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In some instances, two basic development cooperation principles appear to be in direct contradiction: on the one hand, the Sustainable Development Goals prescribe universal social inclusion under the leitmotif of "leave no one behind", mandating an emphasis on the most marginalized. On the other hand, the cornerstone of development cooperation is "ownership", which recognizes that countries must be free to choose their own priorities and strategies. To what extent can these two principles be reconciled in "hostile environments", places where certain groups, such as LGBTQI+ people, are marginalized and even persecuted and criminalized? I argue that, while the SDGs are clear about the need for radical inclusion, the ownership principle lacks precision about who "owns" the concept. Adopting an emancipatory conceptualization of ownership, under which the ultimate beneficiaries should be the ones to determine priorities and strategies, eliminates the apparent contradiction and legitimizes support to marginalized groups even if their own governments disagree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Organisational responses to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals depend on the competency and mindset of business leaders to lead responsibly. This study is informed and underpinned by the Principles of Responsible Management Education. This study aims to examine how embedding the "sustainability mindset principles" within a university programme can contribute to responsible management education and, by extension, leadership development. Design/methodology/approach: An illustrative case study using 84 students was applied, including undergraduate, postgraduate and executive Master of Business Administration students. An exploratory, qualitative design was followed, primarily adopting focus groups. Findings: Evidenced learning gains in connecting sustainability knowledge with personal beliefs and behaviours, provide a compelling basis for educational and business practitioners to focus on the sustainability mindset principles (SMPs). Mapping of mindset against leading global competency frameworks provides important theoretical insight. Learning is illustrated through multiple dimensions (i.e. cognitive, behavioural and affective) to inform leadership development approaches. Research limitations/implications: The mapping of sustainability competency frameworks against the SMP, alongside qualitative research insights, provides a compelling basis for further research into the learning gains from embedding the mindset principles. The situated nature of the study and the lack of longitudinal measurement of what students take forward into their lives and workplaces is a limiting factor to be considered. Practical implications: This study evidences the value of "whole-person" learning for responsible management, which can helpfully inform the design of both educational and workplace leadership development programmes. Originality/value: This study is original in the pedagogic examination of the learning dimensions of the SMPs in a Business and Management programme. It also offers new insights in terms of the implications for leadership development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Professional Business Review (JPBReview) is the property of Open Access Publications LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aims to increase the cultural sensitivity of preschool children and their teachers living in different regions of Türkiye through education in respect to differences. It employed an experimental design with pre-test post-test control group including 26 teachers along with 261 children aged 48–72 months. The study was conducted in three stages. In the first stage, the preparatory step, teachers were given six-hour training regarding respect for cultural differences. After the teacher training, they received 84 h of mentoring support for six weeks during the design process of the Seven Colors of Türkiye: Respect for Differences Activities. Teachers from seven regions of Türkiye created activity bags in accordance with the established activity plans. All bags from the regions were implemented after a 7-week bag change procedure. According to the research, both teachers and students strengthened their cultural awareness and students' respect for differences developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the intricate nexus between low‐income countries, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the multifaceted phenomenon of unemployment. Amid the global endeavour to achieve SDGs, these marginalised nations assume a pivotal role, confronting distinctive challenges and opportunities. We employ meticulous analysis and structural equation modelling techniques to unveil a complex network of relationships among diverse socio‐economic indicators and unemployment across 27 low‐income countries, encompassing nations such as Afghanistan, Zambia, and others. Our empirical findings underscore the paramount importance of economic advancement, as epitomised by GDP per capita, in fostering employment prospects. Concurrently, environmental endeavours, epitomised by CO2 emissions, underscore the potential of green employment in mitigating unemployment. Investments in education and healthcare, as indicated by primary completion rates and life expectancy, emerge as pivotal determinants of employability. Moreover, access to clean energy sources and mobile cellular subscriptions indirectly influence unemployment rates, underscoring the multifaceted nature of the issue. Furthermore, our analysis reveals the intricate interplay between economic progress and social well‐being. These insights give policymakers invaluable direction, stressing the significance of tailored strategies that harness education, healthcare, technology, and environmental initiatives to alleviate unemployment, cultivate inclusive growth, and advance the overarching aspirations of sustainable development in low‐income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigate the impacts of ESG (environmental, social, and governance) factors on sustainable development goals (SDGs) for BRICS‐11 countries. The AMG, FMOLS, DOLS, and ARDL models are applied. While we found negative impacts of environmental factors (ENVf) on SDGs for Argentina, Ethiopia, and China, we found positive impacts of social factors (SOCf) on SDGs for South Africa and Argentina. Additionally, while we found positive impacts of governance factors (GOVNf) on SDGs for Ethiopia, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, we found negative impacts for the United Arab Emirates. No significant relationships were found between ENVf, SOCf, and GOVNf on SDGs for Brazil, Russia, India, and Egypt. These findings highlight the nuanced impacts of ESG factors on SDGs, providing valuable insights for policymakers and emphasizing the need for country‐specific sustainable development strategies. The negative environmental impact on SDGs in Argentina, Ethiopia, and China suggests that environmental degradation may hinder sustainable development, underscoring the importance of balancing economic growth and environmental sustainability. This result can also be interpreted through the Pollution Haven Hypothesis, which posits that developing countries may attract more foreign investments in pollution‐intensive industries due to their less stringent environmental regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia has committed to implement the sustainable development goals (SDG) by 2030 including the ending trafficking of protected species and addressing the illegal wildlife demand and supply. As such, there is a need for long‐term data on wild animal trade and its contribution to the wider economy. We initiated a long‐term monitoring programme of live civet trade in wildlife markets (120 surveys, 2010–2023). Civets are traded to be kept as exotic pets and to produce civet coffee and are a proxy for other high‐profile wildlife. We recorded 2289 civets of six species, including ones with strict regulations in place. Despite the trade being illegal, and contra to Indonesia's commitments as part of the SDG to curb this trade, it remained remarkably stable over time (numbers, species, prices). As such, Indonesia is not meeting its SDG targets that are related to curbing illegal wildlife trade and illicit financial flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study comprises two essential components: a scoping review and interviews with fishermen, both aimed at understanding the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their relevance to Offshore Wind Energy (OWE) enterprises, particularly in mitigating impacts on local fisheries. Key findings from the scoping review indicate a scarcity of research explicitly dedicated to OWE enterprises' practices concerning. The review's findings emphasize the need for further research to understand the rationale behind these decisions and to explore how OWE enterprises can optimize their practices to address SDG 2. The second part of the study involves interviews with fishermen near proposed offshore wind farm sites in Taiwan. These interviews revealed that fishermen's primary concerns revolve around SDGs 2, 8, 14, and 17. However, OWE enterprises do not prioritize SDG 2, even though fishermen express concerns related to food security, proposing the adoption of marine ranching to enhance seafood supply. Moreover, SDG 17 stands out as a priority for fishermen, while OWE enterprises overlook connections with fisheries associations and fishermen. In conclusion, this study highlights the complexity of the SDG‐related issues surrounding OWE enterprises and their impact on local fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the relationship between corporate governance and carbon accounting disclosure (CAD) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) to address how firms can achieve sustainable development goal (SDG) 13. We employed purposive sampling to select 277 companies from 20 MENA countries from the period 2012–2022. A favorable relationship was found between board independence and CAD. Gender diversity was also found to have a beneficial effect on CAD. The sustainability committee and CAD also had a positive and significant connection. A positive association was also found between foreign nationals and CAD. We found positive and significant connection between board meetings and CAD. In contrast, we found a negative relationship between board size and CAD, as well as between boards with CEOs duality and CAD. We also found that shareholding proportion has inverse but insignificant impact on CAD. The results concur that corporate boards have a role to reduce carbon emission in MENA to accomplish SDG 13. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to escalating environmental concerns and the imperative for sustainable development, corporations have turned to eco‐innovation (EI) to enhance competitiveness and reduce ecological footprints. This study scrutinizes 17 European Commission EI‐awarded companies from 1990 to 2021, uncovering pivotal dimensions and archetypes that drive successful EI implementation. Internal drivers, including management commitment and agile work structures, are paramount for "Believers" who champion sustainability as a core value. "Sellers" strategically respond to market demands, while "Beneficiaries" follow regulatory mandates. The academic implications are profound, providing a robust foundation for future research. This typology contributes to the discourse surrounding EI development and diffusion while offering corporate managers tangible guidance for tailored EI strategies. It illuminates how distinct motives lead to nuanced combinations of internal and external drivers. This empirical study fills a critical research gap, providing best‐practice insights for companies seeking to integrate EI effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spanish Urban Agenda (SUA) intends to promote sustainable development through the implementation of the 2030 Agenda at the local level. Since all world stakeholders are called to participate in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, diverse instruments adopting a collaborative approach between social actors have gained importance. Among them, urban living labs (ULLs) involve distinct participants to handle urban issues by proposing and testing solutions. This research determines the role of ULLs conducted in Madrid since 2000 as drivers of the SUA. A two‐tier methodology was adopted to develop a framework after first conducting an in‐depth literature review to identify key features of ULLs. Second, the connection between the SUA and ULLs was defined. Findings revealed a limited impact of the analyzed labs in reaching the SUA. The under‐representation of social agents undermines the effectiveness of ULLs. A higher engagement of public institutions is recommended to overcome this shortcoming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an empirical analysis of the non‐financial reporting of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by a sample of 24 best‐in‐class companies across various sectors worldwide. The sample was selected based on a previous screening of SDG reporting by 1360 companies from 97 different countries that pointed to a superficial engagement with the SDGs for the vast majority of the firms (see Heras‐Saizarbitoria, 2022). Employing a qualitative approach to content analysis, this study sheds light on the specific issues related to SDGs and reported by the best‐in‐class companies. Implications for managers, public policymakers, and other stakeholders are also examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the 2030 Agenda, international bodies have set out 17 highly interconnected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to set course for the equitable and just development of society. SDG5 seeks to empower women and girls as a way of guaranteeing their fundamental rights, which are sometimes violated by the physical superiority of men who exercise their power by undermining women's freedoms. This study aims to analyse the connection between SDG1, SDG3, SDG8 and SDG11, and the protection of women, identifying the lines of action needed to favour access to justice for victims of gender‐based violence. The study was carried out on a panel sample of the 17 Spanish Autonomous Regions over a decade (2012–2021), using the generalised method of moments, specifically the xtabond2 estimator. Development was carried out in two stages: (1) the measures implemented by the Spanish authorities and the quality of life of the population were analysed, (2) six representative dimensions of quality of life associated with different targets of the SDGs were studied. Both scenarios were designed with the common objective of determining their impact on reporting to the police. The results show the need to reinforce protection orders, as well as to put in place the necessary measures to improve women's quality of life in order to attain a violence‐free society. Specifically, education, economic stability, mental and physical health, and work must be enhanced. In short, socio‐economic policies should be oriented towards the creation of a climate of security that favours access to justice for battered women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vehicles (EVs) hold promise for curbing emissions and promoting sustainable urban development in India, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, their uptake remains below expectations. This study delves into factors influencing EV adoption, exploring socioeconomic determinants, technical specifications, cost considerations, and policy impacts. It also assesses the role of charging infrastructure accessibility, demographic disparities, and battery end‐of‐life perceptions. The research identifies key socio‐economic factors driving consumer choices and perceptions of EVs through a comprehensive survey and logistic regression analysis. The findings will guide policymakers and businesses in developing effective strategies to promote EV use, supporting SDGs related to sustainable cities, communities, and economic growth. The insights gained from this study can inspire private sector growth and innovation, leading to new business opportunities that benefit companies and consumers. This research represents a crucial milestone in advancing sustainable transportation solutions in India and creating a better future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social responsibility of higher education institutions (HEIs) and 2030 Agenda represent a new tool for improving the management of HEIs. This article aims to conduct an in‐depth study on the diagnosis of the integration of social responsibility guidelines (SR) and sustainable development goals (SDGs) into the strategic plans of Polish and European HEIs. The work shows connections and similarities between the UN Sustainable Development Goals, United Nation Global Compact Principles and the Polish declaration of social responsibility of universities and the forming on this basis the HEI's strategic documents. The methodology of the study was based on the content of open information published on the university's website and research questions addressed to two groups. First was Polish HEIs (N = 83) that have signed the Polish declaration of social responsibility by 2019, the other was European HEIs belonging to the United Nation Global Compact (N = 141). The results indicate that in the current strategic plans of Polish HEIs the process of integrating university social responsibility (USR) into strategic plans is visible at 61.6%, and 43.8% of strategic plans refer to SDGs, unlike for the foreign universities 37.2% and 62.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decarbonization has significant operational implications for ships, fuel resources, and ports. Sustainable management is highly prioritized by ship owners and port authorities. The shipping industry must develop appropriate strategies to achieve zero carbon emissions by 2050 and support the 2030 United Nations sustainable development goals. Tugboats, a ubiquitous vessel in Taiwanese ports, were selected as the subject of this study. Implementing hybrid power systems in response to the growing trend of carbon reduction was explored. This study involves various stakeholders in Taiwan, including ship owners, port agency representatives, and other relevant parties. Assessing investment costs, market demand, and policy guidance is highly significant. Establishing a positive cycle is necessary to encourage tugboat operators to adhere to sustainable management practices and environmental protection measures. This entails providing incentives through policy measures that enable tugboat operators to gain cost advantages and balance environmental, economic, and societal needs within an expanding market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2015, the United Nations (UN) adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to transform our world by 2030. The scientific discourse around these SDGs has expanded rapidly since then, highlighting the need for efficient analysis of the large amount of textual data using Natural Language Processing. Our research addresses this need by employing a zero‐shot text classification for SDG‐related scientific articles, which allows for a thorough examination of scholarly discourse and the relationship between research attention and SDG achievement. We introduce the Research Attention Index (RAI), a novel metric that quantifies the research attention each SDG receives within a specific country. Our study contributes to the existing literature by providing a holistic view of global research attention to the SDGs. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of zero‐shot text classification for large‐scale textual labeling, and underlines the relevance of abstract analysis in understanding SDG‐related discourse. Moreover, we examine the (non)‐linear relationship between the RAI and SDG achievement across countries. Our results indicate considerable variations in the scientific discourse across countries worldwide and reveal a complex, non‐linear relationship between research attention and progress towards achieving the SDGs. This underscores the importance of understanding the dynamics between research attention and sustainable development outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Education Research (1680-6360) is the property of Angle Publishing Co., Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Academic Inquiries / Akademik Incelemeler Dergisi is the property of Akademik Incelemeler Dergisi (Journal of Academic Inquiries) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The importance of introducing a new sustainable development paradigm to safeguard the entire planet is now undisputed. One of the tools aiming to respond to this need consists of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) contained within the 2030 Agenda. Businesses play a crucial role in achieving these objectives and must prove themselves to be active actors in promoting sustainable practices. However, the integration of these objectives within their business models turns out to be a complex operation, which requires numerous skills and resources. This paper consists of a systematic literature review on the topic of research on the SDGs in the areas of business, management and accounting with the aim of identifying the barriers facing communities and tools to support companies in this process, as well as possible areas for improvement. Furthermore, it allows us to identify gaps on which future research should focus. To achieve this aim, papers related to the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs published in journals indexed in the Scopus database between January 2015 and June 2024 were analysed. The results demonstrated a great heterogeneity within the research area and the emergence of some important concepts, such as the circular economy, artificial intelligence and Industry 4.0, and some recurring themes, such as the role of stakeholders in achieving the SDGs and the financial and non-financial benefits of SDG strategies and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selecting suitable Megacity Solid Waste Disposal (MSWD) sites is a challenging task in densely populated deltas of developing countries, exacerbated by limited public awareness about waste management. One of the major environmental concerns in Dhaka City, the world's densest megacity, is the presence of dumps close to surface water bodies resources. This study employed the Geographic Information System (GIS)-Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) framework to integrate geomorphological (slope and flow accumulation), geological (lithological and lineament), hydrogeological (depth to groundwater table and surface waterbody), socioeconomic (Land use land cover, distance to settlement, road, and airport), and climatological (wind direction) determinants, coupled by land-use and hydro-environmental analyses, to map optimal dumps (MSWDO) sites. The resulting preliminary (MSWDP) map revealed 15 potential landfill areas, covering approximately 5237 hectares (ha). Combining statistical analysis of restricted areas (settlements, water bodies, land use) with AHP-based ratings, the MSWDO map revealed two optimal locations (2285 ha). Additionally, the hydro-environmental analysis confirmed the unsuitability of northern sites due to shallow groundwater (< 5.43 m) and thin clay, leaving 11 options excluded. Sites 12 (Zone A, 2255 ha) and 15 (Zone B, 30 ha), with deeper groundwater tables and thicker clay layers, emerged as optimal choices for minimizing environmental risks and ensuring effective long-term waste disposal. This study successfully integrates remote sensing, geospatial data, and GIS-AHP modeling to facilitate the development of sustainable landfill strategies in similar South Asian delta megacities. Such an approach provides valuable insights for policymakers to implement cost-effective and sustainable waste management plans, potentially minimizing the environmental risks to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6, 11, 13, and 15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of an internal auditor's activities in Romania, through their specific activities, on ESG reporting and sustainable development goals (SDGs). Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) are three criteria by which an organization's operations are characterized as sustainable, responsible, or ethical. Even though, for business, the SDGs have been called "a 2030 purchase order for business and government action today", the alignment between environmental, social, and governance performance and sustainable development goals helps practitioners in observing corporate contributions to sustainable growth. This research aims to identify whether internal auditors in Romania are able to contribute to ESG reporting and the achievement of the sustainable development goals through specific objective assurance and advisory activities. Using the questionnaire, the data were collected from professional accountants who carry out internal audit missions. The main findings confirm a strong and directly significant connection between the internal audit's perception of the management's view of the SDGs and how the entity can contribute to achieving the SDG objectives. The results also showed a direct and medium-intensity impact of the variables, capturing the important role of internal audits in ESG reporting. Our study showed that internal audits can help with reporting ESG and sustainable development objectives through their activity. However, according to our statistical results, the internal auditors do not offer at all (or rarely offer) objective assurance and counseling related to these subjects. Moreover, it is observed that, in these situations, the management does not have a clear vision and has not taken measures to achieve the sustainable development goals and ESG factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last two decades, scientific studies have increasingly highlighted the vulnerability of cities to global changes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where climate phenomena and urbanization are intensifying. These realities necessitate a reassessment of current urban management models in order to reaffirm the central role of cities in promoting sustainability. In this context, establishing a robust scientific foundation for evaluating the transition processes of cities towards sustainability is essential. This article presents a methodology developed to select and validate indicators, taking into account local issues and the needs expressed by stakeholders. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, which included a literature review, consultations with populations from five study districts, analysis of the indicator needs of development stakeholders, adoption of two methods, and validation of the indicators by a group of experts. The outcome of this research is a set of 20 indicators organized into five dimensions: environmental, social, economic, built environment, and cultural. The analysis of the proportional distribution of these indicators across dimensions reveals a notable predominance of the social dimension, which accounts for 35% of the indicators, including key indicators such as access to potable water, electricity, education, and healthcare services, inter alia. The environmental and built environment dimensions each comprise 20% of the indicators, encompassing indicators such as the preservation of natural resources, waste management, land use management, and flood management, among others. The economic and cultural dimensions represent 15% and 10% of the selected indicators, respectively. These data indicate that achieving sustainable urban development within the context of this study requires a focused effort on enhancing the performance of these indicators, with substantial efforts needed in the social domain. It is of paramount importance to incorporate these indicators into the decision-making processes related to urban development planning in Moundou and other cities in the region, as they provide valuable scientific insights crucial to the pursuit of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change, inter‐annual precipitation variability, recurrent droughts and flash flooding, coupled with increasing water needs, are shaping the co‐evolution of socioeconomic and cultural assemblages, water laws and regulations, and equitable drinking water access and allocation worldwide. Recognising the need for mitigation strategies for drinking water availability in urban areas, the Isotope Hydrology Section of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) coordinated a state‐of‐the‐art global assessment to evaluate water sources and distribution of drinking water supply in urban centres, an initiative entitled 'Use of Isotope Techniques for the Evaluation of Water Sources for Domestic Supply in Urban Areas (2018–2023)'. Here, we report on (a) current research trends for studying urban drinking water systems during the last two decades and (b) the development, testing and integration of new methodologies, aiming for a better assessment, mapping and management of water resources used for drinking water supply in urban settings. Selected examples of water isotope applications (Canada, USA, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Morocco, Botswana, Romania, Slovenia, India and Nepal) provide context to the insights and recommendations reported and highlight the versatility of water isotopes to underpin seasonal and temporal variations across various environmental and climate scenarios. The study revealed that urban areas depend on a large spectrum of water recharge across mountain ranges, extensive local groundwater extraction and water transfer from nearby or distant river basins. The latter is reflected in the spatial isotope snapshot variability. High‐resolution monitoring (hourly and sub‐hourly) isotope sampling revealed large diurnal variations in the wet tropics (Costa Rica) (up to 1.5‰ in δ18O) and more uniform diurnal variations in urban centres fed by groundwater sources (0.08‰ in δ18O) (Ljubljana, Slovenia). Similarly, while d‐excess was fairly close to the global mean value (+10‰) across all urban centres (10‰–15‰), reservoir‐based drinking water systems show lower values (up to ~ −20‰) (Arlington, TX, USA and Gaborone, Botswana), as a result of strong evapoconcentration processes. δ18O time series and depth‐integrated sampling highlighted the influence of the catchment damping ratio in the ultimate intake water composition. By introducing new, traceable spatial and temporal tools that span from the water source to the end‐user and are linked to the engineered and socio‐economic structure of the water distribution system, governmental, regional or community‐based water operators and practitioners could enhance drinking water treatment strategies (including more accurate surface water blending estimations) and improve urban water management and conservation plans in the light of global warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure (OOPHE) without adequate social protection often translates to inequitable financial burden and utilization of services. Recent publications highlighted Cambodia's progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with reduced incidence of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and improvements in its distribution. However, departing from standard CHE measurement methods suggests a different storyline on trends and inequality in the country. Objective: This study revisits the distribution and impact of OOPHE and its financial burden from 2009–19, employing alternative socio-economic and economic shock metrics. It also identifies determinants of the financial burden and evaluates inequality-contributing and -mitigating factors from 2014–19, including coping mechanisms, free healthcare, and OOPHE financing sources. Methods: Data from the Cambodian Socio-Economic Surveys of 2009, 2014, and 2019 were utilized. An alternative measure to CHE is proposed: Excessive financial burden (EFB). A household was considered under EFB when its OOPHE surpassed 10% or 25% of total consumption, excluding healthcare costs. A polychoric wealth index was used to rank households and measure EFB inequality using the Erreygers Concentration Index. Inequality shifts from 2014–19 were decomposed using the Recentered Influence Function regression followed by the Oaxaca-Blinder method. Determinants of financial burden levels were assessed through zero-inflated ordered logit regression. Results: Between 2009–19, EFB incidence increased from 10.95% to 17.92% at the 10% threshold, and from 4.41% to 7.29% at the 25% threshold. EFB was systematically concentrated among the poorest households, with inequality sharply rising over time, and nearly a quarter of the poorest households facing EFB at the 10% threshold. The main determinants of financial burden were geographic location, household size, age and education of household head, social health protection coverage, disease prevalence, hospitalization, and coping strategies. Urbanization, biased disease burdens, and preventive care were key in explaining the evolution of inequality. Conclusion: More efforts are needed to expand social protection, but monitoring those through standard measures such as CHE has masked inequality and the burden of the poor. The financial burden across the population has risen and become more unequal over the past decade despite expansion and improvements in social health protection schemes. Health Equity funds have, to some extent, mitigated inequality over time. However, their slow expansion and the reduced reliance on coping strategies to finance OOPHE could not outbalance inequality. Key messages: • The healthcare financial burden and its inequality have sharply increased between 2009–19; disproportionally impacting socio-economically disadvantaged households even with Health Equity Funds offering some mitigation since their national expansion. Urbanization, demographic shifts, and changing disease patterns are key factors in understanding these trends. • Standard methods for measuring catastrophic healthcare expenditure underestimate the financing burden on less-wealthy households by inflating their consumption and shifting their socio-economic rank. • The mitigating effect of out-of-pocket spending exemptions and preventive healthcare on both inequality and the overall financial burden of the population suggests a way forward towards UHC for the Cambodian healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by 2030 relies on the delivery of quality healthcare services through effective primary healthcare (PHC) systems. This necessitates robust infrastructure, adequately skilled health workers and the availability of essential medicines and commodities. Despite the critical role of minimum standards in benchmarking PHC quality, no global consensus on these standards exists. Nigeria has established minimum standards to enhance healthcare accessibility and quality, including the Revised Ward Health System Strategy (RWHSS) by the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA). This paper outlines the evolution of PHC minimum standards in Nigeria, evaluates compliance with RWHSS standards across all public PHC facilities, and examines the implications for ongoing PHC revitalization efforts. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design to assess compliance across 25 736 public PHC facilities in Nigeria. Data collection involved a national survey using a standardized assessment tool focussing on infrastructure, staffing, essential medicines and service delivery. Compliance with RWHSS minimum standards was found to be below 50% across all facilities, with median compliance scores of 40.7%. Outreach posts had a median compliance of 32.6%, level 1 facilities 31.5% and level 2+ facilities 50.9%. Key findings revealed major gaps in health infrastructure, human resources and availability of essential medicines and equipment. Compliance varied regionally, with the North-west showing the highest number of facilities but varied performance across standards. The lessons learned underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and resource allocation to address the identified deficiencies. This study highlights the critical need for regular, comprehensive compliance assessments to guide policy-makers in identifying gaps and strengthening PHC systems in Nigeria. Recommendations include enhancing monitoring mechanisms, improving resource distribution and focussing on infrastructure and human resource development to meet UHC and SDG targets. Addressing these gaps is essential for advancing Nigeria's healthcare system and ensuring equitable, quality care for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThrough Target 4.7 of SDG4 on ‘quality education’, Agenda 2030 invites governments to take ownership of progress towards ensuring ‘Education for Sustainable Development’ (ESD) becomes embedded into all levels of education. However, conceptual analysis suggests an ongoing blindspot related to the significance of systems literacy in fostering the many learning outcomes associated with the broader sweep of ‘education for the Sustainable Development Goals’. These include (i) the challenges of providing learners with explicit support for key cross-cutting sustainability competencies that integrate cognitive, socio-emotional, and behavioural domains, and (ii) ensuring citizens can move beyond acquiring basic familiarity with elements of systems thinking towards engaging in authentic lifelong learning about ‘healthy’ and ‘problematic’ systems, including their prominence and sustainability within society at large. The analysis offered in this ‘long form’ article helps address such challenges by reviewing key conceptions of systems literacy. It also proposes a model based on weaving together three literacy elements familiar to environmental and sustainability education (ESE): the functional, cultural, and critical. The article concludes with illustrations of the model in terms of its implications for practices of ESE, and a discussion of the model’s potential for supporting efforts that further constructive engagement by educators with the SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Related Articles This article examines the effect of leader longevity in power on world happiness. To make the assessment, a sample composed of 135 countries observed over the period 2006 to 2018 was constituted. The results obtained from OLS estimates show that longevity in power reduces individual happiness. Furthermore, the negative effect is more amplified in democratic countries. Quantile regression reveals variability in the effect over the different intervals. These results are robust to the use of alternative estimation techniques. We also identify the quality of institutions and public spending as two potential transmission channels through which longevity in power influences well‐being. These results invite political authorities to respect constitutional limits or implement constitutional reforms with the aim of limiting the duration of the mandate of the executive in order to reduce the harmful effect of an extension of the latter on individuals' well‐being.Flavin, Patrick, Alexander C. Pacek, and Benjamin Radcliff. 2011. “State Intervention and Subjective Well‐Being in Advanced Industrial Democracies.” Politics & Policy 39(2): 251–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00290.x.Jakubow, Alexander. 2014. “State Intervention and Life Satisfaction Reconsidered: The Role of Governance Quality and Resource Misallocation.” Politics & Policy 42(1): 3–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12057.Kim, Hae S. 2017. “Patterns of Economic Development: Correlations Affecting Economic Growth and Quality of Life in 222 Countries.” Politics & Policy 45(1): 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12190. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second Sustainable Development Goal of Zero Hunger, defined by the United Nations, broadly focuses on several dimensions of food access and availability, including measures of hunger and undernourishment, food insecurity, and malnutrition. Progress toward the Zero Hunger goal is monitored using indicators like the Prevalence of Undernourishment and the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity. These indicators are widely regarded as accurately portraying the underlying phenomena of concern. There are, however, other considerations one may want to include when considering the broader food system, including the role of food access and sovereignty in the rural areas of low-income countries. This paper reviews measurements of food insecurity and reflects on how food access and sovereignty may improve food security and, conversely, how it may impede advances toward alleviating food insecurity. These considerations can be helpful in tracking the need and progress toward the Sustainable Development Goal of Zero Hunger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable Development Goal 7 is dedicated to ensuring access to clean and affordable energy that can be utilized in various applications. Solar panels (SP) are utilized to convert sunlight into electricity, acting as a renewable energy source. It is important to keep SP clean to obtain the required performance, as the accumulation of snow and dust on SP greatly affects the amount of electricity generated. On the other hand, excessive cleaning has some detrimental effects on the SP, therefore cleaning should only be done when necessary and not on a regular basis. Consequently, it is critical to determine whether the cleaning procedure is necessary by automatically detecting the presence of dust or snow on the panels while avoiding inaccurate predictions. Research efforts have been made to detect the presence of dust and snow on SP, but most of the proposed methods do not guarantee accurate detection results. This paper proposes an accurate, reliable, and interpretable approach called Solar-OBNet. The proposed Solar-OBNet can detect dusty SP and snow-covered SP very efficiently and be used in conjunction with the methods used to clean SP. The proposed Solar-OBNet is based on a Bayesian convolutional neural network, which enables it to express the amount of confidence in its predictions. Two measurements are used to estimate the uncertainty in the outcomes of the proposed Solar-OBNet, namely predictive entropy and standard deviation. The proposed Solar-OBNet can express confidence in the correct predictions by showing low values for predictive entropy and standard deviation. The proposed Solar-OBNet can also give an uncertainty warning in the case of erroneous predictions by showing high values of predictive entropy and standard deviation. The proposed Solar-OBNet's efficacy was verified by interpreting its results using a method called Weighted Gradient-Directed Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM). The proposed Solar-OBNet has achieved a balanced accuracy of 94.07% and an average specificity 95.83%, outperforming other comparable methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemistry traditionally relies on reactions in solution, but this method is increasingly problematic due to the scale of chemical processes and their economic and environmental impact. Handling residual chemical waste, including solvents, incurs significant costs and environmental pressure. Conversely, novel chemical approaches are needed to address pressing societal issues such as climate change, energy scarcity, food insecurity, and waste pollution. Mechanochemistry, a sustainable chemistry discipline that uses mechanical action to induce chemical reactivity without bulk solvents, is a hot topic in academic research on sustainable and green chemistry. Given its fundamentally different working principles from solution chemistry, mechanochemistry offers more efficient chemical processes and the opportunity to design new chemical reactions. Mechanochemistry has a profound impact on many urgent issues facing our society and it is now necessary to use mechanochemistry to address them. This Minireview aims to provide a guide for using mechanochemistry to meet the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), thereby contributing to a prosperous society. Detailed analysis shows that mechanochemistry connects with most UN SDGs and offers more cost‐efficiency than other approaches together with a superior environmental performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Open defecation (OD) is the disposal of human excreta in the fields, bushes, water bodies and other open spaces. It poses a public health risk as it can lead to the spread of diarrhoea, cholera, soil-transmitted helminths and trachoma. Kenya aims to achieve 100% open defecation free status by 2030 in line with Sustainable development goal number 6. This study sought to determine factors influencing OD at the household level as well as quantify the number of households practicing OD in each of the 47 Kenyan counties. Methods: Data from the household questionnaire of the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, 2022 was analysed. Bivariate logistic regression was done with open defecation status as the dependent variable. Independent variables were poverty status, place of residence, ownership of farm animals, gender and educational level of household head. The number of households practicing OD per county were determined using the Kenya Census report of 2019. Results: Poverty was the strongest predictor of a household practicing OD (OR 43.8 95% CI 26.1–73.8) followed by educational status of the household head (OR 3.3 95% CI 2.3–4.6) and the household not owning livestock (OR 0.7 95% CI 0.6–0.9). An estimated 7.4% of households practice OD. These are estimated to be 814,223 households. Out of these, 686,051 households (84.3%) are found in the 15 counties ranked as having a high population practicing OD. Five counties have managed to eliminate OD and another nine have OD rates of less than 0.5%. Conclusion: Kenya has made commendable progress in eliminating OD. Poverty is a significant predictor of OD at the household level. To eliminate OD, it is advised that more efforts be targeted towards poor households as well as the 15 counties having a high number of OD-practicing households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ‘Leave No One Behind’ (LNOB) principle presents a transformative approach to dealing with inequalities within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) but has proven to be politically and technically challenging. Its national institutionalization therefore remains unclear while also under-researched. The aim of this article is two-fold. First, we provide a framework in which we conceptualize and operationalize (the institutionalization of) LNOB. Second, using our conceptual framework, we study how LNOB is institutionalized by national governments, focusing on public national policies around the SDGs. Our study finds that countries report to institutionalize aspects of policy coherence, inclusive participation, and disaggregated data more often than they institutionalize policy coordination and dedicated finance. However, when it comes to actual institutional structures and mechanisms to drive accountability, clear gaps can be identified. This article concludes that the achievement of LNOB remains uncertain at this point and presents necessary avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, and protists, are essential to life on Earth and the functioning of the biosphere. Here, we discuss the key roles of microorganisms in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), highlighting recent and emerging advances in microbial research and technology that can facilitate our transition toward a sustainable future. Given the central role of microorganisms in the biochemical processing of elements, synthesizing new materials, supporting human health, and facilitating life in managed and natural landscapes, microbial research and technologies are directly or indirectly relevant for achieving each of the SDGs. More importantly, the ubiquitous and global role of microbes means that they present new opportunities for synergistically accelerating progress toward multiple sustainability goals. By effectively managing microbial health, we can achieve solutions that address multiple sustainability targets ranging from climate and human health to food and energy production. Emerging international policy frameworks should reflect the vital importance of microorganisms in achieving a sustainable future. Microbes are essential to life on Earth and will be core, with the advent of exciting new technologies, to our ability to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for a sustainable future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infrastructure resilience is a critical issue in arid regions due to the unpredictability of extreme rainfall events influenced by climate change. Accordingly, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in engineering solutions to address such climatic challenges is important. This study aims to review AI-based engineering solutions for infrastructure resilience in arid areas against extreme rainfall and most importantly critically analyzes their sustainability benefits. By evaluating existing AI-based engineering solutions, this research highlights how these technologies can contribute to sustainable development goals (SDGs) and eventually aims to help set new standards in infrastructure resilience. The significance of this study lies in its potential to advance sustainable development goals by enhancing the resilience of critical infrastructure and equipping arid regions with innovative solutions to withstand adverse weather conditions. Expected outcomes of this study are anticipated to provide pivotal insights for policymakers, engineers, and urban planners, promoting the adoption of intelligent, sustainable infrastructure practices that are in line with global sustainability targets. Finally, this research promotes the adoption of AI solutions in infrastructure resilience and lays the groundwork for future explorations in this field. Highlights: AI solutions can improve infrastructure resilience and resource management in arid regions with extreme rainfall events. Using AI solutions in arid regions with extreme rainfall events aligns with SDGs for sustainable, resilient development. The study promotes working to develop cost-effective AI solutions for arid region resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problems of achieving the UN's sustainable development goals related to providing both developed and developing countries with cheap and accessible energy, as well as in the context of taking climate action, cannot be solved, on the one hand, without a transition to Energy 5.0, within the framework of the upcoming Fifth Industrial Revolution. On the other hand, it cannot be carried out without ensuring a "seamless" Fourth Energy Transition, which poses new challenges for the technological modernization of power production from non-renewables. Along with this, the expected transition to a human-centric Industry 5.0 challenges researchers to identify obstacles to the diffusion of technologies within hydrocarbon production industries and ways to overcome them in regard to the upcoming Mining 5.0 and Oil and Gas 5.0 environment. In this regard, the purpose of this review is to analyze the structure of scientific publications in this field of research on the human-centric development of technologies in terms of these platforms in order to outline the basis for further research. To achieve this goal, this review provides a multifaceted overview of the main technologies of Industry 5.0, embodied within Energy 5.0, Mining 5.0, and Oil and Gas 5.0, such as collaborative artificial intelligence and co-bots, digital tees, the industrial Internet of Everything, smart cities, and industry; their human-centric nature is revealed as the basis for achieving significant sustainable development goals. This review concludes that there is a need for further analysis of certain areas of the transition to Energy 5.0, such as the human-centric development of digital technologies of Industry 5.0 in the fuel and energy sector, and the revision of its role in terms of achieving the sustainable development goals in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a huge pile of literature, accessible on economic growth (GDP), natural resource rents (NR), mineral rents (MR), natural gas rents (GR), oil rents (OR), and forest rents (FR) but it does not address the association between trade openness (TO) and the availability of these resources. Thus, this study objectively probes the link among these resources and TO in CAREC nations (Georgia, China, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan) from 2000 to 2022. Mongolia, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan from CAREC countries are exempted in this inquiry due to unavailability of the data for the variables, GR, MR, and OR. The key methods used in this inquiry include method of moment quantile regression (MMQR) followed by Westerlund analysis, slope heterogeneity, CIPS unit root test, cross‐sectional dependence (CSD), and matrix correlation. The MMQR yields valid, trustworthy, and robust results. The empirical estimates demonstrate that MR and OR suggest significant positive impacts on TO. However, NR, GR, FR, and GDP have negative association with TO in CAREC countries. Besides, the research offers pertinent theoretical, and managerial blueprint proposals for global commerce by utilizing MR, OR, FR, and NR contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs) by fostering economic development, promoting sustainable development, and addressing environmental and social challenges, and highlighting the real impact and association of these resources with TO based on empirical aftermath of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) is a highly important strategic issue in the healthcare domain because of its significant effect on human wellbeing and healthcare costs. This paper provides a mathematical optimization model to design a PSC by considering the drug's corruption. Given the importance of the sustainable development goals, three objectives are considered: economic, social, and environmental. The cost of fixed installation, transportation, holding, collection, distribution, recycling and disposal is reduced by the economic objective. A reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, water use, and nonrenewable energy consumption is achieved by the environmental objective. Based on the social objective, the number of employment opportunities, economic growth, job satisfaction, and national self-sufficiency are all increased, while the number of days lost due to work-related accidents decreases. To achieve the weight of elements in environmental and social objectives, the fuzzy best–worst method is used. Due to the inherent uncertainty in the PSC, its main parameters are referred to as unpredictable, which calls for a robust optimization approach to eliminate the model parameters' uncertainty. A fuzzy programming approach is used to solve the developed model. Numerical evidence drawn from a practical case shows that the suggested model is efficacious and valid. We suggest that the priorities and challenges of sustainable growth contribute to the determination of the PSC's managerial and operational characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial that focuses on the importance of addressing climate change in urban environments and the role of cities in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. It emphasizes the need for adaptation strategies and highlights the interdependence between urban ecosystems and climate change. The document includes several articles that provide facts and figures on the changing climate and its impacts on the environment, society, finance, and health. These articles discuss various topics related to urbanization, climate change, and sustainable cities, such as the impact of urbanization on nighttime surface urban heat islands, the environmental effects of single-use plastic water bottles in hotels, the role of urban ecosystems in mitigating climate change, the challenges of smart city development, and the vulnerability of developing nations to climate change. The papers stress the importance of sustainable and resilient strategies to address these issues and promote the well-being of urban environments. [Extracted from the article]

An innovative decision matrix has been developed to guide the selection and implementation of Pneumatic Urban Solid Waste Collection Systems (PUSWCS) in smart city projects. This study comprehensively collects and analyzes data on the advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic collection systems from technical, economic, and social perspectives. A decision-making tool was created to address the complexities of evaluating the desirability of incorporating PUSWCS in municipalities or specific areas, using a holistic approach. The tool assesses the technical, economic, and social feasibility of implementing PUSWCS, aligning it with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Specific variables are measured to assess compliance with the SDGs, distinguishing technical aspects from economic and social aspects. The methodology includes surveys of system users and technicians, expert assessments, and the development of a decision matrix that cross-references study variables and SDGs. The matrix assigns numerical values to the Magnitude (M) and Impact (I) of each variable, enabling quantitative interpretation. This holistic approach accommodates the complexities of waste management and diverse stakeholder perspectives. The results demonstrate the matrix's effectiveness in accurately assessing the desirability of implementing PUSWCS. This confirms the matrix's ability to optimally integrate with innovative smart city concepts and align with long-term sustainability goals. The study concludes that the design of the decision matrix allows the collection of information from experts, users, and stakeholders about economic, social, and environmental variables and relates them to the SDGs, to obtain a numerical result that allows to decide whether in a given urban environment it is advisable to implement a PUSWCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pivotal aspects of enhancing regional ecosystem services and augmenting socioeconomic growth lie in optimizing the land-space development and protection strategies, coupled with the establishment of a robust ecological network (EN). This article examines the Poyang Lake area and employs the MOP model, NSGA-II, and PLUS model to determine the best sustainable land use strategy. Subsequently, the MSPA, InVEST model, circuit theory, complex network, and others are employed to construct and analyze the land-space EN across three time periods. Ultimately, the EN is optimized based on spatial protection priority, ecological obstacle areas, and ecological nodes. The results show the following: (1) From 2005 to 2035, more construction land will be developed around the Greater Nanchang area and other urban centers. In the BAU scenario, construction land will expand faster, while cultivated land, forest, grassland, and bare land will continue to decline. In the SD scenario, the alteration to comparable land is minimal, the growth rate of construction land will slow, cultivated land, forest, grassland, and bare land will all decline little, and the water area will increase slightly; (2) While the area of ecological sources is decreased and ecological corridors become longer and narrower in the BAU scenario, the spatial distribution of ENs in different periods is small, and the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of ecological sources and corridors are essentially unchanged in the SD scenario; (3) Based on the topological structure of ENs, it is found that the clustering of nodes in the SD scenario is more obvious, the importance of ecological sources is enhanced, the efficiency of information transmission is improved, and the radiation range is wider and more stable; (4) The greatest priority ecological sources in each period are concentrated around Poyang Lake. In the SD scenario, the priority of ecological sources improves, and 7025 km2 of ecological obstacle restoration area is identified, with 41, 31, and 36 ecological breakpoints in the first, second, and third levels. The study's findings can assist and shape theoretical and practical approaches to land governance and sustainable development in great lake areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Industrial Revolution and technological advancements have led to the densification and expansion of cities. In urban environments, residential buildings are common, and optimizing energy use in these structures is achieved by focusing on key parameters during the early design phases. These parameters can be tested through simulations. This study aims to define the scope of energy simulations in residential design to contribute to design optimization and reduce energy consumption. A systematic literature review and qualitative analysis were employed, using the PRISMA protocol for data collection and Vosviewer and Bibliometrix tools for bibliometric analysis. The keywords obtained were subjected to qualitative analysis. The research revealed the absence of a standardized approach in simulation studies. To address this, a nine-step framework has been proposed. A discrepancy between the objectives of certain studies and the keywords used was identified. Themes were created based on the studies' objectives, and keywords were recommended accordingly. Several studies have determined the energy potential of buildings during the occupancy phase. Simulations should be integrated into the early design phase to facilitate pre-design optimization. A framework for residential simulation methodology was developed, believed to enhance the validity of studies and facilitate result comparisons. Minimizing energy consumption is a primary objective in residential buildings. The recommendations developed align with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the nexus between food security, environmental sustainability, and sustainable growth from a global perspective of 63 economies spanning 2010–2021. Different econometric strategies including the Generalized Method of Moments (GMMs), the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLSs), and the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLSs) methods were employed to accomplish the investigation. The empirical outcomes indicate that the coefficients of food export, agricultural production, fertilizer consumption, FDI, population growth, and employment are positively and statistically associated with economic growth but have negative relationships with poverty and unemployment, except for population growth and unemployment, which revealed insignificant results. Conversely, the coefficient of food import revealed a positive association with poverty and unemployment but is negatively associated with economic growth. Additionally, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is also established in the considered countries. Nations, governments, and policymakers must prioritize environmentally friendly economic and green policies that can support sustainable agriculture. International policies to enhance food security collaboration because of nations' diverse natural endowments to achieve all-level inclusive growth and development must be highly prioritized to reduce global inequality. Innovativeness and the sustainable use of land and processing of food must be encouraged to reduce emissions and other forms of pollution to support eco-fishing, aquaculture, and agriculture in order to ensure food security and achievement of the SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Times have changed and museums are adapting to it. Their traditional functions have evolved, and the sustainability of these institutions is becoming increasingly important. Therefore, museums are facing a paradigm shift: from heritage-focused to society, especially their audiences. These institutions must now foster and develop social and economic approaches to adapt to this new situation. Cultural democracy and audience development are emerging as an effective approach and management tool in this adaptation process.This research focuses on the case of the Museo del Traje of Madrid [Costume Museum] in Madrid. Through the study of the Museum's website on its activity and in-depth interviews, this article gathers the information analysed to highlight the effort made by this museum in terms of sustainability through its face-to-face activities. The conclusions reveal that despite the efforts made by the museum in its adaptation process, a new management approach is needed to enhance this work. In this way, by improving its management, the Museo del Traje can become a replicable model of a museum that works to promote sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines poverty and inequality in Pakistan's mountains, using nationally representative data. Our analysis reveals that, despite a slight decline in poverty rates, overall rates remain alarmingly high, with significant variations across provinces and regions. Rural and mountain areas exhibit higher poverty rates (31% in rural areas, 13% in urban areas in 2015/16) compared to urban centers. The national incidence of multidimensional poverty in 2014/15 was 41%, surpassing monetary poverty rates. Notably, rural areas (47%) experienced significantly higher multidimensional poverty than urban centers (12%), with Balochistan's mountainous province recording the highest rates (63%). The four provinces display significant heterogeneity in multidimensional poverty, with district-level variations ranging from 10 to 90% in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. The majority of districts with high poverty incidence are situated in mountainous regions, where people face multidimensional challenges in accessing basic facilities such as health and education, cooking fuel, and housing. To address this issue, Pakistan needs to prioritize mountain areas and implement targeted programs aimed at improving access to basic services, addressing gender inequalities, and promoting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ancient water harvesting systems, such as those from the Indus Valley Civilization (~3500 BCE), have been vital for irrigation and climate resilience, especially in arid regions. One such prominent system in South Asia, called tank irrigation, initially thrived through community management but declined post-independence due to colonial policies and neglect in Sri Lanka and India. This study evaluates current policy frameworks and rehabilitation programs to enhance the resilience of these systems in India, develop strategies for their protection and adaptation to climate change, and integrate global lessons for sustainable development. Methods: A systematic meta-analysis of grey literature was conducted to aggregate data on policy constraints. Policy analysis involved detailed investigations of relevant documents, regulations, and comparative analyses of frameworks at regional and national levels. Pilot projects on tank rehabilitation were assessed through reported case studies and field surveys to gauge impact. Thematic analysis was used to explore the global potential of these systems in climate resilience and overall environmental sustainability. Results: The analysis showed that pilot projects for tank rehabilitation had limited success in achieving sustainability under current climate conditions. Tank irrigation systems are crucial for adapting to extreme weather, including floods, droughts, and heat waves, replenishing groundwater, reducing soil erosion, and ensuring reliable water supplies. Traditional water harvesting technologies support 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including clean water access, hunger reduction, gender equality, and climate action. Integrating AI and machine learning in water management benefits disaster response, while eco-tourism aids system maintenance and cultural awareness. Discussion: The study underscores the need for policy reforms to enhance tank rehabilitation and institutional arrangements. It calls for increased beneficiary participation and constitutional recognition of current practices. Strategic, national-scale assessments and resilience targets are recommended to improve the effectiveness of such water harvesting systems in mitigating natural hazards and enhancing environmental services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To embed the Sustainable Development Goals in health profession education, educators must contextualise them to their profession and geographical region. This study used the nominal group technique to contextualise the SDGs for Australian nutrition and dietetics tertiary education programs by determining the specific knowledge, skills, and values required for graduating dietitians to practise sustainably. Methods: In 2022, 23 experts in food and sustainability attended a group session that employed the nominal group technique to discuss the Sustainable Development Goals knowledge, skills, and values Australian dietetic students should develop. After the group session, participants ranked the Sustainable Development Goals according to their perceived level of importance for student dietitians. These data were analysed using multi-methods, including a summation of the rankings, directed qualitative content analysis and reflexive thematic analysis. Results: The three highest-priority Sustainable Development Goals identified were (1) Zero Hunger, (2) Good Health and Well-Being, and (3) Responsible Consumption and Production, which were then considered with the qualitative findings. The main categories that were generated from the content analysis reflected the broad knowledge, skills, and values student dietitians should develop. The preliminary codes provided specific details for each of the main categories. The thematic analysis generated two additional themes: the importance of Indigenous ways of knowing, being and doing, and authentic experiential learning activities. Conclusions: The method employed for this study provides a useful framework for health professions to contextualise the Sustainable Development Goals to their profession and geographical region. For this study, the ranking process and the qualitative data analysis enabled the Sustainable Development Goals to be reframed in a way that would be meaningful for dietetic educators and students and demonstrate the interrelatedness of the goals. The direct qualitative content analysis and reflexive thematic analysis identified the knowledge, skills, and values student dietitians should develop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to evaluate eco-industrial parks' architectural performance in relation to sustainable human development objectives. To mitigate the adverse environmental impacts of industrial activities, eco-industrial parks are crucial. These parks have a major positive impact on lowering greenhouse gas emissions and industrial pollutants. In this context, the study evaluates the architectural performance of "eco-industrial parks" based on the sustainability criteria established by the "United Nations Industrial Development Organisation". Among the most prominent and long-standing "eco-industrial parks" in the world are "Kokkola Eco-industrial Park", "Kalundborg Eco-industrial Park", "The Ecofactorij", "Tianjin Economic Development Area", "Eco3 Industrial Park", and "Daedeok Technovalley Park". These parks make up the study sample. Table 3 summarizes the findings from the study, which employed a qualitative analysis method, using a scoring system. Despite their many excellent aspects, eco-industrial parks lack innovative design, transportation and accessibility, and interior quality. The most effective criteria are waste management, water management, and material selection. The two with the highest scores are TEDA and Kalundborg. Kokkola and Ecofactorij get the lowest ratings among the parks. The study's findings demonstrate that taking sustainable design principles into account while creating eco-industrial parks produces more effective outcomes in terms of environmental sustainability. By highlighting the shortcomings and advantages of parks that might be regarded as forerunners in the field of eco-parks, the study seeks to develop a resource for architects and urban planners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents cultural conservation projects in Iran and Iraq, in each of which the social context of the archaeological site and the collection were also considered, in order to develop long-term conservation planning. The objective of one project is to improve the water supply for the local village population near an ancient salt mine in Iran in order to retain them as stewards of the archaeological site. Another project shows how digital media and different narrative perspectives are intended to appeal to different target groups in Iran and worldwide to raise awareness of the so-called salt mummies recovered from the ancient salt mine. International experts are also addressed via online formats to discuss the challenges of the ethical handling of human remains for conservation and exhibition. In Kurdistan (Iraq), young archaeology students are introduced to the topics of archaeological heritage management in order to recruit them as future caretakers. What all projects have in common is that relationships and cross-sector networks are being established to build a crisis-proof local community that takes care of its cultural heritage. In this way, projects can be implemented that are primarily carried out by local actors, thereby building up expertise that will endure. These projects are the initial attempts to link cultural preservation and social well-being and thus to make a contribution to sustainable development in line with the UN's 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAlthough Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) were stablished in 2015, there is still a scarcity of scientific literature focused on how they are being worked on in compulsory education curricula, perhaps due to a lack of suitable assessment tools. Hence, this study aims to design and validate a scale for assessing teachers’ attitudes towards responsible consumption and production (SDG-12), and to understand how they incorporate these concepts into their classroom practices. 400 primary and secondary school teachers participated in the study. The scale showed reliable psychometric properties. Although most participants had a favourable attitude towards SDG-12, only 28% of them had received training on this topic. Responsible consumption is occasionally addressed in the classroom, generally through ICT resources or specific activities. Primary teachers showed more favourable attitudes and engagement in teaching this topic in their classrooms than secondary teachers. Therefore, the proposed scale is a simple tool to find out how SDG-12 is addressed across different educational stages. It is important to measure these questions in order to guide the educational practices aimed at promoting responsible consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]