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Developments in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) and cell-free fetal DNA analysis raise the possibility that antenatal services may soon be able to support couples in non-invasively testing for, and diagnosing, an unprecedented range of genetic disorders and traits coded within their unborn child’s genome. Inevitably, this has prompted debate within the bioethics literature about what screening options should be offered to couples for the purpose of reproductive choice. In relation to this problem, the European Society of Human Genetics (ESHG) and American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) tentatively recommend that any expansion of this type of screening, as facilitated by NIPT, should be limited to serious congenital and childhood disorders. In support of this recommendation, the ESHG and ASHG cite considerations of distribution justice. Notably, however, an account of justice in the organization and provision of this type of screening which might substantiate this recommendation has yet to be developed. This paper attempts to redress this oversight through an investigation of Norman Daniels’ theory of Just health: meeting health needs fairly. In line with this aim, the paper examines what special moral importance (for Just health) screening for the purpose of reproductive choice might have where concerning serious congenital and childhood disorders in particular. The paper concludes that screening for reproductive choice where concerning serious congenital and childhood disorders may be important for providing women with fair opportunity to protect their health (by either having or not having an affected child).

By means of qualitative longitudinal material, this article explores meaningfulness during persistent monetary poverty through an integrative framework, which builds upon conceptualisations of meaning in life (coherence, significance, and purpose) and modes of being (labour, work, action). The material consists of 36 autobiographical accounts and their follow-up accounts from 2006 and 2012. The analysis reveals that in the developed welfare state of Finland, prolonged monetary poverty is connected with the propensity for incoherence and a feeling of insignificance, particularly if life is governed by a vicious cycle of scarcity. Prolonged poverty 1) turns aspirations from long-term to short-term goals and frames life as something characterised by negative anticipation and a circular sense of time. Life primarily takes place in private space. It also 2) weakens the sense of belonging and 3) reduces public participation. These are the domains where the meaning in life is constructed, deconstructed, and reconstructed. In a developed welfare state, the comprehensive and manageable social security scheme maintains coherence, yet universal social policy actions that enable participation in public activities nourish a sense of significance.

Svaka osoba ima drukčiji pogled na to što je sretan život. Dijagnosticirana bolest, bila ona ozbiljna ili manje ozbiljna, ostavlja psihičke rane i tragove na oboljeloj osobi i njezinom obiteljskom okruženju. Dojka ili mliječna žlijezda najveća je kožna žlijezda. Modificirana žlijezda kod žena razvija se u funkcionalni organ, a kod muškaraca ostaje rudimentirana. Dojke su vrlo osjetljive na hormonalne utjecaje i sklone su patološkim promjenama. Rak dojke najčešći je karcinom kod žena. Srećom, povisuje se stopa preživljavanja žena oboljelih od raka dojke, što se može pripisati brzoj dijagnostici i novim saznanjima unutar medicine. Prepoznatljivi znakovi raka dojke jesu kvržica u dojci, promjena oblika dojke, udubljenje kože, sukrvavi iscjedak, novookrenuta bradavica i crvena ili ljuskasta mrlja na koži. Rizični čimbenici kojima se povećava mogućnost razvoja raka dojke jesu: pretilost, nedostatak tjelesne aktivnosti, alkoholizam, hormonska nadomjesna terapija tijekom menopauze, ionizirajuće zračenje, rana dob pri prvoj menstruaciji, rađanje djece u kasnijoj dobi, nerađanje, starija dob, prijašnja povijest slučaja raka dojke i obiteljska povijest raka dojke. Promjene nastale operativnim zahvatom, primjenom kemoterapije i hormonske terapije uključuju: povećani rizik od kardiovaskularnih ishoda i plućne toksičnosti, promijenjenu mišićno-koštanu strukturu ramena, ruku i trupa, smanjenu gustoću kostiju, sveukupno dekondicioniranje, motorne i senzorne neuropatije, povećanje tjelesne težine i imunološku supresiju. Liječenje raka dojke izaziva različite nuspojave, od kojih mnoge mijenjaju fizički izgled oboljele žene. Promjene u izgledu mogu biti značajan izvor tegoba i tjelesnog nezadovoljstva žena oboljelih od raka dojke, osobito zato što su izvan njihove kontrole. Each person has a different view of what a happy life looks like. Diagnosed illness, be it serious or less serious, leaves psychological wounds and traces on the newly ill person and his family environment. The breast or mammary gland is the largest skin gland. The modified gland in women develops into a functional organ, and in men it remains rudimentary. Breasts are very sensitive to hormonal influences and are prone to pathological changes. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Fortunately, the survival rate of women with breast cancer is increasing, which can be attributed to rapid diagnosis and new findings within medicine. Recognizable signs of breast cancer are a lump in the breast, a change in the shape of the breast, a sunken skin, a bloody discharge, a newly turned nipple, and a red or scaly patch of skin. Risk factors for developing breast cancer are: obesity, lack of exercise, alcoholism, hormone replacement therapy during menopause, ionizing radiation, early age at first menstruation, giving birth to children when being older, old age, previous case of breast cancer and family history of breast cancer. Changes caused by surgery, chemotherapy and hormone therapy include: increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes and pulmonary toxicity, altered musculoskeletal structure of the shoulders, arms and torso, decreased bone density, overall deconditioning, motor and sensory neuropathy and weight gain. Breast cancer treatment causes various side effects, many of which alter physical appearance. Changes in appearance can be a significant source of discomfort and physical dissatisfaction for women with breast cancer, especially because they are out of their control.

Domestic violence (DV) victims face significant barriers to accessing healthcare. This is particularly concerning in cases of brain injury (BI), which is difficult to diagnose and risks severe long-term consequences for DV victims. Police may be able to identify head injury (HI) and signpost victims to healthcare. This research investigated potential barriers to police supporting victim health needs by exploring police attitudes towards DV and considering how police interpret and respond to stories of HI in DV victims. Individual interviews were conducted with 12 police officers from forces in South and Central England. This included the use of a clinical vignette. Thematic analysis highlighted three global themes: ‘seesaw of emotions’, ‘police vulnerability’, and ‘head injury is fearful’. Police officers’ vulnerability to external blame was the predominant influence in their responses to HI.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health and widespread problem, and perpetrator programmes are in a unique position to work towards the end of gender-based violence. However, in order to promote safe perpetrator work, it is crucial to focus on the impact of IPV on the victims and survivors. In this context, little research has triangulated data by including both, victim’s perspectives on the impact that IPV has on them and also men’s level of awareness of the impact of their violent behaviour. In this paper, results from the “Impact Outcome Monitoring Toolkit (Impact Toolkit)” from one perpetrator treatment programme in the UK are presented. Participants were 98 in total, 49 men that were following treatment in a perpetrator program and their (ex-) partners. The differences in their perceptions of the IPV, but also on the impact of this abusive behavior on the victims, is described. Finally, recommendations for research and practice are discussed.

The study aimed to identify the psychological changes that result from the amputation of a limb and the ways in which patients coordinate their daily lives. The study uses an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) aimed at understanding individual experiences in seven patients who have suffered limb amputation. The method used consisted of individual, semi-structured interviews, conducted approximately 4 months after surgery, to patients at home or in hospital, at the time of their regular checkup. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and, following the qualitative analysis performed, six common themes were identified: emotional impact, negative affects, tendency toward isolation, role constraints and limitations, phantom limb, and emotional balancing. A specific theme for patients who have suffered amputations is phantom limb pain, which has received special attention from researchers. The last topic relates to the tendency toward emotional balancing and psychological calibration to return to normal life.

The alarming levels of spread and severity of COVID-19 have dominated global attention. In this time of crisis, there is an urgent need for studies identifying the linkages between the pandemic and social welfare. To help policymakers respond to the situation better, we investigate how the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic can condition people's psychological well-being. Employing the latest weekly panel data within an individual fixed effects framework, we uncover the damaging consequences of the COVID-19 severity, as measured by mortality rate, on the incidences of daily anxiety, worry, displeasure, and depression in the United States. Our work underlines the importance of public spending on mental health, both during and after the pandemic.

Later-life loneliness is increasingly recognized as an important public health issue. In this study, we examine whether having more children and grandchildren is protective against later life loneliness in a group of Eastern and Western European countries. Drawing on data from the Generation and Gender Surveys, we estimated logistic regression models of the likelihood of being lonely among men and women aged 65 and older. The results showed a negative association between number of children and loneliness among men and women in both Eastern-European and Western-European countries. A mediation analysis performed using the KHB decomposition method showed that grandparenthood status partly explained differences in the loneliness risks of childless women, mothers with one child and those with two or more children. Among men, the mediating role of grandparenthood was significant in Eastern Europe and marginally significant in Western countries. Given the relatively strong reliance of older people on the family in Eastern Europe, we expected that the protective effects of offspring on loneliness would be stronger in Eastern-European countries than in Western-European countries. This hypothesis was supported only in part by our results. The protective effect of having four or more children was larger in the East than in the West. Overall, our findings indicate that having close family members, including more children and at least one grandchild, has a protective effect against later-life loneliness in both country clusters considered. Zusammenfassung Einsamkeit im Alter wird zunehmend als ein wichtiges Thema der öffentlichen Gesundheit anerkannt. In dieser Studie untersuchen wir anhand einer Gruppe von ost- und westeuropäischen Ländern, ob das Vorhandensein von mehr Kindern und Enkelkindern vor Einsamkeit im späteren Leben schützt. Anhand von Daten aus dem Generation and Gender Survey schätzen wir logistische Regressionsmodelle zur Wahrscheinlichkeit von Einsamkeit bei Männern und Frauen ab 65 Jahren. Sowohl in ost- als auch in westeuropäischen Ländern zeigen die Ergebnisse einen negativen Zusammenhang zwischen der Anzahl der Kinder und der Einsamkeit von Männern und Frauen. Eine Mediatoranalyse nach der KHB-Methode ergibt, dass der Status der Großelternschaft teilweise Unterschiede in den Einsamkeitsrisiken von kinderlosen Frauen, Müttern mit einem Kind und solchen mit zwei oder mehr Kindern erklärt. Bei den Männern ist die mediierende Rolle der Großelternschaft in Osteuropa signifikant und in den westlichen Ländern marginal signifikant. Angesichts des relativ großen Vertrauens älterer Menschen in die Familie in Osteuropa erwarten wir, dass Protektionseffekte von Nachkommen auf die Einsamkeit in den osteuropäischen Ländern stärker ist als in den westeuropäischen Ländern. Diese Hypothese wird nur teilweise durch unsere Ergebnisse bestätigt. Der Protektionseffekt von vier oder mehr Kindern ist im Osten größer als im Westen. Insgesamt deuten unsere Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass enge Familienmitglieder, darunter mehrere Kinder und mindestens ein Enkelkind, eine protektive Wirkung hinsichtlich Einsamkeit im Alter in beiden untersuchten Ländergruppen haben., JFR - Journal of Family Research, Vol 31 No 2 (2019): Families, health, and well-being

Background: Breast cancer is known as one of the most common cancers among women and has severe psychological effects. This study aimed to identify the psychological consequences of breast cancer in previous studies based on meta-analysis. Methods: Meta-analytic procedures were conducted by Prisma guidelines. A literature search was conducted by using following electronic databases including scientific information databases (SID), Magiran, Medlib, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and Medline from 1991 through 2017 regarding the psychological consequences associated with breast cancer in Iran. The content of all articles was evaluated by the Prisma checklist and analyzed meta-analysis in CMA software. Results: The final synthesis was carried out on 56 quantitative studies. Considering the findings of meta-analysis of the psychological consequences of patients with breast cancer in seven classes, anxiety (ES=-0.76), body image (ES=0.199), coping strategies (ES= 0.214), depression (ES=-0.700), fatigue (ES=0.322), quality of life (ES= 0.428), and sexual function (ES=0.355) were achieved. Conclusion: Based on the results of the high level of psychological consequences of breast cancer in women with breast cancer, it is necessary to formulate appropriate therapeutic protocols in order to adjust the psychological consequences.

El presente trabajo de grado tuvo como objetivo comprender las consecuencias psicológicas que surgen a partir de la presentación de la violencia física y psicológica hacia los hombres en la relación de pareja heterosexual, esto dentro de la línea de investigación psicología, contextos cotidianos y transformaciones sociales de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Los criterios de inclusión fueron dos hombres entre 18 y 25 años que hayan manifestado ser víctimas de violencia en la relación de noviazgo. Esta investigación se planteó desde el enfoque cualitativo, basado en un análisis categorial previamente diseñado y empleando como instrumento cuatro entrevistas semiestructuradas y un escenario conversacional: lo primero con el fin de conocer los significados construidos de la violencia a lo largo de la historia de vida de cada uno de los participantes y la recolección de datos, con esta última se realizó un análisis interpretativo dentro de la matriz de análisis categorial, que permitió comprender las consecuencias psicológicas que surgen al ser víctima de violencia en la relación de pareja. Una vez realizado este proceso, se llevó a cabo el escenario conversacional, en el cual se compartieron los datos interpretativos con los participantes, con el objetivo de contribuir a una resignificación, por medio de una co-construcción. ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ This thesis aimed to understand the psychological consequences that arise from the presentation of physical and psychological violence towards men in the heterosexual couple relationship, this within the line of research psychology, daily contexts and social transformations of the Faculty of Psychology of the Santo Tomás University. The inclusion criteria were two men between the ages of 18 and 25 who reported being victims of engagement violence. This research was proposed from a qualitative approach, based on a previously designed categorical analysis and using as an instrument four semi-structured interviews and a conversational scenario: the first item, in order to know the constructed meanings of violence throughout the life history of each one of the participants and the data collection, with the latter an interpretive analysis was carried out within the categorical analysis matrix, which allowed us to understand the psychological consequences that arise when being a victim of violence in the couple relationship. Once this process was carried out, the conversational scenario was carried out, in which the interpretive data was shared with the participants, with the aim of contributing to a resignification, through co-construction. Psicólogo Pregrado

The bullying phenomenon is both an uncomfortable reality and a serious social problem for educational community institutions. Its presence is incompatible with a healthy and sustainable education environment. The educational, psychological, and social consequences of bullying transcend the personal sphere and reach the family and work environment in adulthood. Traditionally, bullying has been studied in the compulsory educational stages. However, at present, this problem is also being addressed in higher education. The present research, which is of a transversal nature, aims to explore bullying in the Spanish university setting, along with its typology, scope, and predictive factors, from both socio-demographic and family perspectives. In this sense, we set ourselves the following objectives: (GO1) to see if university students are exposed to bullying, as well as to identify the profiles of the subjects of bullying from three dimensions (physical, relational, and verbal victimization) and (GO2) to determine whether there are trajectories of bullying in university students from the compulsory education stage to the present. Based on a descriptive quantitative methodology, this study was conducted in 10 Spanish universities. The research’s major results show that the persistence of bullying in university classrooms is of a relational and verbal nature, but is not physical. Victimization occurs mainly in women who carry out studies linked to social and legal sciences or art and the humanities. Additionally, it is observed that a spiral of relational violence is produced, perpetuating this type of aggression over time. Among other predictive factors in university students is that they have suffered relational violence during their compulsory education. These data should alert educational and health institutions about the persistence of bullying in university students to prevent it and to facilitate its early detection and treatment to eradicate this problem from higher education classrooms.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced a large number of people into telework. The change of working conditions was not done with the help of specialists or with the support from employers, resulting in improvisations that had negative consequences for employee health. The survey conducted by the Bureau of Social Research at the end of 2020 measured the impact of work from home on various health problems and body organs. The results clearly show a deterioration of the bones, muscles and joints, the mental system, the stomach, the eyes and the heart for an important segment of the employees. The most vulnerable people were those aged 40-60, PhD graduates, domiciled in medium and small cities, employed by the state in areas that had the greatest difficulties in adapting to digitization and working on online platforms: culture, education, public administration. As experts say that working from home will continue in the coming years even after the pandemic disappears, the deterioration of employees' health will intensify.

Understanding how people react to the COVID-19 crisis, and what the consequences are of the COVID-19 pandemic is key to enable public health and other agencies to develop optimal intervention strategies. Because the timely identification of new cases of infection has proven to be the key to timely respond to the spread of infection within a particular region, we have developed a method that can detect and predict the emergence of new cases of COVID-19 at an early stage. Further, this method can give useful insights into a family’s life during the pandemic and give the prediction of birth rates. The basic methodological concept of our approach is to monitor the digital trace of language searches with the Google Trends analytical tool (GT). We divided the keyword frequency for selected words giving us a search frequency index and then compared searches with official statistics to prove the significations of results. 1) Google Trends tools are suitable for predicting the emergence of new COVID-19 cases in Croatia. The data collected by this method correlate with official data. In Croatia search activities using GT for terms such as “PCR +COVID”, and symptoms “cough + corona”, “pneumonia + corona”; “muscle pain + corona” correlate strongly with officially reported cases of the disease. 2) The method also shows effects on family life, increase in stress, and domestic violence. 3) Birth rate in 2021 will be just 87% of what it would be “a normal year” in Croatia. 4) This tool can give useful insights into domestic violence. Unquestionably, there are still significant open methodological issues and the questionable integrity of the data obtained using this source. The fact is also a problem that GT does not provide data on which population was sampled or how it was structured. Although these open-ended issues pose serious challenges for making clear estimates, statistics offer a range of tools available to deal with imperfect data as well as to develop controls that take data quality into account. All these insights show that GT has the potential to capture attitudes in the broad spectrum of family life themes. The benefit of this method is reliable estimates that can enable public health officials to prepare and better respond to the possible return of a pandemic in certain parts of the country and the need for responses to protect family well-being. Keywords: Google trends, COVID-19, birth rates, domestic violence, Croatia, predicting demographic trends, family

Trabajo fin de máster. Defendido en julio de 2021. La violencia de género es un problema social y de salud pública a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este estudio de revisión sistemática se ha centrado en establecer una relación entre dicha violencia y consecuencias psicológicas. Para ello, se han analizado las alteraciones a nivel psicológico más frecuentes en víctimas de maltrato (depresión, ansiedad, estrés postraumático y baja autoestima) y se han buscado otras consecuencias psicológicas frecuentes. Tras el análisis de los artículos y publicaciones científicas seleccionadas para el estudio se concluye que la violencia de género influye significativamente en la aparición de psicopatologías, siendo la más frecuente el estrés postraumático y pudiendo padecer sintomatología de varias psicopatologías a la vez, las cuales no desaparecen ni aun finalizado el maltrato. Abstract: Gender-based violence is a social and public health problem worldwide. The objective of this systematic review study has focused on establishing a relationship between said violence and psychological consequences. To this end, the most frequent psychological alterations in victims of abuse (depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress and low self-esteem) have been analyzed and other frequent psychological consequences have been sought. After the analysis of the articles and scientific publications selected for the study, it is concluded that gender violence has a significant influence on the appearance of psychopathologies, the most frequent being post-traumatic stress and being able to suffer symptoms of several psychopathologies at the same time, which do not disappear not even finished the abuse. Ordenador con navegador de Internet ; Adobe Acrobat Reader 36 p. (Según el contador de la aplicación)

The objective of this work was to carry out a bibliographic review of the impact of domestic violence on mental health at the international and national level. The tracking process was carried out from scientific documents that started from a review, selection, analysis and presentation of results; such as University USB, GOOGLE ACADEMIC, EBSCO, PSICODOC Y PsycINFO and certain inclusion and exclusion criteria; where 38 articles met these criteria. In which it was identified that VIF is a serious public health problem affecting the quality of life, the spheres of functioning and the mental health of a person; the population most affected at a general level are boys, girls, women and adolescents. A legal tracing is also carried out in order to publicize the different governmental and legal aspects that protect people who have been victims of domestic violence. It is concluded that VIF is a complex phenomenon that is increasing, being necessary to act quickly in this situation to prevent the consequences that occur in mental health and mitigate domestic violence through the identification of risk factors; in this way, to promote a more timely and priority attention in the area of health, also favoring the understanding of the legal and investigative framework El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica del impacto de la violencia intrafamiliar en la salud mental a nivel internacional y nacional. El proceso de rastreo se realizó a partir de documentos científicos que partieran de una revisión, selección, análisis y presentación de resultados; tales como Universidad USB, GOOGLE ACADEMICO, EBSCO, PSICODOC Y PsycINFO y determinados criterios de inclusión y exclusión; donde 38 artículos cumplieron dichos criterios. En los cuales se identificó que la VIF es un grave problema de la salud pública afectando la calidad de vida, las esferas del funcionamiento y la salud mental de una persona; la población más afectada a nivel general son los niños, niñas, mujeres y adolescentes. También se realiza un rastreo a nivel jurídico con el fin de dar a conocer los diferentes aspectos gubernamentales y jurídicos, que protegen a las personas que han sido víctimas de la violencia intrafamiliar. Se concluye que la VIF es un fenómeno complejo que va en aumento, siendo necesario actuar de manera rápida frente a esta situación para prevenir las consecuencias que se presentan en la salud mental y mitigar la violencia intrafamiliar a través de la identificación de factores de riesgos; de esta manera, propiciar una atención más oportuna y prioritaria en el área de salud, favoreciendo igualmente la comprensión del marco jurídico e investigativo.

The Coronavirus pandemics, or the Covid-19, came as an unwelcomed guest who did not want to leave, where people until today do not know for sure all the ways it affects people's health and overall being. The year 2020 will be remembered as the one in which life almost stopped. A year full of losses that continue, from losing people dear to us, to losing jobs, opportunities, and freedom in almost every sense. This paper covers the consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak that it had on people, focusing on the job loss and unemployment, the healthcare opportunities and availabilities, the gender discrimination in the process of losing jobs, and the most importantly the psychological consequences people suffered from, due to isolation, inability to work and to provide.

Background Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing. Methods The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to %during% and %before% home confinement. Results Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and %% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing %during% compared to %before% home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms %during% compared to %before% home confinement. Conclusion The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is having a huge impact on clinical activity of all hospitals, including the ones involved in training of residents. In addition, neurology residents underwent substantial modifications of their training program. Aim of our investigation was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the educational activities of Italian neurology residents through an online questionnaire delivered to neurology residents. The results obtained showed that almost 30% of the respondents were redistributed to COVID-19 units. Neurology departments underwent substantial modifications of their organization influencing clinical educational activities; lessons and seminars were rescheduled online and research protocols were stopped and transferred to remote working, when feasible. There was a relevant use of telemedicine approach even if most of the respondents had never been trained before. Some of the changes had a North-South gradient, following the epidemiology of the pandemic. The data obtained from our survey highlight those points to address to be prepared for possible future emergencies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10072-020-04991-5.

School closure and home confinement are two of the measures of lockdown chosen by governments and policymakers all over the world to prevent and limit the spread of the infection of COVID-19. There is still an open debate about the real effect of school closure on the reduction of risk of infection on children and the risk of infection on with other age groups (parents, grandparents and others). There is an agreement on the effect of school closure in reducing and delaying the peak of the outbreak. In this Editorial, starting from the ongoing Italian experience, we discuss direct and indirect effects of school closure on children’s psychological health and learning. We also highlight the need for an “on peace time” planning of measures and strategies necessary to face the direct and indirect effect of this outbreak and other outbreaks, on children’s psychological health.

In this article, we explore the experiences of survivors of human trafficking and sexual exploitation in Cambodia as they transition from living in trafficking-specific shelter facilities to living in the community. We analyzed data from Chab Dai's Butterfly Longitudinal Research (BLR) project, a 10-year longitudinal study with survivors of human trafficking and sexual exploitation in Cambodia utilizing a prospective panel design. We present findings from our analysis of 236 interviews and narrative summaries of interviews conducted with survivors between the years 2011 and 2016 (n=79). An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to understand survivors' experiences during this transition. Themes included: conflicted feelings about life in the community; difficulties completing school and securing employment; violence in the community; limited follow-up; unfulfilled expectations; feeling loved like a family member in the shelter, but abandoned in the community; vulnerability in the community due to dramatic differences between shelters and the community; and varied experiences with case closure. We underscore the importance of understanding and listening to the voices of survivors about their experiences in the anti-human trafficking sector and discuss implications for the design and implementation of services for survivors of human trafficking and sexual exploitation in Southeast Asia., Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, Vol 21, No 1 (2020): Qualitative Content Analysis II