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Background An overall increase has been reported in vaccination rates among adolescents during the past decade. Studies of vaccination coverage have shown disparities when comparing foreign-born and U.S.-born populations among children and adults; however, limited information is available concerning potential disparities in adolescents. Methods The National Immunization Survey-Teen is a random-digit–dialed telephone survey of caregivers of adolescents aged 13–17 years, followed by a mail survey to vaccination providers that is used to estimate vaccination coverage among the U.S. population of adolescents. Using the National Immunization Survey-Teen data, we assessed vaccination coverage during 2012–2014 among adolescents for routinely recommended vaccines for this age group (≥1 dose tetanus and diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis [Tdap] vaccine, ≥1 dose quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate [MenACWY] vaccine, ≥3 doses human papillomavirus [HPV] vaccine) and for routine childhood vaccination catch-up doses (≥2 doses measles, mumps, and rubella [MMR] vaccine, ≥2 doses varicella vaccine, and ≥3 doses hepatitis B [HepB] vaccine). Vaccination coverage prevalence and vaccination prevalence ratios were estimated. Results Of the 58,090 respondents included, 3.3% were foreign-born adolescents. Significant differences were observed between foreign-born and U.S.-born adolescents for insurance status, income-to-poverty ratio, education, interview language, and household size. Foreign-born adolescents had significantly lower unadjusted vaccination coverage for HepB (89% vs. 93%), and higher coverage for the recommended ≥3 doses of HPV vaccine among males, compared with U.S.-born adolescents (22% vs. 14%). Adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors accounted for the disparity in HPV but not HepB vaccination coverage. Conclusions We report comparable unadjusted vaccination coverage among foreign-born and U.S.-born adolescents for Tdap, MenACWY, MMR, ≥2 varicella. Although coverage was high for HepB vaccine, it was significantly lower among foreign-born adolescents, compared with U.S.-born adolescents. HPV and ≥2-dose varicella vaccination coverage were low among both groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

‘From Selling Out to Savvy Strategy’ focuses on the way independent music became more popular as a result of a number of industrial and cultural factors upon which The O.C. was able to capitalize, examines the discourse around the licensing of music at the time of its production, and illustrates how the show encapsulates an evolutionary moment in the history of indie music on television. Focusing on The O.C. is important for addressing how the changing cultural position of music genres and the economic realities of converging media are intricately interwoven. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic evaluation of text-messaging and smartphone-based interventions to improve medication adherence in adolescents with chronic health conditions: a systematic review. Keywords: adherence; adolescents; AYA; children; compliance; engagement; liver; medication; mhealth; mobile health; pediatric; positive; praise; reinforcement; teen; text messaging; transplant; young adults EN adherence adolescents AYA children compliance engagement liver medication mhealth mobile health pediatric positive praise reinforcement teen text messaging transplant young adults 1 2 2 10/13/22 20221101 NES 221101 Abbreviations AYA adolescents and young adults COM-B capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior mHealth mobile health Medication nonadherence remains a major challenge among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with chronic medical conditions, including liver transplant,1-3 and it has been associated with worse health outcomes and impaired health-related quality of life.4-7 Mobile health (mHealth) or digital behavioral interventions have shown high acceptability and feasibility as well as promising efficacy improving adherence levels with important clinical benefits.8-12 Nevertheless, cost-effectiveness of these interventions has not been established.13 Moreover, ongoing engagement with different interventions continues to be suboptimal.14 This dilemma brings three key questions: (1) what strategies can we use to optimize engagement with mHealth or digital behavioral interventions?. [Extracted from the article]

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has developed as one of the most promising technologies for the future. This has been achieved by advances in technology to avail small, inexpensive, and smart sensors, which result in cost effective and easily deployable WSNs. Clustering technique is used in communication protocols, so that considerable amount of energy has been conserved while transmitting the data to the cluster head rather than directly to the far away sink. In some applications, the sensors will be triggered to send data when the sensed data exceed the threshold value. In these circumstances, limited number of sensor nodes gets activated and sends the data and remaining nodes are under idle mode. Hence energy consumption is more in these activated regions, which leads to death of sensors nodes. It is concentrated on these activated sensors and find the change in the ratio between the active nodes and alive nodes to calculate the optimal cluster number for each round. The optimum number of clusters is calculated so that the balanced clusters are created. Extensive analysis has been made with e isting protocols, and found that the proposed methodology out performs the existing protocol in terms of networks life time and throughput. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To describe the central experiences of teens living with food-induced anaphylaxis as a first step in responding to healthcare needs in this population. Background As prevalence of allergy increases and commonly outgrown allergies persist longer, chronic management for teens becomes increasingly important. Synthesizing existing research helps to recognize management needs specific to teens with food allergy. Design Meta-aggregation for qualitative systematic review, to create synthesis for clinical improvement; guided by Joanna Briggs Institute methods and their Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument. Data sources Seven relevant databases were searched for original qualitative research July 2015; 10 studies (published 2007-2015) met inclusion criteria. Review methods Both authors undertook critical appraisal, with consensus by discussion. Findings from line-by-line extraction were grouped into categories and syntheses. In studies with mixed populations, we included only teens (age 12-19) with food-induced anaphylaxis. Results We developed three syntheses from nine categories and 64 subcategories to reflect central experiences of teens with food-induced anaphylaxis, including: (1) defining the allergic self; (2) finding a balance and (3) controlling the uncontrollable. The syntheses encompass importance of allergic identity/understanding, difficulties in coping with burdens of food allergy and reflect the complex risk interactions teens must negotiate in social contexts. Conclusion There is a need to respect teens as active participants in managing food-induced anaphylaxis, while recognizing that social expectations and a lack of public awareness/safety can dangerously affect one's needs and decisions. This helps broaden how we conceptualize the needs of teens living with food-induced anaphylaxis, informing ongoing care and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The UK has the highest rate of teenage pregnancies in Western Europe and within the UK higher rates are found amongst women with certain social risk factors, such as those who live in areas of higher deprivation. Teenage pregnancy can be a positive event for some young women. However, there are a number of adverse social outcomes associated with teenage motherhood in the UK, including being more likely to live in poverty, being unemployed or having lower salaries and educational achievements than their peers. Furthermore, children of teenage mothers are more likely to become teenage parents themselves. Strategies to tackle social issues associated with teenage pregnancy need to involve concurrent interventions, including education, skill building, clinical and social support for teenage mothers and contraception services for young people and pregnant teenagers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to create Teenstagram, a visualization for online pattern activity using Instagram dataset from teen users (junior high school, 7 th - 9 th grade) in Surabaya, Indonesia. First, an offline workshop about ethics using Internet and social media for 18 junior high schools in Surabaya were conducted about three weeks, from 3 rd until 26 th October 2016. Second, we create Teenstagram, by building a web application to visualize and analyze the pattern activity from teen users using Instagram. We get the 290 Instagram users account from 579 students who fill in the survey from the first stage of the research. We employ K-Modes using R to cluster the dataset with six categorical features; online type activity (like, comment follow), days in the week (Monday – Sunday), hour (00-23), student activity (study time, rest time, school time), type of school (public and private activity), and sex (male, female). We propose a tool for analyzing Instagram dataset for online time activity, this result reveals the time pattern from the teen users using social media (e.g. Instagram) and what are the characteristics of each pattern has. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé La mort fait partie de la vie, mais reste une réalité difficilement pensable surtout lorsqu’elle touche un enfant et qu’il s’agit alors d’envisager le processus psychique consécutif à cette perte définitive qu’est le deuil. Le fait qu’un enfant, surtout très jeune, puisse souffrir psychiquement de la perte d’un proche reste difficile à admettre et bien des enfants endeuillés se retrouvent seuls face à un monde d’adulte indifférent à sa détresse, car convaincu qu’il ne peut pas être touché comme eux puisqu’il n’exprime pas son chagrin de la même façon. Cette méconnaissance de la clinique du deuil chez l’enfant et ses spécificités selon les âges, n’est pas sans conséquence pour leur devenir, comme en témoignent les souffrances psychiques d’adultes endeuillés dans leur enfance et confrontés, enfants, au déni de leur entourage. Notre pratique clinique nous amène à intervenir auprès d’enfants endeuillés à différents moments de cette épreuve, que ce soit dès le moment de l’annonce du décès ou de leur prise en charge quand ils ont été confrontés à cette mort, dans les jours ou les mois qui suivent ; mais également des années plus tard quand, devenus adultes, leur deuil infantile est réactivé à l’occasion de la confrontation à un autre événement traumatique. Cette expérience nous a permis de constater combien il est essentiel de connaître les spécificités des manifestations cliniques du deuil selon les âges car, trop souvent, la souffrance des enfants endeuillés n’est pas comprise pour ce qu’elle est. Nous aborderons dans un premier temps ce qui fait du deuil infantile une réalité impensable ; nous discuterons ensuite de la pluralité contextuelle de ces deuils et de leurs manifestations selon la période infantile où ils surviennent ; enfin, à partir des éléments repérés dans notre pratique clinique nous envisagerons, à la lumière de l’état actuel des publications sur ce sujet, les éléments qui apparaissent comme source de survictimisation du deuil infantile et ceux qui permettent de renforcer les ressources résilientes individuelles et collectives. Summary Death is a part of life but remains difficult to think about, especially when it affects a child and when it is then a question of the psychic process precipitating the definitive loss, which is grief. The fact that a child, especially a very young one, can suffer psychically from the loss of a parent is difficult to admit, and many grieving children find themselves alone and facing an indifferent adult's world: the adults convinced that children can’t be affected as they are because they doesn’t express their pain in the same way. This misunderstanding of the clinical sense of mourning in the child and its age-specificities has consequence for their future; witness the psychic suffering of adults who, as children grieving, met with denial from those around them. Our clinical practice leads us to intervene with children at different times during these periods, whether at the moment of the death announcement or their care in the days and months that follow the confrontation with death, but also years later when, now adults, their infantile grief is reactivated by another traumatic event. This experience showed us how essential it is to know the specific details of clinical demonstrations of grief by age, because too often the suffering of bereaved children is not understood for what it is. We shall first discuss what makes infantile mourning an unthinkable reality; we shall then discuss the contextual plurality of these mourning processes according to the age period in which they happen; finally, from elements noted in our clinical practice we shall consider, in the light of current publication on this subject, the elements which appear to be at the source of over-victimization of child grief and those who allow the strengthening of resilience in individual and collective contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we proposed the clustering algorithm using fuzzy inference system for improving adaptability the cluster head selection of TEEN for the wireless multimedia sensor network. The stochastic selection method cannot guarantee available of cluster head. Furthermore, as the formation of clusters is not optimized, the network lifetime is impeded. To improve this problem, we propose the algorithm that gathers attributes of sensor node to evaluate probability to be cluster head. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Wireless Sensor Network is a consisting of spatially distributed autonomous systems with a communication for monitoring and recording conditions at diverse locations. WSN is built of nodes from a few to several hundred or even thousand, where each node is connected to one sensors. WSN is an emerging and attractive research area in which several applications such as health care, smart home, agriculture, and military are making use of it. Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues in wireless sensor network. A cluster is a group of servers and other machines act like a single system. Clusters enable high availability, load balancing and parallel processing in certain situation. Clustering algorithm is used to reduce the energy consumption and improves the lifetime of the network. Clustering reduces traffic flow, minimizes energy consumption, increase residual energy and extend the lifetime of the sensor network. This paper includes study of various energy efficient clustering algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pivotal to the transition into adulthood is sexual maturation, an inescapable rite of passage which this article investigates across a range of contemporary American media. Beginning in the 1980s through the turn of the twenty-first century, the works in this archive tend to represent the increasingly politicized, stigmatized adolescent body as a conflict zone, a liminal precinct in which sex, illness and death often intersect to traumatic and Gothic effect. They consist of culturally influential 'indie' narratives that bridge the gap or, at times, blur the line between the mainstream and cult subculture. Starting from Victor Turner's seminal work on the adolescent's passage into adulthood, I place the concept of liminality side by side with the cultural imagination of the frontier. The sex and death dichotomy that characterizes adolescent sexuality shares with the fundamental trope of the frontier a wide array of Gothic connotations. Pre-existing scholarship on Gothic teen studies has yet to extrapolate on the portrayals of sickly teen bodies that run rampant in Gothic works. To append this missing link, I discuss Freudian drives, Susan Sontag's illness metaphors, and Priscilla Wald's readings of contagion narratives to lay the groundwork for the connection between sex, illness and cultural anxieties that these late-century narratives communicate. Indeed, I understand contemporary Gothic along the lines of Catherine Spooner, who quipped in her 2006 monograph that '[l]ike a malevolent virus, Gothic narratives have [...] spread across disciplinary boundaries to infect all kinds of media...' (2006: 8). I consider sick teen bodies across a variety of works under two main headings: first, those that rely heavily on anaesthetized imagery to evoke the Gothic. Beginning with 2015's genre-bending It Follows (Mitchell), I work backwards to trace its clear-cut intertext - The Virgin Suicides (Coppola, 1993), a teen dream-turned-nightmare likewise set in suburban Detroit. The second heading explores decidedly more violent works, among them the graphic novel Black Hole and the horror film Ginger Snaps (Fawcett, 2000), which juxtapose adolescence and supernatural monstrosities that act as carriers of disease. The female is often at the centre of the narratives at hand, and though these works explore the world of minors, rarely, problematically are 'minority' bodies represented. Common to these works are stigmatized figures who fight for individual expression yet often fail to emerge from the adolescent stage as autonomous adults, due either to their unwillingness to conform to mainstream culture or the failure of this culture to integrate them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the network of finite potential observing gadgets called sensors. The resource constraint behavior of WSN entails diverse problems in its motif and performance that reduces its execution. Wireless sensor network be unlike to other networks in phrase of accession of aggregation of energy, because at the time of sensors observing and sending the observed data to other sensors, which are covered by the network, a reasonable amount of energy gets reduced. So to overcome this, several routing, potentially organized and data broadcasting protocols are particularly constructed, in which energy devouring is an important design issue that conserves the durability of the network, thereby the lifetime of WSN gets increased. Hierarchical routing protocols which follows an approach of clustering such as Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Stable Election Protocol (SEP), Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (DEEC) and Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Networks (TEEN) are well known for the purpose of keeping up the energy effective. Here we compare these four protocols in phrase of number of nodes dead, packet delivery ratio, number of nodes alive and packets delivered to cluster heads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Little is known about the risk factors for nonmedical use (NMU) of prescription stimulants among adolescent girls. We aimed to measure the association of nonmedical prescription stimulant use with empirically linked risk factors, including weight control behavior (WCB), gambling, and depressed mood, in pre-teen and teenaged girls. Methods We assessed the relationship between age and race, gambling, WCB, depressive mood, and nonmedical prescription stimulant use using multivariable logistic regression. The study sample included 5,585 females, aged 10–18 years, recruited via an entertainment venue intercept method in 10 U.S. metropolitan areas as part of the National Monitoring of Adolescent Prescription Stimulants Study (2008–2011). Results NMU of prescription stimulants was reported by 6.6% (n = 370) of the sample. In multivariable logistic regression, 1-year increase in age was associated with a 21% (95% confidence interval [CI]: .15, .28) increase in risk for NMU. Whites and other race/ethnicity girls had 2.67 (CI: 1.85, 3.87) and 1.71 (1.11, 2.65) times higher odds for NMU, compared to African-Americans. Depressive mood (adjusted odds ratio: 2.69, CI: 2.04, 5.57) and gambling (adjusted odds ratio: 1.90, 1.23, 2.92) were associated with increased odds for NMU. A dose-response was identified between WCB and NMU, where girls with unhealthy and extreme WCB were over five times more likely to endorse NMU. Conclusions We contribute to the literature linking WCB, depression, gambling, and the NMU of prescription stimulants in any population and uniquely do so among girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purpose Self-harm (SH) is a risk factor for suicide. We aimed to determine whether internet addiction and internet exposure to confided suicidal ideation are associated with SH in adolescents. Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey of students who self-completed a series of online questionnaires including a sociodemographic information questionnaire, questionnaire for suicidality and SH, Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), multi-dimensional support scale (MDSS), Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C), and questionnaire for substance abuse. Results A total of 2479 students completed the questionnaires (response rate = 62.1%). They had a mean age of 15.44 years (range 14–19 years; standard deviation 0.61), and were mostly female ( n = 1494; 60.3%). The prevalence of SH within the previous year was 10.1% ( n = 250). Among the participants, 17.1% had internet addiction ( n = 425) and 3.3% had been exposed to suicidal content on the internet ( n = 82). In the hierarchical logistic regression analysis, internet addiction and internet exposure to suicidal thoughts were both significantly related to an increased risk of SH, after controlling for gender, family factors, exposure to suicidal thoughts in the real life, depression, alcohol/tobacco use, concurrent suicidality, and perceived social support. However, the association between internet addiction and SH weakened after adjusting for the level of self-esteem, while internet exposure to suicidal thoughts remained significantly related to an increased risk of SH (odds ratio = 1.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.06–3.64). Conclusion Online experiences are associated with SH in adolescents. Preventive strategies may include education to increase social awareness, to identify the youths most at risk, and to provide prompt help. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the use of 'invented words' by adolescent bloggers with Neuroticism personality tendencies. This study analyzes two adolescent bloggers who actively wrote blog posts in 2012. Both adolescents were chosen from 20 adolescents who were randomly selected by the researchers. The analysis was conducted qualitatively by applying the theory of the Big Five Personality by McCrae and Costa (1997). Other than Neuroticism, this theory explains that there are four other personality tendencies, namely Extraversion, Agreeableness, Openness, and Conscientiousness. The results show the existence of invented words in the blog posts by both adolescents. The use of the invented words in blogs' text occurred due to the influence of adolescent emotions while communicating in blogs. The diversity of these emotions prompted adolescents to communicate without the constraint of a similar youth community. The resulting text was understood by adolescents only and the selection of words differed from its true meaning. The use of the resulting words affected the adolescents' personalities, to be either positively or negatively influenced. Most invented words resulted from communication in social networks, especially blogs. The invented words developed and were used by other adolescents who communicate with each other or read blog posts. As a result, the invented words were used widely and caused the words to differ from their original meanings. The result of this study indicates that the implications in understanding adolescents' personalities through written text on internet social networking only differ from its original meaning. The study also provides a clear picture of adolescents' personalities on the internet compared to face-to-face interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on whether social media use relates to adolescent depression is rapidly increasing. However, is it adequately representing the diversity of global adolescent populations? We conducted a preregistered scoping review (research published between 2018 and 2020; 34 articles) to investigate the proportion of studies recruiting samples from the Global North versus Global South and assess whether the association between social media and depression varies depending on the population being studied. Sample diversity was lacking between regions: More than 70% of studies examined Global North populations. The link between social media and depression was positive and significant in the Global North but null and nonsignificant in the Global South. There was also little evidence of diversity within regions in both sampling choices and reporting of participants' demographics. Given that most adolescents live in the Global South and sample diversity is crucial for the generalizability of research findings, urgent action is needed to address these oversights., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared that there were no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship or the publication of this article., (© The Author(s) 2023.)

L’articolo vuole analizzare strutturalmente il sistema dei personaggi e il campionario tematico e motivale del racconto licantropico riutilizzato nella serie televisiva Teen Wolf (Mtv, 2011). Tenendo in considerazione gli studi strutturalisti e il corpus cinematografico legato alla figura dell’uomo lupo, si cerca di interpretare l’influenza dell’immaginario werewolf nel prodotto seriale adolescenziale, attraverso un parallelo tra le dinamiche tipiche dell’adolescenza e le tematiche peculiari del racconto licantropico.

Las consideraciones que aquí se relejan, son producto de la investigación UBACYT denominada "Estudio de las representaciones en adolescentes en conflicto con la ley penal", la cual se encuentra en desarrollo. En la actualidad los delitos contra las personas en los cuales se hallan involucrados menores han generado gran demanda social, en el sentido de reclamar acciones eicientes y eficaces tendientes a solucionar situaciones emergentes relacionadas a la transgresión de los adolescentes a la ley penal. Así las cosas, para lograr un abordaje adecuado a la problemática de los adolescentes en conflicto con la ley penal, se considera necesario ponderar - además del contexto social, económico, político y psicológico, en el que los adolescentes se desenvuelven- las representaciones que éstos tienen sobre sí mismos y las variables que pueden propiciar y/o evitar que desplieguen conductas adaptadas y/o desadaptadas.The considerations are relected here, are the product of research UBACYT called "Study of representations in adolescents in conlict with the law, " which is in development. Currently, crimes against persons where minors are involved has resulted in great social demand in the sense of claiming eficient and effective actions aimed at addressing emerging situations related to the transgression of adolescents to the criminal law. So, to achieve an adequate approach to the problems of adolescents in conlict with the law, it is considered necessary to balance - in addition to social, economic, political and psychological, in which adolescents are developed, the representations that they about themselves and the variables that can promote and / or prevent deploy adaptive behavior and / or maladaptive.

Background: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is a frequent diagnosis in pediatric and adolescent populations with an estimated prevalence of around 15% at the age of 6 years. NE can have a substantial impact on multiple health domains. Bedwetting alarms, which typically consist of a sensor and moisture-activated alarm, are a common treatment., Objective: This study aimed to determine areas of satisfaction versus dissatisfaction reported by the parents and caregivers of children using current bedwetting alarms., Methods: Using the search term "bedwetting alarms" on the Amazon marketplace, products with >300 reviews were included. For each product, the 5 reviews ranked the "most helpful" for each star category were selected for analysis. Meaning extraction method was applied to identify major themes and subthemes. A percent skew was calculated by summing the total number of mentions of each subtheme,+1 for a positive mention, 0 for a neutral mention, and -1 for a negative mention, and dividing this total by the number of reviews in which that particular subtheme was observed. Subanalyses were performed for age and gender., Results: Of 136 products identified, 10 were evaluated based on the selection criteria. The main themes identified across products were long-term concerns, marketing, alarm systems, and device mechanics and features. The subthemes identified as future targets for innovation included alarm accuracy, volume variability, durability, user-friendliness, and adaptability to girls. In general, durability, alarm accuracy, and comfort were the most negatively skewed subthemes (with a negative skew of -23.6%, -20.0%, and -12.4% respectively), which are indicative of potential areas for improvement. Effectiveness was the only substantially positively skewed subtheme (16.8%). Alarm sound and device features were positively skewed for older children, whereas ease of use had a negative skew for younger children. Girls and their caretakers reported negative experiences with devices that featured cords, arm bands, and sensor pads., Conclusions: This analysis provides an innovation roadmap for future device design to improve patient and caregiver satisfaction and compliance with bedwetting alarms. Our results highlight the need for additional options in alarm sound features, as children of different ages have divergent preferences in this domain. Additionally, girls and their parents and caretakers provided more negative overall reviews regarding the range of current device features compared to boys, indicating a potential focus area for future development. The percent skew showed that subthemes were often more negatively skewed toward girls, with the ease of use being -10.7% skewed for boys versus -20.5% for girls, and comfort being -7.1% skewed for boys versus -29.4% for girls. Put together, this review highlights multiple device features that are targets for innovation to ensure translational efficacy regardless of age, gender, or specific family needs., (©Astha Sahoo, Savannah Leah Starr, Vadim Osadchiy, Sophia Desai, Neha Iyer, Marie Luff, Grace E Sollender, Renea Sturm. Originally published in the Interactive Journal of Medical Research (https://www.i-jmr.org/), 06.07.2023.)

Background: Numerous studies have revealed that adolescents with chronic physical or mental conditions (CPMCs) are at an increased risk for depression and anxiety, with serious direct and indirect negative effects on treatment adherence, family functioning, and health-related quality of life. As game-based approaches are effective interventions in treating anxiety and depression, we propose to explore the use of a multiplayer role-playing game (RPG) as a potential intervention for social isolation, anxiety, and depression., Objective: The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the feasibility of using Masks, a multiplayer RPG, as an intervention for social isolation, anxiety, and depression in adolescents with CPMCs; (2) evaluate the viability of the research process; and (3) gauge participation in and engagement with RPG-based interventions., Methods: This study is a remote synchronous game-based intervention for adolescents with CPMCs aged 14-19 years. Eligible participants completed a web-based baseline survey to assess anxiety, depression, and social isolation and to identify their gaming habits. After completing the baseline survey, they participated in 5 moderated Masks game sessions. In Masks, players assume the roles of young superheroes; select their character types, superpowers; and perform actions determined by the game's rule system and dice rolls. All game sessions were played using Discord, a communication platform commonly used by gaming communities. Games were led and moderated by game masters (GMs). After each game session, participants completed surveys to assess changes in anxiety, depression, and social isolation, and their attitude toward the game and the user experience. The participants also completed an exit survey after all 5 game sessions (modified version of the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, and 17 open-ended questions). The GMs rated each game session and reported on gameplay, player behavior, comfort, and engagement levels of the players., Results: As of March 2020, six participants were recruited for the pilot study to participate in moderated web-based game sessions of Masks; 3 completed all game sessions and all required assessments. Although the number of participants was too low to draw generalizable conclusions, self-reported clinical outcomes did seem to indicate a positive change in depression, anxiety, and social isolation symptoms. Qualitative analysis of postgame survey data from participants and GMs indicated high levels of engagement and enjoyment. Furthermore, the participants provided feedback about improved mood and engagement related to weekly participation in Masks. Lastly, responses to the exit survey showed interest in future RPG-related studies., Conclusions: We established a workflow for gameplay and evaluated a research protocol for evaluating the impact of RPG participation on isolation, anxiety, and depression symptoms in adolescents with CPMCs. Preliminary data collected from the pilot study support the validity of the research protocol and the use of RPG-based interventions in larger clinical studies., International Registered Report Identifier (irrid): RR1-10.2196/43987., (©Dmitriy Babichenko, Ana Radovic, Ravi Patel, Alexis Hester, Koehler Powell, Nicholas Eggers, David Happe. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 27.06.2023.)

Sleep is critical to teen physical and mental health, daily function, and school performance. Yet, sleep deficiency is prevalent among ethnoracially diverse teens. The purpose of this community-engaged focus group study was to explore multilevel influences on teen sleep from teen and community stakeholder perspectives and to use this information to develop a tailored sleep health intervention. We conducted seven focus groups ( N   =  46) and analyzed data via content analysis. Five themes, each with subthemes, described sleep knowledge/attitudes, sleep habits, the multilevel causes and consequences of decreased nighttime sleep and suggestions for improving teen sleep. Teen health, mood, and school engagement were all impacted by inadequate nighttime sleep. Exhaustion emerged as an overarching theme and coincided with the transition to high school. The data from this study provide insight into important areas of focus for a sleep intervention tailored to the needs of ethnoracially diverse teens living in an urban community.

Résumé Nous proposons dans cet article d’apporter une nouvelle lecture de la prévalence du recours à l’acte suicidaire au sein de la population homosexuelle. En effet, à partir de l’analyse clinique et projective de Lucas, jeune homosexuel suicidaire, nous soutenons que la répétition des passages par l’acte suicidaire masquait d’anciens traumas, mettant ainsi, en réalité, au second plan la problématique de l’orientation sexuelle comme facteur causal et initiateur des actes suicidaires. Nous avons alors repéré la force des traumas précoces vécus durant l’enfance de Lucas, leur réactualisation dans l’économie psychique sur le développement identitaire et sexuel et dégagé leurs aménagements psychiques. Nous posons alors l’hypothèse que l’acte suicidaire pourrait être, en réalité, révélateur de traumas précoces. We suggest in this research to provide a new approach for the prevalence of the use of the suicidal act within the homosexual population. Indeed, from the Lucas's clinical and projective case, a suicidal young homosexual, we have identified that the repetition of the passages by the suicidal act masked old traumas so putting, in reality, in the background the problem of the sexual orientation as causal factor and initiator of the suicidal acts. We strength of the traumas experienced during Lucas's childhood, their updating in the psychic economy on the identity and sexual development, and highlighted their psychic renewal. We propose then the assumption that the suicidal attempt and homosexuality could be in fact indicative of early traumas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous research has demonstrated emotional, psychological and educational harm to young mothers following unintended conceptions. The UK has one of the highest rates of pregnancies in adolescence in Western Europe with a high proportion of these being repeat pregnancies, making it a topic of interest for public health policy makers, and health and social care practitioners. As part of a wider mixed-methods systematic review, realist principles were applied to synthesise evidence about interventions aiming to reduce repeat pregnancies in adolescence.Methods: A multi-streamed, mixed-methods systematic review was conducted searching 11 major electronic databases and 9 additional databases from 1995 onwards, using key terms such as pregnancy, teen or adolescent. The principles of realist synthesis were applied to all included literature to uncover theories about what works, for whom, how and in what context. Initial theory areas were developed through evidence scoping, group discussion by the authors and stakeholder engagement to uncover context + mechanism = outcome (CMO) configurations and related narratives.Results: The searches identified 8,664 documents initially, and 403 in repeat searches, filtering to 81 included studies, including qualitative studies, randomised controlled trials, quantitative studies and grey literature. Three CMO configurations were developed. The individual experiences of young mothers' triggered self-efficacy, notions of perceived risks, susceptibility and benefits of pregnancy, resulting in the adolescent taking control of their fertility and sexual encounters. The choice between motherhood and other goals triggered notions of motivations, resulting in the adolescent managing their expectations of motherhood and controlling their fertility and sexual encounters. Barriers and facilitators to accessing services triggered notions of connectedness and self-determination; resulting in interventions that are tailored so they are relevant to young persons, and improve access to services and engagement with the issue of pregnancy in adolescence.Conclusions: Pregnancy in adolescence is a complex issue with many factors to consider. The conceptual platform described here could help guide policy makers and professionals towards a number of areas that need to be attended to in order to increase the likelihood of an intervention working to prevent rapid repeat pregnancy in adolescence.Trial Registration: PROSPERO CRD42012003168. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parental responses to teen dating violence (TDV) can influence children's behaviors. This qualitative study presents findings from focus groups analyzing parental responses to TDV. Thirty-one parents and 55 teens, recruited from local family service agencies located in southwestern part of the country, participated in separate focus groups that presented dating violence scenarios. Focus group results indicated that parents and teens both urge communication that included parents asking questions, educating the teen, sharing their personal experiences, and giving teens advice. Parental and teens' comments also focused on the importance of protecting teens, providing support for teens, refraining from overreacting and offering counseling services. Parents, more than teens, stressed the importance of educating teens; teens, more than parents, stressed the importance of parents supporting and providing comfort to teens while refraining from overreacting and yelling. Implications for programming with parents and future research are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The social category of “teen” has become ubiquitous in Western English-speaking popular culture. Also, with the global success of cultural products from the United States of America, such as music, movies and television programs featuring teens, the word “teen” is being employed in other cultures and languages. However, a comparison of the girl teen—often portrayed as a vulnerable stage of human development—with other cultural representations of developing womanhood (the Japanese shoujo and the French jeune fille en fleur) shows the representation of the “teen” to be a construction of its cultural context and questions its universal applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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