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Este artigo tem como objetivo verificar a consistência da pluralização de grupos de coalizão e das parcerias estratégicas na política externa do governo Lula (2003-2010). A hipótese central desta pesquisa é que a nova matriz da política externa é mais fluida e multidimensional, com arranjos políticos, alianças e parcerias estratégicas flexíveis, de acordo com os atores e interesses. Para testar a hipótese, essa pesquisa utilizou, como metodologia, a revisão bibliográfica dos conceitos de grupos de coalizão, geometria variável e parceria estratégica na análise da política externa brasileira recente, a partir de uma descrição conceitual e empírica. Em seguida, passou a cruzar os dados referentes aos grupos de geometria variável e coalizões com a lista das parcerias estratégicas do Brasil, para identificar pontos de convergência e divergência. Posteriormente, faz um rápido cruzamento das informações com as parcerias comerciais do Brasil, também para identificar continuidades e descontinuidades.

É consensual entre os analistas da Política Externa Brasileira o reconhecimento da priorização do eixo Sul-Sul nas estratégias de inserção internacional do país durante o governo Lula da Silva, bem como o papel de destaque concedido ao continente africano. Com o intuito de dar lastro empírico às análises sobre a retomada e repriorização das relações entre Brasil e África, este trabalho pretende analisar comparativamente a cooperação técnica provida pelo Brasil para os países africanos durante os governos Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) e Lula da Silva (2003-2010). Procura-se identificar e comparar o número e os tipos de acordos firmados, a dispersão geográfica desses acordos e a diversidade temática dos projetos de cooperação técnica horizontal desenvolvidos pelo Brasil naquele continente. A fonte principal dos dados analisados, ainda pouco explorada pela literatura acadêmica brasileira, é o banco de dados do Departamento de Atos Internacionais do Ministério das Relações Exteriores.

Los padres de niños pequeños deben ser interactivos, responsables y estar disponibles para cuidarlos (Lamb, Pleck, y Levine 1985). Esta investigación pretende arrojar luz sobre hasta qué punto los horarios de trabajo en España permiten a los padres estar disponibles para sus hijos cuando estos salen del colegio o la guardería. Usando datos de uso del tiempo, se pretende contribuir a la literatura ofreciendo un análisis detallado de cuánto y cuándo se trabaja a lo largo del día, así como su relación con el estatus ocupacional y parental, el género y la incidencia de la crisis. Se analiza el “tiempo disponible” para la familia, entendido como el tiempo en que no se está en el trabajo, excluyendo las horas estándar “de oficina” (de 8 a 17). Los resultados muestran que ser madre aún tiene una relación directa con el tiempo disponible, no así la paternidad. Además, el tiempo disponible presenta una relación compleja con la estructura de clase, que la crisis no ha alterado. Por último, se comprueba una tendencia convergente entre hombres y mujeres, debido a la reducción del tiempo disponible de estas últimas.

A Política de Externa Lula da Silva (2003-2010) foi alvo de controvérsia. Houve debate entre grupos que defendiam estar ela “contaminada pelo antiamericanismo e pela orientação ideológica” e aqueles que consideravam que o país apenas agia de modo pragmático. Tal controvérsia é mais um capítulo das distintas visões sobre as relações Brasil-EUA existentes, pelo menos, desde a proclamação da República no Brasil em 1889. O artigo analisa e coteja dados econômicos e políticos dos mandatos presidenciais de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) e Lula da Silva (2003-2010) verificando a eventual influência do alegado ‘antiamericanismo’ na gestão deste segundo presidente.

Copyright of Revista Internacional de Sociología is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

(1) Background: Increasing evidence indicates that lipid metabolism may influence the concentration of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). However, the association between triglycerides and PSA remains unclear and complicated. Hence, we evaluated the correlation between triglycerides and PSA based on the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. (2) Methods: A total of 2910 participants out of 41,156 participants fit into our study after conducting the screening from the 2003 to 2010 NHANES survey. Serum triglycerides were the independent variable of our study, and PSA was the dependent variable; (3) Results: In our study, the average age of chosen participants was 59.7 years (±12.7). After adjusting for covariates, the result indicated that for each additional unit of serum triglyceride (mg/dL), the PSA concentrations were reduced by 0.0043 ng/mL (-0.0082, -0.0005) with a statistical difference. Furthermore, we used machine learning of the XGBoost model to determine the relative importance of selected variables as well as constructed a smooth curve based on the fully adjusted model to investigate the possible linear relationship between the triglyceride and PSA concentrations. (4) Conclusions: The serum triglyceride is independently and negatively correlated with PSA among American males, which may make it hard to detect asymptomatic prostate cancer and diagnose at an advance stage with higher triglycerides due to detection bias.

The aim of this paper is to discuss the factors that led to the implementation of a more assertive national defense policy during the Lula da Silva administration (2003-2010). Three possible justifications are analyzed: Brazil's greater international role in the time period, the effort towards institutional reorganization of defense through the civil aviation crisis (2007), and the implementation of policies seeking to revitalize the defense industry as part of a national economic development strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this work is to analyze a set of conceptions and discursive practices underpinning the construction of public policies for the area of higher education during the two governments of Luis Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010). A theoretical-analytical approach was adopted from approaches that have been defined as post-empiricist and that emphasize the dimension of ideas, discourses and narratives in the processes of formulation and implementation of public policies. This approach incorporates the methodology of critical discourse analysis, with the purpose of examining three specific policies: SINAES, PROUNI and REUNI. This analysis reveals that, despite having differences in form, the public policies implemented in the Lula’s government maintain a set of neoliberal conceptions structured in Brazil throughout the 1990s, especially during the two governments of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002).

Objective: This study used the InterVA-4 computerised model to assign probable cause of death (CoD) to verbal autopsies (VAs) generated from two rural areas, with a difference in health service provision, within the Matlab Health and Demographic Surveillance site (HDSS). This study aimed to compare CoD by gender, as well as discussing possible factors which could influence differences in the distribution of CoD between the two areas. Design: Data for this study came from the Matlab the HDSS maintained by the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) since 1966. In late 1977, icddr,b divided HDSS and implemented a high-quality maternal, newborn and child health and family planning (MNCH-FP) services project in one half, called the icddr,b service area (SA), in addition to the usual public and private MNCH-FP services that serve the other half, called the government SA. HDSS field workers registered 12,144 deaths during 2003–2010, and trained interviewers obtained VA for 98.9% of them. The probabilistic model InterVA-4 probabilistic model (version 4.02) was used to derive probable CoD from VA symptoms. Cause-specific mortality rates and fractions were compared across gender and areas. Appropriate statistical tests were applied for significance testing. Results: Mortality rates due to neonatal causes and communicable diseases (CDs) were lower in the icddr,b SA than in the government SA, where mortality rates due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) were lower. Cause-specific mortality fractions (CSMFs) due to CDs (23.2% versus 18.8%) and neonatal causes (7.4% versus 6%) were higher in the government SA, whereas CSMFs due to NCDs were higher (58.2% versus 50.7%) in the icddr,b SA. The rank-order of CSMFs by age group showed marked variations, the largest category being acute respiratory infection/pneumonia in infancy, injury in 1–4 and 5–14 years, neoplasms in 15–49 and 50–64 years, and stroke in 65+ years. Conclusions: Automated InterVA-4 coding of VA to determine probable CoD revealed the difference in the structure of CoD between areas with prominence of NCDs in both areas. Such information can help local planning of health services for prevention and management of disease burden.

For the last two decades, the Australian Federal Government has taken responsibility for funding disability employment services, and the states and territories are responsible for accommodation, respite, and community access services (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2004-2011). Replacing the existing Commonwealth State Territory Disability Agreement in 2009, the National Disability Agreement (NDA) offers a framework for providing government funding support to people with a disability in Australia (Australian Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, 2011a). Notionally, the NDA commits all state and territory jurisdictions to enhancing independence and participation of people with a disability, along with support for their families and carers. A range of accountability measures, which address mostly service procedure rather than individual outcome, are embedded in the NDA (Australian Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, 2011b, 2011c). In 2009-2010, 295,024 people used NDA-funded services (1.3% of the Australian population in 2010; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011), which accounted for AUD$5.8 billion of federal and state government expenditure (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2004-2011). This paper reports changes in the proportion of selected disability groups using Australian disability services in the period 2003-2010. (Contains 2 figures.)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The most effective way to reach a correct diagnosis in the oral lesions with similar clinical features is doing an appropriate biopsy from lesion and histopathological evaluation of it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concordance and non-concordance between clinical diagnosis and pathology reports of patients referred to department of oral and maxillofacial pathology of dental school in Babol, Iran.METHODS: This cross sectional study was performed on 662 patients records from the archive of oral and maxillofacial pathology department of Babol dental school to determine the concordance between clinical diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis of oral lesions during the years 2003-2010. Demographic information such as age and gender of patients, the color and consistency of lesion, anatomical location, biological process and appearance of lesions, peripheral or central, exophytic or flat lesions, specialty of physician, concordance between clinical and histopathological diagnosis was extracted from patients records. FINDINGS: There was concordance in 79% of cases in correct clinical diagnosis according to the first priority in differential diagnosis. The most of correct clinical diagnosis (94%) has been in third decade of life. The most of correct clinical diagnosis has been in gingiva (100%). Correct clinical diagnosis in the benign lesions (94.3%) was more than malignant lesions (90.9%) and the correct clinical diagnosis for exophytic lesions was more than other lesions (94%). Correlation coefficient for determine of concordance between clinical and pathological diagnoses was obtained as 80.0% (p=0.018).CONCLUSION: Although a great concordance was observed between clinical and pathology reports, the inconcordance was significant.Please cite this article as follows: Foroughi R, Seyedmajidi M, Bijani A, Omid Dezyani M. Comparison of Clinical Diagnosis and Histopathological Report of Referred Biopsies to Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of Dental School of Babol, Iran (2003-2010). J Babol Univ Med Sci 2013 15(6):71-77.

This essay presents a study about Brazil's higher education funding in view of the rationality of its current expansionary policy, relating it to the consequences of the state reform, started in 1995. It aims to analyze how institutional funding by the state follows this expansion process, through the investments transferred to the University of the Pará State (UEPA), from 2003 to 2010. It uses data from the ‘General Balance the State of Pará’, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the National Institute of Educational Studies Anísio Teixeira, in a quantitative and qualitative approach. Data show that the state's GDP increased in the period and so did the net current revenue during the period. However, even if seems that the university funds increased, only a minimum has effectively been invested in its expansion. It shows that UEPA suffers with an inequality of investments and that indicates a lack of a funding policy in that state.

O artigo apresenta um estudo acerca do financiamento da educação superior brasileira sob a racionalidade da atual política expansionista, relacionando-a com as mudanças decorrentes da Reforma do Estado de 1995. O objetivo foi analisar como o financiamento das instituições estaduais acompanha seus processos de expansão e como isso se expressa na Universidade do Estado do Pará, no período de 2003 a 2010. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados dos Balanços Gerais do Estado do Pará, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatísticas e do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, adotando, portanto, uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Os dados apontam que o PIB estadual cresceu no período, bem como a receita corrente líquida, porém, apesar de na aparência ter-se ampliado o repasse de recursos para a universidade, uma parcela ínfima corresponde a investimentos reais na expansão ocorrida. Reforça-se, por fim, o indicativo da ausência de uma política de financiamento.

Introduction: One third of older adults fall each year, and falls are costly to both the patient in terms of morbidity and mortality and to the health system. Given that falls are a preventable cause of injury, our objective was to understand the characteristics and trends of emergency department (ED) fall-related visits among older adults. We hypothesize that falls among older adults are increasing and examine potential factors associated with this rise, such as race, ethnicity, gender, insurance and geography. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) to determine fall trends over time by examining changes in ED visit rates for falls in the United States between 2003 and 2010, detailing differences by gender, sociodemographic characteristics and geographic region. Results: Between 2003 and 2010, the visit rate for falls and fall-related injuries among people age ≥ 65 increased from 60.4 (95% confidence interval [CI][51.9–68.8]) to 68.8 (95% CI [57.8–79.8]) per 1,000 population (p=0.03 for annual trend). Among subgroups, visits by patients aged 75–84 years increased from 56.2 to 82.1 per 1,000 (P

Introducción. Desde el curso 2003-2004 impartimos en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universitat de Barcelona la asignatura optativa semipresencial 'Elementos diagnósticos en medicina interna', en la que se aborda el diagnóstico a través de análisis de laboratorio, pruebas funcionales, de imagen y electrocardiografía. Materiales y métodos. Tras las sesiones presenciales, el material docente se deposita en la página web o campus virtual de la asignatura, a partir del cual los estudiantes responden a seis cuestionarios. Resultados. En el curso 2008-2009 se matricularon 61 alumnos de cuarto a sexto curso. Veintisiete alumnos (44,26%) respondieron correctamente a más de la mitad de las preguntas, el 31,15% no alcanzó esta cifra y el 24,59% no completó el programa de evaluaciones. Las puntuaciones más altas se han dado de las pruebas funcionales respiratorias, y las más bajas, en la evaluación de la radiografía de tórax. Conclusiones. No es fácil la evaluación de competencias clínicas. El coste de realización de las pruebas y la resistencia de los estudiantes a ser evaluados quedan soslayados en esta experiencia, donde los estudiantes se matriculan voluntariamente. La sencillez del proyecto permitiría evaluar en competencias clínicas a todos los estudiantes de la facultad en los cursos clínicos cuando aún es posible la formación. Una vez comprobado que los estudiantes tienen una buena aceptación del sistema propuesto, se podría diseñar un sistema de acceso a créditos docentes y un plan de formación específica en las materias no superadas.Introduction. From the course 2003-2004, we give in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Barcelona a matter called Diagnostics Elements in Internal Medicine, for the diagnostic through analysis of laboratory, functional proofs, of image and electrocardiogram. Materials and methods. All the educational material is deposited in the page web of the topic and through it the students answer the 6 questionnaires. Results. In the course 2008-2009, 61 students have choose the topic. 27 students (44,26%) answered correctly more than 50% of the questions. 31,15% did not achieve this figure and 24,59% did not complete the program of evaluations. The highest punctuations have given in respiratory functional proofs and the lowest in the evaluation of the thoracic X-ray. Conclusions. It's not easy the evaluation of clinical skills. The cost of realization of the proofs and the resistance of the students to be evaluated remain skewed in this experience where the students participate voluntarily. The simplicity of the project would allow evaluating in clinical skills all the students of the faculty in the clinical courses period when it still is possible the training. The students have a good acceptance of the system proposed, and it could design a system of access to educational credits and a plan of specific training in the no surpassed matters.

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper uses the advanced spatial shift-share method to examine the tendency of some occupational diseases to occur in particular regions and sectors of the economy. The analysis, conducted in the years 2003–2010, concerned groups of diseases, and was based on regional data on occupational disease incidence in Poland according to disease groups. The analyzed variables were relative increments (of rates of changes) of the number of diagnosed occupational diseases, whereas the reference variable was the share of the diagnosed occupational diseases (in particular regions and groups of diseases) in the general number of diagnosed occupational diseases in the country (regional weights). The results of that research were then used to compare classical and non-classical methods of shift-share analysis.