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Risk stratification; Acute myeloid leukemia Estratificació del risc; Leucèmia mieloide aguda Estratificación de riesgo; Leucemia mieloide aguda The 2017 European LeukemiaNet (ELN 2017) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have become fundamental guidelines to assess the prognosis and postremission therapy of patients. However, they have been retrospectively validated in few studies with patients included in different treatment protocols. We analyzed 861 patients included in the Cooperativo Para el Estudio y Tratamiento de las Leucemias Agudas y Mielodisplasias-12 risk-adapted protocol, which indicates cytarabine-based consolidation for patients allocated to the ELN 2017 favorable-risk group, whereas it recommends allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) as a postremission strategy for the ELN 2017 intermediate- and adverse-risk groups. We retrospectively classified patients according to the ELN 2017, with 327 (48%), 109 (16%), and 245 (36%) patients allocated to the favorable-, intermediate-, and adverse-risk group, respectively. The 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 77% and 70% for favorable-risk patients, 52% and 46% for intermediate-risk patients, and 33% and 23% for adverse-risk patients, respectively. Furthermore, we identified a subgroup of patients within the adverse group (inv(3)/t(3;3), complex karyotype, and/or TP53 mutation/17p abnormality) with a particularly poor outcome, with a 2-year OS of 15%. Our study validates the ELN 2017 risk stratification in a large cohort of patients treated with an ELN-2017 risk-adapted protocol based on alloSCT after remission for nonfavorable ELN subgroups and identifies a genetic subset with a very poor outcome that warrants investigation of novel strategies. This study was supported (in part) by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) grants PI16/01027, PI19/1476, and PI20/01621; Health Research and Innovation Strategic Plan (PERIS) grant SLT002/16/00433 and research group support SGR 1395 and SGR 1655 from Generalitat de Catalunya; resident award “Emili Letang” 2019 (Hospital Clínic de Barcelona); and “Beca de Investigación FEHH 2019” (Fundación Española de Hematologia y Hemoterapia).

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica O presente estudo analisa os resultados da investigação que tem vindo a ser feita na área da prevenção nas escolas do abuso sexual de crianças nos últimos cinco anos. O objetivo é realizar uma análise crítica sobre o tema, onde se procura analisar as avaliações de programas de prevenção de forma a comprovar se estes são eficazes para melhorar os comportamentos e o conhecimento dos alunos sobre a prevenção do abuso sexual. A prevenção do abuso sexual de crianças é uma forma bastante relevante para tentar resolver o problema global que é o abuso sexual. A estratégia de prevenção primária mais utilizada a nível mundial tem sido a de programas de prevenção nas escolas onde se educam as crianças, professores e auxiliares sobre o tema, de maneira a que as crianças se consigam defender da melhor maneira possível e se apercebam do que estão a ser vítimas. Embora os programas tenham começado nas escolas a partir de 1980, a sua eficácia requer um estudo e investigação contínuos. This study analyzes the results of the research that has been done in the area of prevention of child sexual abuse in schools in the last five years. The objective is to perform a critical analysis on the subject, which seeks to analyze the evaluations of prevention programs in order to prove if they are effective in improving the behavior and knowledge of students about the prevention of sexual abuse. The prevention of child sexual abuse is a really relevant way to try to solve the global problem that is child sexual abuse. The primary strategy that has been more used in a worldwide level is the prevention programs on schools where children, teachers and assistants are educated on the subject, so that children can be able to defend themselves in the best possible way and realize when they are being victims. Although programs started in schools in 1980, their effectiveness requires continuous study and research. Key-words

Background: Despite the importance of sports injury prevention in youth, no broad scale approaches that work in real-life situations with significant positive effects exist. Main reasons for this are poor uptake and maintenance of current sports injury prevention exercises. Objective: In order to improve uptake of sports injury prevention routines, this project set out to: 1. identify the specifics of current injury prevention programs within 6 European countries, and 2: to establish wishes and needs regarding injury prevention of the end-users (sport coaches, physical educators and youth) within 6 European countries. Design: Semi-structured interviews and focus group sessions. Setting: Youth sports teams and physical education (PE) classes. Patients (or Participants): Interviews and focus group sessions were performed within 6 participating countries (Belgium, Denmark, Lithuania, Romania, The Netherlands, United Kingdom). National stakeholders were interviewed to identify injury prevention programs. The program owners of the identified programs were then individually interviewed. The focus group sessions were organized with youth basketball and soccer players and PE pupils. Separate focus group sessions were organized for basketball/soccer coaches and physical educators. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors): This qualitative study provided input for the development of a freely available ICT based platform with video material of routines designed to prevent sports injuries in youth. Main Outcome Measurements: Overview of country specific results of interviews and focus groups. Results: This study will describe the current availability of national injury prevention programs within 6 European countries. The results of the focus group sessions will establish the differences in beliefs regarding injury prevention in 6 European countries regarding injury prevention. Conclusions: In the coming year, the Move Healthy project will use the qualitative results of this study to develop a freely available ICT based platform with video material of routines developed to prevent sports injuries in youth.

Preventivni programi u osnovnoj školi su integrirani dio odgojno-obrazovnog procesa koji se bave prevencijom nepoželjnih oblika ponašanja. Uspješni preventivni programi usmjereni su na partnerstvo između zajednica i institucija/stručnjaka koji osmišljavaju preventivne programe i na interakcije između institucija, obitelji, škole i drugih. Osnovni cilj preventivnih programa je odgojni utjecaj na ponašanje djece i mladih kako bi se oni oblikovali u osobu koju okolina smatra društveno prihvatljivom. Preventivni programi u osnovnoj školi s naglaskom na emocionalnoj pismenosti imaju za cilj djecu i mlade osposobiti da mogu razumjeti, identificirati i odgovoriti na svoju emociju, kao i emociju drugih na prikladan i zdrav način te da se mogu nositi sa situacijama prije no što se one pretvore u dugotrajne probleme. Istraživanje koje se provelo za potrebu ovog diplomskog rada usmjerilo se na procjenu razine emocionalne pismenosti učenika osnovnoškolske dobi (učenika predmetne nastave) te procjenu od strane njihovih roditelja (N učenika = 73, N roditelja = 73). Nastojalo se utvrditi i na koji je način razina emocionalne pismenosti povezana sa „sociodemografskim osobinama učenika i osobinama njihovih roditelja, obitelji, roditeljskom procjenom emocionalne kompetentnosti djece, emocionalnim opismenjavanjem te osobinama ličnosti učenika“. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da su učenici predmetne nastave uglavnom emocionalno pismeni te da učenici i roditelji smatraju da je emocionalna pismenost „stvar“ obitelji i škole. Pokazala se povezanost između učeničkih „Sposobnosti uočavanja, razumijevanja, izražavanja, imenovanja, regulacije i upravljanja emocija“ s osobinama Otvorenosti, Savjesnosti, Ekstraverzijom i Ugodnosti te povezanost „Sposobnosti uočavanja i razumijevanja emocija“ s osobinom Neuroticizma. Također, rezultati pokazuju da su sve osobine emocionalne kompetentnosti pozitivno povezane s ispitanim osobinama ličnosti (prema modelu Velikih pet). Također, „Roditeljske percepcije, razumijevanja i izražavanja vlastitih i tuđih emocija“ djece povezane su s bračnim statusom, a „Sposobnosti regulacije i upravljanja emocija“ kod djece povezane su s brojem djece u obitelji. Nadalje, „Sposobnosti uočavanja, razumijevanja, izražavanja i imenovanja emocija“ djece povezane su s prosjekom školskih ocjena i dobi oca; „Sposobnosti regulacije i upravljanja emocija“ kod djece povezana je s prosjekom školskih ocjena. Prevention programs in primary school are an integrated part of the educational process that deals with the prevention of undesirable behaviour. Successful prevention programs are focused on partnership between communities and institutions/experts who devise those programs, and on interactions between institutions, families, schools, and others. The main goal of these programs is the educational influence on the behaviour of children and young people to shape them into people who the community considers socially acceptable. Prevention programs in primary school with emphasis on emotional literacy aim to enable children and young people to understand, identify and respond to their emotions and emotions of others in a healthy and appropriate way, and to deal with situations before they escalate into long-term problems. Much research is focused on acquiring emotional literacy, and research within this master's thesis is focused on assessing the level of emotional literacy of middle school students and assessments by their parents (N students = 73, N parents = 73). Efforts were made to determine how is the level of emotional literacy related to „sociodemographic characteristics of students and characteristics of their parents, families, parental assessment of children's emotional competence, emotional literacy and personality traits of students “. Research showed that students are mostly emotional literate and both students and parents think that emotional literacy is important to learn both at home in their families and at school. Research also showed connection between students' “Ability to perceive, understand, express, name, regulate and manage emotion” with traits of Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Pleasure, as well as trait of Neuroticism. Also, it was showed that all traits of emotional competence are positively related to examined personality traits (according to Big Five model). “Parental perceptions, understanding and expression of their children's and other children's emotions” are related to marital status, and “Ability to regulate and manage emotions in children” is related to number of children in the family and school grade average. Also, “Ability to perceive, understand, express and name emotions in children” is related to the school grade average and father's age.

Few studies so far have analysed the potential role of mentoring in decreasing hyperactivity and inattention problems. The aim of the current study is to investigate the impact of the Italian Mentor-UP mentoring program on hyperactivity and inattention problems in a non-clinical sample of mentees. “Mentor-UP” is a weekly school- and community-based mentoring program implemented in northern Italy over a period of 8 months. The sample included 468 students, 65 from the experimental group (mentees) and 403 as comparison group. Participants’ age ranged between 8 and 14 years (M = 11.31, SD = 1.40), 46% were females and 20% were non-Italian youths. Students reported their levels of hyperactivity and inattention problems at the beginning and at the end of the program. A significant interaction between time and group revealed a significant effect of the program on hyperactivity and inattention problems (B = −0.10, t (450) = −2.00, p = 0.04), which decreased in mentees (Cohen’s d = −0.21) but not in the comparison group. Results supported the effectiveness of Mentor-UP in decreasing youths’ hyperactivity and inattention. This might be due to the structural characteristics of the mentoring relationships established in the context of Mentor-UP.

Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) has demonstrated its efficacy treating severe couple conflict. Nevertheless, its capacity to prevent such conflicts before they appear has not been analyzed. The following empirical study examines the effectiveness of a conflict prevention program based on IBCT’s main therapeutic strategies (empathic joining, unified detachment). A sample of 12 individuals (six couples) from the Community of Madrid completed the DAS (Spanier, 1976, Martín-Lanas et al., 2017), IBCTQ (Barraca et al., 2017), and ASPA-A (Carrasco, 1996) pre-treatment, posttreatment, and at a three-year follow up. Three of these couples were randomly assigned to the experimental group, in which they received five, 120-minute sessions of an IBCT-based conflict prevention program. The three remaining couples were assigned to a control group and received no treatment. Results indicated that the experimental couples grew in their acceptance of differences and significantly improved their level of empathic joining and unified detachment, they also manifested greater satisfaction in their total DAS score. At the three-year follow up, neither group showed significant changes with regard to their posttreatment scores. Although the data are based on a small number of couples and should be replicated, the results suggest that a program based on IBCT strategies can help prevent couple conflict up to three years after its application.

Cataloged from PDF version of article. Thesis (Master's): Bilkent University, The Program Of Curriculum And Instruction, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2021. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-80). The researcher used aspects of instructional design in this study to develop and evaluate an eight-week curriculum designed to help improve social-emotional learning (SEL) skills of Syrian refugee students in Turkey. In this aspect, the researcher incorporated a technique called Expressive Arts therapy (EXA) into the curriculum and provided a clear guideline to those wanting to implement EXA in a more purposeful and rigorous way in the school setting. To ensure the validity of the curriculum, a mixture of open-ended and a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was administered to investigate the perceptions of a group of experts from different fields about various aspects of the curriculum. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics of the quantitative data along with content analysis of the participants’ written comments. the results of this study indicated that the EXA activities in the curriculum were feasible, effective and implementing this curriculum in the school setting would be beneficial to promote SEL skills of Syrian refugee students. by Ali Yılmaz Emre M.A.

Research indicates that mental health disorders can occur in children as young as 4 years of age, prompting the need for prevention programs for young children. The ability to use healthy strategies to cope with emotions is a protective factor against mental health disorders that can be effectively taught to children from an early age. The current study used a pre-test post-test cluster randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of the new Aussie Optimism: I Spy Feelings Program. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the program on children’s emotional coping. The program included content on emotion regulation strategies, focusing on the emotions of happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and worry. The participants were 73 children (intervention = 33; control = 40) from pre-primary classes. Four schools were cluster randomized to the intervention or control group, resulting in two schools in each condition. Parents completed measures of their children’s emotional coping with sadness, anger and worry. Children in the intervention group participated in ten sessions of the I Spy Feelings Program, spread over 5 weeks. The results indicated a significant, small to moderate intervention effect for coping with anger. Children in the control group decreased in their ability to cope with anger, while children in the intervention group remained stable. No intervention effects were found for coping with sadness or worry, with results for these emotions staying stable across time for both groups. This pilot study will inform the further development of the program. The effects of the program on coping with anger provide support for the use of emotion regulation strategies in intervention programs to maintain healthy emotional coping, which is a protective factor against internalizing and externalizing disorders in childhood.

Rad se bavi problematikom nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata, čimbenicima koji do njega dovode i sastavnicama programa prevencije koji bi trebali pridonijeti sprječavanju nasilnog ponašanja. Čimbenici nastanka nasilnog ponašanja kod adolescenata, proučavani u radu, jesu vršnjaci, roditelji i mediji. Svaki od navedenih čimbenika doveden je u vezu s nastankom nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata i objašnjen putem analitičkom modela navodeći rezultate empirijskih istraživanja koji podupiru model. Iz literature i provedenih istraživanja prikazane su sastavnice i aktivnosti koje bi se trebale uvrstiti u preventivne programe s ciljem prevencije nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata. Predložene sastavnice i aktivnosti preventivnih programa su: aktivnosti u slobodnom vremenu, stjecanje socijalno-emocionalnih kompetencija, uključivanje učenika u program vršnjačkog mentorstva, postavljanje pravila i kazni, profesionalno usavršavanje djelatnika škole, edukacija roditelja o roditeljstvu, postavljanje pravila i ograničavanje korištenja medija te otvorena komunikacija roditelja s djecom o korištenju medija. Navedene sastavnice dovedene su u vezu sa smanjenjem nasilnog ponašanja adolescenata i objašnjene putem analitičkog modela. Ističe se potreba za suradnjom obitelji i škole u provedbi programa, sustavnim pristupom u prevenciji nasilnog ponašanja i oslanjanjem na znanstvene spoznaje i saznanja iz prakse pri kreiranju programa prevencije. Naposljetku, navedene su karakteristike učinkovitih i neučinkovitih preventivnih programa iz prethodno provedenih istraživanja, koji su u skladu sa sastavnicama preventivnih programa navedenih u radu. Analitičke modele navedene u radu, trebalo bi empirijski istražiti kako bi se mogli potvrditi. Također, kako bi se dokazala učinkovitost predloženih sastavnica i samog programa prevencije, potrebno je provesti evaluaciju. The paper deals with the issue of violent behavior of adolescents, the factors that lead to it and the components of prevention programs that should contribute to the prevention of violent behavior. Factors in the development of violent behavior in adolescents, studied in the paper, are peers, parents and the media. Each of these factors has been linked to the emergence of adolescent violent behavior and explained through an analytical model citing the results of empirical research that supports the model. From the literature and conducted research, the components and activities that should be included in prevention programs with the aim of preventing violent behavior of adolescents are presented. The proposed components and activities of prevention programs are: leisure activities, acquisition of social and emotional competencies, inclusion of students in peer mentoring programs, setting rules and penalties, professional development of school staff, educating parents about parenting, setting rules and restricting media use and open communication parents with children about media use. These components were related to the reduction of adolescent violent behavior and explained through an analytical model. The need for cooperation between the family and the school in the implementation of the program, a systematic approach in the prevention of violent behavior and reliance on scientific knowledge and practical knowledge in creating prevention programs is emphasized. Finally, the characteristics of effective and ineffective prevention programs from previously conducted research, which are in line with the components of prevention programs listed in the paper, are listed. The analytical models listed in the paper should be empirically researched in order to be confirmed. Also, in order to prove the effectiveness of the proposed components and the prevention program itself, it is necessary to conduct an evaluation.

The European school-based drug addiction prevention program Unplugged was adapted to the Brazilian context by the Ministry of Health and renamed #Tamojunto. Its first implementations, in the form of a public policy in Brazil, showed contradictory and different effects from those observed in Europe. Adaptations were made to #Tamojunto in 2018 to reintroduce the essential content of the original program. A parallel, two-arm, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the new version of the school-based government program #Tamojunto2.0 for the prevention of drug use among 8th grade middle school students from 70 public schools in three Brazilian cities, totaling approximately 6.300 participating students distributed in 210 classes. For intervention, the experimental group will receive the 12 lessons of the #Tamojunto2.0 program under the supervision of a Brazilian Ministry of Health team. The control group will not receive any intervention. Information will be collected from the students at three time points: preintervention and 9 and 18 months postintervention. Multilevel analyses will be performed using the Gllamm Stata program to assess simultaneous differences in prevalence, in time and among groups for the outcomes of interest. Structural equation modeling will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention in changing the behavioral patterns of the adolescents through latent transition analysis. The effect of the mediators involved in the program effectiveness outcomes will also be analyzed. The program doses applied in all classes of the intervention group will be collected using a form completed by the teacher at the end of each lesson, indicating the activities taught and not taught in each lesson. This study will show whether the #Tamojunto2.0 program can be expanded as a public policy for all schools with the aim of preventing drug use among Brazilian students. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (RBR-8cnkwq) under the name “Avaliacao do Efeito do Programa de Prevencao Escolar ao Uso de Drogas #Tamojunto2.0, Versao 2018”, on August 30th, 2018 ( http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8cnkwq/ ).

Longitudinal, genetically informative studies of the association between cigarette smoking and depressive symptoms among adolescents are limited. We examined the longitudinal association of cigarette smoking with subsequent depressive symptoms during adolescence in a Finnish twin cohort. We used prospective data from the population-based FinnTwin12 study (maximum N = 4152 individuals, 1910 twin pairs). Current smoking status and a number of lifetime cigarettes smoked were assessed at the age of 14 and depressive symptoms at the age of 17. Negative binomial regression was conducted to model the association between smoking behavior and subsequent depressive symptoms among individuals, and within-pair analyses were conducted to control for unmeasured familial confounding. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, school grades, drinking alcohol to intoxication, health status, family structure, parental education, and smoking, as well as for pre-existing depressiveness. The results of the individual-level analyses showed that cigarette smoking at the age of 14 predicted depressive symptoms at the age of 17. Compared to never smokers, those who had smoked over 50 cigarettes (incidence rate ratio, IRR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.28–1.60) and regular smokers (IRR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.32–1.62) had higher depression scores. The associations were attenuated when adjusted for measured covariates and further reduced in within-pair analyses. In the within-pair results, the estimates were lower within monozygotic (MZ) pairs compared to dizygotic (DZ) pairs, suggesting that shared genetic factors contribute to the associations observed in individual-based analyses. Thus, we conclude that cigarette smoking is associated with subsequent depressive symptoms during adolescence, but the association is not independent of measured confounding factors and shared genetic influences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11121-019-01020-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Parental experience of initiation of alcohol drinking has been identified as one of the early causes of alcohol drinking in preadolescents in many countries, including Japan. This study identified the association between parental alcohol-related knowledge and the initiation of alcohol use among preadolescent students in an urban area in Japan. Self-administrated questionnaires were distributed to 420 parents of kindergarteners and elementary school students, of which 339 were filled and returned (response rate: 81%). The parents’ experience in initiating alcohol drinking in their children and their knowledge about the effects of alcohol on youth were explored. The requirements for drinking prevention programs for youth were also investigated. The result showed that a significantly higher proportion of parents of elementary school students had experiences of initiating alcohol use in their children compared to parents of kindergarten children. The parents’ knowledge regarding the effects of alcohol on youth showed no significant difference between the two parent groups. These data indicate that the age of children is the only factor as opposed to parents’ knowledge. We also found significant differences in the requirements of prevention programs between the two parent groups. The results of this study can contribute to the design of alcohol prevention programs for these parents, which could reduce the onset of children’s drinking.

Einleitung: Ein steigendes Problem in unserer heutigen Gesellschaft stellt Gewalt am Arbeitsplatz dar. Die Konsequenz solcher Erfahrungen können negative Langzeitfolgen sein, welche nicht nur auf die Qualität der Arbeit, sondern auch auf die persönliche Gesundheit Einfluss ausüben. Diese beinhalten emotionale Erschöpfung, geringes Selbstvertrauen, Depressionen und Suizidgedanken. Ebenfalls können posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen auftreten. Im Gesundheitsbereich zeigt sich ebenfalls eine gesteigerte Gewaltrate seitens der Patient*innen gegenüber medizinischem Personal, insbesondere Gesundheits- und Krankenpfleger*innen. Methodik: Mittels Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken „CINAHL“, „Science direct“, „PubMed“, „SpringerLink“ und „Academic Search Elite“ wurden acht Studien ermittelt. Hierbei waren sieben quantitativ und eine qualitativ. Diese entsprachen dem EMED-Format und wurden zur Bearbeitung der Forschungsfrage herangezogen. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse legen eine große Diskrepanz bezüglich der Effektivität der präventiven Maßnahmen dar. Während der Einsatz von Simulationstraining und praktisch-theoretischen Trainings in spezifischen Settings als sinnvoll angesehen wer-den kann, wurde die Nutzung von tragbaren oder angebrachten Paniksystemen mit erhöhter Angriffsbereitschaft in Verbindung gebracht. Die Anpassung der räumlichen Gegebenheiten wird wiederum als effektive Maßnahme betrachtet. Schlussfolgerung: Während die Effektivität der untersuchten Maßnahmen durch-ausgegeben ist, erschweren individuelle Bedürfnisse, welche sich durch das unterschiedliche Setting an die Prävention richten, die Implementierung in die Praxis. Für zukünftige Forschung sollte der Fokus unter anderem auf eine nähere Untersuchung und Beschreibung des Settings, sowie der unterschiedlichen Prävention der jeweiligen Gewaltarten gelegt werden. Introduction: Workplace violence is an increasing problem in today’s society. The outcome of such experiences could be negative long-term consequences, which do not only influence the quality of work, but also personally health. This includes emotionally exhaustion, low self-esteem, depression and thoughts of suicide. Furthermore, healthcare workers could develop post-traumatic stress disorder. In the healthcare system, there is a high rate of Workplace violence from patients towards medical staff, especially towards nurses. Methodology: This paper is based on a literature research. Databases such as “CI-NAHL”, “Science direct”, “PubMed”, “SpringerLink” and “Academic Search Elite” have been used to determine eight studies. These were structured after the EMED-format and were used to answer the research-question. Results: The findings show a difference in terms of the effectiveness of the prevention strategies. While the simulation training as well as the hybrid training has been useful, when transferred into a specific setting, the use of portable or attached panic systems on the other side is seen as trigger higher readiness to attack. The adaptation of environmental factors is effective for staff. Conclusio: While the effectiveness of the intervention is proven, there are a few in-dividual problems when wanting to implement these into the practical field. These problems are given because of the individual settings. Future research should investigate and describe more of the different settings as well as the individual prevention strategies given to react to the different shape of violence.

Child sexual abuse is a social problem that concerns our societies. The sustainable development goals have highlighted the eradication of child sexual abuse as one of the highest-priority goals of this century. Breaking the silence within religious communities is an essential step going forward. Therefore, establishing a dialogue between people of different religions is crucial to achieving this goal. The purpose of this article is to explore whether there are current interreligious dialogue initiatives based on scientific recommendations to prevent child sexual abuse. The method used herein is a qualitative document analysis of the selected initiatives. The results indicate that interreligious dialogue initiatives include scientific recommendations in their prevention programs. Furthermore, these successful initiatives connect religious values and the need to support victims and to break their silence. Based on these results, it can be concluded that interreligious initiatives for child sexual abuse prevention programs based on scientific evidence are crucial in order to eradicate child sexual abuse.

Einleitung: Suizid zählt zu den drei häufigsten Todesursachen bei jungen Menschen unter dem 25 Lebensjahr. Kein Wunder, dass die Suizidtoten in Österreich, die der Opfer im Straßenverkehr deutlich übersteigen. Viele dieser Suizidopfer finden sich vor der Tat in einer Notaufnahme auf oder wurden ins Krankenhaus aufgenommen. Gesundheits- und Krankenpflegepersonen sind meist die ersten Ansprechpersonen und stehen im direkten Kontakt mit den Patienten*innen. Durch sie können im weiteren Verlauf Leben gerettet werden. Welche effektiven Ansätze zur Suizidprävention gibt es nun und inwiefern lassen sich diese innerhalb und außerhalb des Krankenhauses durch Gesundheits- und Krankenpflegepersonen anwenden? Das ist die Frage, die mithilfe dieser Arbeit beantwortet werden soll. Methodik: Zur Beantwortung der Fragestellung wird eine systematische Literaturrecherche in Datenbanken, wie PubMed und Livivo durchgeführt. Dabei wird unter Beachtung der Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien, zum Beispiel die depressiven und zu selbstmordneigenden Personen unter den Suizidgefährdeten oder der Verfassungszeitraum der Literatur, nach geeigneten Artikeln gesucht. Ergebnisse: Aus den 13 identifizierten Studien wurden drei Komponenten zur Suizidprävention genannt. Dabei konzentrierten sich fünf Studien auf die Bildung der Mitarbeiter*innen mithilfe von Trainings- und Schulungsprogrammen sowie einem Bildungsplakat. Vier Studien haben sich mit der Bedeutung von geeigneten Screening Tools mit und ohne Intervention sowie einer Checkliste auseinandergesetzt und weitere vier Studien beschäftigten sich mit Follow-up Maßnahmen, wobei besonders auf die telefonische Nachsorge nach der Entlassung aus der Notaufnahme eingegangen wurde. Schlussfolgerung: Es gibt nicht eine einzige Maßnahme für eine erfolgreiche Suizidprävention. Es ist vielmehr ein Zusammenspiel aller drei Komponenten. Ohne qualifizierte Krankenpflegepersonen, die das nötige Wissen und Vertrauen haben, kann die Identifikation suizidgefährdeter Personen mithilfe von Screening Instrumenten nicht erfolgen und es können keine entsprechenden Interventionen vor und vor allem nach der Entlassung getroffen werden. Introduction: Suicide is one of the three most common causes of death in young people under the age of 25. No wonder that the suicide deaths in Austria significantly exceed those of the victims in road traffic. Many of these suicide victims are in an emergency room or hospitalized before the crime. Health and nursing staff are usually the first point of contact and are in contact with the patients directly. Through them, lives can be saved in the further course. What effective approaches to suicide prevention are there and to what extent can these be used by health and nursing staff inside and outside the hospital? This is the question which this paper aims to answer. Methods: To answer the question, a systematic literature search is carried out in databases such as PubMed and Livivo. In doing so, taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria, for example the depressed and suicidal persons among those at risk of suicide or the constitutional period of the literature, suitable articles are searched for. Results: From the 13 studies identified, three components for suicide prevention were named. Five studies focused on the education of employees with the help of training and education programs as well as an educational poster. Four studies dealt with the importance of suitable screening tools with and without intervention as well as a checklist and another four studies dealt with follow-up measures, with particular attention being paid to telephone follow-up after discharge from the emergency room. Conclusion: There is not a single measure for successful suicide prevention. Rather, it is an interplay of all three components. Without qualified nurses who have the necessary knowledge and trust, people at risk of suicide cannot be identified with the aid of screening instruments and no appropriate interventions can be made before and especially after discharge.

Stigma refers to socially undesirable attributes of individuals or groups, associated with isolation, rejection, and discrimination. Stigma is an essential contributor in the causal web of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that flourish within the global context of inequities associated with STIs: social class, race/ethnicity, immigration status, gender, gender expression, and sexual orientation. Public health capacity to address the diverse pathogens associated with STIs – including HIV – has been astoundingly transformed by the basic, clinical, and translational sciences advances of the past half-century. Paradoxically, despite great strides in capacity to understand, detect, and treat, STIs remain key indicators of global health inequity that have worsened in recent years...

Background Gender-based violence among young women is a growing problem worldwide. The consequences of this victimization have been well reported in the scientific literature, among which negative health outcomes stand out. The factors influencing this problem are many; one highlighted by research is socialization into a dominant coercive discourse that associates sexual-affective attraction to males with violent attitudes and behaviors, while in turn, such discourse empties males with egalitarian behaviors from sexual attractiveness. This coercive discourse may be shaping the sexual preferences of female youth. The current paper explores young women’s preferences for different types of sexual relationships and, more particularly, for what type of sexual affective relationships they coercively preferred men with violent attitudes and behavior. Methods A quantitative, mixed-design vignette study was conducted with 191 college females in Spain. We focused the analysis only on responses about vignettes including narratives of men with violent attitudes and behaviors. In addition, we examined whether participants would report higher coerced preferences for violent men when asked about the coerced preferences of their female friends than when asked about their own preferences. Results Only 28.95% of participants responded that their female friends would prefer a young man with violent behavior for a stable relationship, meanwhile 58.42% would do it for hooking up. When reporting about themselves, the difference was greater: 28.42% would prefer a young man with violent behavior for hooking up and just 5.78% for a stable relationship. Conclusions The dominant coercive discourse that links attractiveness to people with violent attitudes and behaviors may be explaining the results obtained in this study. The findings can help eliminate the stereotype largely adopted by some intervention and prevention programs which assume that gender-based violence occurs mainly in stable relationships, considering that falling in love is the reason that lead women to suffer from violence. Our results can also support health professionals and others serving young women to enhance their identification of gender violence victimization, as well as our findings point to the need to include the evidence of gender violence in sporadic relationships in prevention programs and campaigns addressed to young women.

Visando prevenir doenças e promover a saúde, programas tem sido implementados no Brasil. As operadoras de saúde tem buscado implementar esse tipo de programa, buscando minimizar os custos provenientes de muitas consultas, exames e principalmente internações. A mudança de hábitos possibilita uma prevenção de doenças e aumento na qualidade de vida das pessoas e o papel desses programas é conscientizar a população da importância da prática de atividades físicas e alimentação saudável. Diante disso, objetiva-se com esse trabalho abordar os Programas de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças como estratégia empresarial. Para tanto, será realizado um levantamento bibliográfico e a descrição do caso da implantação de um Programa de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças de uma operadora de saúde. Foi possível verificar com as entrevistas que os Programas das duas Operadoras de Saúde têm tido resultados positivos e que ações contínuas tem sido realizadas buscando aprimorar o Programa. Conclui-se que a implantação desse tipo de programa nas Operadoras de Saúde é muito importante, visando não somente a redução de custos das mesmas, mas na melhoria da saúde de seus usuários, bem como no aumento da prevenção de doenças. In order to prevent diseases and promote health, programs have been implemented in Brazil. Health care providers have sought to implement this type of program, seeking to minimize the costs of many consultations, exams and especially hospitalizations. The change in habits makes it possible to prevent diseases and increase people's quality of life and the role of these programs is to make the population aware of the importance of practicing physical activities and healthy eating. Therefore, the objective of this work is to address the Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Programs as a business strategy. To this end, a bibliographic survey and a description of the case of the implementation of a health promotion and disease prevention program by a health operator will be carried out. It was possible to verify with the interviews that the Programs of the two Health Operators have had positive results and that continuous actions have been carried out in order to improve the Program. It is concluded that the implementation of this type of program in Health Operators is very important, aiming not only to reduce their costs, but to improve the health of its users, as well as to increase disease prevention.

This study aimed to determine the CRC screening coverage of people aged between 50 and 69 years who were living in Spain in 2017 and describe the factors associated with not having had a faecal occult blood test (FOBT). A cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017. We analysed 7568 individuals between the ages of 50 and 69 years. The proportion of respondents between 50 and 69 years old who had had an FOBT was 29.0% (n = 2191). The three autonomous communities with the lowest proportion of respondents who had had an FOBT were Extremadura (8.7%, n = 16), Ceuta–Melilla (10.4%, n = 3), and Andalucia (14.1%, n = 186). The variables associated with not having had an FOBT were being 50–54 years old (PR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.04–1.14), having been born outside of Spain (PR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.06–1.16), not having been vaccinated against the flu (PR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.04–1.15), never having had a colonoscopy (PR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.40–1.59), not having had an ultrasound scan in the last year (PR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.04–1.14), and not having seen a primary care physician in the last month (PR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.04–1.12). The factors associated with not getting an FOBT were young age, having been born outside of Spain, not having been vaccinated against the flu in the last campaign, and not making frequent use of healthcare services.