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Machine learning is one of the most important subfields of computer science and can be used to solve a variety of interesting artificial intelligence problems. There are different languages, framework and tools to define the data needed to solve machine learning-based problems. However, there is a great number of very diverse alternatives which makes it difficult the intercommunication, portability and re-usability of the definitions, designs or algorithms that any developer may create. In this paper, we take the first step towards a language and a development environment independent of the underlying technologies, allowing developers to design solutions to solve machine learning-based problems in a simple and fast way, automatically generating code for other technologies. That can be considered a transparent bridge among current technologies. We rely on Model-Driven Engineering approach, focusing on the creation of models to abstract the definition of artifacts from the underlying technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morality and emotions are linked, but what is the nature of their correspondence? Many “whole number” accounts posit specific correspondences between moral content and discrete emotions, such that harm is linked to anger, and purity is linked to disgust. A review of the literature provides little support for these specific morality–emotion links. Moreover, any apparent specificity may arise from global features shared between morality and emotion, such as affect and conceptual content. These findings are consistent with a constructionist perspective of the mind, which argues against a whole number of discrete and domain-specific mental mechanisms underlying morality and emotion. Instead, constructionism emphasizes the flexible combination of basic and domain-general ingredients such as core affect and conceptualization in creating the experience of moral judgments and discrete emotions. The implications of constructionism in moral psychology are discussed, and we propose an experimental framework for rigorously testing morality–emotion links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Service-oriented computing has emerged as an effective approach for integrating business (and systems) that might spread throughout different organizations. A service is a unit of logic modularization that hides implementation details using well-defined contracts. However, existing languages for contract specification in this domain present several limitations. For instance, both WSDL and Swagger use language-independent data formats (XML and JSON) that are not suitable for specifying contracts and often lead to heavyweight specifications. Interface description languages, such as CORBA IDL and Apache Thrift, solve this issue by providing specific languages for contract specifications. Nevertheless, these languages do not target to the REST architectural style and lack support for language extensibility. In this paper we present the design and implementation of NeoIDL, an extensible domain specific language and program generator for writing REST based contracts that are further translated into service's implementations. In addition, we also present a systematic evaluation of our approach from different perspectives, which involved the implementation of different services using NeoIDL from the domain of Command & Control. In particular, we found initial evidences that shows that NeoIDL can contribute: (i) to bring return on investment with respect to the design and development of NeoIDL, after the implementation of 4 to 7 services; and (ii) to reduce significantly the number of lines of specification when compared to an existing service specification language such as Swagger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a set of computer-aided tools for problem analysis in the software development process. Jackson's problem diagrams are used to model the problem owners' needs and relevant contexts for the software to be built. An algorithm based on three classes of rules is provided for the systematic transformation of these models into behavioral descriptions of the software. This work is part of our long-term research efforts aiming at embedding and empirically evaluating Jackson's Problem Frames framework (PF) in requirements engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Document summarization deals with providing condensed version of the original document. We present an extractive informative single medical document summarization approach. We compare the tokens in the sentence with cue words. A sentence ranking method is used to extract the important sentences. The existing summarizers are used for performance analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organisation of corporate wikis tends to deteriorate as time goes by. Rearranging categories, structuring articles and even moving sections among articles are cumbersome tasks in current wiki engines. This discourages the layman. But, it is the layman who writes the articles, knows the wiki content and detects refactoring opportunities. Our goal is to improve the refactoring affordances of current wiki engines by providing an alternative front-end tuned to refactoring. This is achieved by (1) surfacing the structure of the wiki corpus as a mind map, and (2) conducting refactoring as mind map reshaping. To this end, we introduceWikiWhirl, a domain-specific language for wiki refactoring.WikiWhirlis supported as an extension ofFreeMind, a popular mind mapping tool. In this way, refactoring operations are intuitively conducted as actions upon mind map nodes. In a refactoring session a user imports the wiki structure as aFreeMindmap; next, conducts the refactoring operations on the map, and finally, the effects are saved in the wiki database. The operational semantics of theWikiWhirloperations follow refactoring good practices (e.g., authorship preservation). Results from a controlled experiment suggest thatWikiWhirloutperformsMediaWikiin three main affordance enablers: understandability, productivity and fulfillment of refactoring good practices. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Delta modeling is a modular, yet flexible approach to capture variability by explicitly representing differences between system variants or versions. The conceptual idea of delta modeling is language-independent. But, to apply delta modeling to a concrete language, either a generic transformation language has to be used or the corresponding delta language has to be manually developed for each considered base language. Generic languages and their tool support often lack readability and specific context condition checking, since they are unrelated to the base language. In this paper, we present a process that allows synthesizing a delta language from the grammar of a given base language. Our method relies on an automatically generated language extension that can be manually adapted to meet domain-specific needs. We illustrate our method using delta modeling on a textual variant of architecture diagrams. Furthermore, we evaluate our method using a comparative case study. This case study covers an architectural, a structural, and a behavioral language and compares the preexisting handwritten grammars to the generated grammars as well as the manually tailored grammars. This paper is an extension of Haber et al. (Proceedings of the 17th international software product line conference (SPLC'13), pp 22-31, ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Functional Abstraction of Symbolic Transducers (FAST) language for programs to manipulate trees using domains. Topics discussed include development of tree transducers and tree automata by FAST, integration of symbolic automata using FAST, information on Domain-Specific Languages (DSL), and extensible markup language (XML) transformations of tree transducers.

Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are used for improving many facets of software development, but whether and to what extent this aim is achieved is an important issue that must be addressed. This paper presents a proposal for a Framework for Qualitative Assessment of DSLs (FQAD). FQAD is used for determining the perspective of the evaluator, understanding the goal of the assessment and selecting fundamental DSL quality characteristics to guide the evaluator in the process. This framework adapts and integrates the ISO/IEC 25010:2011 standard, CMMI maturity level evaluation approach and the scaling approach used in DESMET into a perspective-based assessment. A detailed list of domain-specific language quality characteristics is elaborated, and a novel assessment method is proposed. Two case studies through which FQAD is matured and evaluated are reported. The case studies have shown that stakeholders find the FQAD process beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors take a closer look at how the visualization community has discussed visual storytelling and present a visual data storytelling process, incorporating steps involved in finding insights (explore data), turning these insights into a narrative (make a story), and communicating this narrative to an audience (tell a story). They also discuss opportunities for future research in visualization as a storytelling medium in the light of this broader process. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Software traceability is a required element in the development and certification of safety-critical software systems. However, trace links, which are created at significant cost and effort, are often underutilized in practice due primarily to the fact that project stakeholders often lack the skills needed to formulate complex trace queries. To mitigate this problem, we present a solution which transforms spoken or written natural language queries into structured query language (SQL). TiQi includes a general database query mechanism and a domain-specific model populated with trace query concepts, project-specific terminology, token disambiguators, and query transformation rules. We report results from four different experiments exploring user preferences for natural language queries, accuracy of the generated trace queries, efficacy of the underlying disambiguators, and stability of the trace query concepts. Experiments are conducted against two different datasets and show that users have a preference for written NL queries. Queries were transformed at accuracy rates ranging from 47 to 93 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cube v3 has been a powerful tool to examine reports of the parallel performance tool Scalasca, but was basically unable to perform analyses on its own. With Cube v4 , we addressed several shortcomings of Cube v3 . We generalized the Cube data model, extended the list of supported data types, and allow operations with nontrivial algebras, e.g. for performance models or statistical data. Additionally, we introduced two major new features that greatly enhance the performance analysis features of Cube: Derived metrics and GUI plugins. Derived metrics can be used to create and manipulate metrics directly within the GUI, using a powerful domain-specific language called CubePL . Cube GUI plugins allow the development of novel performance analysis techniques and visualizations based on Cube data without changing the source code of the Cube GUI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complex problems that computational science addresses are more and more benefiting from the progress of computing facilities (simulators, librairies, accessible languages,. .). Nevertheless, the actual solutions call for several improvements. Among those, we address in this paper the needs for leveraging on knowledge and expertise by focusing on Domain-Specific Modeling Languages application. In this vision paper we illustrate, through concrete experiments, how the last DSML research help getting closer the problem and implementation spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Model-based software development tools should provide user-friendly navigation services to allow users browsing (show/hide and zoom in/zoom out) various model details in diagrams. This functionality is crucial in development of large-scale models. In this paper, we present an approach for formal definition of navigation services based on transformations. We introduce view-to-view transformations applying ATL, and present formal definition of navigation service. We also present a prototype implementing the approach. The prototype adds facilities of navigation servicers design to GMF and uses KIELLER toolset for layout of transformation results. A graphical editor for UML class diagrams with 12 navigation services, which have been specified using the approach, is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large number of model transformation languages and tools have emerged since the early 2000s. A transformation engineer is thus left with too many choices for the language he use to perform a specific transformation task. Furthermore, it is currently not possible to combine or reuse transformations implemented in different languages. We therefore propose T-Core, a framework where primitive transformation constructs can be combined to define and encapsulate reusable model transformation idioms. In this context, the transformation engineer is free to use existing transformation building blocks from an extensible library or define his own transformation units. The proposed primitive transformation operators are the result of deconstructing different existing transformation languages. Reconstructing these languages offers a common basis to compare their expressiveness, provides a framework for inter-operating them, and allows the transformation engineer to design transformations with the most appropriate constructs for the task at hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every BPMS must have some facilities for transforming its process definition language to the form directly executable by its execution engine. The paper discusses the situation when different domain specific process languages need to be transformed to one target environment. A new approach based on domain specific mappings is proposed. First, the concept of virtual functional view on target metamodel is introduced which permits to describe the creation of target model elements at a higher level of abstraction by simple functions. Then mapping rule definition based on the virtual view is presented which provides in most cases a simple description how source model elements must be passed to these functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – Information scholars frequently make use of “conceptual imports” – epistemological and methodological models developed in other disciplines – when conducting their own research. The purpose of this paper is to make the case that social semiotics is a worthy candidate to add to the information sciences toolkit. Design/methodology/approach – Both traditional and social semiotics are described in detail, with key texts cited. To demonstrate the benefits social semiotic methods may bring to the information sciences, the digital display screen is then employed as a test case. Findings – By treating the display as a semiotic resource, the author is able to demonstrate that, rather than being a transparent window by which the author may access all of the data, the screen actually distorts and conceals a significant amount of information, and severely restricts the control users have over software packages such as online public access catalogues. A programming paradigm known as language-oriented programming (LOP), however, can help to remedy these issues. Originality/value – The test case is meant to provide a framework by which other information sciences issues may be explores via social semiotic methods. Social semiotics, moreover, is still evolving as a subject matter, so IS scholars could also potentially contribute to its continued development with their work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific programmers often turn to vendor-tuned Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) to obtain portable high performance. However, many numerical algorithms require several BLAS calls in sequence, and those successive calls do not achieve optimal performance. The entire sequence needs to be optimized in concert. Instead of vendor-tuned BLAS, a programmer could start with source code in Fortran or C (e.g., based on the Netlib BLAS) and use a state-of-the-art optimizing compiler. However, our experiments show that optimizing compilers often attain only one-quarter of the performance of hand-optimized code. In this article, we present a domain-specific compiler for matrix kernels, the Build to Order BLAS (BTO), that reliably achieves high performance using a scalable search algorithm for choosing the best combination of loop fusion, array contraction, and multithreading for data parallelism. The BTO compiler generates code that is between 16% slower and 39% faster than hand-optimized code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the R package sae for small area estimation. This package can be used to obtain model-based estimates for small areas based on a variety of models at the area and unit levels, along with basic direct and indirect estimates. Mean squared errors are estimated by analytical approximations in simple models and applying bootstrap procedures in more complex models. We describe the package functions and show how to use them through examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of domain adaptation in statistical machine translation systems emanates from the fundamental assumption that test and training data are drawn independently from the same distribution (topic, domain, genre, style etc.). In real-life translation tasks, the sparseness of in-domain parallel training data often leads to poor model estimation, and consequentially poor translation quality. Domain adaptation by supplementary data selection aims at addressing this specific issue by selecting relevant parallel training data from out-of-domain or general-domain bi-text to enhance the quality of a poor baseline system. State-of-the-art research in data selection focuses on the development of novel similarity measures to improve the relevance of selected data. However, in this paper we approach the problem from a different perspective. In contrast to the conventional approach of using the entire available target-domain data as a reference for supplementary data selection, we restrict the reference set to only those sentences that are expected to be poorly translated by the baseline MT system using a Quality Estimation model. Our rationale is to focus help (i.e. supplementary training material) to where it is needed most. Automatic quality estimation techniques are used to identify such poorly translated sentences in the target domain. The experiments reported in this paper show that (i) this technique provides statistically significant improvements over the unadapted baseline translation and (ii) using significantly smaller amounts of supplementary data our approach achieves results comparable to state-of-the-art approaches using conventional reference sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary concern of an ecological modeller is to construct a model that is mathematically correct and that correctly represents the essence of a natural system. When models are published as software, it is moreover in the hope of capturing an audience who will use and appreciate the model. For that purpose, the model software must be provided with an intuitive, flexible and expressive user interface. A graphical user interface (GUI) is the commonly accepted norm but in this review we suggest, that a domain-specific language (DSL) in many cases would provide as good an interface as a GUI, or even better. We identified only 13 DSLs that have been used in ecological modelling, revealing a general ignorance of DSLs in the ecological modelling community. Moreover, most of these DSLs were not formulated for the ecological modelling domain but for the broader, generic modelling domain. We discuss how DSLs could possibly fill out a vacant niche in the dominant paradigm for ecological modelling, which is modular, object-oriented and often component-based. We conclude that ecological modelling would benefit from a wider appreciation of DSL methodology. Especially, there is a scope for new DSLs operating in the rich concepts of ecology, rather than in the bland concepts of modelling generics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutation testing is an effective test adequacy assessment technique. However, there is a high computational cost in executing the test suite against a potentially large pool of generated mutants. Moreover, there is much effort involved in filtering out equivalent mutants. Prior work has mainly focused on detecting equivalent mutants after the mutation generation phase, which is computationally expensive and has limited efficiency. We propose an algorithm to select variables and branches for mutation as well as a metric, called $FunctionRank$ , to rank functions according to their relative importance from the application’s behaviour point of view. We present a technique that leverages static and dynamic analysis to guide the mutation generation process towards parts of the code that are more likely to influence the program’s output. Further, we focus on the JavaScript language, and propose a set of mutation operators that are specific to web applications. We implement our approach in a tool called Mutandis. The results of our empirical evaluation show that (1) more than 93 percent of generated mutants are non-equivalent, and (2) more than 75 percent of the surviving non-equivalent mutants are in the top 30 percent of the ranked functions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Robotic systems are complex, software intensive and heterogeneous composite systems. Software systems engineering and system integration is still a major challenge in robotics. We describe how component based software engineering (CBSE), model-driven software development (MDSD) and domain-specific languages (DSLs) for variability management complement each other in addressing the robotics software challenge. We outline how these approaches pave the way towards a software business ecosystem in robotics. We put a focus onto challenges still being considered as open and worth being addressed next. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To enable topical web crawling, link-context is the critical contextual information of anchor text for retrieving domain-specific resources. While some link-contexts may misguide topical web crawling and extract wrong web pages, because several relevant anchor texts become irrelevant or several irrelevant anchor texts become relevant after calculating the relevance between the link-contexts and the feature terms of the specific topic. In view of above, this paper presents a heuristic-based approach by selectively using link-context and implements DOM tree to locate the anchor text. Unlike previous crawling algorithms, which only zero in on link-context and ignore whether it is really needed or not. Our method cares both link-context and evaluating its necessity to correctly use link-context to guide topical crawling. Accordingly, our topical crawler can retrieve more relevant web pages. Experimental results indicate that this approach outperforms breadthfirst, best-first, anchor text only, link-context both in harvest rate and target recall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a recommendation system that provides refactoring guidelines for maintainers when tackling architectural erosion. The paper formalizes 32 refactoring recommendations to repair violations raised by static architecture conformance checking approaches; it describes a tool-called ArchFix-that triggers the proposed recommendations; and it evaluates the application of this tool in two industrial-strength systems. For the first system-a 21 KLOC open-source strategic management system-our approach has indicated correct refactoring recommendations for 31 out of 41 violations detected as the result of an architecture conformance process. For the second system-a 728 KLOC customer care system used by a major telecommunication company-our approach has triggered correct recommendations for 624 out of 787 violations, as asserted by the system's architect. Moreover, the architects have scored 82% of these recommendations as having moderate or major complexity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logical process (LP) is a modelling paradigm widely used in parallel discrete-event simulation (PDES). However, effective methods for formalizing LP-based modelling of PDES are lacking. This prevents an unambiguous, platform-independent description of LP-based models. We present a formalism named partitioned event graph (PEG) as a solution. PEG extends classical event graph formalism towards a formal specification for LP-based PDES models. We map between PEG and LP-based models, define the structural operational semantics (SOS) in a timed-labelled transition system, and discuss the Wallclock time-based execution. We propose a PEG-based model transformation framework for PDES, which has three model representation phases and distinguishes amongst four kinds of personnel roles. Finally, we present a domain-specific language (DSL) for the PDES of a Lotka–Volterra system and obtain preliminary parallel simulation results using YinHe Simulation Utilities for Parallel Environment (YHSUPE). The case study shows that the PEG-based framework not only effectively transforms a DSL into the LP paradigm, but will also result in efficient parallel simulation on a specific platform. In summary, by setting out specific characteristics for event scheduling and state space partition in the LP paradigm, PEG provides a formal method for model behaviour analysis and cross-platform model transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Firms can harness social user networks not only for ideation, but also to accelerate and facilitate diffusion of new product introductions. They select individuals whose own product adoptions and opinions influence adoption decisions of others. In this paper we transfer this rationale to firm employees. We focus on 'embedded users' who are employees of a firm, but at the same time users of the firm's products. We aim to find out if their access to user networks, use experience and lead userness impact their opinion leadership and domain-specific innovativeness. We also show how cognitive empathy towards external users is a mechanism to explain these relationships. Drawing on the user innovation and consumer behaviour literature, we derive and test eight hypotheses on a sample of 54 firm employees in gaming hardware firms. We find that lead userness is positively related to domain-specific innovativeness and opinion leadership, but use experience only to the former. Cognitive empathy mediates all relationships in our study. To facilitate embedded users' tendency to act as opinion leaders and to adopt new products, managers should encourage their employees to use the firm's products to build use experience and thus develop cognitive empathy towards external users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Domain-Specific Aspect Languages (DSALs) are Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) designed to express crosscutting concerns. Compared to DSLs, their aspectual nature greatly amplifies the language design space.We structure this space in order to shed light on and compare the different domain-specific approaches to deal with crosscutting concerns. We report on a corpus of 36 DSALs covering the space, discuss a set of design considerations, and provide a taxonomy of DSAL implementation approaches. This work serves as a frame of reference to DSAL and DSL researchers, enabling further advances in the field, and to developers as a guide for DSAL implementations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY Domain-specific languages (DSLs) are well-recognized to ease programming and improve robustness for a specific domain, by providing high-level domain-specific notations and checks of domain-specific properties. The compiler of a DSL, however, is often difficult to develop and maintain, because of the need to define a specific treatment for a large and potentially increasing number of language constructs. To address this issue, we propose an approach for specifying a DSL compiler using control-flow sensitive concrete-syntax based matching rules. These rules either collect information about the source code to carry out checks or perform transformations to carry out compilation. Because rules only mention the relevant constructs, using their concrete syntax, and hide the complexity of control-flow graph traversal, it is easy to understand the purpose of each rule. Furthermore, new compilation steps can be added using only a small number of lines of code. We explore this approach in the context of the z2z DSL for network gateway development and show that it is beneficial to implement the core of its compiler in this manner.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today more and more information on the Web makes it difficult to get domain-specific information due to the huge amount of data sources and the keywords that have few features. Anchor texts, which contain a few features of a specific topic, play an important role in domain-specific information retrieval, especially in Web page classification. However, the features contained in anchor texts are not informative enough. This paper presents a novel incremental method for Web page classification enhanced by link-contexts and clustering. Directly applying the vector of anchor text to a classifier might not get a good result because of the limited amount of features. Link-context is used first to obtain the contextual information of the anchor text. Then, a hierarchical clustering method is introduced to cluster feature vectors and content unit, which increases the length of a feature vector belonging to one specific class. Finally, incremental SVM is proposed to get the final classifier and increase the accuracy and efficiency of a classifier. Experimental results show that the performance of our proposed method outperforms the conventional topical Web crawler in Harvest rate and Target recall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Embedded devices are crucial enablers of the Internet of Things and become increasingly common in our daily life. They store, manipulate and transmit sensitive information and, therefore, must be protected against security threats. Due to the security and also resource constraint concerns, designing secure networked embedded systems is a difficult task. Model-based development (MBD) is promoted to address complexity and ease the design of software intensive systems. We leverage MBD and domain-specific modelling to characterise common issues related to security and embedded systems that are specific to a given application domain. Security-specific knowledge relevant for a certain application domain is represented in the form of an adapted information security ontology. Further, the elements of the ontology are associated with security building blocks modelled with the MBD method SPACE. The selection of relevant security building blocks is based on (i) assets automatically elicited from the functional models, (ii) domain security knowledge captured by the security expert and (iii) the platform adopted by the embedded system engineer. A tool is developed to support the steps supporting this methodology and help to bridge between the security and embedded systems domains. We illustrate our approach with a case study from the smart metering domain.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the size of image data from microscopes and telescopes increases, the need for high-throughput processing and visualization of large volumetric data has become more pressing. At the same time, many-core processors and GPU accelerators are commonplace, making high-performance distributed heterogeneous computing systems affordable. However, effectively utilizing GPU clusters is difficult for novice programmers, and even experienced programmers often fail to fully leverage the computing power of new parallel architectures due to their steep learning curve and programming complexity. In this paper, we propose Vivaldi, a new domain-specific language for volume processing and visualization on distributed heterogeneous computing systems. Vivaldi's Python-like grammar and parallel processing abstractions provide flexible programming tools for non-experts to easily write high-performance parallel computing code. Vivaldi provides commonly used functions and numerical operators for customized visualization and high-throughput image processing applications. We demonstrate the performance and usability of Vivaldi on several examples ranging from volume rendering to image segmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article presents tCF (testCaseFramework) - a domain specific language with corresponding toolchain for specification-based software testing of embedded software. tCF is designed for efficient preparation of maintainable and intelligible test cases and for testing process automation, as it allows to generate platform specific test cases for various testing levels. The article describes the essential parts of the tCF meta-model and the applied concept of platform specific test cases generators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web service (WS) orchestration can be considered as a fundamental concept in service-oriented architectures (SOA), as well as in spatial data infrastructures (SDI). In recent years in SOA, advanced solutions were developed, such as realizing orchestrated web services on the basis of already existing more fine-granular web services by using standardized notations and existing orchestration engines. Even if the concepts can be mapped to the field of SDI, on a conceptual level the implementations target different goals. As a specialized form of a common web service, an Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) web service (OWS) is optimized for a specific purpose. On the technological level, web services depend on standards like the Web Service Description Language (WSDL) or the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). However OWS are different. Consequently, a new concept for OWS orchestration is needed that works on the interface provided by OWS. Such a concept is presented in this work. The major component is an orchestration engine integrated in a Web Processing Service (WPS) server that uses a domain specific language (DSL) for workflow description. The developed concept is the base for the realization of new functionality, such as workflow testing, and workflow optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional approach for specifying adaptive behavior in embedded applications requires developers to engage in error-prone programming tasks. This results in long design cycles and in the inherent inability to explore and evaluate a wide variety of alternative adaptation behaviors, critical for systems exposed to dynamic operational and situational environments. In this paper, we introduce a domain-specific language (DSL) for specifying and implementing run-time adaptable application behavior. We illustrate our approach using a real-life stereo navigation application as a case study, highlighting the impact and benefits of dynamically adapting algorithm parameters. The experiments reveal our approach effective, as such run-time adaptations are easily specified in a higher level by the DSL, and thus at a lower programming effort than when using a general-purpose language such as C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metamodelling is one of the pillars of model-driven engineering, used for language engineering and domain modelling. Even though metamodelling is traditionally based on a two-metalevel approach, several researchers have pointed out limitations of this solution and proposed an alternative deep (also called multi-level) approach to obtain simpler system specifications. However, this approach currently lacks a formalisation that can be used to explain fundamental concepts such as deep characterisation, double linguistic/ontological typing and linguistic extension. This paper provides such a formalisation based on the Diagram Predicate Framework, and discusses its practical realisation in the metaDepth tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]