron, mixed-signal design is becoming more and more challenging. In this paper we present an analysis of scaling multi-core mixed-signal neuromorphic processors to advanced 28 nm FD-SOI nodes. We address analog design issues which arise from the use of advanced process, including the problem of large leakage currents and device mismatch, and asynchronous digital design issues. We present the outcome of Monte Carlo Analysis and circuit simulations of neuromorphic sub threshold analog/digital neuron circuits which reproduce biologically plausible responses. We describe the AER used to implement PCHB based asynchronous QDI routing processes in multi-core neuromorphic architectures and validate their operation via circuit simulation results. Finally we describe the implementation of custom 28 nm CAM based memory resources utilized in these multi-core neuromorphic processor and discuss the possibility of increasing density by using advanced RRAM devices integrated in the 28 nm Fully-Depleted Silicon on Insulator (FD-SOI) process., 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)
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- 2016
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214. An auto-scaling wide dynamic range current to frequency converter for real-time monitoring of signals in neuromorphic systems
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Ning Qiao, Giacomo Indiveri, and University of Zurich
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Frequency response ,Engineering ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,Computer Science - Emerging Technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Signal ,Computer Science::Emerging Technologies ,Wide dynamic range ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics ,Electronic circuit ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,business.industry ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,3105 Instrumentation ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Electrical engineering ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,Chip ,Emerging Technologies (cs.ET) ,Neuromorphic engineering ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,business ,Sensitivity (electronics) ,Asynchronous circuit - Abstract
Neuromorphic systems typically employ current-mode circuits that model neural dynamics and produce output currents that range from few pico-Amperes to hundreds of micro-Amperes. On-line real-time monitoring of the signals produced by these circuits is crucial, for prototyping and debugging purposes, as well as for analyzing and understanding the network dynamics and computational properties. To this end, we propose a compact on-chip auto-scaling Current to Frequency Converter (CFC) for real-time monitoring of analog currents in mixed-signal/analog neuromorphic electronic systems. The proposed CFC is a self-timed asynchronous circuit that has a wide dynamic input range of up to 6 decades, ranging from pico-Amps to micro-Amps, with high current measurement sensitivity. To produce a linear output frequency response, while properly covering the wide dynamic input range, the circuit automatically detects the scale of the input current and adjusts the scale of its output firing rate accordingly. Here we describe the proposed circuit and present experimental results measured from multiple instances of the circuit, implemented using a standard 180 nm CMOS process, and interfaced to silicon neuron and synapse circuits for real-time current monitoring. We demonstrate how the circuit is suitable for measuring neural dynamics by showing the converted response properties of the chip silicon neurons and synapses as they are stimulated by input spikes., 2016 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)
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- 2016
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215. GMTI in Circular Sar Data Using STAP
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Emiliano Casalini, Erich Meier, Daniel Henke, and University of Zurich
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Synthetic aperture radar ,Engineering ,business.industry ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,3105 Instrumentation ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Moving target indication ,Object detection ,Space-time adaptive processing ,symbols.namesake ,10122 Institute of Geography ,Ask price ,1705 Computer Networks and Communications ,3102 Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,symbols ,Clutter ,1711 Signal Processing ,Phase center ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,910 Geography & travel ,business ,Algorithm ,Doppler effect - Abstract
Nowadays, SAR-GMTI is becoming increasingly important since acquiring knowledge about moving objects and simultaneously imaging the area of interest has considerable advantages for both civil and non-civil applications. Monitoring and counting vehicles on highways or detecting non-cooperative moving targets on ground may demand different performances but they do ask for a common core processing. In the past decades several solutions have been proposed in order to design a SAR system with GMTI capabilites. A simple taxonomy is based upon the number of receiving channels. Therefore, we may divide these systems into two groups: single-channel systems and multi-channel systems. The first ones are SAR systems with a single receiving antenna connected to a single receiver. They were initially proposed since generating multi-channel data was not feasible in terms of processing burden, hardware complexity and costs. Viceversa, most recent state-of-the-art methods for SAR-GMTI such as ATI [1], Displaced Phase Center Array (DPCA) [2] and STAP [3-4] rely on multi-channel data. DPCA and STAP-based techniques make use of multiple receiving channels to suppress the signal back-scattered by stationary targets (clutter), thus making the detection of small slow moving targets easier. More specifically, STAP processes the pulses collected by M antenna elements at N pulse repetition intervals (PRI). These space-time samples are then combined in such a way that the output signal-to-interference-pluse-noise-ratio (SINR) is maximized. Such a processing defines a 2-D filter which increases detection rates with respect to any 1-D space or time filter. Unfortunately, the main drawback of STAP is its computational burden which is a function of the N spatial degrees-of-freedom and M temporal degrees-of-freedom (DOFs). Sub-optimal STAP configurations were then designed in order to limit the overall number of spatial and temporal DOFs and make STAP suitable for real life applications [3-4]. While SAR-STAP was mainly applied to linear flight patterns [5], less attention was placed on the advantages of circular SAR data. The circular acquisition geometry used in this paper yields an extended illumination time which leads to longer moving object detection times. Furthermore, a more detailed analysis of STAP detection capabilities under a changing illumination geometry becomes feasible given a circular flight pattern. This allows the validation of STAP detection capability with respect to the aforementioned criteria. Additionally, a comparison with SC/ATI combined detections was conducted demonstrating that STAP can contribute to a better detection capability especially for small RCS objects. Initial results show an increase from 30% using SC/ATI to 80% with STAP. In Section II-A we briefly introduce the test site, then we describe the F-SAR sensor and list its specifications. In Sections II-(B-E) each single stage of the processing chain is described in detail. Section II-F outlines the validation method while section III analyses and evaluates the achieved results. Finally, in Section IV we summarize the overall results and suggest potential future investigations.
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- 2016
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216. The upstream tracker for the LHCb upgrade
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Olaf Steinkamp, University of Zurich, and Steinkamp, Olaf
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,530 Physics ,10192 Physics Institute ,Tracking (particle physics) ,01 natural sciences ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Nuclear physics ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dipole magnet ,0103 physical sciences ,Upstream (networking) ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Radiation hardening ,Instrumentation ,Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Detector ,Talk ,Upgrade ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,business ,Computer hardware - Abstract
The LHCb collaboration is planning a comprehensive upgrade of the experiment for the long shutdown of the LHC in 2019/20. As part of this upgrade, the tracking station in front of the LHCb dipole magnet will be replaced by a new planar four-layer silicon micro-strip detector with 40 MHz readout and silicon sensors with finer granularity and improved radiation hardness. Key design aspects of this new Upstream Tracker are described and a brief overview of the status of the project is given.
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- 2016
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217. An overview of CEST MRI for non-MR physicists
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Geoffrey Warnock, Daniel Nanz, R. Tuura, M. Chen, C. Lin, L. Mu, B. Wu, Moritz Zaiss, Z. Zhou, Gaspar Delso, University of Zurich, and Delso, G
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Computer science ,Cest mri ,Biomedical Engineering ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,610 Medicine & health ,Review ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Research community ,medicine ,2741 Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Instrumentation ,Radiation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,10042 Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,10181 Clinic for Nuclear Medicine ,Mr imaging ,3108 Radiation ,10036 Medical Clinic ,Saturation transfer ,Positron emission tomography ,Molecular imaging ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The search for novel image contrasts has been a major driving force in the magnetic resonance (MR) research community, in order to gain further information on the body’s physiological and pathological conditions. Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is a novel MR technique that enables imaging certain compounds at concentrations that are too low to impact the contrast of standard MR imaging and too low to directly be detected in MRS at typical water imaging resolution. For this to be possible, the target compound must be capable of exchanging protons with the surrounding water molecules. This property can be exploited to cause a continuous buildup of magnetic saturation of water, leading to greatly enhanced sensitivity. The goal of the present review is to introduce the basic principles of CEST imaging to the general molecular imaging community. Special focus has been given to the comparison of state-of-the-art CEST methods reported in the literature with their positron emission tomography (PET) counterparts.
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- 2016
218. 2016 IEEE GRSS data fusion contest: very high temporal resolution from space technical committees
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Bertrand Le Saux, Devis Tuia, Gabriele Moser, and University of Zurich
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General Computer Science ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Space (commercial competition) ,CONTEST ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,International Space Station ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Computer Science (all) ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (all) ,Instrumentation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Technical committee ,Computer vision ,1700 General Computer Science ,0101 mathematics ,910 Geography & travel ,Remote sensing ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,1900 General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,020207 software engineering ,Sensor fusion ,010101 applied mathematics ,10122 Institute of Geography ,13. Climate action ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,High temporal resolution ,Artificial intelligence ,business - Abstract
The 2016 Data Fusion Contest, organized by the Image Analysis and Data Fusion Technical Committee (IADF TC) of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS), aims at providing a challenging image analysis opportunity including multitemporal, multiresolution, and multisensor fusion. The 2016 contest involves two data modalities acquired over the city of Vancouver, Canada (49?15?N 123?6?W): a very high-resolution multitemporal sequence and an ultrahigh definition (UHD) video from space acquired from the International Space Station (ISS). The data were acquired and provided by Deimos Imaging and UrtheCast (Figure 1).
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- 2016
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219. A new algorithm for identifying the flavour of B0s mesons at LHCb
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LHCb Collaboration, Bernet, R, Müller, K, Steinkamp, O, Straumann, U, Vollhardt, A, et al, and University of Zurich
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530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2016
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220. Design and implementation of a micron-sized electron column fabricated by focused ion beam milling
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Flavio Wicki, Jean-Nicolas Longchamp, Hans-Werner Fink, Conrad Escher, University of Zurich, and Wicki, Flavio
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Materials science ,530 Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Electron ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,10192 Physics Institute ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Kinetic energy ,01 natural sciences ,Focused ion beam ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,0103 physical sciences ,Instrumentation ,Scaling ,010302 applied physics ,Wavefront ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Lens (optics) ,Optical axis ,Electron optics ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
We have designed, fabricated and tested a micron-sized electron column with an overall length of about 700 microns comprising two electron lenses; a micro-lens with a minimal bore of 1 micron followed by a second lens with a bore of up to 50 microns in diameter to shape a coherent low-energy electron wave front. The design criteria follow the notion of scaling down source size, lens-dimensions and kinetic electron energy for minimizing spherical aberrations to ensure a parallel coherent electron wave front. All lens apertures have been milled employing a focused ion beam and could thus be precisely aligned within a tolerance of about 300 nm from the optical axis. Experimentally, the final column shapes a quasi-planar wave front with a minimal full divergence angle of 4 mrad and electron energies as low as 100 eV.
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- 2016
221. Reconstruction and identification of $τ$ lepton decays to hadrons and ν$_τ$ at CMS
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CMS Collaboration, Canelli, F, Chiochia, V, Kilminster, B, Robmann, P, et al, and University of Zurich
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Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2016
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222. Dose rate effects in the radiation damage of the plastic scintillators of the CMS Hadron Endcap Calorimeter
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CMS Collaboration, Canelli, Maria Florencia, Kilminster, Benjamin, Aarrestad, Thea K, Brzhechko, Danyyl, Caminada, Lea, de Cosa, Annapaoloa, Del Burgo, Riccardo, Donato, Silvio, Galloni, Camilla, Hreus, Tomas, Leontsinis, Stefanos, Mikuni, Vinicius Massami, Neutelings, Izaak, Rauco, Giorgia, Robmann, Peter, Salerno, Daniel, Schweiger, Korbinian, Seitz, Claudia, Takahashi, Yuta, Wertz, Sebastien, Zucchetta, Alberto, et al, and University of Zurich
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530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2016
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223. Single-molecule DNA hybridisation studied by using a modified DNA sequencer: a comparison with surface plasmon resonance data
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Hubert Rehrauer, Ralph Schlapbach, Jonas Korlach, Andrea Patrignani, Jens Sobek, Stephan Landgraf, Stefan Schauer, David Fischer, and University of Zurich
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0301 basic medicine ,Analytical chemistry ,1607 Spectroscopy ,610 Medicine & health ,10071 Functional Genomics Center Zurich ,02 engineering and technology ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Dissociation (chemistry) ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Reaction rate constant ,General Materials Science ,Cyanine ,Surface plasmon resonance ,Instrumentation ,Spectroscopy ,Oligonucleotide ,3105 Instrumentation ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Fluorescence ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,2500 General Materials Science ,DNA sequencer ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,0210 nano-technology ,Oligomer restriction - Abstract
Current methods for the determination of molecular interactions are widely used in the analytical sciences. To identify new methods, we investigated as a model system the hybridisation of a short 7 nt oligonucleotide labelled with, structurally, very similar cyanine dyes CY3 and DY-547, respectively, to a 34 nt oligonucleotide probe immobilised in a zero-mode waveguide (ZMW) nanostructure. Using a modified commercial off-the-shelf DNA sequencer, we established the principles to measure biomolecular interactions at the single-molecule level. Kinetic data were obtained from trains of fluorescence pulses, allowing the calculation of association and dissociation rate constants (k on, k off). For the 7mer labelled with the positively charged CY3 dye, k on and k off are ~3 larger and ~2 times smaller, respectively, compared with the oligonucleotide labelled with negatively charged DY-547 dye. The effect of neighbouring molecules lacking the 7nt binding sequence on single-molecule rate constants is small. The association rate constants is reduced by only 20–35%. Hybrid dissociation is not affected, since as a consequence of the experimental design, rebinding cannot take place. Results of single-molecule experiments were compared with data obtained from surface plasmon resonance (SPR) performed under comparable conditions. A good correlation for the association rate constants within a factor of 1.5 was found. Dissociation rate constants are smaller by a factor of 2–3 which we interpreted as a result of rebinding to neighbouring probes. Results of SPR measurements tend to systematically underestimate dissociation rate constants. The amount of this deviation depends on the association rate constant and the surface probe density. As a consequence, it is recommended to work at low probe densities to keep this effect small.
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- 2016
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224. Results of the engineering run of the Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Interaction Experiment (CONNIE)
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Aguilar-Arevalo, A, et al, and University of Zurich
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530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2016
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225. Study of the production of Λ0b and B⎯⎯⎯0 hadrons in pp collisions and first measurement of the Λ0b→J/ψpK− branching fraction
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LHCb Collaboration, Bernet, R, Müller, K, Steinkamp, O, Straumann, U, Vollhardt, A, et al, and University of Zurich
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Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,3103 Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,10192 Physics Institute ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation - Published
- 2016
226. Introduction of an angle interrogated, MEMS-based, optical waveguide grating system for label-free biosensing
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Stephane Follonier, Noe Tscharner, Sarah Heub, Thomas E. Gartmann, Gerhard Etlinger, Florian Kehl, University of Zurich, and Kehl, Florian
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Label free biosensing ,Materials science ,3104 Condensed Matter Physics ,2506 Metals and Alloys ,610 Medicine & health ,02 engineering and technology ,Grating ,01 natural sciences ,Multiplexing ,170 Ethics ,Optics ,Materials Chemistry ,Fluidics ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,Electronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,2505 Materials Chemistry ,Microelectromechanical systems ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,2508 Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Wavelength ,Optoelectronics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Sensitivity (electronics) - Abstract
The presented label-free optical biosensor system relies on a MEMS micro-mirror to interrogate waveguide grating regions at a high repetition rate in the kHz range by scanning the angle of the incident coherent light. The angle-tunable MEMS mirror permits an extended scanning range and offers the flexibility to measure at various wavelengths and optical powers – an interesting feature for an enhanced surface-to-bulk sensitivity ratio and extended, multiplexed sensor arrays. An excellent refractometric sensitivity with a limit of detection towards effective refractive index changes of Δneff 150 kDa) and small (
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- 2016
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227. Trapping in proton irradiated p++-n-n++ silicon sensors at fluences anticipated at the HL-LHC outer tracker
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CMS Collaboration, et al, Canelli, F, Chiochia, V, Kilminster, B, Robmann, P, and University of Zurich
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530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2016
228. A comparative study of X-ray tomographic microscopy on shales at different synchrotron facilities: ALS, APS and SLS
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Marco Stampanoni, Alastair A. MacDowell, Waruntorn Kanitpanyacharoen, Francesco De Carlo, Rajmund Mokso, Hans-Rudolf Wenk, Dilworth Y. Parkinson, Federica Marone, and University of Zurich
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,porosity ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,microstructure ,Synchrotron radiation ,Mineralogy ,Advanced Photon Source ,610 Medicine & health ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,shale ,170 Ethics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Microscopy ,Kerogen ,X-ray tomographic microscopy ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Porosity ,Instrumentation ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Radiation ,Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Research Papers ,Grain size ,Synchrotron ,3108 Radiation ,Shale ,Microstructure ,Swiss Light Source - Abstract
Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) was used to characterize the three-dimensional microstructure, geometry and distribution of different phases in two shale samples obtained from the North Sea (sample N1) and the Upper Barnett Formation in Texas (sample B1). Shale is a challenging material because of its multiphase composition, small grain size, low but significant amount of porosity, as well as strong shape- and lattice-preferred orientation. The goals of this round-robin project were to (i) characterize microstructures and porosity on the micrometer scale, (ii) compare results measured at three synchrotron facilities, and (iii) identify optimal experimental conditions of high-resolution SRXTM for fine-grained materials. SRXTM data of these shales were acquired under similar conditions at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA, the Advanced Photon Source (APS) of Argonne National Laboratory, USA, and the Swiss Light Source (SLS) of the Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland. The data reconstruction of all datasets was handled under the same procedures in order to compare the data quality and determine phase proportions and microstructures. With a 10× objective lens the spatial resolution is approximately 2 µm. The sharpness of phase boundaries in the reconstructed data collected from the APS and SLS was comparable and slightly more refined than in the data obtained from the ALS. Important internal features, such as pyrite (high-absorbing), and low-density features, including pores, fractures and organic matter or kerogen (low-absorbing), were adequately segmented on the same basis. The average volume fractions of low-density features for sample N1 and B1 were estimated at 6.3 (6)% and 4.5 (4)%, while those of pyrite were calculated to be 5.6 (6)% and 2.0 (3)%, respectively. The discrepancy of data quality and volume fractions were mainly due to different types of optical instruments and varying technical set-ups at the ALS, APS and SLS., Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 20 (1), ISSN:0909-0495, ISSN:1600-5775
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- 2012
229. AN OPEN SOURCE GEOVISUAL ANALYTICS TOOLBOX FOR MULTIVARIATE SPATIO-TEMPORAL DATA IN ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE MODELLING
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S. Gruber, Arzu Çöltekin, M. Bernasocchi, University of Zurich, and Cöltekin, Arzu
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lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics ,Spatial contextual awareness ,Geographic information system ,lcsh:T ,Computer science ,business.industry ,1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,3105 Instrumentation ,lcsh:TA1501-1820 ,2301 Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,Usability ,lcsh:Technology ,Data science ,Toolbox ,Session (web analytics) ,10122 Institute of Geography ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Analytics ,Geovisualization ,910 Geography & travel ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,business ,Requirements analysis - Abstract
In environmental change studies, often multiple variables are measured or modelled, and temporal information is essential for the task. These multivariate geographic time-series datasets are often big and difficult to analyse. While many established methods such as PCP (parallel coordinate plots), STC (space-time cubes), scatter-plots and multiple (linked) visualisations help provide more information, we observe that most of the common geovisual analytics suits do not include three-dimensional (3D) visualisations. However, in many environmental studies, we hypothesize that the addition of 3D terrain visualisations along with appropriate data plots and two-dimensional views can help improve the analysts’ ability to interpret the spatial relevance better. To test our ideas, we conceptualize, develop, implement and evaluate a geovisual analytics toolbox in a user-centred manner. The conceptualization of the tool is based on concrete user needs that have been identified and collected during informal brainstorming sessions and in a structured focus group session prior to the development. The design process, therefore, is based on a combination of user-centred design with a requirement analysis and agile development. Based on the findings from this phase, the toolbox was designed to have a modular structure and was built on open source geographic information systems (GIS) program Quantum GIS (QGIS), thus benefiting from existing GIS functionality. The modules include a globe view for 3D terrain visualisation (OSGEarth), a scattergram, a time vs. value plot, and a 3D helix visualisation as well as the possibility to view the raw data. The visualisation frame allows real-time linking of these representations. After the design and development stage, a case study was created featuring data from Zermatt valley and the toolbox was evaluated based on expert interviews. Analysts performed multiple spatial and temporal tasks with the case study using the toolbox. The expert interviews were helpful to gain initial insight into the usability of the tools and to highlight further improvements and challenges; revealing certain usability issues and indicating that analysts consider the linked views to be potentially very beneficial and they appreciate seeing the data in its spatial context.
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- 2012
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230. Production and characterization of a custom-made 228Th source with reduced neutron source strength for the Borexino experiment
- Author
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Andreas Zimbal, R. Santorelli, Rugard Dressler, B. Praast, M. Tarka, Klaus Eberhardt, H. Keller, W. Maneschg, Jochen Schreiner, Laura Baudis, R. Lackner, Robert Eichler, B Wiegel, University of Zurich, and Maneschg, W
- Subjects
Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Dosimeter ,Isotope ,530 Physics ,Neutron emission ,3105 Instrumentation ,Radiochemistry ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Thorium ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,10192 Physics Institute ,Nuclear physics ,chemistry ,Measuring instrument ,Neutron source ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation ,Borexino ,Isotopes of thorium - Abstract
A custom-made 228Th source of several MBq activity was produced for the Borexino experiment for studying the external background of the detector. The aim was to reduce the unwanted neutron emission produced via (alpha,n) reactions in ceramics used typically for commercial 228Th sources. For this purpose a ThCl4 solution was converted chemically into ThO2 and embedded into a gold foil. The paper describes the production and the characterization of the custom-made source by means of gamma-activity, dose rate and neutron source strength measurements. From gamma-spectroscopic measurements it was deduced that the activity transfer from the initial solution to the final source was >91% (at 68% C.L.) and the final activity was (5.41+-0.30) MBq. The dose rate was measured by two dosimeters yielding 12.1 mSv/h and 14.3 mSv/h in 1 cm distance. The neutron source strength of the 5.41 MBq 228Th source was determined as (6.59+-0.85)/sec., 8 pages, 5 figures
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- 2012
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231. Humidity sensors based on ZnO/TiO2 core/shell nanorod arrays with enhanced sensitivity
- Author
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Leilei Gu, Kaibo Zheng, Ying Zhou, Guorong Chen, Greta R. Patzke, Juan Li, Xiaoliang Mo, University of Zurich, and Mo, X
- Subjects
10120 Department of Chemistry ,Anatase ,3104 Condensed Matter Physics ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,2506 Metals and Alloys ,Shell (structure) ,Nanotechnology ,symbols.namesake ,540 Chemistry ,Microscopy ,Materials Chemistry ,Relative humidity ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Spectroscopy ,Instrumentation ,2505 Materials Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2508 Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Metals and Alloys ,2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Chemical engineering ,symbols ,Nanorod ,Raman spectroscopy - Abstract
Highly aligned arrays of ZnO/TiO2 core/shell nanorods were fabricated on glass substrates by hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods cores followed by the deposition of anatase TiO2 shells in a sol–gel process. The characterization of these composite materials with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission emission microscopy (TEM) points to the formation of crystalline ZnO nanorod cores that are coated with anatase TiO2 shells. Humidity sensors based on these core/shell nanorod arrays exhibit outstanding sensitivities with capacitances varying from 101 to 106 pF over a relative humidity (RH) range of 11%–95% at room temperature, which is 1.5 and 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of pristine TiO2 films and ZnO nanorods, respectively. Complex impedance analysis indicated that the enhanced humidity sensitivity is probably due to the high surface/volume ratio of this core/shell material in combination with the remarkable hydrophilicity of the TiO2 shell.
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- 2011
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232. A Novel Algorithm for the Determination of Bacterial Cell Volumes That is Unbiased by Cell Morphology
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Esther Kohler, L. Zeder, Michael Zeder, Jakob Pernthaler, University of Zurich, and Zeder, M
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Bacteriological Techniques ,Microscopy ,Bacteria ,Computer science ,3105 Instrumentation ,Process (computing) ,Biomass ,Binary number ,580 Plants (Botany) ,Cell morphology ,Grayscale ,Bacterial cell structure ,Digital image ,10126 Department of Plant and Microbial Biology ,Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Prokaryotic cells ,Instrumentation ,Algorithm ,Algorithms - Abstract
The determination of cell volumes and biomass offers a means of comparing the standing stocks of auto- and heterotrophic microbes of vastly different sizes for applications including the assessment of the flux of organic carbon within aquatic ecosystems. Conclusions about the importance of particular genotypes within microbial communities (e.g., of filamentous bacteria) may strongly depend on whether their contribution to total abundance or to biomass is regarded. Fluorescence microscopy and image analysis are suitable tools for determining bacterial biomass that moreover hold the potential to replace labor-intensive manual measurements by fully automated approaches. However, the current approaches to calculate bacterial cell volumes from digital images are intrinsically biased by the models that are used to approximate the morphology of the cells. Therefore, we developed a generic contour based algorithm to reconstruct the volumes of prokaryotic cells from two-dimensional representations (i.e., microscopic images) irrespective of their shape. Geometric models of commonly encountered bacterial morphotypes were used to verify the algorithm and to compare its performance with previously described approaches. The algorithm is embedded in a freely available computer program that is able to process both raw (8-bit grayscale) and thresholded (binary) images in a fully automated manner.
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- 2011
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233. Local burn versus local cold induced acute effects on in vivo microcirculation and histomorphology of the human skin
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Benjamin Gehl, Merlin Guggenheim, Arzu Oezcelik, M.A. Altintas, Matthias C. Aust, Ahmet Ali Altintas, University of Zurich, and Altintas, A A
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Adult ,Male ,Acute effects ,Reflectance confocal microscopy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Histology ,Medizin ,Urology ,610 Medicine & health ,Human skin ,2722 Histology ,Microcirculation ,Blood cell ,In vivo ,Humans ,Medicine ,10266 Clinic for Reconstructive Surgery ,Instrumentation ,Cell Size ,Skin ,Microscopy, Confocal ,Thermal injury ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,3607 Medical Laboratory Technology ,Hand Injuries ,Hand ,2702 Anatomy ,Cold Temperature ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,10022 Division of Surgical Research ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Regional Blood Flow ,Female ,Anatomy ,Burns ,business ,Perfusion - Abstract
The impact of burns and colds on human skin microcirculation and histomorphology has not been compared as yet. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) enables in vivo insight in human skin on cellular and subcellular levels. We evaluated analogies and differences of thermal injuries on microcirculation and histomorphology in vivo using RCM.Local superficial burn (6 female, 4 male; aged 28.4 ± 2.9 years, burn group) versus superficial cold (4 female, 6 male; aged 30.4 ± 5.2 years, cold group) was induced on the dorsum of the hand in an experimental immersion hand model. In vivo RCM was performed prior (control), immediately (t1) and 15 minutes (t2) following thermal injury to evaluate: Individual blood cell flow (IBCF), functional capillary density (FCD), epidermal thickness (ET), and granular cell size (GCS).In the burn group, IBCF was increased at t1 (78.02 ± 2.60/min) and remained elevated at t2 (84.16 ± 3.04/min). In the cold group, IBCF decreased at t1 (12.62 ± 2.12 min) and increased at t2 (74.24 ± 3.14/min, P0.05) compared to the controls (58.23 ± 3.21/min). FCD was 6.74 ± 0.52/mm(2) in controls and increased at both t1 (7.82 ± 0.72/mm(2)) and t2 (8.02 ± 0.81/mm(2)) in the burn group. In the cold group, FCD decreased at t1 (2.60 ± 0.42/mm(2)) and increased at t2 (7.92 ± 0.44/mm(2), P0.05). ET increased at both t1 (43.12 ± 4.08 μm, P0.05) and t2 (47.26 ± 4.72 μm, P0.05) in the burn group. In the cold group, ET decreased at t1 (39.92 ± 3.14 μm, P0.05) and increased at t2 (44.72 ± 4.06 μm, P0.05) compared to the controls (41.26 ± 3.82 μm). Control GCS was 726.9 ± 59.4 μm(2) and increased at both t1 (739.8 ± 69.8 μm(2), P0.05) and t2 (762.6 ± 71.4 μm(2), P0.05) in the burn group. In the cold group, GCS decreased at t1 (712.4 ± 53.8 μm(2), P0.05) and increased at t2 (742.6 ± 64.8 μm(2), P0.05).Superficial burn induces more cellular destruction and cold leads to huge fluctuation in tissue perfusion, however, with moderate impact on histomorphology. The effect on dermal capillaries suggests a selective neural control and cold injuries might down-regulate this system, much more than burns can activate it.
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- 2011
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234. Characterisation of Silicon Photomultipliers for liquid xenon detectors
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Laura Baudis, A. Kish, Michelle Galloway, Chris Marentini, J. Wulf, University of Zurich, and Wulf, J
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Photomultiplier ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Materials science ,530 Physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Photodetector ,chemistry.chemical_element ,10192 Physics Institute ,Cryogenics ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,Particle detector ,Silicon photomultiplier ,Xenon ,0103 physical sciences ,Gamma spectroscopy ,2610 Mathematical Physics ,010306 general physics ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,chemistry ,Scintillation counter ,Optoelectronics ,business - Abstract
Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are considered as a solid-state sensor alternative to photomultiplier tubes in experiments using liquid xenon (LXe) as a radiation detection medium. The main requirements are single-photon detection of the vacuum ultraviolet scintillation light from LXe at 178$\,$nm with high resolution and detection efficiency and low noise rates. Further requirements for dark matter and double beta decay searches are ultra-low radioactivity levels of all the components including the substrates and cold electronics. Here we describe our characterisation of Hamamatsu 6$\times$6$\,$mm$^2$ SiPMs in the temperature range 110-300$\,$K in nitrogen gas, as well as long-term measurements in cold nitrogen gas at 172$\,$K and liquid xenon at 185$\,$K. After we introduce the experimental setups, the data acquisition schemes and analysis methods, we show the single-photon response, the gain versus bias voltage, as well as the dark and correlated noise rates. We demonstrate the long-term stability at cryogenic temperatures, and conclude that SiPM arrays are promising candidates for photosensor arrays in liquid xenon detectors. Furthermore, we study the radioactivity of the raw SiPM materials with gamma spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and conclude that SiPMs are suitable for use in low-background experiments.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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235. Autofluorescence Detection in Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Qiang Li, Stefan Seeger, University of Zurich, and Seeger, S
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10120 Department of Chemistry ,Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Analytical chemistry ,1607 Spectroscopy ,Fluorescence ,Molecular analysis ,Autofluorescence ,Biochemistry ,540 Chemistry ,Time-resolved spectroscopy ,Fast methods ,Instrumentation ,Biosensor ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Label-free detection of molecules and particles based on native fluorescence excited at the ultraviolet (UV) region of the electromagnetic spectrum shows great potential for molecular analysis in life sciences. It offers simple, low-cost, and fast methods for sensitive detection of important biological analytes in nature forms. This article reviews the most significant research on label-free native fluorescence detection in analytical chemistry and biochemistry, with particular focus on the instrumental requirements and applications that cover papers published to the beginning of 2009. Future development directions for label-free optical biosensors based on native fluorescence are discussed.
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- 2010
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236. CMOS-integrated film bulk acoustic resonators for label-free biosensing
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Sanna Auer, Dana Pitzer, Inger Vikholm-Lundin, Ann-Charlotte Hellgren, Kari Tukkiniemi, Martin Nirschl, Matthias Schreiter, Arto Rantala, University of Zurich, and Nirschl, M
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Label free biosensing ,Serum ,Biomolecular interaction analysis ,1303 Biochemistry ,FBAR ,Film bulk acoustic resonator ,CMOS ,DNA ,Thickness shear mode ,TSM ,Label-free ,Biosensor ,Physics::Optics ,Biosensing Techniques ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Biochemistry ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Analytical Chemistry ,170 Ethics ,Limit of Detection ,Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Surface plasmon resonance ,Instrumentation ,Throughput (business) ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,Oxides ,Serum Albumin, Bovine ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Metals ,Calcitonin ,Materials science ,Nanotechnology ,610 Medicine & health ,Buffers ,Article ,Resonator ,Animals ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Protein Precursors ,Label free ,Staining and Labeling ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Quartz crystal microbalance ,Acoustics ,Surface Plasmon Resonance ,Semiconductors ,Cyclooxygenase 2 ,Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ,Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques ,Cattle - Abstract
The throughput is an important parameter for label-free biosensors. Acoustic resonators like the quartz crystal microbalance have a low throughput because the number of sensors which can be used at the same time is limited. Here we present an array of 64 CMOS-integrated film bulk acoustic resonators. We compare the performance with surface plasmon resonance and the quartz crystal microbalance and demonstrate the performance of the sensor for multiplexed detection of DNA., Sensors, 10 (5), ISSN:1424-8220
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- 2010
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237. Selective Attention in Multi-Chip Address-Event Systems
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Giacomo Indiveri, Chiara Bartolozzi, University of Zurich, and Bartolozzi, C
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1303 Biochemistry ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,Distributed computing ,saliency-map ,selective attention ,analog VLSI ,Sensory system ,02 engineering and technology ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,subthreshold ,multi-chip system ,Address- Event Representation (AER) ,winner-take-all (WTA) ,Component (UML) ,Analog VLSI ,Address-Event Representation (AER) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Selective attention ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,business.industry ,Event (computing) ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Chip ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Neuromorphic engineering ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Actuator - Abstract
Selective attention is the strategy used by biological systems to cope with the inherent limits in their available computational resources, in order to efficiently process sensory information. The same strategy can be used in artificial systems that have to process vast amounts of sensory data with limited resources. In this paper we present a neuromorphic VLSI device, the “Selective Attention Chip” (SAC), which can be used to implement these models in multi-chip address-event systems. We also describe a real-time sensory-motor system, which integrates the SAC with a dynamic vision sensor and a robotic actuator. We present experimental results from each component in the system, and demonstrate how the complete system implements a real-time stimulus-driven selective attention model., Sensors, 9 (7), ISSN:1424-8220
- Published
- 2009
238. APEX - the Hyperspectral ESA Airborne Prism Experiment
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F. Dell'Endice, Koen Meuleman, Tobias Kellenberger, E. Alberti, Andreas Hueni, Silvia Huber, Jürg Schopfer, Yves Bühler, Petra D'Odorico, Daniel Odermatt, Daniel Schläpfer, Jens Nieke, Klaus I. Itten, Felix C. Seidel, Mathias Kneubühler, University of Zurich, and Dell'Endice, F
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1303 Biochemistry ,Computer science ,Calibration (statistics) ,Imaging spectrometer ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,imaging spectrometer ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,910 Geography & travel ,Instrumentation ,Remote sensing ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Hyperspectral imaging ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,10122 Institute of Geography ,Hyperspectral ,pushbroom ,Prism ,Bidirectional reflectance distribution function - Abstract
The airborne ESA-APEX (Airborne Prism Experiment) hyperspectral mission simulator is described with its distinct specifications to provide high quality remote sensing data. The concept of an automatic calibration, performed in the Calibration Home Base (CHB) by using the Control Test Master (CTM), the In-Flight Calibration facility (IFC), quality flagging (QF) and specific processing in a dedicated Processing and Archiving Facility (PAF), and vicarious calibration experiments are presented. A preview on major applications and the corresponding development efforts to provide scientific data products up to level 2/3 to the user is presented for limnology, vegetation, aerosols, general classification routines and rapid mapping tasks. BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function) issues are discussed and the spectral database SPECCHIO (Spectral Input/Output) introduced. The optical performance as well as the dedicated software utilities make APEX a state-of-the-art hyperspectral sensor, capable of (a) satisfying the needs of several research communities and (b) helping the understanding of the Earth’s complex mechanisms.
- Published
- 2008
239. The C4F10 Cherenkov detector for DIRAC-II
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V. Brekhovskikh, Y. Allkofer, M. Pentia, S. Horikawa, M. Zhabitsky, A.V. Kuptsov, Claude Amsler, University of Zurich, and Horikawa, S
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Physics ,Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Large Hadron Collider ,Atmospheric pressure ,530 Physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,Cherenkov detector ,3105 Instrumentation ,Detector ,Dirac (software) ,10192 Physics Institute ,Particle detector ,Particle identification ,law.invention ,Nuclear physics ,law ,Measuring instrument ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,3106 Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Instrumentation - Abstract
A new threshold Cherenkov detector using C4F10 gas radiator was built and put into operation in the DIRAC-II experiment at CERN. Running on the C4F10 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, the detector discriminates between pions and kaons in the momentum range of 4– 8 GeV / c . A compact radiator–gas recirculation system including a gas–liquid separation unit, hollow-fibre membranes and molecular sieves ensures gas purity for a long term of operation without a significant loss of the gas. The system is robust and stable and the pressure in the two detector vessels is regulated in the range of ± 0.5 mbar . We report on the design and the technical aspects of the detector and its response in the DIRAC 2007 run.
- Published
- 2008
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240. Electrochemical Biosensors - Sensor Principles and Architectures
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Dorothee Grieshaber, Janos Vörös, Robert MacKenzie, Erik Reimhult, University of Zurich, and Reimhult, E
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1303 Biochemistry ,bioelectronics ,Nanotechnology ,610 Medicine & health ,Review ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,170 Ethics ,Scanning probe microscopy ,Electrochemistry ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Surface plasmon resonance ,Biosensors ,Bioelectronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,Review Paper ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Quartz crystal microbalance ,Chronoamperometry ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Transducer ,Surface modification ,Biosensor - Abstract
Quantification of biological or biochemical processes are of utmost importance for medical, biological and biotechnological applications. However, converting the biological information to an easily processed electronic signal is challenging due to the complexity of connecting an electronic device directly to a biological environment. Electrochemical biosensors provide an attractive means to analyze the content of a biological sample due to the direct conversion of a biological event to an electronic signal. Over the past decades several sensing concepts and related devices have been developed. In this review, the most common traditional techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, chronopotentiometry, impedance spectroscopy, and various field-effect transistor based methods are presented along with selected promising novel approaches, such as nanowire or magnetic nanoparticle-based biosensing. Additional measurement techniques, which have been shown useful in combination with electrochemical detection, are also summarized, such as the electrochemical versions of surface plasmon resonance, optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy, ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance, and scanning probe microscopy. The signal transduction and the general performance of electrochemical sensors are often determined by the surface architectures that connect the sensing element to the biological sample at the nanometer scale. The most common surface modification techniques, the various electrochemical transduction mechanisms, and the choice of the recognition receptor molecules all influence the ultimate sensitivity of the sensor. New nanotechnology-based approaches, such as the use of engineered ion-channels in lipid bilayers, the encapsulation of enzymes into vesicles, polymersomes, or polyelectrolyte capsules provide additional possibilities for signal amplification. In particular, this review highlights the importance of the precise control over the delicate interplay between surface nano-architectures, surface functionalization and the chosen sensor transducer principle, as well as the usefulness of complementary characterization tools to interpret and to optimize the sensor response., Sensors, 8 (3), ISSN:1424-8220
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
241. From Hearing to Listening: Design and Properties of an Actively Tunable Electronic Hearing Sensor
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Tom Jasa, Ruedi Stoop, Yoko Uwate, Stefan Martignoli, University of Zurich, and Stoop, R
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Cochlear amplifier ,1303 Biochemistry ,hearing sensor ,Computer science ,Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Active listening ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,Cochlea ,electronics ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,Signal processing ,Full Paper ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Amplifier ,Electrical engineering ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,business - Abstract
An important step towards understanding the working principles of the mammalian hearing sensor is the concept of an active cochlear amplifier. Theoretical arguments and physiological measurements suggest that the active cochlear amplifiers originate from systems close to a Hopf bifurcation. Efforts to model the mammalian hearing sensor on these grounds have, however, either had problems in reproducing sufficiently close essential aspects of the biological example (Magnasco, M.O. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 058101 (2003); Duke, T. & Jülicher, F. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 158101 (2003)), or required complicated spatially coupled differential equation systems that are unfeasible for transient signals (Kern, A. & Stoop, R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 128101 (2003)). Here, we demonstrate a simple system of electronically coupled Hopf amplifiers that not only leads to the desired biological response behavior, but also has real-time capacity. The obtained electronic Hopf cochlea shares all salient signal processing features exhibited by the mammalian cochlea and thus provides a simple and efficient design of an artificial mammalian hearing sensor., Sensors, 7 (12), ISSN:1424-8220
- Published
- 2007
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242. A New Method to Retrieve the Data Requirements of the Remote Sensing Community – Exemplarily Demonstrated for Hyperspectral User NEEDS
- Author
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Ils Reusen, Jens Nieke, University of Zurich, and Nieke, J
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1303 Biochemistry ,quality assessment ,Process (engineering) ,Computer science ,value-benefit -analysis ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,User requirements document ,Biochemistry ,Full Research Paper ,Field (computer science) ,Analytical Chemistry ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,910 Geography & travel ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,Remote sensing ,1602 Analytical Chemistry ,Focus (computing) ,HYRESSA ,End user ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Level of detail (writing) ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,10122 Institute of Geography ,hyperspectral data products ,Ranking ,Data quality - Abstract
User-driven requirements for remote sensing data are difficult to define,especially details on geometric, spectral and radiometric parameters. Even more difficult isa decent assessment of the required degrees of processing and corresponding data quality. Itis therefore a real challenge to appropriately assess data costs and services to be provided.In 2006, the HYRESSA project was initiated within the framework 6 programme of theEuropean Commission to analyze the user needs of the hyperspectral remote sensingcommunity. Special focus was given to finding an answer to the key question, “What arethe individual user requirements for hyperspectral imagery and its related data products?â€Â.A Value-Benefit Analysis (VBA) was performed to retrieve user needs and address openitems accordingly. The VBA is an established tool for systematic problem solving bysupporting the possibility of comparing competing projects or solutions. It enablesevaluation on the basis of a multidimensional objective model and can be augmented withexpert’s preferences. After undergoing a VBA, the scaling method (e.g., Law ofComparative Judgment) was applied for achieving the desired ranking judgments. Theresult, which is the relative value of projects with respect to a well-defined main objective,can therefore be produced analytically using a VBA. A multidimensional objective modeladhering to VBA methodology was established. Thereafter, end users and experts wererequested to fill out a Questionnaire of User Needs (QUN) at the highest level of detail -the value indicator level. The end user was additionally requested to report personalpreferences for his particular research field. In the end, results from the experts’ evaluationand results from a sensor data survey can be compared in order to understand user needsand the drawbacks of existing data products. The investigation – focusing on the needs of the hyperspectral user community in Europe – showed that a VBA is a suitable method for analyzing the needs of hyperspectral data users and supporting the sensor/data specification-building process. The VBA has the advantage of being easy to handle, resulting in a comprehensive evaluation. The primary disadvantage is the large effort in realizing such an analysis because the level of detail is extremely high.
- Published
- 2007
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243. A system for automatic recording of social behavior in a free-living wild house mouse population
- Author
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Akos Dobay, Anna K. Lindholm, Sally Steinert, Barbara König, Patricia C. Lopes, Frank Jens‑Uwe Buschmann, University of Zurich, and König, Barbara
- Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications ,Population ,Captivity ,Zoology ,Kin selection ,Biology ,Social group ,10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies ,Nest ,Behavioral ecology ,1705 Computer Networks and Communications ,education ,Instrumentation ,education.field_of_study ,Communication ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,Population ecology ,Signal Processing ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,590 Animals (Zoology) ,1711 Signal Processing ,Animal Science and Zoology ,House mice ,1103 Animal Science and Zoology ,business - Abstract
Our research focuses on mechanisms that promote and stabilize social behavior, fitness consequences of cooperation, and how interactions with conspecifics structure groups and populations. To this end, we studied wild house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) in the laboratory, in semi-natural enclosures and in the field. In 2002, we initiated a project on a free-living population of house mice in a barn near Zurich, Switzerland, where mice were equipped with RFID transponders and were provided with 40 nest boxes for resting and breeding. The population typically comprised between 250 and 400 mice. To analyze social group membership, social interactions and social preferences of the mice in our study population over their lifespan, we installed a continuous transponder reading system (AniLoc, FBI Science GmbH, Germany). Mice accessed nest boxes through tunnels equipped with two antennas each. When a mouse implanted with an RFID transponder passed the electromagnetic field of an antenna, its identity was transmitted and registered in real time with AniLoc. Additionally, body weights of mice were automatically registered at eight drinking facilities (Intelliscale, FBI Science GmbH, Germany). Here, a mouse sits on a freely movable platform that connects to a scale registering body weight when drinking, and an antenna around the head of the water bottle registers the drinking individual’s RFID transponder. The system enabled continuous remote monitoring of the behavior of a free-living, open population of house mice, when using nest boxes and when drinking. Since such safe places are an important resource for survival and reproduction, time of day, duration and frequency of meetings with conspecifics reveal information about the function of their interactions. Trigger efficiency of antennas was 98.2 %. Mice entered and left the nest boxes with an average speed of 0.03 m/s, which is within the antennas’ detection capacity (detection speed of 1 m/s or 3.6 km/h). The antenna devices documented not only social structuring of our study population but also spatial genetic structuring. The observation that mice lived in rather closed social groups and tended to share nest boxes with relatives highlights the importance of kin selection for the evolution and maintenance of social behavior. We suggest that such automatic recording of activity, spatial distribution and social interactions is helpful not only in field studies, for a variety of species, but also in captivity or laboratory studies, to answer basic questions in behavioral ecology, population ecology, population genetics, conservation biology, disease ecology, or animal welfare.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
244. Production and Characterization of 228Th Calibration Sources with Low Neutron Emission for GERDA
- Author
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Laura Baudis, M. Walter, C. Cattadori, M. Tarka, Andrea Petrucci, Klaus Eberhardt, Robert Eichler, Giovanni Benato, P. Carconi, Pierino De Felice, University of Zurich, Benato, G, Petrucci, A., De Felice, P., and Carconi, P.
- Subjects
fast neutrons) ,Radiation monitoring ,Instrumentation for neutron sources ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Neutron emission ,530 Physics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Germanium ,10192 Physics Institute ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,thermal ,Nuclear physics ,Neutron flux ,Double beta decay ,0103 physical sciences ,Calibration ,Instrumentation for neutron source ,010306 general physics ,2610 Mathematical Physics ,Instrumentation ,Mathematical Physics ,Physics ,Detection of defect ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,Detector ,Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det) ,Neutron detectors (cold ,Detection of defects ,chemistry ,Neutron detectors (cold, thermal, fast neutrons) ,Hpge detector - Abstract
The GERDA experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 76-Ge. In view of the GERDA Phase II data collection, four new 228-Th radioactive sources for the calibration of the germanium detectors enriched in 76-Ge have been produced with a new technique, leading to a reduced neutron flux from ( alpha; n ) reactions. The gamma activities of the sources were determined with a total uncertainty of 4 percent using an ultra-low background HPGe detector operated underground at LNGS. The emitted neutron flux was determined using a low background LiI(Eu) detector and a 3-He counter at LNGS. In both cases, a reduction of about one order of magnitude with respect to commercially available 228-Th sources was obtained. Additionally, a specific leak test with a sensitivity to leaks down to 10 mBq was developed to investigate the tightness of the stainless steel capsules housing the sources after their use in cryogenic environment., 14 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
- Published
- 2015
245. Closing the pressure gap in x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy by membrane hydrogenation
- Author
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Davide Bleiner, Renaud Delmelle, Roger Alberto, Benjamin Probst, Andreas Borgschulte, Andreas Züttel, University of Zurich, and Borgschulte, Andreas
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,10120 Department of Chemistry ,X-ray spectroscopy ,Materials science ,Hydrogen ,3105 Instrumentation ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,7. Clean energy ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,chemistry ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,540 Chemistry ,Photocatalysis ,Compounds of carbon ,0210 nano-technology ,Instrumentation ,Hydrogen production ,Ambient pressure - Abstract
Comprehensive studies of gas-solid reactions require the in-situ interaction of the gas at a pressure beyond the operating pressure of ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The recent progress of near ambient pressure XPS allows to dose gases to the sample up to a pressure of 20 mbar. The present work describes an alternative to this experimental challenge, with a focus on H-2 as the interacting gas. Instead of exposing the sample under investigation to gaseous hydrogen, the sample is in contact with a hydrogen permeation membrane, through which hydrogen is transported from the outside to the sample as atomic hydrogen. Thereby, we can reach local hydrogen concentrations at the sample inside an UHV chamber, which is equipped with surface science tools, and this corresponds to a hydrogen pressure up to 1 bar without affecting the sensitivity or energy resolution of the spectrometer. This experimental approach is validated by two examples, that is, the reduction of a catalyst precursor for CO2 hydrogenation and the hydrogenation of a water reduction catalyst for photocatalytic H-2 production, but it opens the possibility of the new in situ characterisation of energy materials and catalysts. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
- Published
- 2015
246. Identification of beauty and charm quark jets at LHCb
- Author
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LHCb Collaboration, Adeva, B, Adinolfi, M, Aaij, R, et al, and University of Zurich
- Subjects
530 Physics ,3105 Instrumentation ,10192 Physics Institute ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
247. Anion sensing with cobalt corrinoid grafted quartz crystal microbalances
- Author
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Ilke Gürol, Dilek D. Erbahar, Mika Harbeck, Felix Zelder, University of Zurich, and Harbeck, Mika
- Subjects
10120 Department of Chemistry ,3104 Condensed Matter Physics ,Inorganic chemistry ,2506 Metals and Alloys ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Ionic bonding ,Coordination complex ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Corrinoid ,540 Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Corrinoids ,Instrumentation ,2505 Materials Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Thiocyanate ,Chemistry ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Corrin ,Metals and Alloys ,2508 Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,2504 Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Quartz crystal microbalance ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Cobalt - Abstract
Corrin macrocycles are well known for their interesting and multifaceted coordination chemistry at the axial positions of the cobalt center. In this work, the use of such cobalt corrinoids as sensitive elements for sorption based chemical sensors like the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is described for the first time. This approach of fast and reversible ion detection extends the versatility and applicability of this class of metal-containing ionophores and colorimetric indicators. QCMs were grafted with aquacyano and dicyano cobalt corrinoids and assessed in their sensing characteristics during exposure to cyanide, thiocyanate, and other ionic species as well as selected organic compounds. The liquid sensing characteristics of the corronoids were found to be excellent. Sensors reach equilibrium in
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
248. Design of a Label-Free, Distributed Bragg Grating Resonator Based Dielectric Waveguide Biosensor
- Author
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Florian Kehl, Ross Stanley, Markus Michler, David Bischof, Mirjad Keka, University of Zurich, and Kehl, Florian
- Subjects
lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics ,PHOSFOS ,Materials science ,fabry-pérot ,waveguide grating couplers ,Physics::Optics ,610 Medicine & health ,3107 Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Coupled mode theory ,Bragg reflectors ,law.invention ,170 Ethics ,Finesse ,Resonator ,Optics ,Fiber Bragg grating ,law ,Blazed grating ,2741 Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Instrumentation ,Diffraction grating ,business.industry ,3105 Instrumentation ,planar waveguides ,optical resonators ,lcsh:TA1501-1820 ,diffraction gratings ,label-free biosensing ,Distributed Bragg reflector ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Optoelectronics ,business - Abstract
In this work, we present a resonant, dielectric waveguide device based on distributed Bragg gratings for label-free biosensing applications. The refractive index sensitive optical transducer aims at improving the performance of planar waveguide grating sensor systems with limited Q-factor and dynamic range by combing the advantages of resonant cavities, such as a multitude of resonance peaks with high finesse, with the manageable complexity of waveguide grating couplers. The general sensor concept is introduced and supported by theoretical considerations as well as numerical simulations based on Coupled Mode Theory. In contrast to a single Bragg grating reflector, the presented Fabry-Pe rot type distributed Bragg resonator exhibits an extended measurement range as well as relaxed fabrication tolerances. The resulting, relatively simple sensor structure can be fabricated with standard lithographic means and is independent of expensive light-sources and/or detectors, making an affordable but sensitive device, potentially suitable for point-of-care applications.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
249. Study of the signal response of the MÖNCH 25μm pitch hybrid pixel detector at different photon absorption depths
- Author
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Cartier, S, Bergamaschi, A, Dinapoli, R, Greiffenberg, D, Johnson, I, Jungmann-Smith, J H, Mezza, D, Mozzanica, A, Shi, X, Tinti, G, Schmitt, B, Stampanoni, M, and University of Zurich
- Subjects
170 Ethics ,3105 Instrumentation ,610 Medicine & health ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,2610 Mathematical Physics - Published
- 2015
250. 2015 IEEE GRSS data fusion contest: Extremely high resolution LiDAR and optical data
- Author
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Moser, Gabriele, Tuia, Devis, Shimoni, Michal, and University of Zurich
- Subjects
10122 Institute of Geography ,3105 Instrumentation ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,1900 General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,1700 General Computer Science ,910 Geography & travel - Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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