875 results on '"short"'
Search Results
152. Puppy
- Author
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Gelli Ramos, Cesar Henrique
- Subjects
- sci-fi, artificial intelligence, dystopia, film, short, sailboat, Film Production
- Abstract
Throughout this submission, I will discuss the overall process of creating my short thesis film, Puppy. An overall summary of my production approach and a detailed account of the specifics of how each production element occurred will also be provided along with visuals from the set. I will also discuss my education and experiences from my time at the University of New Orleans.
- Published
- 2022
153. Testing Various Population Interactions with the Race and Ethnicity Questions on the Decennial Census Form.
- Author
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Crowley, Melinda
- Subjects
GOVERNMENT questionnaires ,RESPONDENTS ,RESEARCH ,ETHNIC groups - Abstract
The purpose of this cognitive research was to quickly assess respondent behavior and impressions of two alternative versions of the Hispanic origin and race items on two paper mock versions of the 2010 decennial census short form. This report is qualitative and discusses items tested during one round of in-person, cognitive interviews among 40 adult respondents based on the following four research priorities: 1)Encouraging Spanish, Hispanic and Latino respondents to provide responses to the race and ethnicity items from among the answer categories listed on the census short form, rather than using ?Some other race (SOR)? or other write-in lines, such as ?Other Pacific Islander? for response; 2)To evaluate respondents? use and understanding of the inclusion of the term ?Caucasian? for the first time as a corollary to the response category ?White?; 3)Reporting options for Central and South American Indian respondents who do not know that they may choose the ?American Indian or Alaska Native? response option or who prefer not to do so; and 4)To assess proxy reporting issues, particularly issues arising from parents reporting children?s race and ethnicity. The motivation for this small-scale, cognitive study is the Census Bureau?s continuing need to address data completeness, data quality, item nonresponse, respondent burden, and questionnaire format, content and wording issues all while simultaneously addressing reporting compliance needs among an increasingly diverse US population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
154. Using Short Science Fiction Stories to Develop the Sociological Imagination.
- Author
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Kapinus, Carolyn A. and DeOllos, Ione Y.
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY education ,SCIENCE fiction ,SHORT story (Literary form) ,SOCIAL sciences ,ADVENTURE stories - Abstract
In an article published in a 1996 issue of Teaching Sociology, Cherly Laz laments that since the 1970s little attention has been paid to the use of science fiction in sociology courses. To illustrate the usefulness of science fiction as a teaching tool, Laz (1996) discusses how she incorporated the novel The Handmaiden's Tale in her introductory course. This paper continues Laz's exploration of the use of science fiction and discusses the use of short stories as another strategy of incorporating science fiction in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
155. The graphic method of sizing pipe reservoir for short, high-intensity rainfalls.
- Author
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Szeląg, Bartosz and Kiczko, Adam
- Subjects
- *
RAINFALL , *RAINFALL intensity duration frequencies , *RESERVOIRS , *GRAPHIC methods , *HYDRAULICS , *HYDROGRAPHY - Abstract
The graphic method of sizing pipe reservoir for short, high-intensity rainfalls. The sizing of a storage reservoir, in order to reduce maximum water discharges in stormwater drainage systems, is one of the major topics in the civil engineering. In this article a methodology that allows identifying an optimal capacity of a pipe reservoir is proposed. Applying a simplifi ed water fl ow model it was possible to bind various reservoir's parameters (a reservoir diameter, a diameter of an outflow orifice and an outflow coefficient) with an inflow hydrograph (a peak fl ow, a time of rising, a hydrograph fineness, a maximum discharge and a total volume). On the basis of functional relationships the nomographs were elaborated, allowing determining a desirable size of the reservoir, in a sense of a required peak reduction. The usage of the proposed methodology is presented with a simple example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
156. Comparison between short- and long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in hemodialysis patients: target hemoglobin, variability, and outcome.
- Author
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Bernieh, Bassam, Abouchacra, Samra, Boobes, Yousef, Al Hakim, Mohammad, Nagelkerke, Nico, Chaaban, Ahmad, Ahmed, Mohamad, Hussain, Qutaiba, Jack, Hanan, Abayechi, Faiz, Khan, Imran, and Gebran, Nicole
- Abstract
Purpose: Maintaining target hemoglobin (Hb) with minimal variability is a challenge in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study is to compare the long- and short-acting erythropoietin-stimulating agents such as Aranesp and Eprex in achieving these targets. Methods: Randomized, prospective, open-labeled study of 24 weeks includes stable patients on HD >3 months, age >18 years, and on Eprex for >3 months. Patients were randomized into two groups: A-(Aranesp group):HD patients on Eprex Q TIW or BIW were converted to Aranesp Q weekly, by using the conversion factor of 200:1 and those on Eprex Q weekly to Aranesp Q 2 weeks; B-(Eprex group):patients continued on Eprex treatment. Hemoglobin target was set at (105-125 g/l). Primary end points were percentage of patients achieving target Hb, hemoglobin variability, and number of dose changes in each group. Results: This study consisted of 139 HD patients: 72 in the Aranesp and 67 in the Eprex-mean (SD) age 54 (16.2) years, 77 (55 %) males. About 46 % were diabetic. Target Hb achieved in 64.8 % of the Aranesp and 59.7 % in the Eprex ( p = 0.006). Hb variability was less frequent in the Aranesp group ( p = 0.2). Mean number of dose changes was 1.3 (0.87) in the Aranesp and 1.9 (1.2) in the Eprex ( p < 0.001). There was 1 vascular access thrombosis in the Aranesp and 8 in the Eprex ( p < 0.001). There was no difference in hospitalization and death number between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Aranesp Q weekly or every 2 weeks is more efficient in achieving target Hb, with less dose changes and minor vascular access complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
157. Dietary fibre and related antioxidant components from cereal sources and their role in health: A review.
- Author
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Siddique, Aisha and Prakash, Jamuna
- Subjects
DIETARY fiber ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,CEREALS as food ,POLYSACCHARIDES ,DIET therapy for heart diseases ,HYPERTENSION - Abstract
Cereals are a major source of carbohydrates in diet occurring as soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides, including dietary fibre. Dietary fibre plays an important role in the intestinal health and appears to be significantly associated with lower risk of developing coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes and obesity. They consist of a diverse group of molecules with varying degrees of water solubility, size and structure, which may influence the rheological properties of the gastrointestinal contents, flow of digesta and the digestion, absorption processes. Dietary antioxidants protect against oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, lipids and have a significant impact on the regulation of gene expression. The dietary antioxidants mainly polyphenolics, traverse the small intestine linked to dietary fibre. These antioxidants are released from the fibre matrix in the colon by the action of the bacterial microbiota, producing metabolites and an antioxidant environment. The present review focuses on the role of antioxidants linked to dietary fibre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
158. On Bridging: Evidence and Guidance from Real-World Cases
- Author
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powell, john a and Heydemann, Rachel
- Subjects
short ,breaking ,soft breaking ,us ,types of bridging ,bridging ,hierarchies ,weak ,them ,hard breaking ,transactional ,othering ,belonging ,types of breaking ,transformational - Abstract
This reportdiscerns between actions that can instigate more suffering through breaking, and those that can lead to compassion, cohesion, and inclusion through bridging. Breaking causes fractures; bridging creates solidarity. Through the lens of bridging and the examples explored in this paper, we can understand what is required, from an individual to an institutional level, to strengthen practices and principles that offer a path forward to help us realize a world where all belong.
- Published
- 2020
159. TFG. Sentimientos en cuarentena
- Author
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Montiel González, Estefanía, Rubio-Alcover, Agustín, and Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Ciències de la Comunicació
- Subjects
short ,overcoming ,cuarentena ,depresión ,quarantine ,cortometraje ,Grado en Comunicación Audiovisual ,salud mental ,bulimia ,autoficción ,Grau en Comunicació Audiovisual ,depression ,superación ,autofiction ,mental health ,Bachelor's Degree in Audiovisual Communication - Abstract
Treball Final de Grau en Comunicació Audiovisual. Codi: CA0932. Curs acadèmic 2019-2020 El presente trabajo consiste en un cortometraje de autoficción titulado “TFG. Sentimientos en cuarentena.” En este cortometraje conocerán la historia de la escritora y protagonista del presente trabajo, que en plena cuarentena encuentra las fuerzas y la oportunidad de terminar con algo tan importante para todo estudiante universitario como es el Trabajo Final de Grado. Mientras realiza dicho trabajo recordará duros momentos de su pasado que le han impedido avanzar, en los que enfermedades de salud mental como la depresión y la bulimia tienen cierta presencia, si bien no son el tema central. Se trata de un proyecto arriesgado y delicado, no tanto por los temas tratados sino por encontrarnos ante un trabajo muy personal sin olvidarnos de que nos encontramos ante un trabajo académico y profesional. No obstante, este TFG nace ante la necesidad de compartir una pequeña parte de mi historia, de contar al mundo que el padecer una enfermedad de salud mental no es ninguna vergüenza y que no debemos dejar que nos impida conseguir nuestros propósitos. The present work consists in a autofiction short film called "FDP. Feelings in Quarantine." In this short film you will learn about the story of the writer and protagonist of this work, who in the middle of the quarantine finds the strength and the opportunity to finish something so important for every university student as the Final Degree Project. While she is doing this work, she will remember hard moments in her past that have disabled her from advancing, in which mental health illnesses such as depression and bulimia have a certain presence, although they aren’t the central theme. It’s a risky and delicate project, not so much because of the topics covered but because we are making a very personal work without forgetting that we are making an academic and professional project. However, this FDP was born out of the need to share a small part of my story, to tell the world that suffering a mental illness is not a shame and that we shouldn’t let it stop us from achieving our goals.
- Published
- 2020
160. Incolor
- Author
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Freitas, Luís Manuel Lemos and Branco, Sérgio Emanuel Dias
- Subjects
short ,artísticos ,argumento ,arts ,incolor ,script ,curta ,estudos ,studies - Published
- 2020
161. Duration of dual antiplatelet therapy and subsequent monotherapy type in patients undergoing drug eluting stent implantation: a network Meta-analysis
- Author
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Filippo Crea, Gabriele Crimi, Claudia Canale, Mattia Galli, Fabio Pescetelli, Rocco Vergallo, Italo Porto, Marco Canepa, Vincenzo De Marzo, Roberta Della Bona, Pietro Ameri, and Stefano Benenati
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Network Meta-Analysis ,Ischemia ,law.invention ,P2Y12 ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,very short ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,In patient ,acute coronary syndromes ,Myocardial infarction ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,short ,Duration of Therapy ,business.industry ,Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy ,percutaneous coronary intervention ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Bayes Theorem ,Drug-Eluting Stents ,drug eluting stent ,dual antiplatelet therapy ,medicine.disease ,Drug-eluting stent ,Meta-analysis ,Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - Abstract
Aims To compare the safety and efficacy of very short (≤3 months), short (6 months), standard (12 months), and extended (>12 months) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), and of subsequent monotherapies, after coronary drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Methods and results Twenty-two randomized control trials (n = 110 059 patients/year) were selected and included in a Bayesian network meta-analysis. The primary efficacy endpoint (PEP) was a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stent thrombosis (ST), with each of the components of the PEP being a secondary efficacy endpoint. The primary safety endpoint was major bleeding rate. Compared to standard, we found a lower rate of MI [odds ratio (OR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.77] in extended, a lower rate of major bleeding (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39–0.87) in very short, and a lower rate of any bleeding (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–0.90) in short DAPT. All DAPT durations were comparable regarding the secondary efficacy endpoints. Very short DAPT followed by P2Y12 inhibition was the treatment of choice to reduce both major bleeding and MI. In the ACS subgroup, extended DAPT (as compared to standard) reduced PEP and ST rates (but not MIs). Conclusion The efficacy of short and very short is comparable with that of standard DAPT after DES implantation, whereas extended DAPT reduces MI rate. Very short DAPT is associated with lower haemorrhagic events and, followed by a P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy, should be preferred in order to pursue a trade-off between major bleeding and ischaemic events.
- Published
- 2020
162. ДИСТРИБУЦИЯ ПЕРВИЧНЫХ И ВТОРИЧНЫХ ГЛАСНЫХ В ЧЕЧЕНСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
- Subjects
монофтонг ,short ,long ,language ,гласный ,фонема ,phoneme ,monophthong ,sound ,долгий ,язык ,звук ,краткий ,vowel - Abstract
Фонетические процессы в системе гласных звуков в современном чеченском языке стали предметом внимания языковедов уже давно, тем не менее, не все эти процессы исследованы с исчерпывающей полнотой, а некоторые из них изучены в недостаточной степени или не привлекали к себе особого внимания. Поэтому данная тема остается до сих пор актуальной. В статье рассматриваются вопросы дистрибуции гласных (первичных a, â, ā, i, ī, ie, iē, u, ū, uo, uō и вторичных ä, e, ē, ü, ǖ, ö (uö), (uöö), o, ō, oa) фонем в чеченском языке. От фонетической дистрибуции зависит и то, какие фонетические процессы оказываются закономерными для данного языка. В этом смысле система и обусловленные фонетические изменения гласных в чеченском языке зависят в первую очередь от структуры производных слов и производящих основ. Характер и результат данных изменений напрямую связаны со структурой производных слов и производящих основ, а также от типа слога (открытый или закрытый), в котором находится тот или иной гласный первого слога. В ряде диалектов чеченского языка и в ингушском языке различаются долгая фонема ā, полудолгая фонема â и краткая фонема а. Для характера и результата регрессивно-дистанционной ассимиляции важно, какую позицию в структуре слова может занимать гласный V 1-го: положение открытого слога или закрытого., The article deals with the distribution of vowel phonemes (primary a, â, ā, i, ī, ie, iē, u, ū, uo, uō and secondary ä, e, ē, ü, ǖ, ö (uö), (uöö), o, ō, oa) in the chechen language. The phonetic distribution also determines which phonetic processes are natural for a given language. In this sense, the system and the resulting phonetic changes of vowels in the Chechen language depend primarily on the structure of derived words and generative stems. The nature and result of these changes are directly related to the structure of derived words and generating stems, as well as to the type of syllable (open or closed) in which one or another vowel of the first syllable is located. In a number of dialects of the Chechen language and in the Ingush language there are long phonemes, a semi-long phoneme and a brief phoneme a. For the character and result of regressive-remote assimilation, it is important what position in the structure of the word can occupy the vowel V1: the position of an open syllable or closed one.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
163. Assessment of Peri-Implant Soft Tissues Conditions around Short and Ultra-Short Implant-Supported Single Crowns: A 3-Year Retrospective Study on Periodontally Healthy Patients and Patients with a History of Periodontal Disease
- Author
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Mauro Marincola, Pier Francesco Nocini, Giorgio Lombardo, and Annarita Signoriello
- Subjects
Male ,Peri-implantitis ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Radiography ,Peri ,periodontal disease ,Alveolar Bone Loss ,lcsh:Medicine ,Dentistry ,survival ,Single-Tooth ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ,Periodontal disease ,bone loss ,Mucositis ,medicine ,Prevalence ,Humans ,success ,Periodontal Diseases ,030304 developmental biology ,Retrospective Studies ,short ,Dental Implants ,0303 health sciences ,Crowns ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Soft tissue ,Retrospective cohort study ,030206 dentistry ,medicine.disease ,mucositis ,single crown ,Female ,Implant ,business ,ultra-short ,peri-implantitis ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate implant survival, marginal bone loss and peri-implant complications in 326 short and ultra-short implants. Implants were placed in the maxillary and mandibular posterior regions of 140 patients with (PP) and without (NPP) a history of periodontal disease. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at 3-year recall appointments. The 8.0, 6.0 and 5.0 mm-length implants placed in PP and NPP were respectively 43.75% and 38.46%, 35.10% and 34.19%, 21.15% and 27.35%, 325 implants (one early failure) were rehabilitated with single crowns in 139 patients. Overall implant survival after 3 years of follow-up was 97.55%, 98.08% and 96.61% for PP and NPP (p = 0.46). Crestal bone level variations were not statistically different among PP and NPP, 15.41% of implants presented signs of mucositis, 14.71% and 16.67% in PP and NPP (p = 0.64). Setting the threshold for bone loss at 2 mm after 36 months, peri-implantitis prevalence was 2.2%, 1.96% and 2.63% in PP and NPP (p = 0.7). Overall implant success was 82.39%, 83.33% and 80.7% for PP and NPP (p = 0.55). Short-term outcomes suggest that short and ultra-short locking-taper implants can successfully be restored with single crowns in the posterior jaws both in PP and NPP.
- Published
- 2020
164. Implants of 6 mm vs. 11 mm lengths in the posterior maxilla and mandible: a 1-year multicenter randomized controlled trial.
- Author
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Guljé, Felix, Abrahamsson, Ingemar, Chen, Stephen, Stanford, Clark, Zadeh, Homayoun, and Palmer, Richard
- Subjects
- *
DENTAL implants , *MAXILLA , *MANDIBLE , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *BONE resorption , *DENTAL screws , *FOLLOW-up studies (Medicine) , *ENDOSSEOUS dental implants - Abstract
Background and aim In cases with limited bone height, short implants could be a good alternative to augmentation procedures. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to compare the clinical performance of implants of 6 mm or 11 mm in length in the posterior region. Materials and methods In this multicenter trial (six study sites), 95 subjects were included. Subjects were randomly allocated to receiving implants with lengths of either 6 or 11 mm both with a diameter of 4 mm ( Osseo Speed™ 4.0 S; Astra Tech AB; Mölndal, Sweden). In all cases, there had to be sufficient bone height to allow placement of an implant of at least 11 mm in length. Two or three implants were placed per subject using one-stage surgery with a 42-48 days' healing period before loading. They were restored with a screw-retained splinted fixed prosthesis. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed preoperatively, postsurgery, at loading, and 6 and 12 months after prosthesis placement. Results A total of 208 implants were inserted in 49 subjects receiving 6-mm implants (test) and in 46 subjects receiving 11 mm implants (control). Two 6-mm implants failed before loading and one 6 and 11 mm implants failed before 1-year evaluation. From loading to the 12 months' follow-up, a mean marginal bone gain of 0.06 mm in the 6 mm group and 0.02 mm in the 11 mm group was found ( P = 0.478). Soft tissue behavior was equal in both groups (Bleeding and plaque [ P = 1.0] probing depth [ P = 0.91]). Conclusion One-year data indicate that treatment with the 6 mm implants is as reliable as treatment with the 11 mm implants. This provides a good treatment option in situations with limited bone height in the premolar and molar regions. Whether or not short implants provide a predictable treatment alternative to bone augmentation procedures remains to be investigated in the future randomized controlled clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
165. ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СЕГМЕНТНОГО РІВНЯ В МОВЛЕННІ СУЧАСНИХ АВСТРАЛІЙЦІВ
- Subjects
австралійський ,британський ,тип вимови ,голосні ,короткі ,довгі ,аудиторський ,інструментальний ,тривалість ,Australian ,British ,type of pronunciation ,vowels ,short ,long ,auditory ,instrumental ,duration ,австралийский ,британский ,тип произношения ,гласные ,короткие ,длинные ,аудиторский ,инструментальный ,длительность - Abstract
The present investigation is dedicated to the study of segmental peculiarities in the speech of contemporary Australians. Australian English (AusE) is not only a unique manner of speaking, but a peculiar means of individual and social expression. It has been defined that AusE is realized in three types of pronunciation which allow Australians to make linguistic choice in accordance with the needs of the situation. They have been classified as the following: Cultivated AusE (CAus) – a normalized type of pronunciation, which is spoken by a very small percentage of the population. This type is mostly close to the British Near RP pronunciation. Broad AusE (BrAus) is popular type of speech, the result of blending and evolution of jargon, dialects, which were spoken by the first setters of Australia. General AusE (GenAus) – is general Australian, which is in between popular and normalized types of pronunciation, it has no vividly expressed features. The greater part of Australian population mainly in cities speak it. The difference between British and Australian vowels has been analysed in the paper. The conducted complex investigation based on auditory and instrumental analysis allowed to reveal the present condition of Australian vowels. It has been proved that in the subsystem of long and short vowels the duration of close vowels is shorter the duration of open vowels. In the subsystem of long monophtongs, open and half open vowels [ɑ:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] exceed the duration of close vowels [ɪ:] and [u:]. Such fact can be explained by the fact that back vowels [ɑ:], [ɔ:] have last their back position and tend to the center of phonetic space. Gender factor as it has been defened influence the duration of vowels. The duration of vowels in female speech is longer than in male speech, which proves a well known in sociolinguistic fact that female speech is more normalized then male one., Данное исследование посвящено изучению сегментных особенностей в речи современных австралийцев. Австралийский вариант английского языка (AusE) является не только уникальной манерой говорения, но и особым способом индивидуального и социального выражения. В работе показано, что AusE реализуется в виде трёх типов произношения, которые дают возможность австралийцам делать лингвистический выбор в соответствии с требованиями ситуации: Cultivated AusE (CAus) – это нормированный тип произношения, на котором говорит очень небольшой процент населения Австралии. Он ближе всего к британскому стандарту и поэтому его называют «Near - RP». Broad AusE (BrAus), – просторечное произношение, результат слияния и эволюции, просторечий, диалектов, жаргонов, на которых говорили первые белые поселенцы Австралии. General AusE (GenAus) – общий австралийский, средний между просторечным произношением и нормированным; не имеет резко выраженных черт. На GenAus говорит большая часть населения, преимущественно в городах. В исследовании проанализирована разница между британскими и австралийскими гласными. В процессе проведенного анализа в подсистемах длинных и коротких гласных было обнаружено, что длительность закрытых гласных меньше длительности открытых гласных. В подсистеме длинных монофтонгов открытые и полуоткрытые гласные [ɑ:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] превышают закрытые монофтонги [ɪ:] и [u:] по длительности. Наибольшая длительность монофтонга [ɑ:] объясняется фактом его более открытого положения в области фонетического пространства. В исследовании доказано влияние гендерного фактора на длительность произнесения гласных в речи современных австралийцев. Отметим, что длительность гласных в женской речи больше, чем в мужской. Это подтверждает действующее в социальной лингвистике утверждение о большей нормативности женской речи по сравнению с мужской., Пропоноване дослідження присвячено вивченню сегментних особливостей в мовленні сучасних австралійців. Австралійський варіант англійської мови (AusЕ) є не тільки унікальною манерою говоріння, але й особливим способом індивідуального та соціального вираження. У роботі висвітлено, що AusЕ реалізується у вигляді трьох типів вимови, які дають можливість австралійцям лінгвістичного вибору відповідно до вимог ситуації: Cultivated AusЕ (CАus) – це нормований тип вимови, який притаманний дуже невеликому відсотку населення Австралії. Він ближче всього до британського стандарту і тому його називають «Near-RP». Broad AusЕ (Braus), – просторічна вимова, результат злиття та еволюції просторіччя, діалектів, жаргонів, якими говорили перші білі поселенці Австралії. General AusЕ (GenАus) – загальний австралійський тип вимови, середній між просторічною вимовою та нормованою; не має різко виражених рис. GenАus говорить більша частина населення, переважно в містах. У дослідженні проаналізовано різницю між британськими і австралійськими голосними. Проведене комплексне дослідження на базі аудиторського та інструментального видів аналізу дозволило визначити, що в підсистемі довгих і коротких голосних було виявлено, що тривалість закритих голосних є меншою за тривалість відкритих голосних. У підсистемі довгих монофтонгів відкриті й напіввідкриті голосні [ɑ:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] перевищують закриті монофтонги [ɪ:] та [u:] за тривалістю. Найбільша тривалість монофтонга [ɑ:] пояснюється фактом його більш відкритого положення в царині фонетичного простору. У дослідженні доведено вплив гендерного фактору на тривалість вимовляння голосних в мовленні сучасних австралійців. Зазначимо, що тривалість голосних у жіночому мовленні є більшою за їхню тривалість в чоловічому мовленні. Це підтверджує наявне в соціолінгвістиці твердження про більшу нормативність жіночого мовлення в порівнянні з чоловічим.
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- 2019
166. Comprehensive radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurements and assessments: a city center example
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Mustafa Mutlu, Cetin Kurnaz, and Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi
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Electromagnetic field ,Exponential distribution ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Burr distribution ,Short ,Turkey ,Radio Waves ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,01 natural sciences ,Electromagnetic Fields ,Statistics ,Fourth generation ,Base station ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,ICNIRP ,Public health ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Environmental Exposure ,long-term and band selective RF-EMF measurement ,Pollution ,Environmental science ,Stage (hydrology) ,Radiation protection ,business ,Radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
WOS: 000534057600001 PubMed: 32382839 In this study, radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) measurements were carried out between 2016 and 2018 in one the largest provinces of Turkey; measurement results are compared with the limit values determined by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and Turkey's Information and Communication Technologies Authority (ICTA). In the first stage of a three-phase evaluation, short-term RF-EMF measurements were conducted in 500 locations over a 2-year period. In the second stage, short-term RF-EMF measurement results were analyzed to determine selected locations for long-term RF-EMF measurements to be carried out, including variation of RF-EMF during the day. In the last stage, band selective measurements were taken and the main sources of RF-EMF in the environment were determined. Overall, RF-EMF values do not exceed the limits determined by ICNIRP and ICTA, and they are below levels that threaten public health. In the short-term RF-EMF measurements, RF-EMF levels doubled after fourth generation (4G) systems were introduced. In the long-term RF-EMF measurements, RF-EMF values in the day are 35.4% more than at night. The total measured RF-EMF within the city center is 99.3% base station sourced. Among the six main RF-EMF sources, the devices operating in UMTS2100 band have the most contribution to total RF-EMF of medium with 31.2%. Additionally, we found short-term average electric field strength data are best described by the "exponential distribution," while long-term RF-EMF measurement data is best described by the "Burr distribution."
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- 2019
167. Esophageal Mobilization in the Treatment of Short Esophagus
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Mladen Pavlovic, Bojan Milosevic, Bojan Stojanovic, Marko Spasic, Marko Cvetkovic, Aleksandar Cvetković, Aleksandar Cvetkovic, and Dejan Lazic
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esophagus ,short ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Mobilization ,frenotomy ,business.industry ,Short esophagus ,General Medicine ,vagotomy ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Complication ,business - Abstract
Short esophagus is well known complication of a long term gastroesophageal disease. There are several ways to solve this problem intraoperatively. One of the first steps is extensive esophageal mobilisation. In this review we emphasize different approaches and types of this procedure, with their advantages and disadvantages.
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- 2018
168. Short
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Gooch, Jan W. and Gooch, Jan W., editor
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- 2011
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169. Detection of antenatal depression in rural HIV-affected populations with short and ultrashort versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).
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Rochat, Tamsen, Tomlinson, Mark, Newell, Marie, and Stein, Alan
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POSTPARTUM depression diagnosis , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *STATISTICAL correlation , *HIV-positive persons , *INTERVIEWING , *RESEARCH methodology , *POSTPARTUM depression , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *REGRESSION analysis , *RESEARCH funding , *RURAL population , *EDINBURGH Postnatal Depression Scale , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Risk of antenatal depression has been shown to be elevated in Southern Africa and can impact maternal and child outcomes, especially in the context of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Brief screening methods may optimize access to care during pregnancy, particularly where resources are scarce. This research evaluated shorter versions of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to detect antenatal depression. This cross-sectional study at a large primary health care (PHC) facility recruited a consecutive series of 109 antenatal attendees in rural South Africa. Women were in the second half of pregnancy and completed the EPDS and Structured Clinical Interview for Depression (SCID). The recommended EPDS cutoff (≥13) was used to determine probable depression. Four versions, including the 10-item scale, seven-item depression, and novel three- and five-item versions developed through regression analysis, were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. High numbers of women 51/109 (47 %) were depressed, most depression was chronic, and nearly half of the women were HIV positive 49/109 (45 %). The novel three-item version had improved positive predictive value (PPV) over the 10-item version and equivalent specificity to the seven-item depression subscale; the novel five-item provided the best overall performance in terms of ROC and Cronbach's reliability statistics and had improved specificity. The brevity, sensitivity, and reliability of the short and ultrashort versions could facilitate widespread community screening. The usefulness of the novel three- and five-item versions are underscored by the fact that sensitivity is important at first screening, while specificity becomes more important at higher levels of care. Replication in larger samples is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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170. Introducing the WHOQOL-SRPB BREF: developing a short-form instrument for assessing spiritual, religious and personal beliefs within quality of life.
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Skevington, Suzanne, Gunson, Keely, and O'Connell, Kathryn
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QUALITY of life , *RELIGION , *HEALTH , *PUBLIC health research , *CHAPLAINS , *FACTOR analysis , *MAXIMUM likelihood statistics - Abstract
Purpose: The aim was to develop and conduct preliminary testing of a short-form measure to assess spiritual, religious and personal beliefs (SRPB) within quality of life (QoL). Methods: Existing data from the 132 items of the WHOQOL-SRPB ( n = 5087) obtained in 18 cultures were first analysed to select the 'best' performing item from each of the eight SRPB facets. These were integrated with the 26 WHOQOL-BREF items to give 34 items in the WHOQOL-SRPB BREF. A focus group of hospital chaplains reviewed this new short-form. The WHOQOL-SRPB BREF was administered to a UK community sample ( n = 230) either with an adapted WHOQOL-SRPB Importance measure or the SWBQ. A subset received both WHOQOL measures twice. Results: Completed in 8 mins, the WHOQOL-SRPB BREF was acceptable and feasible; Importance 5.5 mins. Good internal consistency reliability was found overall (α = 0.85), for the SRPB domain (α = 0.83), and Importance (α = 0.90). Domains were moderately correlated. Domain test-retest reliability was acceptable in both WHOQOL measures, except for SRPB Importance. Sleep was linked with religious beliefs. Hope and wholeness were widely associated with non-spiritual facets. Factor analysis (maximum likelihood) of items largely confirmed the WHOQOL domain structure, adding SRPB as a significant fifth domain. Internally, SRPB distinguished religious from existential beliefs, and was validated by association with personal and transcendental well-being from the SWBQ. Conclusion: Preliminary evidence shows that the WHOQOL-SRPB BREF is sound for use in, and beyond health care. Extracted from a measure already available in 18 languages, this short-form can be immediately used where such translations exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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171. Risk Factors for Short Stature in Children Born Small for Gestational Age at Full-Term.
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Ling L, Chen T, Zhang XH, Pan MH, Gong HH, Zhang LN, Zhao M, Chen XQ, Cui SD, and Lu C
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Objective: This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with short stature in children born small for gestational age (SGA) at full-term., Methods: This was a retrospective study. The subjects were full-term SGA infants who were followed up until the age of 2 years. The risk factors for short stature were identified with univariate and multivariate analyses., Results: Of 456 full-term SGA children enrolled in this study, 28 cases had short stature at 2 years of age. A significant decrease in placental perfusion was found in the short children group with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) technology, which was an advanced bi-exponential diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) model of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ( p = 0.012). Compared to non-short children born SGA at full-term, the short children group underwent an incomplete catch-up growth. Mothers who suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus were more likely to have a short child born SGA ( p = 0.023). The morbidity of giant placental chorioangioma was higher in the short children group. The pulsatility index (PI), resistivity index (RI), and systolic-diastolic (S/D) ratio of umbilical artery were higher in the short children group than in the non-short control group ( p = 0.042, 0.041, and 0.043). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that decrease of perfusion fraction ( f ) in IVIM of placental MRI, chromosomal abnormalities, short parental height, and absence of catch-up growth were associated with a higher risk of short stature in children born SGA at full-term.
p ) in IVIM of placental MRI, chromosomal abnormalities, short parental height, and absence of catch-up growth were associated with a higher risk of short stature in children born SGA at full-term., Conclusion: Risk factors for short stature in full-term SGA children at 2 years of age included a decrease of perfusion fraction f in IVIM of placental MRI, chromosomal abnormalities, and short parental height.p in IVIM of placental MRI, chromosomal abnormalities, and short parental height., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Ling, Chen, Zhang, Pan, Gong, Zhang, Zhao, Chen, Cui and Lu.)- Published
- 2022
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172. Plate osteosynthesis for atypical femoral fractures in patients with severely bowed femurs: comparing short versus long segment fixation - a case series.
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Kwan YH, Shuy YJ, Shi CJ, and Ng AS
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Background: Intramedullary nail fixation is currently the modality of choice in surgical treatment for atypical femoral fractures (AFF). Its uses are limited, however, in severely bowed femurs, narrow medullary canals, or in the presence of thick endosteal callus at the apex of the femoral curve. In these cases, extramedullary plate osteosynthesis is preferred. The consideration when adopting plate osteosynthesis is whether a short or long segment fixation is superior. We hypothesize that a long segment fixation has the potential advantage of protecting the entire length of the femur from future fractures in the adynamic bone. In this series, we present two cases from our institution, with the aims of discussing the benefits and limitations of short versus long segment plate fixation in AFF., Case Summary: We report two uncommon cases of bisphosphonate-related AFF in two Asian patients with severe femoral curvature, who were treated with extramedullary plate osteosynthesis at our institution. One patient underwent fixation with a short segment plate osteosynthesis, and the other received a long plate osteosynthesis spanning the proximal to distal femur in an attempt to protect the bone from future fractures. Both patients showed a favourable and uncomplicated course post-surgery, with early return to ambulation and radiographic bone union at follow up., Conclusion: We expect to see an increase in the number of patients with AFF and bowed femurs, especially with the increased usage of bisphosphonates given an ageing Asian population. Surgical treatment with short and long plate osteosynthesis are options with their own advantages and limitations. With the advent of new anatomical plate options, long segment fixation has become more accessible and may be considered in this patient group as it has the potential advantage of protecting the adynamic femur from future fractures. Further studies should be targeted to determine which method of treatment is superior in this particular group of patients., Competing Interests: None., (IJBT Copyright © 2022.)
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- 2022
173. A comparison of kinematic variables between short and tall interuniversity male long jumpers.
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HUSSAIN, IKRAM, PAUL, YVONNE, and KHAN, ASIM
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BROAD jump ,MALE athletes ,KINEMATICS ,MOTION analysis ,HUMAN locomotion - Abstract
Success in long jump performance mainly depends on the ability of the athlete to transform his horizontal approach velocity into horizontal and vertical takeoff velocity during the support phase of the jump. The aim of the athlete in a long jump is to attain the longest horizontal displacement from take-off to landing. The actual jump is divided into four distinct phases: the approach run, the take-off, the flight and the landing. For the purpose of the present study twelve male (6 short and 6 long) Interuniversity level long jumpers were randomly selected from All India Interuniversity Athletic championship held at Chennai, India. To obtain kinematic data a digital Sony DCR SX40E video recording camera, operating at 1/2000 with a frame rate of 60 frames per second, was used to capture the last five to six steps of the approach run and the jump. The camcorder was placed perpendicular at a distance of twelve meters on the right side of the take-off board. All subjects perform three jumps, but the best valid jump for each athlete was recorded for further analysis. The recorded video footages were downloaded and edited by using the downloaded version of STHVCD55 Software. Digitization, smoothing and analysis were conducted using the Silicon Coach Pro7 motion analysis software. The selected kinematics variables were: approach velocity, last stride length, velocity of last stride, knee angle at take-off, angle of foot planting and distance covered from the record data. Recorded data were subjected to an independent sample't'-test for the comparison of the kinematic parameters between short and long tall jumpers. All statistical procedures were conducted using the SPSS (version 16.0) software. A level of significance was set at p≤0.05. The results of the study revealed that, there were no significant differences between short and tall long jumpers in their approach run speed, last stride length, velocity of last stride take-off leg knee angle and angle of foot planting as well as in their distances covered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
174. It's not the size that matters: physical skills among tall and short police students.
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Lagestad, Pål
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POLICE training , *POLICE , *LAW enforcement education , *STUDENTS , *CRIMINAL justice personnel , *LAW enforcement - Abstract
A literature review suggests that height has always been a part of the assessment of suitability in police culture, and this may be linked to myths about a tall person's better physical skills and suitability for police work. In contrast to the above-mentioned assumptions, this study shows that short police students of both sexes generally perform better in physical tests than tall police students. Despite this, short women assess their physical skills as poorer than do tall women. This discrepancy is discussed, and several factors seem to explain this phenomenon. Police culture seems to link being tall with physical ability. The value placed on height can be explained by the fact that tall men represent and symbolise the police best. A contributing explanation to the discrepancy could be that height creates a natural physical authority among tall police officers, which short female officers are missing. Another explanation of the discrepancy may be that height and long arms can be beneficial in situations in which the police have to use physical force. However, it is argued that the police rarely use physical force, and that several other factors seem to reduce the importance of height in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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175. Fifty-six percent of proximal femoral cortical hypertrophies 6 to 10 years after Total hip arthroplasty with a short Cementless curved hip stem – a cause for concern?
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Innmann, Moritz M., Weishorn, Johannes, Bruckner, Thomas, Streit, Marcus R., Walker, Tilman, Gotterbarm, Tobias, Merle, Christian, and Maier, Michael W.
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- 2019
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176. Symmetrically biased T/R switches for NMR and MRI with microsecond dead time
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Brunner, David O., Furrer, Lukas, Weiger, Markus, Baumberger, Werner, Schmid, Thomas, Reber, Jonas, Dietrich, Benjamin E., Wilm, Bertram J., Froidevaux, Romain, Pruessmann, Klaas P., Brunner, David O., Furrer, Lukas, Weiger, Markus, Baumberger, Werner, Schmid, Thomas, Reber, Jonas, Dietrich, Benjamin E., Wilm, Bertram J., Froidevaux, Romain, and Pruessmann, Klaas P.
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For direct NMR detection and imaging of compounds with very short coherence life times the dead time between radio-frequency (RF) pulse and reception of the free induction decay (FID) is a major limiting factor. It is typically dominated by the transient and recovery times of currently available transmit-receive (T/R) switches and amplification chains. A novel PIN diode-based T/R switch topology is introduced allowing for fast switching by high bias transient currents but nevertheless producing a very low video leakage signal and insertion loss (0.5dB). The low transient spike level in conjunction with the high isolation (75dB) prevent saturation of the preamplifier entirely which consequently does not require time for recovery. Switching between transmission and reception is demonstrated within less than 1μs in bench tests as well as in acquisitions of FIDs and zero echo time (ZTE) images with bandwidths up to 500kHz at 7T. Thereby the 2kW switch exhibited a rise-time of 350ns (10-99%) producing however a total video leakage of below 20mV peak-to-peak and less than -89dBm in-band. The achieved switching time renders the RF pulse itself the dominant contribution to the dead time in which a coherence cannot be observed, thus making pulsed NMR experiments almost time-optimal even for compounds with very short signal life times.
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- 2019
177. Sleep duration and mortality - Does weekend sleep matter?
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Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Ghilotti, Francesca, Grotta, Alessandra, Zhao, Hongwei, Adami, Hans-Olov, Trolle-Lagerros, Ylva, Bellocco, Rino, Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Ghilotti, Francesca, Grotta, Alessandra, Zhao, Hongwei, Adami, Hans-Olov, Trolle-Lagerros, Ylva, and Bellocco, Rino
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Previous studies have found a U-shaped relationship between mortality and (weekday) sleep duration. We here address the association of both weekday and weekend sleep duration with overall mortality. A cohort of 43,880 subjects was followed for 13 years through record-linkages. Cox proportional hazards regression models with attained age as time-scale were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for mortality; stratified analyses on age (<65 years, >= 65 years) were conducted. Among individuals <65 years old, short sleep (<= 5 hr) during weekends at baseline was associated with a 52% higher mortality rate (hazard ratios 1.52; 95% confidence intervals 1.15-2.02) compared with the reference group (7 hr), while no association was observed for long (>= 9 hr) weekend sleep. When, instead, different combinations of weekday and weekend sleep durations were analysed, we observed a detrimental association with consistently sleeping <= 5 hr (hazard ratios 1.65; 95% confidence intervals 1.22-2.23) or >= 8 hr (hazard ratios 1.25; 95% confidence intervals 1.05-1.50), compared with consistently sleeping 6-7 hr per day (reference). The mortality rate among participants with short sleep during weekdays, but long sleep during weekends, did not differ from the rate of the reference group. Among individuals >= 65 years old, no association between weekend sleep or weekday/weekend sleep durations and mortality was observed. In conclusion, short, but not long, weekend sleep was associated with an increased mortality in subjects <65 years. In the same age group, short sleep (or long sleep) on both weekdays and weekend showed increased mortality. Possibly, long weekend sleep may compensate for short weekday sleep.
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- 2019
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178. SEGMENTAL PECULIARITIES IN THE SPEECH OF CONTEMPORARY AUSTRALIANS
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Костроміна, О. В.; Національний університет «Одеська морська академія» and Костроміна, О. В.; Національний університет «Одеська морська академія»
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The present investigation is dedicated to the study of segmental peculiarities in the speech of contemporary Australians. Australian English (AusE) is not only a unique manner of speaking, but a peculiar means of individual and social expression. It has been defined that AusE is realized in three types of pronunciation which allow Australians to make linguistic choice in accordance with the needs of the situation. They have been classified as the following: Cultivated AusE (CAus) – a normalized type of pronunciation, which is spoken by a very small percentage of the population. This type is mostly close to the British Near RP pronunciation. Broad AusE (BrAus) is popular type of speech, the result of blending and evolution of jargon, dialects, which were spoken by the first setters of Australia. General AusE (GenAus) – is general Australian, which is in between popular and normalized types of pronunciation, it has no vividly expressed features. The greater part of Australian population mainly in cities speak it. The difference between British and Australian vowels has been analysed in the paper. The conducted complex investigation based on auditory and instrumental analysis allowed to reveal the present condition of Australian vowels. It has been proved that in the subsystem of long and short vowels the duration of close vowels is shorter the duration of open vowels. In the subsystem of long monophtongs, open and half open vowels [ɑ:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] exceed the duration of close vowels [ɪ:] and [u:]. Such fact can be explained by the fact that back vowels [ɑ:], [ɔ:] have last their back position and tend to the center of phonetic space. Gender factor as it has been defened influence the duration of vowels. The duration of vowels in female speech is longer than in male speech, which proves a well known in sociolinguistic fact that female speech is more normalized then male one., Данное исследование посвящено изучению сегментных особенностей в речи современных австралийцев. Австралийский вариант английского языка (AusE) является не только уникальной манерой говорения, но и особым способом индивидуального и социального выражения. В работе показано, что AusE реализуется в виде трёх типов произношения, которые дают возможность австралийцам делать лингвистический выбор в соответствии с требованиями ситуации: Cultivated AusE (CAus) – это нормированный тип произношения, на котором говорит очень небольшой процент населения Австралии. Он ближе всего к британскому стандарту и поэтому его называют «Near - RP». Broad AusE (BrAus), – просторечное произношение, результат слияния и эволюции, просторечий, диалектов, жаргонов, на которых говорили первые белые поселенцы Австралии. General AusE (GenAus) – общий австралийский, средний между просторечным произношением и нормированным; не имеет резко выраженных черт. На GenAus говорит большая часть населения, преимущественно в городах. В исследовании проанализирована разница между британскими и австралийскими гласными. В процессе проведенного анализа в подсистемах длинных и коротких гласных было обнаружено, что длительность закрытых гласных меньше длительности открытых гласных. В подсистеме длинных монофтонгов открытые и полуоткрытые гласные [ɑ:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] превышают закрытые монофтонги [ɪ:] и [u:] по длительности. Наибольшая длительность монофтонга [ɑ:] объясняется фактом его более открытого положения в области фонетического пространства. В исследовании доказано влияние гендерного фактора на длительность произнесения гласных в речи современных австралийцев. Отметим, что длительность гласных в женской речи больше, чем в мужской. Это подтверждает действующее в социальной лингвистике утверждение о большей нормативности женской речи по сравнению с мужской., Пропоноване дослідження присвячено вивченню сегментних особливостей в мовленні сучасних австралійців. Австралійський варіант англійської мови (AusЕ) є не тільки унікальною манерою говоріння, але й особливим способом індивідуального та соціального вираження. У роботі висвітлено, що AusЕ реалізується у вигляді трьох типів вимови, які дають можливість австралійцям лінгвістичного вибору відповідно до вимог ситуації: Cultivated AusЕ (CАus) – це нормований тип вимови, який притаманний дуже невеликому відсотку населення Австралії. Він ближче всього до британського стандарту і тому його називають «Near-RP». Broad AusЕ (Braus), – просторічна вимова, результат злиття та еволюції просторіччя, діалектів, жаргонів, якими говорили перші білі поселенці Австралії. General AusЕ (GenАus) – загальний австралійський тип вимови, середній між просторічною вимовою та нормованою; не має різко виражених рис. GenАus говорить більша частина населення, переважно в містах. У дослідженні проаналізовано різницю між британськими і австралійськими голосними. Проведене комплексне дослідження на базі аудиторського та інструментального видів аналізу дозволило визначити, що в підсистемі довгих і коротких голосних було виявлено, що тривалість закритих голосних є меншою за тривалість відкритих голосних. У підсистемі довгих монофтонгів відкриті й напіввідкриті голосні [ɑ:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] перевищують закриті монофтонги [ɪ:] та [u:] за тривалістю. Найбільша тривалість монофтонга [ɑ:] пояснюється фактом його більш відкритого положення в царині фонетичного простору. У дослідженні доведено вплив гендерного фактору на тривалість вимовляння голосних в мовленні сучасних австралійців. Зазначимо, що тривалість голосних у жіночому мовленні є більшою за їхню тривалість в чоловічому мовленні. Це підтверджує наявне в соціолінгвістиці твердження про більшу нормативність жіночого мовлення в порівнянні з чоловічим.
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- 2019
179. Sleep duration and mortality – Does weekend sleep matter?
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Akerstedt, T, Ghilotti, F, Grotta, A, Zhao, H, Adami, H, Trolle-Lagerros, Y, Bellocco, R, Akerstedt T., Ghilotti F., Grotta A., Zhao H., Adami H. -O., Trolle-Lagerros Y., Bellocco R., Akerstedt, T, Ghilotti, F, Grotta, A, Zhao, H, Adami, H, Trolle-Lagerros, Y, Bellocco, R, Akerstedt T., Ghilotti F., Grotta A., Zhao H., Adami H. -O., Trolle-Lagerros Y., and Bellocco R.
- Abstract
Previous studies have found a U-shaped relationship between mortality and (weekday) sleep duration. We here address the association of both weekday and weekend sleep duration with overall mortality. A cohort of 43,880 subjects was followed for 13 years through record-linkages. Cox proportional hazards regression models with attained age as time-scale were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for mortality; stratified analyses on age (<65 years, ≥65 years) were conducted. Among individuals <65 years old, short sleep (≤5 hr) during weekends at baseline was associated with a 52% higher mortality rate (hazard ratios 1.52; 95% confidence intervals 1.15–2.02) compared with the reference group (7 hr), while no association was observed for long (≥9 hr) weekend sleep. When, instead, different combinations of weekday and weekend sleep durations were analysed, we observed a detrimental association with consistently sleeping ≤5 hr (hazard ratios 1.65; 95% confidence intervals 1.22–2.23) or ≥8 hr (hazard ratios 1.25; 95% confidence intervals 1.05–1.50), compared with consistently sleeping 6–7 hr per day (reference). The mortality rate among participants with short sleep during weekdays, but long sleep during weekends, did not differ from the rate of the reference group. Among individuals ≥65 years old, no association between weekend sleep or weekday/weekend sleep durations and mortality was observed. In conclusion, short, but not long, weekend sleep was associated with an increased mortality in subjects <65 years. In the same age group, short sleep (or long sleep) on both weekdays and weekend showed increased mortality. Possibly, long weekend sleep may compensate for short weekday sleep.
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- 2019
180. Teaching to Transition Design: A Case Study on Design Agility, Design Ethos, and Dexign Futures
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Scupelli, Peter and Scupelli, Peter
- Abstract
Design educators struggle to teach basic skills in traditional design courses needed for Transition Design practice. Transition Design’s systems level change for societal sustainability poses three challenges: (a) What design experiences best prepare students to engage in systems-level change for societal-level sustainable futures? (b) What might be a scaled down Transition Design project for a semester-long studio course? (c) What design skills are needed to facilitate diverse human coalitions to pursue societallevel sustainability? In this paper, I describe fundamental design skill exercises introduced through three design courses to prepare students for Transition Design-type challenges., Os educadores de design lutam por ensinar habilidades básicas nos cursos de design tradicional necessárias para a prática do Design para a Transição. A mudança ao nível dos sistemas do Design para a Transição até uma sociedade sustentável propõe três desafios: a) Que experiências de design preparam melhor aos estudantes para participar em mudanças ao nível dos sistemas para futuros sociais sustentáveis? b) Qual poderia ser um projeto de Design para a Transição limitado a um curso de estudo de um semestre? c) que habilidades de design se precisam para facilitar diferentes coligações humanas que procurem a sustentabilidade social? Neste trabalho se descrevem exercícios fundamentais para desenvolver habilidades de design, introduzidas em três cursos de design, para preparar aos estudantes para os desafios do tipo de Design para a Transição., Los educadores de diseño luchan por enseñar habilidades básicas en los cursos de diseño tradicional necesarias para la práctica del Diseño para la Transición. El cambio a nivel de los sistemas del Diseño para la Transición, hacia una sociedad sostenible, plantea tres desafíos: (a) ¿Qué experiencias de diseño preparan mejor a los estudiantes para participar en cambios a nivel de los sistemas para futuros sociales sostenibles? (b) ¿Qué podría ser un proyecto de Diseño para la Transición acotado a un curso de estudio de un semestre de duración? (c) ¿Qué habilidades de diseño se necesitan para facilitar distintas coaliciones humanas que busquen la sostenibilidad social? En este documento, describo ejercicios fundamentales para desarrollar habilidades de diseño, introducidas en tres cursos de diseño, para preparar a los estudiantes para los desafíos del tipo de Diseño para la Transición.
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- 2019
181. Selective Atomic-Level Etching on Short S-Glass Fibres to Control Interfacial Properties for Restorative Dental Composites
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Cho, Kiho, Wang, Guannan, Raju, Raju, Fang, Jian, Rajan, Ginu, Stenzel, Martina, Farrar, Paul, Prusty, Gangadhara B, Cho, Kiho, Wang, Guannan, Raju, Raju, Fang, Jian, Rajan, Ginu, Stenzel, Martina, Farrar, Paul, and Prusty, Gangadhara B
- Abstract
Interfacial bonding between fibre and matrix is most critical to obtain enhanced mechanical properties of the resulting composites. Here we present a new surface tailoring method of selective wet etching and organosilicon monomers (3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate, TMSPMA) deposition process on the short S-Glass fibre as a reinforcing material, resulting in increased mechanical retention and strong chemical bonding between glass fibres and polymer resin (a mixture of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) monomers). The effect of surface modification on fibre matrix interfacial strength was investigated through microdroplet tests. An S-Glass fibre treated with piranha solution (a mixture of H2O2 and H2SO4) for 24 hours followed by TMSPMA surface silanization shows highest increase up to 39.6% in interfacial shear strength (IFSS), and critical fibre length could be reduced from 916.0 µm to 432.5 µm. We find the optimal surface treatment condition in that the flexural strength of dental composites reinforced by the S-Glass fibres enhanced up to 22.3% compared to the composites without fibre surface treatments. The significant elevation in strength is attributed to changes in the surface roughness of glass fibres at atomic scale, specifically by providing the multiplied spots of the chemical bridge and nano-mechanical interlocking. The findings offer a new strategy for advanced tailoring of short S-Glass fibres to maximise the mechanical properties of biomedical and dental composites.
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- 2019
182. Inverse Analysis Method for Concrete Shrinkage Prediction from Short-Term Tests.
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Shekarchi, Mohammad, Ghasemzadeh, Farnam, and Sajedi, Siavash
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EXPANSION & contraction of concrete ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,CONSTRUCTION materials ,CONCRETE construction ,CONCRETE industry - Abstract
The accurate long-term prediction of shrinkage in concrete structures has been an important issue for a long time. Although several models for the prediction of shrinkage strains already exist, a reliable model suitable for different concretes is still needed. In this study, the total shrinkage of four different mixture designs was measured in the laboratory; subsequently, the long-term shrinkage of these concretes was predicted from the short-term measurements using the inverse analysis (IA) method applied to six existing shrinkage models. Two different mixtures from two previous studies were chosen to verify the proposed method. The results show a good agreement between the experimental measurements and the estimated values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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183. Short-, Long-, and Secular-Wave Growth in the World Political Economy.
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O'Hara, Phillip Anthony
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ECONOMIC trends ,ECONOMIC development ,BUSINESS cycles ,ECONOMIC models ,ECONOMIC history ,GROSS domestic product ,ECONOMIC conditions in Africa - Abstract
This paper examines the complex evolution and metamorphosis of the global, continental, and national political economies over the period 1940 to 2010. The data used are Maddison's, mostly for 1940-60, and the World Bank online World Development Indicators database mainly for 1961-2010. Emphasis is given to changes in the rate of per capita economic growth over time, arranged by decades, including the periodicity, amplitude, and phases of short, long, and secular waves. The paper starts by summarizing the stylized long-wave pattern for the 1940s to 2000s, which is then compared with that for the world, seven continents/regions, and 108 countries. Stylized facts about short, long, and secular wave patterns are scrutinized in relation to amplitude, periodicity, deviations from the stylized model and the world wave, plus multiple and erratic waves and patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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184. Short Same-Segment Fixation of Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures.
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Eno, Jonathan-James T., Chen, James L., and Mitsunaga, Morris M.
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INTERNAL fixation in fractures ,BONE fractures ,FRACTURE fixation ,KYPHOSIS ,LORDOSIS ,PSEUDARTHROSIS - Abstract
Introduction: Minimizing the number of vertebral levels involved in fusion of a spine fracture is a common goal of internal fixation. This is achievable by utilizing traditional short-segment posterior fixation (SSPF). However, in SSPF there is reported up to a 54% incidence of instrument failure or unfavorable clinical outcome. Short-segment posterior fixation with pedicle fixation at the level of the fracture (short same-segment fixation) suggests biomechanical advantages toward maintenance of kyphosis correction and reducing failure rates. However its clinical efficacy is largely unknown. Methods: The team conducted a retrospective review of 25 thoracolumbar burst fracture patients who were treated with short same-segment fixation between September 2005 and April 2009. The primary outcome measure was incidence of reoperation and loss of kyphosis correction within the follow-up period. Long-term functional status and pain was also assessed. Results: Average duration of the most recent follow-up was 21.64 months (range 3 to 42 months). Two patients (8%) required reoperation due to either hardware failure or pseudoarthrosis. Mean pre-operative kyphosis was 14.49°. Average post-operative kyphosis was -0.74° (lordosis). Average follow-up kyphosis of all cases was 10.78°. Excluding failures, average follow-up kyphosis was 8.67°. A mean of 15.23° of kyphosis correction was attained from pre-operation to post-operation (P < 0.0001). Average loss of kyphosis correction from immediate post-operation to most recent follow-up was -11.51° and -9.51 excluding the two failures (P < 0.0001). Average pre-operative to most-recent follow-up kyphosis correction was 3.72° (P = 0.067) and 5.51° excluding failures (P = 0.0024). At initial one-month follow-up, average disability score was 52.63% (range 16% to 84%). At most recent follow-up, average disability score was 5.5% (range 0% to 16%). One patient was lost to long-term follow-up. Mean difference from one-month follow-up to most recent follow-up (excluding failures) was 47.27% (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Short same-segment fixation decreases implantation failure rate and reoperation rate compared to traditional SSPF, however long-term kyphosis correction was not maintained. Despite this loss of kyphosis correction, clinical pain and disability improved at long-term follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
185. Short questionnaire for Parkinson's disease as a screening instrument
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Setthawatcharawanich, Suwanna, Sathirapanya, Pornchai, Phabphal, Kanitpong, and Limapichat, Kitti
- Subjects
- *
PARKINSON'S disease diagnosis , *MEDICAL screening , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *REGRESSION analysis , *FOLLOW-up studies (Medicine) - Abstract
Abstract: Objective: To validate and simplify a screening questionnaire for the determination of PD. Methods: The screening questionnaire for PD was developed with the permission of the author. Reliability of the questionnaire was tested. To validate the questionnaire, 40 patients with PD and 93 controls completed the questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the questions independently associated with PD and a risk score was calculated. The predictive performance of the risk score was evaluated via the area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Results: The questionnaire showed a Cronbach''s alpha coefficient of 0.73 with no difference between the initial and follow up scores. The mean content validity was 0.86. Of the 11 questions, 4 were independently associated with PD and were used to calculate the risk score. The scores of these questions were 2 (clumsiness)+4 (tremor)+2 (masked face)+2 (loss of balance while turning). The AUC of a ROC curve for the sum of risk score was 0.95. With a cutoff score of 5 or higher, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.88 and 0.95, respectively. Conclusions: The screening questionnaire for PD is a reliable and valid instrument. The predictive performance of the simplified questionnaire is as good as the original. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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186. On Short-Term Periodicity of the Solar Radius Measurements.
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Kiliç, H. and Golbasi, O.
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- *
SUNSPOTS , *SOLAR flares , *RADIUS (Geometry) , *MEASUREMENT , *SOLAR cycle , *FOURIER transforms , *POWER spectra - Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the short-term periodicity in the solar radius measurements and to compare with the short periods in sunspot numbers, sunspot areas and flare index data. The spectral analysis of data sets covering a time interval from 26 February 2000 to 26 October 2007 during Solar Cycle 23 were made by using the Date Compensated Discrete Fourier Transform (DCDFT). The power spectrum of solar radius data corrected for the seeing effect gives an evident peak at 25.7 days with the amplitude of 0.034 arcsec, which is slightly different from the peaks of 26.2 and 26.7 days produced by sunspot numbers and sunspot areas data, respectively. Besides, the main peak of 25.7 days detected in the power spectrum of solar radius data is in agreement with the period of 25.5 days, suggested to be the fundamental period of the Sun by Bai and Sturrock (in Nature 350, 141, ). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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187. Item selection and validation of a brief, 15-item version of the Need for Closure Scale
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Roets, Arne and Van Hiel, Alain
- Subjects
- *
VALIDATION therapy , *PSYCHOLOGICAL research , *MATHEMATICAL statistics , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *SOCIAL psychology , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *MOTIVATION (Psychology) , *PSYCHOLOGY , *NEED (Psychology) - Abstract
Abstract: Since its introduction, the Need for Closure (NFC) Scale (; revised by ) has been frequently used in psychological research. However, given the scale’s substantial length, researchers often used abridged, ‘idiosyncratic’ versions by selecting a number of items on seemingly arbitrary grounds, without reporting or validating their item selection. The present study aims to meet the apparent need for an empirically validated abridged NFC scale. Based on data obtained from an aggregated heterogeneous sample (N =1584), we propose a 15-item selection comprising three items from each facet scale. Comparison of the full and reduced NFC scales revealed similar psychometric properties and correlations with third variables. The brief NFC scale provides researchers with a useful tool for assessing the NFC construct when practical considerations prohibit the use of the original full 42-item scale or the 41-item revised version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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188. The reaction of the medical profession to proposed restriction of the law 1969–1979.
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Keown, John
- Abstract
Chapter 5 suggested that the discretion which the Abortion Act 1967 afforded to medical practitioners has been exercised in an extensive way to such a degree that, in medical practice if not in legal theory, abortion has been available ‘on request’ and for social reasons both in the private sector and, to a somewhat lesser degree, in the National Health Service (N.H.S.), and that the safeguards which were incorporated into the Act ostensibly to curb such practices have proved largely ineffective. Further evidence to support these suggestions will be provided in this chapter, which outlines the major legislative attempts made between 1969 and 1979 to curb perceived abuses of the law by amending the Act restrictively, and which focusses on the profession's reaction to such proposals. The Stjohn–Stevas Bill (1969) After the Act had been in operation for only fifteen months, Mr St John–Stevas introduced a ‘ten minute rule’ Bill entitled, ‘A Bill to improve the law governing abortion and the status and rights of the medical profession in relation thereto’. Clause 1 of the Bill sought to provide that one of the two opinions required by the Act was given by a consultant gynecologist holding office under the N.H. S. (or a doctor of equivalent status approved by the Minister of Health) and that the operation was performed by him or under his supervision. The declared aims of the Bill were to check racketeering, which the Act's safeguards had been unable to prevent, and to ensure that the operation was performed under the best possible conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1988
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189. Negotiating the Nature of Mystical Experience, Guided by James and Tillich.
- Author
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Nikkel, David
- Abstract
The nature of mystical experience has been hotly debated. Essentialists divide into two camps: 1) immediate identity beyond any subject-object structure 2) the mystical object maintaining some distinctness at the point of contact. Paul Tillich's mystical a priori has some affinities with the former, while William James' model of religious experience coheres only with the latter. Opposing the essentialists are constructivists. After noting some ironies of the constructivist position, this article elaborates difficulties with 1) the traditional model of pure identity with the divine by certain mystics, 2) the Tillichian universal mystical awareness, and 3) the Jamesian direct perceptual model. Finally, it proposes that the human body and brain mediate mystical experience, which consists of a distinctive sense of bodily harmony conjoined with openness to the potentialities of an integrated environment, involving distinctive neurological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
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190. 'Carte du Ciel': Sydney Observatory's Role in the International Project to Photograph the Heavens.
- Author
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Barker, Geoff
- Subjects
- *
ASTRONOMICAL photography , *ASTRONOMICAL observatories , *TRANSIT-instruments , *HISTORY - Abstract
One of the most ambitious photographic projects the world has ever seen was announced at the 1887 International Astronomical Conference. Known as the Carte du Ciel' or 'Mapping the Stars' project, its grand aim was to record on photographic plates the stars in the night sky. Worked on by eighteen observatories around the world, it was estimated that it would require 22,154 photographic plates. Although little known today, this project cemented the role of photography as a tool for astronomers and was in particular a major accomplishment for the Sydney Observatory, where it was worked on for over seventy years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
191. The DePuy Proxima hip: a Short Stem for Total Hip Arthroplasty. Early experience and technical considerations.
- Author
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GHERA, STEFANO and PAVAN, LAURA
- Subjects
- *
TOTAL hip replacement , *ARTHROPLASTY , *HIP surgery , *ARTIFICIAL hip joints ,FEMUR surgery - Abstract
The rationale for short stems in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) is proximal load transfer and absence of distal fixation resulting in preserved femoral bone stock and avoidance of thigh pain. We report a consecutive series of 65 THAs inserted mainly for osteoarthritis with the DePuy Proxima. hip, a short, anatomic implant with a pronounced lateral flare. Patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6 and 12 months and annually thereafter, using the Harris Hip Score (HHS), the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and standard radiographs. No thigh pain was reported. At a mean follow-up of 1.7 years the HHS improved from a preoperative mean value of 51 to 91 and the OHS decreased from a mean value of 42.5 to 12.4. Complications included 1 intraoperative fracture, 1 superficial infection, and 3 deep vein thromboses. The proximal medial edge of the resected femoral neck appeared rounded off in 49 cases whilst in 16 cases a further loss of medial cortical density was observed. Patient selection and surgical technique are crucial factors contributing to a successful outcome. The surgical technique is different from standard THA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
192. Hip and knee dislocation during femoral lengthening in congenital short femur: a rare case report.
- Author
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Hazra, Sunit, Hae-Ryong Song, Jajodia, Nirmal, Biswal, Sandeep, Modi, Hitesh N., and Srinivasalu, S.
- Subjects
- *
JOINT dislocations , *KNEE injuries , *FEMUR , *STIFLE joint , *JOINTS (Anatomy) , *WOUNDS & injuries - Abstract
Congenital short femur is a rare and complex deformity that is often associated with other anomalies. There are few reports of either hip or knee dislocations during femoral lengthening in congenital short femur predisposed by associated anomaly. However, there are probably no case reports of both hip and knee joint dislocation occurring in same case during femoral lengthening in congenital short femur. We have this case of congenital short femur, where both hip and knee dislocation occurs during femoral lengthening. We reviewed different article to understand the cause and avoid such unwanted complications in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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193. Short fail-stop signature scheme based on factorization and discrete logarithm assumptions
- Author
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Susilo, Willy
- Subjects
- *
ASSOCIATION schemes (Combinatorics) , *FORGERY , *FACTORIZATION , *LOGARITHMS , *COMPUTER science , *DIGITAL signatures , *COMPUTER network security - Abstract
Abstract: Fail-stop signature (FSS) schemes protect a signer against a forger with unlimited computational power by enabling the signer to provide a proof of forgery, if it occurs. A decade after its invention, there have been several FSS schemes proposed in the literature. Nonetheless, the notion of short FSS scheme has not been addressed yet. Furthermore, the short size in signature schemes has been done mainly with the use of pairings. In this paper, we propose a construction of short FSS scheme based on factorization and discrete logarithm assumption. However, in contrast to the known notion in the literature, our signature scheme does not incorporate any pairing operations. Nonetheless, our scheme is the shortest FSS scheme compared to all existing schemes in the literature that are based on the same assumption. The efficiency of our scheme is comparable to the best known FSS scheme, that is based on the discrete logarithm assumption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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194. Finite element parametric analysis of RC columns strengthened with FRCM.
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Kyaure, Muhammad and Abed, Farid
- Subjects
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FINITE element method , *MORTAR , *BEAM-column joints , *CONCRETE columns , *CEMENT composites , *FAILURE mode & effects analysis , *COMPRESSIVE strength - Abstract
Fiber reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM), a noncorrosive two-dimensional high strength fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) mesh saturated with inorganic cementitious mortar is evolving as a viable option for retrofitting damaged RC structures. While numerous studies investigated the potential of FRCM strengthening in shear and flexural applications, limited studies explored the confinement of short and slender columns, particularly using finite element (FE) analysis. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear finite element (FE) model is developed using ABAQUS to study the behavior of corrosion damaged RC columns retrofitted with poly-paraphenylene-ben-zobisoxazole (PBO) FRCM systems. Geometric and material nonlinearities in concrete, cement mortar and composite are incorporated in the FE model that is validated through axial capacity and failure mode comparisons against published literature. A comprehensive parametric study involving 180 models is conducted considering the effects of five parameters: (a) cross section type (square vs circular), (b) FRCM wraps (1, 2, 3 and 4 layers), (c) pre-damage level (mild, moderate and severe), (d) eccentricity ratio (0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5) and (e) column length (short and slender). Concrete compressive strength of 30 MPa and a longitudinal reinforcement ratio of 2% are adapted in all models. Results indicated that retrofitting corrosion damaged RC columns with PBO-FRCM effectively resorted and enhanced the original axial capacity and ductility of all column specimens and at all damage levels. A positive correlation between number of FRCM layers and axial capacity and ductility enhancement was observed and was more pronounced in circular columns. Increasing the number of FRCM layers also increased the axial capacity of eccentrically loaded columns irrespective of damage level and eccentricity ratio. Finally, comparison of axial capacity using ACI 549.4R-13 provisions against FE results disclosed that the code provisions underestimated the axial capacity of short RC columns retrofitted with PBO-FRCM by about 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
195. "BEAUTY AND THE BEAST".
- Author
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SHAH, ZOHREEN
- Abstract
JUJU CHANG (ABC NEWS) (Off-camera) It's known as the tale as old as time, perhaps a fairy tale that transcends time. In fact, 30 years have passed since Disney's animated classic hit the big screen. And now, "Beauty and the Beast" is back. This time it's live and on stage. ABC's Zohreen Shah has the backstage pass. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2022
196. Convulsive Status Epilepticus: Clinical Profile in a Developing Country.
- Author
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Murthy, Jagarlapudi M. K., Jayalaxmi, Sita S., and Kanikannan, Meena A.
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PEOPLE with epilepsy , *MEDICAL records , *EPILEPSY , *PATIENTS ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
In developing countries optimal care of status epilepticus (SE) is associated with major barriers, particularly transportation. A prospective study of SE was performed between 1994 and 1996 to determine the clinical profile, response to treatment and outcome, Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Of the 85 patients admitted, the mean age was 33 years (8–75 years), 16% <16 years of age. The mean duration of SE before admission was 18.02 h (1–72 h). Only 23 (28%) patients, all locals, presented within <3 h of onset. Etiology included acute symptomatic (54%), remote symptomatic (7%), cryptogenic (19%), and established epilepsy (20%). Central nervous system infections accounted for 24 (28%) of the etiologies. Seventy-five (88%) patients responded to first-line drugs and 10 (12%) required second-line drugs. The mean duration of SE was significantly long in nonresponders (Mean ± SD: 32.6 ± 20.11 vs. 15.2 ± 18.32, p < 0.006). Duration (p < 0.01; OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07) and acute symptomatic etiology (p < 0.038; OR 10.38, 95% CI 1.13–95.09) were the independent predictors of no-response to first-line drugs. Of the nine deaths (10.5%), eight were in acute symptomatic group. Predictors of mortality included female sex (p < 0.017, OR 13.41, 95% CI 1.59–115.38) and lack of response to first-line drugs (p < 0.0001, OR 230.27, 95% CI 8.78–6037.19). Longer duration was associated with poor GOS 1–4 (p = 0.001). Of the 37 patients with <6 h, 81% had GOC5 outcome. This study suggests that longer duration of SE and acute symptomatic etiology are independent predictors of lack of response to first-line drugs. Failure to respond to first-line drugs and duration predict the outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
197. The influence of transabdominal gastroplasty: early outcomes of hiatal hernia repair.
- Author
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Houghton, Scott G., Deschamps, Claude, Cassivi, Stephen D., Nichols, Francis C., Allen, Mark S., and Pairolero, Peter C.
- Subjects
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ESOPHAGUS , *FUNDOPLICATION , *HIATAL hernia , *DIAPHRAGMATIC hernia , *HERNIA , *ESOPHAGEAL surgery , *HERNIA surgery , *LAPAROSCOPY , *BARIATRIC surgery , *REOPERATION , *STOMACH surgery , *SURGICAL complications , *DISEASE relapse , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *RETROSPECTIVE studies - Abstract
Objective: The aim of our study was to review our experience with transabdominal gastroplasty to determine the safety and short-term efficacy of the procedure.Methods: Retrospective review of all patients that underwent transabdominal hiatal hernia repair with concurrent gastroplasty for shortened esophagus between October 1999 and May 2004.Results: There were 63 patients, 27 men and 36 women. Median age was 68 years. The hiatal hernia was classified as type-I in 6 patients, type-II in 10, type-III in 43, and type-IV in 4. The operative approach was laparoscopic in 44 patients and laparotomy in 19. A Nissen fundoplication was performed in 62 patients and a Toupet fundoplication in 1. Wedge gastroplasty was performed in 47 patients and modified Collis gastroplasty in 16. Median hospitalization was 3 days (range, 2-10). Intraoperative complications occurred in 11 patients (17%). One laparoscopic approach (2%) was converted to laparotomy. Postoperative complications occurred in 12 patients (19%), there were no operative deaths. Median follow-up was 12 months (range, 0 to 64). One patient (2%) was found to have a recurrent hiatal hernia diagnosed 14 months, postoperatively. Functional results were excellent in 41 (68%), good in 6 (10%), fair in 12 (20%), and poor in 1 (2%).Conclusion: Transabdominal gastroplasty can be performed safely, with good functional results and a low incidence of recurrent herniation during the short-term follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
198. Fabrication of short C fiber-reinforced SiC composites by spark plasma sintering
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Ding, Yusheng, Dong, Shaoming, Huang, Zhengren, and Jiang, Dongliang
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CARBON fibers , *SINTERING , *RESIDUAL stresses , *CERAMICS , *THERMAL expansion - Abstract
Abstract: Short carbon fiber reinforced SiC matrix composites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering. Density and mechanical properties of the composites increased continuously at increasing sintering temperature and constant pressure. Cracks in the composite matrix resulted from high thermal residual stresses generated during the cooling process from the sintering temperature due to the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between fiber and matrix. The properties of the composites were lower than those of monolithic SiC ceramics obtained with the same processing technique as the composites. Fibers provided noncatastrophic fracture behavior of the composites as evidenced by the stress-displacement curves and fracture surface of the composites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
199. Sectoral sampling in centric-scan SPRITE magnetic resonance imaging
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Khrapitchev, Alexandre A., Newling, Benedict, and Balcom, Bruce J.
- Subjects
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MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *SPACE trajectories , *OPTICAL resolution , *IMAGE quality analysis - Abstract
Abstract: A new approach to the construction of k-space trajectories for centric-scan SPRITE in both 2D and 3D is presented. All benefits of previous SPRITE methods are retained, most importantly the ability to image objects with short . This new approach gives more flexibility in the choice of number of interleaves with points more evenly distributed across k-space. All these improvements positively contribute to image quality and resolution, which can be also traded off against experimental speed. Sectoral sampling will have significant benefits for magnetisation preparation contrast imaging. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
200. Phantom materials for single point imaging pulse sequences
- Author
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MacMillan, Bryce, Burke, Ben, Balcom, Bruce, and Ziegler, Greg
- Subjects
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SUCROSE , *MEDICAL imaging systems , *SUGAR , *COLLOIDS - Abstract
Abstract: The popularity of pure phase encode MRI techniques, including single point imaging (SPI), is steadily increasing, particularly in instances where the samples of interest are solid-like, or for other reasons possess short effective transverse relaxation times, . As the interest in these techniques grows, so too does the need for a phantom material which is representative of this class of samples. The characteristics of such a phantom should include chemical and physical stability, straightforward preparation, high signal to noise ratio and relaxation times which are both easily manipulated and representative. To this end, we have developed a gelatin/sucrose-based gel which addresses the above criteria and behaves as a very flexible short phantom. An order of magnitude variation in T 1 and T 2 can be achieved over a reasonable range of sucrose concentration. Even larger changes can be achieved with the addition of further doping agents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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