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Adjuvant intravaginal brachytherapy (IVBT) is an evidenced-based strategy that significantly reduces the long-term rate of post-hysterectomy vaginal mucosal relapse in women with intermediate and high-risk endometrial cancer (EC) (Nout et al., 2010). Due to the physical properties of brachytherapy, optimal IVBT dose delivery is dependent on close conformance of the vaginal applicator with the mucosal target tissue. Internationally (Nout et al., 2010; Small et al., 2005) the standard IVBT applicator is a multi-diameter rigid round-topped segmented or solid plastic cylinder with a central metal tandem catheter. A recent study however, has questioned the anatomic suitability of the rigid cylinder system in all post-hysterectomy EC patients and suggested that IVBT be customized to the final vaginal vault topography (Miller et al., 2010). We used this approach in an unusual case of bilateral EC in a patient with a congenital Mullerian tract anomaly (uterus didelphys; UD).

International audience; Malgré l'aspect parfois impressionnant des cas traités qui frappent indéniablement les consciences, et son attache historique remontant à la plus Haute Antiquité, la prothèse maxillo-faciale reste une discipline médicale mal connue des patients. A côté des importants progrès de la chirurgie reconstructrice, la prothèse maxillo-faciale reste toujours d'actualité dans le domaine de la reconstruction de la face et se révèle d'un recours majeur dans nombre de cas. L'usage de moulages faciaux réalisés "sur mesure" et la mise en œuvre de biomatériaux tels que les élastomères de silicone permettent la confection d'épithèses faciales autorisant des reconstructions esthétiques bien intégrées par le patient, lui redonnant une vie relationnelle et sociale acceptable. En étudiant de près un certain nombre de techniques, autour des empreintes et des moulages, les auteurs souhaitent mettre en lumière le savoir-faire de l'artisan caché sous la blouse blanche, cœur, source et moteur d'une activité professionnelle où priment le désir de soigner et le don à la personne.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-06-26T13:21:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LucieneMachado.pdf: 6153860 bytes, checksum: 5a1406c717f371fcd2bbb426cb8779ed (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-26T13:21:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucieneMachado.pdf: 6153860 bytes, checksum: 5a1406c717f371fcd2bbb426cb8779ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 Nenhuma Esta pesquisa propôs uma associação entre a moulage e a metodologia do Design Estratégico por meio da etapa metaprojetual Dentre as modalidades de representação na Moda (uma das subáreas do Design), a moulage é uma técnica de modelagem tridimensional, a qual consiste em modelar o tecido diretamente sobre o corpo ou manequim, aplicada geralmente no final do processo de Moda, na etapa de Modelagem. O Design Estratégico, uma das vertentes do Design, é composto por uma etapa anterior à de projeto, denominada metaprojetual, a qual consiste na pesquisa e interpretação de dados do problema de design para direcionar a geração de propostas conceituais de projeto, denominadas concepts. Tanto o Design Estratégico quanto a Moda são áreas de caráter projetual e criativo que utilizam técnicas de representação como forma de tangibilizar e visualizar o conceito do projeto. O objetivo da presente pesquisa de caráter exploratório e qualitativo foi analisar o deslocamento da técnica de moulage para a etapa metaprojetual a fim de construir concepts. Para tal, elaborou-se um Exercício Projetual através da metodologia do Design Estratégico que consistiu em solucionar um briefing de Design de Moda, utilizando a moulage durante o processo de construção do concept. O exercício foi aplicado a oito duplas de voluntários, compostos por um designer de moda e um designer. Através de vídeos gravados durante a execução do exercício e de entrevistas abertas realizadas após o mesmo, analisou-se como as duplas utilizaram a moulage para gerar e representar suas ideias na elaboração dos concepts. Os resultados apontaram que a moulage, sendo utilizada de modo experimental durante a etapa metaprojetual, contribuiu como um estímulo para potencializar a geração e a representação das ideias dos participantes, bem como, auxiliou a construir, a visualizar e a materializar o concept. This research proposed an association between draping technique and Strategic Design. Draping, a type of representation in Fashion Design, is a threedimensional modeling technique which consists in directly modeling a piece of fabric on the body or mannequin. It is usually done in the modeling phase, in the end of the design fashion process. The Strategic Design, one type of design, encompasses an earlier design stage, called metaprojetual phase, which consists of research and interpretation of the design problem data that drives to the generation of conceptual proposals, called design concepts. Both Strategic Design and Fashion Design have creative and project character that uses techniques of representation as a way to materialize and visualize their project concepts. The objective of this research was to analyze the effects of the displacement of draping technique to the metaprojetual phase to build design concepts. Through a literature review and with a qualitative exploratory study, it was proposed a Design Exercise developed with the Strategic Design methodology. The exercise consisted of solving a fashion design briefing using the draping technique during the concept building process. It was applied with eight groups, which one consisting of a fashion designer and a designer. Through videos and interviews it was analyzed how they used the draping technique to generate and represent their ideas in the concept building process. The results showed that the draping technique, being used experimentally during the metaprojetual phase, contributed as a stimulus to potentiate the generation and the representation of the designers' ideas as well as it contributed to build, visualize and materialize the design concept.

Renneville Marc. Un musée d'anthropologie oublié : le cabinet phrénologique de Dumoutier. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 10 fascicule 3-4, 1998. pp. 477-484.

The aim of this work is to conduct fundamental and experimental studies of the physical properties of columnar discotic liquid crystal (CDLCs) confined in highly ordered porous templates at the nanoscale. CDLC molecule of planar shape, consist in rigid polyaromatic nuclei surrounded by functionalizable flexible aliphatic chains, and are capable of self-assembly in columns, thereby promoting overlap of their π electron orbitals. This makes these materials real candidates for applications in molecular electronics and photovoltaics due to the possibility of migration of the charge carriers along their columns. However, these applications require a good control of the parameters affecting the alignment mechanisms in the columnar phases of large single domains, preferably at room temperature. A very promising approach to optimize the diffusion lengths of charge carriers has been recently proposed, based on the formation of oriented CDLC nanowires by self-assembly in so-called "templates". However, structural and dynamical proprieties and confinement effects are still scarce, and could be a real scientific lock to their implementation. Our study is focused on commercial CDLCs (HPT) and Py4CEH which are confined in porous alumina and porous silicon membranes with pore diameters of c.a. tens of nm. The phase diagram was first studied by DSC and more deeply characterized by neutron scattering. In confined geometries, we observe a depression of the phase transition temperatures, a broadening of the columnar phase stability domain and an opening of hysteresis loops amplified by smaller pore size. A high orientational order was found in the bulk columnar phases by solid-state NMR, and the structure of confined columnar systems, dominated by a radial distribution with homeotropic anchoring was observed. The molecular dynamics was studied by quasielastic neutron scattering. It is affected by confinement: large lengthscale motions are massively slowed down, whereas the rapid and local dynamics becomes submitted to large distributions of correlation times., L'objectif de cette thèse est de mener une étude fondamentale et expérimentale des propriétés physiques des cristaux liquides discotiques colonnaires (CLDCs) confinés dans des matrices poreuses templates hautement ordonnées à l'échelle nanométrique. Les molécules des CLDCs de forme plane, composées de noyaux polyaromatiques rigides entourées de chaînes aliphatiques flexibles fonctionnalisables, sont susceptibles de s'auto-assembler dans des colonnes favorisant ainsi le recouvrement de leurs orbitales électroniques π. Ce qui fait de ces matériaux de véritables candidats pour des applications dans l'électronique moléculaire et la photovoltaïque grâce à la possibilité de migration des porteurs de charges le long de leurs colonnes. Cependant, ces applications nécessitent une bonne maîtrise des paramètres influant sur les mécanismes d'alignement dans les phases colonnaires, sur de grands monodomaines, et de préférence à température ambiante. Une méthode très prometteuse visant à optimiser les longueurs de diffusion des porteurs de charge a été récemment proposée, basée sur la formation de nanofils orientés de CLDCs par auto-assemblage dans des matrices dites « templates » (de moulage). Toutefois, les propriétés structurales, dynamiques et les effets de confinement sur ces technologies restent aujourd'hui mal connus et morcelés et pourraient constituer un véritable verrou scientifique pour leur réalisation. Notre étude s'est portée sur les CLDCs commerciaux (HPT) et le Py4CEH (moins connus) qui sont confinés dans des alumines poreuses (AAO) et du silicium poreux (Sip) de diamètres de pores de quelques dizaines de nm. Les diagrammes de phase ont été d'abord étudiés par DSC puis les effets structuraux ont été approfondis grâce à la diffusion de neutrons. Dans les géométries confinées, nous observons une dépression des températures de transition, un élargissement du domaine de stabilité de la phase colonnaire et l'ouverture d'une hystérèse amplifiée dans les pores de plus petite taille. Un ordre orientationnel très élevé a été trouvé dans les phases colonnaires bulk par la RMN du solide et la structure des systèmes confinés colonnaires, dominée par une distribution radiale avec un ancrage homéotrope a été déterminée. La dynamique moléculaire a été étudiée par diffusion quasiélastique de neutrons. Elle est affectée par le confinement : la dynamique de grande amplitude est fortement ralentie, tandis que la dynamique rapide locale devient régie par une distribution très large de temps caractéristiques.

This research brought two different worlds that the time and technology torn apart. The tailor made clothing made of animals skins became more technical through the years and the artisan took the role of the professional called tailor. This person is responsible for transforming plain textiles into complex tridimensional shapes adapted to the human body. State-of-art technologies are studied in order to solve problems digitally, problems that were handled analogically in the past. In this new world, the drafting, modeling and cutting and sometimes the customer itself are digitalized and processed. This technologies set new ways to work, opening up new possibilities and revealing a broad range of new construction options even before the final assembly. A very wide field of research is open. Este trabalho transitou entre dois mundos distantes que o tempo e a tecnologia juntaram: o artesanal e o tecnológico. A vestimenta artesanal feita de pele de animais, que com o tempo foi sendo modificada e se tornando mais técnica, e que o artesão, depois de séculos, assumiu como profissão e virou o profissional alfaiate. O alfaiate tornou-se responsável pela transformação dos materiais planos em formas tridimensionais adaptáveis ao corpo. Portanto, a presente pesquisa utiliza-se da tecnologia existente e transporta para ela o que era desenvolvido de maneira manual para o processo digital, onde desenho, modelagem, corte de tecido e às vezes até mesmo o próprio cliente que é digitalizado e transportado para o mundo virtual. Essa tecnologia abre caminhos para um novo momento, onde trabalhamos com novas possibilidades, revelando um período de novas opções de construção, antes da confecção do produto final. Abre-se assim um campo fértil de investigação para o design da moda.

In Erlangen bot sich mit der Eröffnung der Universitäts-Hautklinik in der Hartmannstraße am 1. Februar 1923 die Möglichkeit zur Einrichtung einer größeren Moulagensammlung. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Geschichte dieser Sammlung und der Hautklinik, in der sie bis heute verwahrt wird, vorgestellt. Weiterhin wird der Erlanger Moulagenbestand in Bezug auf Quantität und Qualität und hinsichtlich seines Krankheitsspektrums analysiert. Schließlich werden die für diesen Bestand maßgeblichen Mouleure vorgestellt. Nach Zusammenfassung und Einleitung wird im dritten Kapitel der Weg zu einer eigenständigen Klinik für Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten an der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg beschrieben. Er begann mit der Einrichtung eines Ambulatoriums für Haut- und Geschlechtskrankheiten an der Medizinischen Klinik im Jahr 1905, dessen Leitung Leonhardt Hauck (1874-1945) als Oberarzt übernahm. Dieser hielt seit 1906 zunächst als Privatdozent, schließlich als außerordentlicher Professor die Vorlesungen in seinem Spezialgebiet. 1923 wurde, unter anderem auf Betreiben des Leiters der Medizinischen Klinik Franz Penzoldt (1849-1927), die Hautklinik eröffnet: Hauck wurde ihr erster Direktor und erhielt im Folgejahr den Rang eines ordentlichen Professors. Im vierten Abschnitt wird die Geschichte der Moulagensammlung vorgestellt, die Leonhardt Hauck begründet und aufgebaut hat. Die ersten Exemplare hatte er schon in seiner Zeit als Oberarzt angeschafft. Die Sammlung wird bis heute in der Hautklinik verwahrt. Die einzige Periode, in der Teile davon sich möglicherweise an anderen Standorten befanden, war die Zeit der Nutzung der Klinik durch die US-amerikanische Armee nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Da die Moulagen in erster Linie ein Medium für die Lehre waren, wurden sie hörsaalnah aufbewahrt. Bis 1970 befanden sie sich in eigens dafür angefertigten Schränken, seit der Errichtung eines neuen Hörsaals in umgebauten Aktenschränken, die durch fehlenden Schutz vor Staub und Temperaturschwankungen leider keine optimale Umgebung für die Moulagen bieten. Durch diese Aufbewahrung und auf Grund mangelnder Pflege sind die Moulagen heute größtenteils in einem schlechten Zustand. Im folgenden Kapitel wird der Bestand der Sammlung genauer untersucht. Heute existieren noch 147 Exemplare. Es hat sich jedoch an Hand einer älteren Nummerierung gezeigt, dass vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg mindestens 178 Objekte vorhanden gewesen sein müssen, von denen ein Teil im bzw. kurz nach dem Weltkrieg zerstört wurde. Etwa 15 Stück gingen in den Jahrzehnten nach dem Krieg verloren. Die auf den Moulagen abgebildeten Erkrankungen entsprechen dem Krankheitsspektrum ihrer Herstellungszeit. Schwerpunkte bilden die Geschlechtserkrankungen, Verhornungsstörungen, malignen Tumoren und Mykobakteriosen. Der letzte Abschnitt dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit den Herstellern der in Erlangen vorhandenen Moulagen. Sie stammen aus den Werkstätten von Hugo Emanuel Becher (geb. 1871), München, Alfons Kröner (gest. 1937), Breslau, Theodor Henning (1897-1946), Wien, sowie Frau E. Kürschner-Ziegfeld, Dresden. Einen eigenen Mouleur gab es in Erlangen offenbar nicht. Mit 104 Exemplaren wurde der größte Teil der Erlanger Moulagensammlung von dem Münchner Bildhauer Hugo Emanuel Becher angefertigt, dessen Rolle für die Moulagenherstellung bislang kaum bekannt war. Auf der Basis von Künstlerlexika, Ausstellungskatalogen und kunsthistorischen Zeitschriften wurden eine Biographie des Künstlers und eine Übersicht über seine Werke erstellt. Auffällig ist, dass 28 der von Becher angefertigten Moulagen nicht der klassischen Variante mit naturalistisch gefärbter Haut und weißer Stoffeinfassung entsprechen. Sie sind mit schwarzem Lack umrandet, bei 26 der Exemplare ist die Haut dunkel gefärbt. Möglicherweise handelt es sich hier um Kopien. Der Anhang enthält tabellarische Übersichten über die in Erlangen vorhandenen Moulagen sowie über besondere Gruppen innerhalb der Sammlung wie z.B. die nicht-klassischen Exemplare aus Bechers Werkstatt. Außerdem werden weitere für die vorliegende Arbeit relevante Daten aufgeführt, so etwa die Vorlesungen in den Fächern Dermatologie und Venerologie von 1743 bis 1923. Die Abbildungen im Anhang zeigen neben Originallisten der Moulagen aus den 1970er Jahren eine Auswahl von Moulagen mit detaillierter Beschreibung. Eine Frage, die offen bleiben musste, ist die nach der Zukunft der Sammlung. Von einzelnen Dozenten wird sie zu ihrem ursprünglichen Zweck, dem medizinischen Unterricht, verwendet. Die Dreidimensionalität und Realitätstreue der Abbildung machen sie zu einem perfekten Lehrmittel für die Schulung des dermatologischen Blickes. Wünschenswert wäre die Restaurierung der Moulagen, um sie noch besser in Lehre und Prüfungen einbinden zu können, wie es an anderen Universitäten bereits der Fall ist. The possibility of establishing an extensive collection of moulages in Erlangen arose, when the Erlangen Department of Dermatology was founded on February 1, 1923. In this paper the history of the collection and of the Department of Dermatology, where the collection is kept until today, is elaborated. Further the collection of moulages will be analyzed with regard to quantitiy, quality and the range of diseases the objects illustrate. Finally the mouleurs contributung to this collection will be presented. In the third chapter, following the summary and introduction, the steps in the development of an independent Department of Dermatology and Venerology at the University Erlangen-Nuremberg will be described. It began with the establishment of an ambulatory clinic for dermatology and venerology within the clinic for internal medicine in 1905, led by Leonhardt Hauck (1874 to 1945) in the position of an assistant medical professor. He had held lectures, first as an assistant professor (German 'Privatdozent') and later as an associate professor, since 1906 in his own area of expertise. The clinic for dermatology was founded in 1923 at the instigation, above all, of the chief of the internal medicine clinic, Franz Penzoldt (1849 to 1927): Hauck was appointed the first director and achieved the rank of a full professor the following year. The fourth section describes the history of the collection, which was founded and further extended by Leonhardt Hauck. He purchased the first specimens while still an assistant medical professor at the clinic for internal medicine. To this very day, the collection is stored in the Department of Dermatology. The only period, that a part of the moulages might possibly have been deposited in other places, was during the utilisation of the clinic for dermatology by the US-American Army after World War II. Since the moulages were foremost a medium for teaching, they were always kept close to the lecture theatre. Until 1970 they were stored in cabinets that had been especially made for the moulages, but since the construction of a new lecture theatre they have been preserved in modified filing cabinets, which do not entirely protect them from dust and variation of temperature and are therefore not the optimal environment for the moulages. Due to these improper conditions, the greater part of the moulage collection is today in a poor condition. In the following chapter the objects will be more carefully examined. 147 examples still exist. However, on the basis of an obviously older numbering system seen on some moulages, it can be assumed that, before World War II, there had been at least 178 objects in Erlangen, of which a part was destroyed during or shortly after the war. Approximately 15 examples got lost in the following decades. The diseases shown on the moulages correspond to the range of prominent diseases at the time of their production. The main focus lies in venereal diseases, dysfunction of keratinisation, malignant skin tumours and mycobacteriosis. The last section of the paper deals with the creators of the moulages that are kept in Erlangen. These were Hugo Emanuel Becher (born 1871), Munich, Alfons Kröner (died 1937), Wroclaw, Theodor Henning (1897 to 1946), Vienna, and Mrs. E. Kürschner-Ziegfeld, Dresden. An individual mouleur, who produced exclusively for and in Erlangen, apparently did not exist. The largest part of the collection of moulages in Erlangen comprises 104 objects and was produced by the sculptor Hugo Emanuel Becher from Munich, whose relevance for the creation of moulages was barely known until now. On the basis of encyclopaedias of artists, exhibition catalogues and journals of art history it was now possible to compile the biography of the artist and a list of his oeuvre. Surprisingly 28 of the moulages made by Becher do not match the 'classical' version with naturalistically coloured skin bordered by white cloth. Instead they are framed by black lacquer and 26 of them are of dark coloured skin. It is quite possible, that these examples are copies. The appendix contains a list of the moulages in Erlangen as well as lists of special groups within the collection such as the 'non-classical' examples made by Becher. Furthermore it gives other information that is relevant to this paper, such as the lectures on dermatology and venerology from 1743 to 1923. The images in the appendix present original lists from the 1970s as well as a selection of moulages complete with detailed descriptions. The future of the collection has to remain an open question. Some individual lecturers use the moulages for their original purpose, the teaching of medicine. The moulage is a perfect medium to train the dermatological eye, as it is three-dimensional and closely approximates reality. The restoration of the moulages would be desirable in order to make it possible to use the objects in the context of teaching and examinations as is already done in other universities today.

Les modèles anatomiques artificiels en plâtre polychromé visaient à reproduire fidèlement les dissections étudiées au XIXesiècle au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris. Cette étude a permis de préciser leur histoire, leurs fonctions et les techniques employées par les mouleurs et les peintres pour les réaliser. Les choix de restauration ont été formulés en considération des éléments découverts et des exigences particulières aux collections d’histoire naturelle. Artificial anatomical models in polychromed plaster were aimed at faithfully reproducing the dissections studied at the National History Museum of Paris during the XIXth century. This study has allowed us to specify their history, the functions and techniques that were used by the casters and painters to realize them. The restoration choices were based on the elements discovered as well as the requirements due to natural history collections.

Mass Production of Sacred Images : The Tsha tshas of the Tibetan World Made using molds, tsha tshas are clay images produced in large quantities that depict almost all representations from the Tibetan Buddhist pantheon either in relief or in the round,. They are typically made by Buddhist followers to generate merit and to purify negative deeds in order to progress along the path to enlightenment. By examining the process of making tsha tshas, this paper focuses on and analyzes the ritual procedures by which these images are progressively sacralized by means of ritual gestures, visualizations, consecratory deposits, and reciting effective formulas. It also highlights the fact that, depending on the context and the purposes for which tsha tshas are made, their sacredness is ranked according to a hierarchy that determines their status and the sites where they should be placed., Réalisés à l’aide de moules, les tsha tsha sont des images en argile, produites en grande quantité, figurant, en relief ou en ronde-bosse, la plupart des représentations du panthéon bouddhique tibétain. Leur fabrication par les adeptes bouddhistes vise avant tout à générer des mérites et purifier les actions négatives afin de progresser sur le chemin de l’Éveil. A tra¬ers les modalités de réalisation des tsha tsha, cet article présente et analyse les procédures rituelles par lesquelles ces images sont progressivement sacralisées au moyen de gestes rituels, de visualisations, de dépôts consécratoires et de récitations de formules efficientes. Il met également en évidence qu’en fonction du contexte et des finalités pour lesquels les tsha tsha sont réalisés, il existe une hiérarchie dans l’ordre du sacré qui détermine leur statut et leurs lieux de dépôt., Namgyal-Lama Kunsang. Du sacré produit en masse : les tsha tsha du monde tibétain. In: Histoire de l'art, N°73, 2013. Objets sacrés. pp. 97-104.

International audience; The article reviews data on a process of sand casting that was filmed in Morocco more than ten years ago. It starts from the twin assertion that historical traces of sand casting are rare and that this technique does not lend itself easily to technological analysis which is commun in french visual anthropology (because of a constant change in state of its two principal materials and the functional ambiguity of some of its technical components). Sand casting is thus approached as the result of mainly plastic transformations. Since it allows to free oneself from ambiguous categories such as tool, object and matter, plasticity invites to consider the technical process as the product of successive encounters between “plasm” and “plast” bodies, between “formed beings” and “forming beings”. The process of production is then no longer conceived as the transformation of a material in its natural state into a constructed object, but as a permanent process of taking/giving/destroying forms. Thinking in terms of plasticity is particularly suited to understand the logics operating in this moroccan process of sand casting, a technique characterized by the cyclicality and categorial instability of its components.; Il s’agit ici de reconsidérer des données concernant un procédé de fonte au sable filmé au Maroc il y a plus d’une dizaine d’années. Partant du double constat de la rareté des traces historiques laissées par cette technique et de sa relative rétivité à une analyse technologique classique en anthropologie filmique (en raison du constant changement d’état de ses deux principaux matériaux et de l’ambiguïté fonctionnelle des éléments de sa composition), ce texte propose d’envisager la fonte au sable comme le produit de transformations éminemment plastiques. Permettant de se libérer en partie de catégories ambigües, telles qu’outil, objet et matière, la plasticité invite à penser le processus technique comme étant le fruit de rencontres successives entre des corps plasmes et des corps plastes, des « êtres formés » et des « êtres formants ». Le processus de fabrication n’est dès lors plus envisagé comme l’expression de la transformation d’une matière, à l’état naturel, en objet, à l’état fabriqué, mais comme un processus permanent de prise/dation/destruction de formes. La réflexion en termes de plasticité se révèle particulièrement adaptée à la compréhension de la logique à l’œuvre durant ce processus marocain de fonte au sable, technique qui se caractérise par la cyclicité et l’instabilité catégorielle de ses composantes.

The Balme à Collomb (Chartreuse Massif, Savoie), was an important cave for the hibernation of cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) during the last ice age. The in situ moulding of a ground surface on which many parts of a skeleton belonging to an adult bear were lain, has been realized and this, in spite of very particular conditions : temperature 1,5° C, ambiant or surrounding humidity 90%... The different stages of this difficult operation are presented here as a photographic report., Dans la Balme à Collomb (Massif de la Chartreuse, Savoie), importante grotte à hibernation d'ours des cavernes (Ursus spelaeus) pendant la dernière période glaciaire, fut réalisé le moulage in situ d'une surface de sol sur laquelle gisait d'importants éléments d'un squelette d'ours adulte et ceci malgré des conditions très particulières : 1,5°C de température, 90% d'humidité ambiante... Les diverses étapes de cette délicate opération sont présentées à la manière d'un reportage photographique., Philippe Michel, Deverchère Gérard. Moulage d'un squelette d'ours des cavernes dans la Balme à Collomb (Savoie). In: Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Lyon, tome 33, 1995. pp. 5-18.

Considering the use of graphite as a crucible material instead of sintered silica for the directional crystallisation process of multicrystalline solar grade silicon, one of the main goals of this PhD program was to develop a dedicated releasing coating to be used with the identified mould material. A first task of this work consisted in a precise definition of the operating conditions for the releasing coating / crucible material couple and consequently modifying the process in order to be able to use the standard silicon nitride powder-based releasing coating on graphite. The second task was to design the moulding process based on a preliminary study of a simplified configuration of squeezing moulding experiments where the silicon piece spreads into the inner space of the mould when melting. The aim of these experiments was to enlighten the consequences of the “moulding” configuration (characterised by a high contact surface / Si volume ratio, a priori very detrimental) and of the thermal conditions (gradient and solidification speed) on adhesion (sticking), pollution coming from the coating, and on the crystalline structure of moulded silicon., Compte tenu de l'utilisation envisagée du graphite comme matériau de creuset à la place de la silice frittée pour la cristallisation dirigée des lingots de silicium multcristallin de qualité photovoltaïque, un objectif majeur de la thèse était de développer un revêtement spécifique au matériau de moule sélectionné. Une première tâche de ce travail a consisté à définir très précisément les conditions de fonctionnement du couple revêtement anti-adhérent / matériau de creuset et les modifications à apporter au procédé afin d'utiliser le revêtement standard à base de poudre de Si3N4 sur graphite, La deuxième tâche de la thèse a consisté à mettre en place le procédé de moulage à partir d'une étude préliminaire basée sur une configuration simplifiée de moulage par écrasement où un morceau de silicium s'étale à l'intérieur du moule au cours de sa fusion. Le but recherché est de mettre en évidence les conséquences de la configuration « moulage » (caractérisée par un rapport élevé surface de contact / volume de Si a priori très défavorable) et des conditions thermiques (gradient et vitesse de solidification) sur l'adhérence (collage), la pollution par le revêtement et la structure cristalline du silicium.

Nowadays, is observed a development in the fashion sector specialized in attending specific cases, but it is notable that it still needs more attention from the entrepreneurs of the area. The present article aims to adapt patternmaking of Haute Couture garments to women that possess postural deviations. The paper presents, through bibliographic search, the contribution of the authors that base subjects related to the theme, as well as results of the field research applied with the target. Furthermore, it is presented the carried out activities and the achieved results Atualmente, observa-se um crescimento no setor de moda especializado em atender casos específicos, mas é notável que este ainda necessite de mais atenção por parte dos empresários da área. O presente artigo objetiva adequar modelagens de peças da alta costura (ou alta moda) à mulheres que apresentam desvios posturais. O estudo apresenta, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, o aporte dos autores que fundamentam os assuntos relacionados ao tema, bem como resultados da pesquisa de campo aplicada com o público alvo em questão. Além disso, são apresentadas atividades realizadas e os resultados alcançados com a mesma.

La technique de reconstitution des lacunes par moulage est très vaste. Elle présente une large gamme de produits et de procédés susceptibles d’être employés dans le domaine de la restauration de la céramique et du verre. Leur choix et leur bonne mise en œuvre dépendront de plusieurs facteurs comme la nature de l’élément à mouler, sa forme et la nature du matériau de comblement choisi.The technique of gap-filling by molding is very vast. It presents a wide range of products and processes than can be used in the field of the restoration of ceramic and glass objects. Their choice depends on several factors : the material of the object, its shape, and the choice of the filling product.

Face à la taxidermie traditionnelle, de nouvelles techniques de reconstitution d’animaux disparus et de création de sculptures d’animaux sont apparues ces dernières années : à l’aide d’exemples pris au Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, les auteurs s’interrogent sur les raisons de cette évolution – liée notamment au développement de la muséologie – et sur le statut (éléments de décors, outils pédagogiques…) de ces nouveaux objets. Following traditional taxidermy methods, new reconstitution techniques for extinct animals, and for the creation of animal sculptures, have appeared over the past few years: using examples taken from the National Natural History Museum, the authors examine the reasons behind this evolution – linked notably to developments in the museology field – and the status of these new objects.

The invention relates to a process for moulding a solid material, termed eco-compatible material, in which: a solid organic material comprising at least one compound selected from the group made up of polysaccharides and polypeptides is selected, said solid organic material having a moisture content of less than 12%, then this solid organic material is subjected to a moulding step in which said solid organic material is placed in a mould and the solid organic material is compressed at a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined pressure; characterized in that the predetermined temperature and the predetermined pressure are designed to allow a decrease in the specific volume of the solid organic material at a substantially constant mass., L'invention concerne un procédé de moulage d'un matériau solide, dit matériau éco-compatible, dans lequel : on choisit une matière organique solide comprenant au moins un composé choisi dans le groupe formé des polysaccharides et des polypeptides, ladite matière organique solide présentant un taux d'humidité inférieur à 12%, puis; on soumet cette matière organique solide à une étape de moulage dans laquelle on place ladite matière organique solide dans un moule et on compresse la matière organique solide à une température prédéterminée et à une pression prédéterminée; caractérisé en ce que la température prédéterminée et la pression prédéterminée sont adaptées pour permettre une diminution du volume spécifique de la matière organique solide à masse sensiblement constante.

International audience; Surface detention and depression storage constitute the two conceptual storages of water at the soil surface and depend on the spatial configuration of the micro-topography. To be able to measure directly those storages and investigate how they evolve with time and precipitation, it is necessary to isolate the impact of the micro-topography from the infiltration. Therefore we developed a fast and cheap in-situ molding method (+/−85 €/m2) that combines alginate, plaster and lacquer. It allows creating stable and impermeable artificial micro-topographies that reproduce real field situations and that can be submitted to various laboratory runoff simulations. Both the surface of a specific soil and its artificial reproduction were measured with a laser scanner in order to assess the quality of the molding method. This method is shown to be precise with a standard deviation of 0.55 mm, which is also the spatial resolution of the laser scanner method. This novel molding method was applied to get ten footprints of the micro-topography of a loamy bare soil, at different levels of cumulative rainfall erosivity value (R), starting with a tilled soil, and letting it evolve with natural rain events. We studied the evolution of the bulk values of depression storage and surface detention at the interrill scale, considering that these bulk values may provide useful input to hillslope models for which the size of the single grid cell corresponds to the size of our entire molds. We related the hydraulic properties to R, assuming that R would help explain the change in hydraulic parameters of micro-topographies over time. We found a general decrease of maximum depression storage and steady state surface detention with R. We finally parametrized surface detention by an effective friction factor, using a classical equation for an equivalent laminar sheet flow. A simple model to compute the surface detention as a function of the discharge per unit width and the cumulative rainfall erosivity was proposed.

International audience; Founded in 1886, the Archaeological Museum of the Faculty of Letters in Bordeaux is the most visible manifestation of the new perception of sculpture and antique architecture by Archaeologists and, largely, of the transformation of university teaching at the end of the 19th century. The "rediscovery" of this museum is the opportunity to return to the genesis of the university collections and to deliver an initial analysis of existing funds today.; La fondation du Musée archéologique de la faculté de lettres de Bordeaux en 1886 est la manifestation la plus visible de la nouvelle perception de la sculpture et de l’architecture antiques par les archéologues et, d’une manière générale, de la transformation des enseignements universitaires à la fin du XIXe siècle. La « redécouverte » de ce musée est l’occasion de revenir sur la genèse des collections universitaires et de livrer une première analyse des fonds aujourd’hui existants.

International audience; Founded in 1886, the Archaeological Museum of the Faculty of Letters in Bordeaux is the most visible manifestation of the new perception of sculpture and antique architecture by Archaeologists and, largely, of the transformation of university teaching at the end of the 19th century. The "rediscovery" of this museum is the opportunity to return to the genesis of the university collections and to deliver an initial analysis of existing funds today.; La fondation du Musée archéologique de la faculté de lettres de Bordeaux en 1886 est la manifestation la plus visible de la nouvelle perception de la sculpture et de l’architecture antiques par les archéologues et, d’une manière générale, de la transformation des enseignements universitaires à la fin du XIXe siècle. La « redécouverte » de ce musée est l’occasion de revenir sur la genèse des collections universitaires et de livrer une première analyse des fonds aujourd’hui existants.

Apres un bref historique du musee des Monuments francais, l’auteur montre – a travers une presentation des differents dispositifs museographiques choisis – comment celui-ci, desormais compose des galeries des moulages, des peintures et vitraux et de l’architecture moderne et contemporaine, s’integre dans la toute nouvelle Cite de l’Architecture et du Patrimoine.

O texto aborda as inter-relações do corpo, da forma e da matéria têxtil no contexto da produção de moda, ressaltando o uso da técnica da Moulage como instrumento de criação e inovação formal. Traçam-se paralelos entre os processos de criação no campo da moda e das artes por meio da aproximação teórica de ambas as áreas, explorando, por fim, as técnicas de modelagem e seu emprego na criação dos produtos de moda.

Vegetal inclusions embedded in clayey materials (cob, ceramic, mudbrick) are investigated by using impregnation of the porous material with a fluorescent polymer. The micro-casting of the porosity is exploited by following two ways. Sections of the treated samples are examined under UV-light, showing vegetal structures amenable to a botanical identification and quantification. Moreover, micro-casts embedded in the mineral matrix have been successfully sorted. This new application is a tool to study archaeological samples previously not amenable to the work of archaeobotanists and to expand their field of investigation., L'étude des inclusions de végétaux dans des matériaux argileux est envisagée grâce à une nouvelle application d'une technique d'imprégnation des matériaux avec un polymère fluorescent.On illustre ici la possibilité d'exploiter les vides et empreintes laissés par les végétaux à l'intérieur d'un tesson et non seulement à sa surface. Les images de ces micro- moulages de végétaux, observés soit sur une section soit en trois dimensions, montrent qu'une détermination botanique est possible.Cette application,en cours de perfectionnement, est destinée à l'étude de matériaux archéologiques variés (poterie dégraissée au végétal,matériaux de construction) et devrait être utile aux archéobotanistes, leur fournissant une nouvelle source de matériel à exploiter.

Reflet d’une collaboration entre des institutions museales, une entreprise privee, le CNRS et quelques amateurs passionnes, l’experience presentee ici apparait en tout point exemplaire et caracteristique des apports de la technique du moulage dans les domaines scientifique et pedagogique.

International audience; Le but des travaux ici présentés est de fabriquer des éléments optiques diffractifs (EODs) performants, selon un procédé simple à mettre en œuvre et pour un coût raisonnable. Ces EODs doivent répondre aux besoins actuels des industriels qui pourraient utiliser ces composants. En plus de leur fonction optique à réaliser, leurs spécifications s’expriment aussi en termes de propriétés optiques (efficacité de diffraction, résistance au flux laser, transparence), mécaniques (rigidité, dureté), thermiques (stabilité) et chimiques (vieillissement, résistance aux agressions chimiques liées au milieu environnant) qui sont définies par les conditions d’utilisation. Le choix et la mise en forme des matériaux ici choisis sont alors primordiaux.

International audience; Les nombreuses dénominations des ciments naturels, parfois trompeuses et la quasi-disparition de leur production au début du XXe siècle au profit des ciments artificiels, les ont écartés de l’histoire des matériaux, d’autant qu’une fois en place, il est impossible de ne pas les confondre avec le stucco, les moulages d’argile ou les pierres de taille, donc de les distinguer ; a fortiori s’ils sont peints. Ils ont joué cependant un rôle primordial dans l’histoire de l’architecture, rôle que nous redécouvrons grâce, d’une part, à la recherche architecturale qui s’intéresse désormais aux matériaux, notamment aux techniques industrielles autres que les inventions des architectes, d’autre part, aux campagnes de ravalement et aux travaux de restauration des grandes villes européennes qui permettent des études sur le sujet.

International audience

International audience; Micro-topography, in interaction with the global slope, directs and triggers the runoff. By concentring the surface water fluxes, it can promote the development of eroded pathways, while, by delimiting depressions where water accumulates, it can favour sedimentation. If we want to study this, it is necessary to isolate, among all the different processes that interact with the runoff, the impact of the micro-topography only. Therefore we developed a fast and cheap in-situ moulding method (+/- 50 euros/m2) that combines alginic acid, gypsium and a lacquer. It creates stable, and impermeable artificial micro-topographies that reproduce real fields situations and that can be submitted to various laboratory rain and erosion simulations. Both surface of a specific soil and its artificial reproduction have been measured with a laser scanner in order to assess the quality of the moulding method, analyzing: the surface heights, the surface storage, the spatial correlation (semi-variogram and bivariate entropy), the connectivity properties (N-direct connectivity, Euler number, percolation probability, connectivity function and relative surface connection function) and the runoff dynamics. Since real soil micro-topographies evolve with their exposure to rain events, we made several moulds of a small bare field plot during a rain season and analyze the evolution of the above cited properties, especially the runoff dynamics. This cheap technique already provides important metrics of runoff triggering to be integrated in hillslope runoff-erosion models. It could allow one, in the future, to create a collection of micro-topographical reproductions to study the combined actions of the rain and the agriculture practices on the microtopographical properties. Under laboratory conditions, the spatial variation of water velocity could be studied on those artificial micro-topographies to better model the erosion-deposition processes.

The creation of fashion products demands, every time a larger involvement from the designers in all stages of the fashion chain, from the analysis of markets, to the spinning, weaving, production and distribution. The moulage technique opens a very vast field of possibilities in the creation of new products, with totally innovative and differentiated modelling. Methodological problems come up due to the way of making industrial garments: the creation on the three-dimensional body shape, its transposition for two-dimensional patterns, the evolution for the several sizes (the grading), the development of efficient technical records, the planning of the cut room and use of the fabrics with efficiency, and the choice of right technology for sewing at the industrial scale. In this communication an approach to a new fashion design methodology which applies the draping technique is presented. This methodology is based upon the dynamic between conceptual design, detailed design and design research, integrated in such a way as to generate new product creation concepts, thus increasing their added value., Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)

International audience; This article aims to enlight the decisive role played by the cultural factors when choosing building methods. Furthermore, it shows that in the field of earth construction, leaving modelling for moulding is absolutely not an universal need.; L'objectif de cette contribution est de mettre en relief le rôle déterminant des facteurs culturels dans les choix constructifs . Elle montre en outre, dans le domaine de la construction en terre crue, que le passage du modelage au moulage n'est pas ressenti comme un progrès ou une nécessité par tous les peuples.

Analisando a indústria do vestuário, percebe-se que a principal fonte de resíduos provém das sobras de tecido resultantes do processo de corte. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho aborda a utilização da modelagem tridimensional como instrumento auxiliar para a criação de um produto que utilize 100% do tecido, visando o total aproveitamento da matéria-prima sem gerar retraços. Manipulando o material através de dobras, pregas, franzidos, e poucas costuras, busca-se o ajuste das peças ao corpo eliminando os recortes. Como a moda possui ciclos muito rápidos, a obsolescência dos produtos é muito grande, por esse motivo propõe-se também a reutilização da matéria-prima através da transformação das peças têxteis vestíveis em acessórios, evitando o descarte do material e aumentando sua vida útil. A embalagem é produzida em tecido, por ser mais resistente, e tem como referência a furoshiki, quadrado de tecido que através de dobras e amarrações se transforma em uma sacola utilizada pelos japoneses para transportar objetos. Assim, as embalagens são produzidas sem gerar retraços de tecido e ainda podem ser utilizadas como bolsas evitando seu descarte.

Les technologies modernes en optique interviennent de plus en plus dans les méthodes de conservation et de restauration des œuvres d’art. L’investigation, la diffusion et l’accessibilité du Patrimoine se trouvent dotés de nouveaux moyens pour remplir leurs missions.Les exemples de cet article tentent d’illustrer les potentialités des outils développés par la société Deios et appliqués à des cas concrets.New Optical technologies are more and more often used in methods of conservation and restoration of works of art. Investigation, broadcasting and accessibility to Cultural Heritage have now new systems to complete their missions. The following examples will try to illustrate potentialities of the devices developed by Deios. They are coming from real applications.

Based upon a servey of the Université libre de Bruxelles medecine museum anatomical waxes collection, my Phd aims to study in an historical context the anatomical waxes fron the 18th Century to the 20th Century. We demonstrated who the didactical items created by sculpture ways appeared throw their successif uses from medical teaching to the prevention of the diseases of the time in the anatomical fairground attractions.Sur base d'une étude de la collection des cires anatomiques du musée de la médecine d'Erasme, ma thèse de doctorat vise à l'étude contextuelle de la production de cires anatomiques depuis la fin du 18e siècle jusqu'au 20e siècle. Nous avons montré comment ses objets didactiques, produits par des moyens sculpturaux, ont été perçu à travers leurs usages successifs depuis l'enseignement médicale jusqu'à la prévention sociale des maladies d'époque, au sein des musées anatomiques forains., Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-01-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:57:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_pm_me_bauru.pdf: 907859 bytes, checksum: b98682457254c5034fde8ac03ff92b52 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) A presente pesquisa verifica a eficiência da modelagem tridimensional, moulage, como instrumento de otimização do processo de desenvolvimento do produto de moda/vestuário. Para tanto, enfoca as etapas de criação e materialização nas quais a referida técnica encontra-se inserida, onde constata a dicotomia entre as áreas de criação e modelagem. Aborda as qualidades técnicas, construtivas, ergonômicas e estéticas envolvidas no projeto da modelagem do produto, enfatizando os aspectos de conforto, caimento e inovação formal. De abordagem qualitativa, tem seus dados coletados por meio de observações sistemáticas, no âmbito acadêmico, numa variedade de situações-problemas, em momentos diversos, com variadas fontes de informação - cenários criados para reproduzir, considerando as devidas proporções e especificidades - situações industriais análogas. Estabelece as seguintes linhas guias de observação: criar e materializar; materializar a criação do outro; a criação constitui-se na própria materialização. Indicadores previstos na estruturação da pesquisa - adequação dimensional, vestibilidade, inovação formal, tempo, retrabalho, consumo de matéria-prima, soluções de montagem - conduzem aos resultados, numa comparação dos dados obtidos quando a técnica da modelagem tridimensional encontra-se ou não inserida no processo de desenvolvimento do produto de moda. É constatada a eficiência da técnica no processo. The purpose of this research is to verify the efficiency of the three-dimensional modeling, draping, as a way to achieve a better development of the fashion/clothing products. For that, it focus the creation and the materialization steps, in which the draping technique is found, where is found a dichotomy between the creation and the modeling areas. It also approaches the technical, constructive, ergonomic and esthetic qualities involved on the modeling project, emphasizing the comfort, adjustment and innovation of the shape. This qualitative research got the data collection by methodological academic observation, with a variety of problem situations, in different moments with distinctive information sources - created reproduction scenes, considering the propositions and specialties - such as industrial situations. It establishes the following observation guide: to create and materialize; to materialize the other s creation; the creation constitutes in the materialization itself. The indicators used in this research are the dimensional fitness, adjustment, innovation of the shape, time, rework, material raw, assembling solutions. They conduct to the findings, comparing obtained data when the three-dimensional modeling is found in development of the fashion/clothing products and it proves the efficiency of the technique in the process.

Biography of André Richir (1887-1962), one of the most famous anatomical moulders of the 20th Century, including information on his family, his training, his professional activities and his career at the Alfort veterinary school. An inventory of his works and a description of the techniques that he used, namely for anatomic mouldings., Biographie d’André Richir (1887-1962), l’un des plus grands mouleurs anatomiques du XXe siècle, comportant des informations sur sa famille, sa formation, ses activités professionnelles et sa carrière à l’Ecole vétérinaire d’Alfort. Inventaire de ses œuvres et descriptions des techniques qu’il employait, notamment pour les moulages anatomiques.

International audience; Vegetal inclusions embedded in clayey materials (cob, ceramic, mudbrick) are investigated by using impregnation of the porous material with a fluorescent polymer. The micro-casting of the porosity is exploited by following two ways. Sections of the treated samples are examined under UV-light, showing vegetal structures amenable to a botanical identification and quantification. Moreover, micro-casts embedded in the mineral matrix have been successfully sorted. This new application is a tool to study archaeological samples previously not amenable to the work of archaeobotanists and to expand their field of investigation.; L'étude des inclusions de végétaux dans des matériaux argileux est envisagée grâce à une nouvelle application d'une technique d'imprégnation des matériaux avec un polymère fluorescent.On illustre ici la possibilité d'exploiter les vides et empreintes laissés par les végétaux à l'intérieur d'un tesson et non seulement à sa surface. Les images de ces micro- moulages de végétaux, observés soit sur une section soit en trois dimensions, montrent qu'une détermination botanique est possible.Cette application,en cours de perfectionnement, est destinée à l'étude de matériaux archéologiques variés (poterie dégraissée au végétal,matériaux de construction) et devrait être utile aux archéobotanistes, leur fournissant une nouvelle source de matériel à exploiter.

Životopis Yves Saint Laurenta i osnovne karakteristike njegovog stvaralaštva. Razrada ideje na temelju vojnog stila koji je lansirao sam kreator '70.-tih godina 20.st. Elementi vojnog stila-military look u različitim odjevnim predmetima(kaputima, hlačnim kompletima i sl.). Ispitivanje osnovne linije odabranog modela tehnikom moulage u svilenom papiru i modeliranje kroja 1:1 što je posljedica dobivanja brzog prototipa. Likovno projektiranje kolekcije ženske odjeće za jesen-zimu na temelju ispitanog kroja, konstrukcijska priprema odjeće i tehnološki procesi proizvodnje odjeće. U diplomskom radu nalaze se crteži likovnih projekata odjeće i fotografije modela, na krojačkoj lutki, u tehnici moulagea i modeliranja kroja i dodatna mapa modnih ilustracija na zadanu temu.

International audience; "In Oriental Asia, during the 4th±3rd millennium BC, clay vessels were not wheel-thrown but wheel-shaped. This technique, which combines coiling and wheel-shaping, can be achieved by four methods. These methods are not constrained by technical factors. They may represent cultural behaviour and their identification is potentially an aid towards understanding the historical reasons for the adoption of the wheel. An experimental study was designed to seek and define diagnostic surface features and microfabrics. Comparisons of the results obtained on the experimental materials with a selection of archaeological material have revealed that a variety of wheel-fashioning methods were practised in the past. Contrary to previous conclusions, the choice of these methods evidenced on ancient ceramics did not respond to techno-economic factors such as mass production. The debate concerning the adoption of the wheel in Asia during the 4th±3rd millennium BC must therefore be continued." (source éditeur)