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Background: Platelets play an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is considered as biological marker of platelets activity and function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate MPV values and its possible correlation with arterial stiffness and subclinical myocardial damage, in normal glucose tolerance patients (NGT), in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients and in individuals with pre-diabetes. Methods: We enrolled 400 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. All patients underwent an Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT). Arterial stiffness (AS) was evaluated with the measurement of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation pressure (AP) and augmentation index (AI). Echocardiographic recordings were performed using an E-95 Pro ultrasound system. Results: Among groups there was an increase in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (p < 0.0001), fasting plasma insulin (FPI) (p < 0.0001), high sensitivity c reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels (p < 0.0001) and a decrease in renal function as demonstrated by e-GFR values (p < 0.0001). From the NGT group to the T2DM group there was a rise in MPV value (p < 0.0001). Moreover, in the evaluation of arterial stiffness and subclinical myocardial damage, MPV showed a positive correlation with these parameters. Conclusions: In the present study we highlighted that MPV is significantly increased, not only in newly diagnosed T2DM patients, but also in early stage of diabetes, indicating that subjects with pre-diabetes present increased platelets reactivity. Moreover, our results suggest that MPV is associated with increased arterial stiffness and subclinical myocardial damage, indicating MPV as new marker of CV risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, our objective was to evaluate mean platelet volume (MPV), an indirect marker of platelet activation, in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and assess the effect of OSA treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on MPV. Materials and Methods: In this study, records of consecutive patients who underwent polysomnographic evaluation for OSA symptoms in the Sleep Disorders Laboratory during a one-year period were reviewed retrospectively. Patients who had both complete blood count and MPV measurements were included in the study. Results: A total of 158 patients, including 51 females (32.3%) and 107 males (67.7%), were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 51±13 (min-18, max-82) years. OSA was detected in 74.1% (117/158) of the patients. It was determined that as the severity of OSA increased, hemoglobin and hematocrit values increased significantly. There was no significant difference in platelet count according to the presence and severity of OSA. The MPV was significantly lower in severe OSA cases compared to those without OSA and mild OSA cases. A negative correlation was observed between MPV and the apnea-hypopnea index, desaturation index, and the amount of oxygen saturation below 90% during sleep. There was no significant difference in median erythrocyte and thrombocyte counts, hematocrit percentage and hemoglobin values before and after treatment in OSA patients who used CPAP therapy. However, a significant decrease in MPV was observed after OSA treatment compared to pre-treatment. (p=0.021). Conclusions: The results of the study do not support an increase in MPV and hence platelet activation in severe OSA patients compared with those without OSA. However, the results suggest that one month of CPAP treatment reduces MPV and thus platelet activation in severe OSA patients. Further controlled, prospective studies including treatment outcomes are needed on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a lack of noninvasive diagnostic methods for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the severe condition of metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Platelet activation, evaluated through certain related parameters, is associated with liver disease and inflammation, but previous results are inconclusive. Aim: To investigate the potential utility of platelet‐related indices as noninvasive diagnostic markers for the detection and prediction of MASLD, focusing on NASH. Results: We found that mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were increased in the severe and morbidly obese (SMO) group compared to the normal weight (NW) group. We found decreased levels of MPV in steatosis and NASH patients. MPV and PCT values were decreased in the presence of mild liver inflammation. Platelet count (PLA) and PCT values were lower in the presence of ballooning. We obtained an area under the ROC curve of 0.84 using MPV and three other variables to predict MASLD. Conclusions: Some platelet‐related indices vary depending on liver condition. Here, we reported decreased MPV in MASLD presence. Moreover, we presented for the first time a predictive model using MPV, ALT levels and the presence of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome to predict MASLD in obese women. Also, MPV is closely related to early liver inflammation in NASH, and PLA and PCT are related to hepatic ballooning. These indices could be widely used for the early detection of NASH since they are usually determined in routine laboratory tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Premature adrenarche (PA) has been associated with metabolic and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and, thus, with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in later life. Mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/ lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are parameters used to show inflammation. This study planned to evaluate systemic inflammation in children with PA using MPV, NLR, and PLR. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 female patients diagnosed with PA and 40 healthy female individuals as a control group. The patient and control groups’ MPV, NLR, and PLR values were compared. Results: The mean age of the PA group was 7.18±0.66 years, and the mean age of the control group was 7.09±1.08 years. The mean MPV and platelet distribution width (PDW) values in the PA group were significantly higher than those in the control group (10.25±0.87 vs 9.52±0.79, p<0.001 and 15.43±1.31 vs 14.35±1.84, p=0.04, respectively). However, in the PA group, NLR and PLR were not significantly different from the values in the control group (p>0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the MPV [odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.331 (0.174-0.630); p=0.001], and PDW [OR; 95%: CI: 0.612 (0.425-0.884); p=0.008] were associated with PA in the patient group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that PA patients had significantly higher MPV levels and PDW than the healthy controls. Hence, recognition of early markers in adolescence might reveal primary pathogenetic alterations predictive of the later development of PCOS and/or metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete blood count (CBC) dynamics was investigated in long-tailed ground squirrels Urocitellus undulatus (n = 100) during different periods of their annual activity. While blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), and red blood cell (RBC) counts were determined in summer (normothermia, June–July), fall (preparatory period, October), winter torpor (hypothermia, December–February) and winter active (euthermia, interbout arousals, December–February) periods. In fall, PLT and WBC counts increased by ~40% compared to summer. Under winter torpor, thrombocytosis and leukocytosis were replaced by extreme thrombocytopenia (↓ ~90%), as well as leukopenia in all WBC subpopulations (↓ ~80%). During brief interbout arousals, PLT and WBC counts reached the summer values except for a slightly increased MPV (mean platelet volume). As fall approached, there was an insignificant erythrocytosis (↑ ~10%), which together with changes in other indices could have suggested a mild fall-time hypoxia. During winter torpid and euthermic periods, RBC counts were almost indistinguishable from the summer control values, however, atypical RBC forms occurred both in the fall preparatory period and during hibernation itself. The results are discussed in the context of blood cell adaptation to harsh conditions of hibernation in ground squirrels, and can be useful in studying the adaptive abilities of homoeotherms, including humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) is a serious zoonotic infection that affects humans. It may have a tumor-like appearance at times. Percutaneous treatment of HAE patients is extremely relaxing for them. HAE is a significant human zoonotic infection caused by the fox tapeworm Echinococcus Multilocularis larvae. It possesses the characteristics of an invasive tumor-like lesion due to its infiltrative growth pattern and protracted incubation period. The disease is endemic over central Europe, Asia, and North America. Objective: To determine the clinical study and Surgical management of alveolar Echinococcosis (AE). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, P.R China, which was performed between September 2018 and December 2023. The total number of patients in our study was 142. The number of Male patients in our study was 67 and female patients were 75. In 142 consecutive patients who underwent for blood tests and surgical Procedures. We took preoperative and postoperative blood tests for all operated patients. I take PNM staging for all patients and we took a brief history from all patients. Data was tabulated and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Results: A total of 142 patients were enrolled with a mean±SD age of 37.32±13.90. The mean±SD of Preoperative WBC was 6.85±1.76. The mean±SD of Preoperative NE was 6.85±1.76. The mean±SD of Preoperative HB was 1.33.7±23.5. The mean±SD of Preoperative Platelets was 288.21±94.1. The mean±SD of the frequency of PNM staging P1N0M0 was 21 and its percentage was 14.8. The frequency of PNM staging P2N0M0 was 59 and its percentage was 41.5. The frequency of PNM staging P3N0M0 was 29 and its percentage was 20.4. The frequency of PNM staging P4N0M0 was 33 and its percentage was 23.2. The frequency of Jaundice before surgery was 19 and its percentage was 13.4. The frequency of Laparoscopic / Laparotomy in abdominal dissection was 119 and its percentage was 83.8. The frequency of laparoscopy was 23 and its percentage was 16.2. In all cases, P-value was <0.05. Conclusion: Hepatic resection is considered safe and the only curative treatment for Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE), when the lesion can be removed completely. The advantages of this technique for AE treatment need to be compared further with the classical open approach. Laparoscopy appears as a feasible and safe approach for patients with PNM stages alveolar echinococcosis without impact on early disease recurrence. Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis will improve the treatment results by avoiding non-radical surgery associated with the development of complications after further radical surgical treatment. Liver resection remains the gold standard for AE. In our study females were more as compared to males. PNM staging of P2N0M0 patients was more in our study as compared to other stages. In our study, there was no major complication noted after the surgical procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platelets are central elements of hemostasis and also play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis in coronavirus disease 2019. This study was planned to investigate the effects of different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant spike protein variants on platelet morphology and activation. Citrated whole blood collected from ostensibly healthy subjects was challenged with saline (control sample) and with 2 and 20 ng/mL final concentration of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein of Ancestral, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants. Platelet count was found to be decreased with all SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein variants and concentrations tested, achieving the lowest values with 20 ng/mL Delta recombinant spike protein. The mean platelet volume increased in all samples irrespective of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein variants and concentrations tested, but especially using Delta and Alpha recombinant spike proteins. The values of both platelet function analyzer-200 collagen-adenosine diphosphate and collagen-epinephrine increased in all samples irrespective of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein variants and concentrations tested, and thus reflecting platelet exhaustion, and displaying again higher increases with Delta and Alpha recombinant spike proteins. Most samples where SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike proteins were added were flagged as containing platelet clumps. Morphological analysis revealed the presence of a considerable number of activated platelets, platelet clumps, platelet-monocyte, and platelet-neutrophils aggregates, especially in samples spiked with Alpha and Delta recombinant spike proteins at 20 ng/mL. These results provide support to the evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is capable of activating platelets through its spike protein, though such effect varies depending on different spike protein variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Incorporating the concepts of hyperviscosity, platelet hyperactivity, and age-related risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), a new score has been put forward-the Mean platelet volume-Age-total Protein-Haematocrit (MAPH) score, which can determine the increased thrombotic tendency associated with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). The MAPH score includes parameters such as Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), age, total protein, and haematocrit. Researchers have found that a high MAPH score is associated with a high thrombus burden in cases with STEMI and Non ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI). However, the association between MAPH score and ACS is undefined. Aim: To assess the role of MAPH score in predicting ACS. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Mangalore, Karnataka, India for six months. The study included 100 clinically diagnosed cases of ACS and 100 healthy controls. The demographic data, MPV, total protein, and haematocrit values of all cases and controls were collected and tabulated, and statistical analysis was performed. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed on each MAPH score parameter, and cutoff values for each parameter were obtained based on the Youden index. After calculating the MAPH score of cases and controls, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the role of the MAPH score as an independent predictor of ACS. Results: A statistically significant increase in MPV (p-value =0.017) and total protein (p-value<0.001) was noted among the cases. The calculated cut-off values for MPV, age, total protein, and haematocrit were 8.4 fL, 54 years, 6.8 g/dL, and 49.1%, respectively. A statistically significant increase in the MAPH score was noted among the cases compared to the controls. Finally, multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the MAPH score as an independent predictor of ACS. Conclusion: This was the first study investigating the association between MAPH scores in patients with ACS. The MAPH score was identified as an independent predictor of ACS and can be used as a screening tool to predict and diagnose the condition in primary healthcare settings. This helps to ensure early coronary revascularisation and reduce Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)- related mortality and morbidity to a greater extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The pathophysiology of uterine scar dehiscence is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative hemogram parameters can be used as predictive markers of uterine scar dehiscence, thus improving prediction and contributing to management of repeat Cesarean section. Material and Methods: Between 2015 and 2020, 36670 (47.6%) cesarean sections were delivered in our hospital and 16943 of them had a previous Cesarean section. All cases of uterine scar rupture detected during Cesarean section were identified, and a total of 40 patients were included after excluding cases with impairment of the systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Controls consisted of 40 randomly selected, ageand body mass index (BMI)-matched patients, and the groups were compared. Results: Age, BMI, and gravidity were similar (p>0.05). Although the gestational week and Apgar scores were similar between the groups (p>0.05), the birth weight amongst controls was significantly higher than the uterine dehiscence group (p=0.028). Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and other hemogram values were similar in both groups (p>0.05). Mean platelet volume (MPV) in the control group was significantly higher than in the uterine rupture group (p=0.049). Regression analysis found no significant result between hemogram parameters, birth weight, and dehiscence. Conclusion: In this study, which set out to identify predictors of the risk of uterine scar dehiscence with SIR parameters, only the MPV value was lower in the dehiscence group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and platelet count are routinely used to evaluate response to treatment and discontinuation of treatment in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). This study aimed to evaluate the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in immune TTP (iTTP) as markers of treatment response. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study included patients diagnosed with iTTP with severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. We studied the correlations of MPV and PDW values with platelet count, LDH, total bilirubin hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume, which are used to evaluate the response to total plasma exchange (TPE) or relapse in iTTP. The study variables were recorded at the time of diagnosis, 1st week of TPE treatment, and the time of the last TPE. The correlation analyses were performed between the values before the initial TPE, and after the first week and last TPE. Results: The study included 28 patients, 20 females with iTTP [median age (minimum-maximum): 45 (23-74) years]. MPV correlated positively with LDH (r=0.533, p=0.002) and negatively with hematocrit (r=-0.445, p=0.002) and platelet count (r=-0.560, p=0.002). PDW also correlated positively with LDH (r=0.339, p=0.008) and negatively with hematocrit (r=-0.244, p=0.032) and platelet count (r=-0.285, p=0.022). Conclusions: The results showed that MPV and PDW correlated with LDH and platelet count, which are currently used to evaluate the response to treatment in iTTP. Changes in MPV and PDW may serve as a surrogate of treatment response in these patients as an indicator of response to plasmapheresis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The simplified thrombo-inflammatory score (sTIPS) has recently emerged as a novel prognostic score. Hence, we investigated the prognostic value of sTIPS for predicting long-term mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Methods: A total of 3741 patients were analyzed in this study. The sTIPS was calculated based on the white blood cell count (WBC) and the mean platelet volume to platelet count (MPV/PC) ratio at admission. The mean follow-up time was 22.75 months. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between the sTIPS and all-cause mortality (ACM). Results: In the whole study population, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients in both the sTIPS 2 and sTIPS 1 groups had significantly increased risk of ACM as compared with patients in the sTIPS 0 group (hazard ratio [HR]=1.706, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.405– 2.072, P< 0.001 and HR = 1.431, 95% CI 1.270– 1.612, P< 0.001). The same significant trend was observed in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients (sTIPS1 vs sTIPS0: HR = 1.366, 95% CI 1.100– 1.697, P = 0.005; sTIPS2 vs sTIPS0: HR = 1.995, 95% CI 1.460– 2.725, P< 0.001). However, only sTIPS 1 group had a significantly increased the risk of ACM compared to the sTIPS 0 group among patients with HFmrEF (sTIPS1 vs sTIPS0: HR = 1.648, 95% CI 1.238– 2.194, P = 0.001) and HFrEF (sTIPS1 vs sTIPS0: HR = 1.322, 95% CI 1.021– 1.712, P = 0.035). Conclusion: sTIPS is useful in predicting risk for long-term mortality in patients with HF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: One of the most important steps in perioperative bleeding management is the predetermination of the patient at risk. Even if there is no hemostatic abnormality in vertebral surgery, which is a major surgery, severe bleeding can be encountered and many perioperative blood transfusions might be required. In this study; we investigated the effectiveness of preoperative mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume lymphocyte count ratio (MPVLR), and platelet count to lymphocyte count ratio (PLR) values in predicting the amount of intraoperative bleeding in patients who will undergo vertebral surgery. Method: Preoperative MPV, PDW, PCT, MPVLR, PLR values and demographic data such as gender, age, ASA score and body mass index (BMI) were recorded in patients scheduled for vertebral surgery in the neurosurgery clinic. In addition, the duration of surgery, the number of vertebral transpedicular screwing and laminectomy levels as surgical procedure were recorded. The amount of intraoperative bleeding was obtained by calculating the amount of blood accumulated in the aspirator and the amount of blood in the sponges during the operation. Results: Of the 63 patients included in the study, 60.3% (n=38) were female and 39.7% (n=25) were male. The mean age of the patients was 54.7 ± 11 years and the mean BMI was 29.6 ± 4.6. No correlation was found between the amount of bleeding and gender, age, MPV, PDW, PCT, MPVLR, or PLR values. A significantly high correlation was found between amount of bleeding and BMI, duration of surgery, and the number of transpedicular screwing segments. Conclusion: Platelet markers do not appear to have an effect on the amount of bleeding. However; as the BMI increases, the duration of surgery prolongs and the number of transpedicular screw segments increases for which the amount of bleeding increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 11-month-old intact male Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) dog was presented at the Teaching Hospital of National Chung Hsin University (NCHU-VMTH) due to thrombocytopenia without relevant clinical signs and no significant improvement after medication treatment. As per the complete blood profile, there was significant thrombocytopenia (platelet count 1– 3 1 × 1 0 3 / μ L) with mean platelet volume (MPV) ranging from 20.3 to 25.7 fl. Tests for Babesia canis, B. gibsoni, Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum yielded negative results. Despite treatment with antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs, the dog's condition did not improve. The dog's platelet morphology and absence of symptoms raised the suspicion of inherited macrothrombocytopenia. Genomic DNA sequencing analysis of the β 1-tubulin gene revealed a single-point mutation, specifically c.745 G>A. This genetic analysis confirmed the presence of a β 1-tubulin mutation, marking the first reported case of such a mutation in a CKCS in Taiwan. Despite the diagnosis of this condition, both partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and active partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were within normal ranges before neutering. When diagnosing the causes of thrombocytopenia in young patients, especially when there are no related clinical signs, it is crucial to consider prioritizing inherited macrothrombocytopenia, then thrombocytopenia secondary to parasite infection, or immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT) to minimize unnecessary medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of morphological and biochemical blood indices facilitates assessment of the health and welfare of horses, their nutrient demand, the effects of training already undertaken, and the horses' suitability for exercise. Identification of the season-dependent components and the effects of sex and exercise on changes in frequently referenced haematological and biochemical parameters was the main goal of the current study. The blood morphology of 21 healthy adult Shetland ponies (11 mares and 10 stallions) aged 6.5 ± 1.4 years from the central Pomeranian region in Poland was analysed. Blood samples were taken once per season for one year. No statistically significant season-dependent differences were found in the blood morphology parameters in either mares or stallions before or after exercise. Beta-coefficient results revealed the strength and type of the relationship of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and granulocyte count (GRA) with the season, of red blood cell count (RBC), haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and mean platelet volume with the sex, and of RDW, white blood cell count, GRA and RBC with the exercise factor. Biomarkers demonstrating the relationship between aerobic and anaerobic levels of energy metabolism in the blood did not show any sex dependency in regression analysis. The sex-independence of energy metabolism biomarkers may indicate the universality of these parameters. Both seasonality itself and its combination with the exercise factor took part in the formation of effective adaptive reactions for maintenance of morphological blood indices in the ponies during exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Platelets are pivotal players in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia, with observed lower counts in affected individuals compared to normotensive counterparts. Despite advancements, the elusive cause of pre-eclampsia persists, motivating intense global efforts to identify reliable predictors. The currently recommended predictors of pre-eclampsia are not readily available in many resource-limited regions like Nigeria. This cohort study explores the potential of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) as predictive markers of early-onset pre-eclampsia. Both platelet indices are components of the full blood count, a widely available routine test in pregnancy. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 648 healthy pregnant women attending antenatal care at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital and General Hospital Ifako-Ijaiye, Lagos, were recruited between 14-18weeks gestational age. Platelet count (PC), MPV and PDW were measured from their venous blood at recruitment. Participants were monitored until 34weeks of gestation, focusing on the occurrence of early-onset preeclampsia as the outcome of interest. Individuals with chronic medical conditions were excluded from the study. Data analysis involved t-test, Chi-Square and Mann–Whitney U tests, with statistical significance set at a confidence level of 95% and p < 0.05. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were determined using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Results: The incidence of early-onset pre-eclampsia in the study was 5.9%. Women who later developed pre-eclampsia had higher median MPV and PDW at 14-18weeks (10.8 fl. and 24.8 fl.) compared to normotensive women (8.1 fl. and 13.3 fl.)(p < 0.001). The median PC was lower in pre-eclamptics (190 × 103/µl) compared to normotensives(264 × 103/µl)(p < 0.001). Using Youden's test, cut-off values identified: PC < 211.5 × 103/µl, MPV > 9.4 fl., and PDW > 21.3 fl., predicted early-onset pre-eclampsia with 96.6% sensitivity and 65.6% specificity for PC; 79.3% sensitivity and 97.7% specificity for PDW; and 82.8% sensitivity and 96.1% specificity for MPV. Cut-offs of PC < 185 × 103/µl, MPV > 10.7 fl., and PDW > 28.3 fl., predicted severe early-onset pre-eclampsia with 100.0% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity for PC, 100.0% sensitivity and 99.4% specificity for MPV, and 100.0% sensitivity and 99.8% specificity for PDW, with corresponding area under the ROC curves of 0.983, 0.996, and 0.998, respectively. Conclusion: The evaluation of MPV and PDW between 14 and 18 weeks of gestation appears to be a reliable predictor of severe early-onset pre-eclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aimin District, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157000, People's Republic of China, Tel +86-4536602008, Email [email protected] Background: The occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common and severe disease of the digestive system in neonates. This study aims to assess the value of the intestinal tissue oxygen saturation (rintSO2) combined with the levels of procalcitonin (PCT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) in predicting the severity of NEC in preterm infants. Methods: This experiment was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University between January 2017 and July 2022. Premature neonates with NEC were enrolled and divided into mild-moderate NEC group and severe NEC group according to Bell's stage. The general information data, rintSO2 and blood parameters such as the white blood cell (WBC) count, platelet count (PLT), PCT, MPV, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), hemoglobin (Hb), C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 122 patients were enrolled, including 79 mild-moderate NEC and 43 severe NEC. The rintSO2 was lower in severe group than in mild-moderate group (P = 0.042), the PCT and MPV were both higher in severe group than in mild-moderate group (P = 0.048, P = 0.049). The results of logistic regression suggested that the rintSO2 (OR = 1.491, P = 0.003), PCT (OR = 3.071, P = 0.001) and MPV (OR = 4.027, P = 0.015) were independent predictive factors for severity of NEC. The area under the curve (AUC) of the rintSO2 combined with PCT and MPV showed good diagnostic ability in the severity of NEC. Conclusion: The rintSO2 combined with PCT and MPV may be considered as the early biomarkers in the severity of NEC and could help us to diagnose the case early with early treatment with better prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mentha piperita L and/or Thymus vulgaris in ameliorating the hematological changes induced by chronic consumption of oxidized palm oil (OPO) in rats. Methods: Fifty rats were divided into five groups as follows: rats received a basal diet (control), rats received a basal diet sustained with OPO, rats fed OPO and received Mentha piperita extract, rats fed OPO and received Thymus vulgaris extract, and finally rats fed OPO and received both extracts. After 6 weeks, blood samples were withdrawn and a complete blood count test was done. Results: Rats fed a diet containing OPO showed a significant decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), lymphocytes (LYM), and platelets (PLTs) accompanied by a significant increase in white blood cells (WBCs), red cell distribution width (RDW), and mean platelet volume (MPV) compared to rats fed a normal diet. In contrast, rats fed on diet containing OPO and the aqueous extract of either Mentha piperita or Thymus vulgaris showed a significant increase in RBCs, Hct, MCV, Hb, MCH, MCHC, LYM, and PLTs accompanied by a significant decrease in RDW, WBCs, and MPV relative to rats fed on diet containing OPO only. Treatment with a combination of both plants showed better improvements. Conclusion: Both Mentha piperita and Thymus vulgaris ameliorate the hematological changes induced by OPO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the quest for objective biomarkers for psoriasis, the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and mean platelet volume (MPV) have been used to assess disease severity, treatment efficacy, and follow-up in psoriasis, and their relationship with the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) has been investigated. The evaluation of pre-treatment, 3rd and 6th-month levels of NLR, PLR, MPV, and CRP along with PASI scores in psoriasis patients treated with secukinumab, ixekizumab, risankizumab, and guselkumab. In our study, 83 patients aged 18 and over, who were followed up with moderate-severe plaque type psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic arthritis and received secukinumab, ixekizumab, risankizumab, and guselkumab treatment in the chronic skin diseases clinic of Fırat University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between January 2019 and 2023, were evaluated retrospectively. Post-treatment leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, CRP, and PASI values were statistically significantly lower in all biological agent groups and all patients. The post-treatment NLR value was statistically significantly higher in all patients and in the group using ixekizumab. The post-treatment PLR value was statistically significantly higher in the group using guselkumab and ixekizumab and in all patients. The post-treatment MPV was statistically significantly higher in all patients and in the group using secukinumab. No correlation was found between post-treatment PASI and other values (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the post-treatment 6-month values among all biological agent groups. The effects of different drugs on outcomes after treatment were found to be similar (p > 0.05). Our study supports the view that MPV and CRP can be used in patients with psoriasis using IL17 and IL23 inhibitors, while NLR and PLR parameters derived from blood count may not be used to evaluate treatment response, contrary to other studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of isotretinoin (ISO) treatment in patients with acne vulgaris have been discussed in the literature in recent years, no sensitive and specific marker has been found in studies so far. Neutrophil/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) (NHR), lymphocyte/HD L(LHR), platelet/HDL (PHR), and lymphocyte/monocyte (LMR) are new biomarkers related to inflammation. Triglyceride/HDL (TG/HDL), LDL/HDL, and total cholesterol/HDL have been shown to be cardiometabolic risk factors predicting both cardiovascular disease risk and metabolic risk, rather than just a simple dyslipidemia scale. To our knowledge, the relationship between these parameters and ISO treatment has never been studied before. We aimed to evaluate the immuno-inflammatory response of ISO treatment in patients with acne vulgaris with NHR, LHR, PHR, LMR, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, and total cholesterol/HDL parameters. In this study, 153 patients who received oral ISO treatment for at least 3 months with a diagnosis of moderate-severe acne vulgaris were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were given oral isotretinoin at a dose of 0.5–1 mg/kg. Pre and post-treatment leukocyte (WBC), neutrophil (NE), lymphocyte (LY), platelet (PLT), red cell distribution width (RDW), plateletcrit (PCT), neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR), LMR, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, MHR, NHR, LHR, PHR, TG/HDL, total cholesterol/HDL, LDL/HDL parameters were evaluated. It was found that post-treatment WBC and MPV values increased statistically significantly; NLR, neutrophil, and PCT values, on the other hand, decreased significantly (p < 0.05). No statistically significant change was detected in PLR, MLR, LMR, MHR, NHR, LHR, PHR, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, and RDW parameters (p > 0.05). It was determined that post-treatment total cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL, and LDL levels increased statistically significantly; however, the HDL level decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Levels of total cholesterol/HDL, TG/HDL, and LDL/HDL were also found to increase statistically significantly (p < 0.05). Our study suggests that the MPV and NLR ratio as biomarkers can be used as indicators of atherosclerosis-related inflammation due to ISO treatment, but the MHR, NHR, LHR, PHR, MLR, LMR ratios cannot be used. Moreover, we believe that the ratios of TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, and total cholesterol/HDL offer a new contribution as indicators of cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation related to ISO treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundRecent epidemiological studies have indicated a correlation between platelet indices and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), yet the causality between them remains unclear. To explore the causal relationship between four platelet indices and PAH, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment.MethodsSingle-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with platelet-related traits were selected as exposure factors from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including: platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW). Summary-level data for PAH were obtained from the FinnGen study (248 cases and 289,117 controls). Two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to assess the causal relationship between exposure factors and the risk of outcomes. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary MR analysis approach, supplemented by weighted median, mode-based estimation, MR-Egger regression, and the MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) test to detect and adjust for pleiotropy, ensuring the reliability of the results through sensitivity analysis.Results(1) The IVW results from the two-sample MR analysis showed a positive causal association between PLT and the risk of developing PAH [(OR = 1.649, 95%CI: 1.206–2.256, P = 0.0017)], with the sensitivity analysis confirming the robustness of the causal relationship. The MR-Egger intercept analysis did not detect potential pleiotropy (P = 0.879). (2) The MVMR results showed no statistically significant causal relationship between these four markers and the risk of developing PAH. After adjusting for collinearity, a direct positive causal association was observed between PLT and the risk of developing PAH (OR = 1.525, 95%CI: 1.063–2.189, P = 0.022).ConclusionThe positive correlation between PLT and the risk of PAH suggests that correcting elevated platelet levels may reduce the risk of developing PAH.

BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) represents a significant complication following cardiac surgery, associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Despite its clinical importance, there is a lack of universally applicable and reliable methods for the early identification and diagnosis of AKI. This study aimed to examine the incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate the prognosis of patients with AKI.MethodThis retrospective study included adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery at Changhai Hospital between January 7, 2021, and December 31, 2021. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Perioperative data were retrospectively obtained from electronic health records. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for AKI. The 30-day survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences between survival curves for different AKI severity levels were compared using the log-rank test.ResultsPostoperative AKI occurred in 257 patients (29.6%), categorized as stage 1 (179 patients, 20.6%), stage 2 (39 patients, 4.5%), and stage 3 (39 patients, 4.5%). The key independent risk factors for AKI included increased mean platelet volume (MPV) and the volume of intraoperative cryoprecipitate transfusions. The 30-day mortality rate was 3.2%. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a lower survival rate in the AKI group (89.1%) compared to the non-AKI group (100%, P

Objective To explore the clinical significance of platelet-related parameters in children with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods Sixty-eight children with CSU and 68 children without CSU were enrolled. The differences in platelet-related parameters, including platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW), were compared between the two groups. The association of the disease course and disease severity with platelet-related parameters were analyzed in CSU children. Results PLT levels were significantly higher in children with CSU than in that without CSU (t=3.96, P0.05). However, the disease course correlated positively with MPV (r=0.26, P=0.034) and PDW (r=0.35, P=0.004), but not with PLT levels (r=0.02, P=0.875), in children with CSU.PLT levels negatively correlated with MPV (r=-0.41, P

Abstract Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the primary causes of child mortality and morbidity. The primary objective of our research was to assess the value of mean platelet volume (MPV) and D-dimer levels in predicting complicated community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children. Methods This observational retrospective study gathered medical data from the electronic medical records of children diagnosed with CAP who were admitted to the Pediatric Pulmonology Unit between December 2021 and December 2022. Results This study included 154 pediatric patients. Their age at presentation was 4.15 ± 3.60 years. A comparison of patients with complicated CAP and non-complicated CAP revealed a statistically significant decrease of MPV in the complicated CAP group than in the non-complicated group (p = 0.016). The D-dimer level was significantly higher in the complicated CAP 3.42 ± 3.02 µg/ml compared than in the non-complicated 1.63 ± 2.04 µg/ml, p = 0.002). Low MPV and increased D-dimer were powerful indicators of complicated CAP (OR 0.577, p = 0.021, OR 1.419, p = 0.003). Conclusion The current study highlights that low MPV and high D-dimer levels can be useful predictors of pulmonary complications of CAP in children. However, prospective observational studies are needed to evaluate the changes in these predictors during the disease and assess the time needed for normalization.

Background and aim: A potentially fatal side effect of decompensated liver cirrhosis is ascites. One potentially dangerous consequence in cirrhotic individuals with ascites is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Diagnostic paracentesis is a method used to diagnose SBP, although it is an invasive procedure. Numerous noninvasive markers were investigated in SBP diagnosis. Thus, this study aimed to assess the clinical utility of the noninvasive markers for the diagnosis and treatment response in patients with SBP, namely the lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and absolute neutrophil count (ANC). Patients and methods: This study included 162 cirrhotic patients was conducted. They were divided into 2 groups, group I included 101 cirrhotic patients with SBP and group II included 61 cirrhotic patients without SBP. ascitic fluid sampling and complete blood count (CBC) including ANC, LMR and MPV were done. Results: There was a significant difference between the 2 groups as regard ANC and LMR (p

Aim:Inflammation plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DNP). In our study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between the mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), uric acidlymphocyte ratio (UALR), and uric acid level with early diagnosis of DNP and DNP progression.Methods:Our cross-sectional study, which is a type of observational study, included patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and followed in the internal medicine and nephrology clinics of our hospital. Patients were divided into four groups: Group 1: estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and albuminuria 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and albuminuria: 30-300 mcg/day; Group 3: eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and albuminuria >300 mcg/day; and Group 4: eGFR 300 mcg/day. Thirty-six patients were included in group 1, 38 patients in group 2, 35 patients in group 3, and 40 patients in group 4. Mean platelet volume, NLR, PLR, UALR, and uric acid levels were compared among the groups.Results:A total of 149 patients were included in the study; 57.7% were female, and the mean age was 55.2±9.2 years. Significant differences were found among the groups in terms of MPV, PLR, NLR, and UALR (p

This article discusses the establishment of reference intervals for extended red blood cell parameters in a Chinese population using the Mindray BC-6800Plus hematology analyzer. The study aims to provide reference values for these parameters based on data from Chinese adults, as previous reference intervals were mostly established based on research on Western populations. The article also emphasizes the need for standardization in the field due to differences in parameter names and reference intervals between different instruments and manufacturers. The document provides a list of references for various scientific studies related to blood cell parameters and analysis, covering topics such as reference values for red blood cell parameters in the Korean adult population, the feasibility of a mean platelet volume standard, the use of artificial intelligence in leukocyte differentiation, and the evaluation of the reticulocyte production index in the pediatric population. These studies offer valuable information for researchers and healthcare professionals interested in understanding and analyzing blood cell characteristics. [Extracted from the article]

This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of mean platelet volume (MPV) in 50 AKI patients. Blood samples were collected according to KDIGO guidelines, and complete blood counts, including MPV, were analyzed. Significant differences in MPV were observed among patients who recovered with or without dialysis and those who expired. A statistically significant difference was present in between the mean platelet count of patients recovered without dialysis, recovered with dialysis, and the expired patients. The Area Under Curve (AUC) for MPV scores was as high as 0.842. Indicating that in up to 84% of the pairs (death‑survival) the models correctly estimated that the probability of survival was higher than that of death. MPV had an optimum cutoff point of score value <9.60 with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 91.11%. These findings suggested that MPV could serve as a cost‑effective and superior tool to creatinine in early AKI detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To prospectively evaluate the relationship between Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) levels and short-term mortality outcomes in critically ill patients aged ≥85 years. We hypothesized that abnormal MPV levels could offer actionable insights for predicting mortality risk in this highly vulnerable group, thereby improving therapeutic decision-making processes in the ICU setting. This study included patients aged ≥85 years. The participants were categorized into two groups based on their MPV levels at admission: group 1 (MPV≤12.5, normal range) and group 2 (MPV>12.5, elevated).A comprehensive set of variables, including demographic information, clinical indices, biochemical parameters, and respiratory metrics, were recorded. In a cohort of 475 participants, patients were stratified into two distinct groups based on MPV values: group 1 (n=400, 84.2%) and group 2 (n=75, 15.8%). The mean age was 89 (SD=7.7) and 88 (SD=6.2) years for group 1 and group 2, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.035). Significant differences were found in key biochemical parameters such as urea (p=0.045) and sodium (p=0.005). The most profound disparity was observed in platelet counts, with a highly significant p-value [Med-Science 2023; 12(4.000): 1269-73]

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the primary causes of child mortality and morbidity. The primary objective of our research was to assess the value of mean platelet volume (MPV) and D-dimer levels in predicting complicated community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children. Methods: This observational retrospective study gathered medical data from the electronic medical records of children diagnosed with CAP who were admitted to the Pediatric Pulmonology Unit between December 2021 and December 2022. Results: This study included 154 pediatric patients. Their age at presentation was 4.15 ± 3.60 years. A comparison of patients with complicated CAP and non-complicated CAP revealed a statistically significant decrease of MPV in the complicated CAP group than in the non-complicated group (p = 0.016). The D-dimer level was significantly higher in the complicated CAP 3.42 ± 3.02 µg/ml compared than in the non-complicated 1.63 ± 2.04 µg/ml, p = 0.002). Low MPV and increased D-dimer were powerful indicators of complicated CAP (OR 0.577, p = 0.021, OR 1.419, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The current study highlights that low MPV and high D-dimer levels can be useful predictors of pulmonary complications of CAP in children. However, prospective observational studies are needed to evaluate the changes in these predictors during the disease and assess the time needed for normalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significant biological and functional differences between small and large platelets suggested by recent studies could have profound implications for transfusion medicine. However, investigating the relationship between platelet size and function is challenging because separating platelets by size without affecting their properties is difficult. A standard approach is centrifugation, but it inevitably leads to premature activation and aggregation of separated platelets. This paper describes the development and validation of a microfluidic device based on controlled incremental filtration (CIF) for separating platelets by size without the cell damage and usability limitations associated with centrifugation. Platelet samples derived from whole blood were used to evaluate the dependence of the CIF device separation performance on design parameters and flow rate, and to compare the properties of PLT fractions generated by the CIF device with those produced using a centrifugation protocol in a split-sample study. This was accomplished by quantifying the platelet size distribution, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) and platelet activation before and after processing for all input and output samples. The 'large platelet' fractions produced by the CIF device and the centrifugation protocol were essentially equivalent (no significant difference in MPV and P-LCR). Platelets in the 'small platelet' fraction produced by the CIF device were significantly smaller than those produced by centrifugation (lower MPV and P-LCR). This was because the CIF 'small platelet' fraction was contaminated by much fewer large platelets (∼2-times lower recovery of >12 fL platelets) and retained the smallest platelets that were discarded by the centrifugation protocol. There was no significant difference in platelet activation between the two methods. However, centrifugation required a substantial amount of additional anticoagulant to prevent platelet aggregation during pelleting. Unlike centrifugation, the CIF device offered continuous, flow-through, single-step processing that did not cause platelet aggregation. Such a capability has the potential to accelerate the basic studies of the relationship between platelet size and function, and ultimately improve transfusion practice, particularly in the pediatric setting, where the need for low-volume, high-quality platelet transfusions is most urgent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite polysomnography (PSG) being acknowledged being considered the gold standard for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), researchers have been seeking a biomarker that is less invasive, more practical in detection, and cost-effective for diagnosing and assessing the severity of the disease. To address this concern, the values of mean platelet volume (MPV) between patients with OSAHS and healthy controls were compared, and the relationship between MPV and multiple sleep monitoring parameters was analyzed in this study. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across medical databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang, up until August 2, 2023, to identify published articles related to OSAHS. This study reviewed the literature regarding the values of MPV in individuals with OSAHS and control groups, the Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients between MPV and sleep monitoring parameters, and the odds ratios (OR) of MPV concerning the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with OSAHS. Meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean difference (SMD), Fisher's z values correlation coefficients (ZCOR) and odds ratio (OR) as effect variables. A fixed-effect model was used if the heterogeneity was not significant (I2<50%); otherwise, a random-effect model was applied. We will also combine the treatment effect estimates of individual trials using fixed‐effect and random‐effects models. Statistical analysis was carried out by employing STATA 11.0 and R 4.1.3. Results: In total, 31 articles were selected for the final analysis. The study involved 3604 patients and 1165 control individuals. The MPV in the OSAHS group was considerably elevated in comparison to the healthy controls (SMD = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.21–0.53, P < 0.001), particularly among individuals with severe OSAHS (SMD = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.23–0.90, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, mean body mass index (BMI), and study design type also revealed a considerably higher MPV in the OSAHS category in comparison to the healthy controls. Furthermore, MPV showed correlations with various sleep monitoring parameters. The elevation of MPV may be one of the risk factors for CVDs in individuals with OSAHS (adjusted OR = 1.72, 95%CI = 1.08–2.73, P = 0.022). Conclusion: MPV is a relatively simple, cost-effective, and practical indicator of the severity of OSAHS, with its values being linked to the risk of CVDs in individuals with OSAHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To analyse changes in haematological values after plateletpheresis in donor population with regard to donor safety. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on first time and repeated healthy donors over a period of eight months in the Blood Transfusion Institute in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Sarajevo. A total of 75 plateletpheresis procedures performed using Amicus continuous flow cell separator were evaluated. Various pre- and post-donation haematological values were measured in all donors: haemoglobin concentration (Hb), haematocrit (Hct), red blood cell count (RBC), platelet count (PLT), white blood cell count (WBC), mean platelet volume (MPV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Results A significant decrease in post-donation Hb, Hct, RBC, PLT, MCHC (p<0.000) and WBC (p=0.003), and a significant increase in MPV (p=0.011) and MCV (p<0.000) was found. Percentage reduction of haematological parameters Hb, Hct, RBC, PLT, WBC and MCHC decrease of 6.6%, 6.5%, 5.9%, 24%, 4.6% and 0.3%, respectively, in their respective count was noted post-donation. Eight (11%) donors had a post-procedure platelet count less than 150x10e9/L. Twenty two donors (29%) experienced mild side effects due to hypocalcaemia. Conclusion Plateletpheresis procedures are generally safe and well tolerated, without evident associated clinical manifestations on healthy donors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Acute appendicitis (AA) requires a prompt diagnosis. According to postoperative pathological results, a significant number of appendectomies are performed on a normal appendix (NA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of preoperative inflammatory markers in supporting and improving the clinical diagnosis of AA, extracting more information from CBC parameters. Methods: The study is a retrospective one. The histopathological results of operated appendix from 102 patients, who underwent appendectomy for clinically suspected AA, were extracted from the Galilee Medical Center systems. Two patient groups (NA and true AA) were compared for neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV). The obtained data were statistically analyzed, using the independent sample t test and Mann–Whitney test. Category data have been compared among groups with the chi‐squared test. The primary endpoint of our research was to assess the predictive power of blood biomarkers. Results: Patients with suspected AA, based on clinical picture and contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT), and with MLR‐value ≥0.3357 were 5.25 times more likely than normal to have AA. Patients with NLR‐value ≥3.2223 were 7 times more likely than normal to have AA. The differences in PLR and MPV values were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The NLR and MLR biomarkers can assist in diagnosis of AA. This can be particularly helpful in cases where CECT is contraindicated, as in pregnant women or children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Despite advancements in medical research and discoveries, heart failure (HF) still represents a significant and prevalent public health challenge. It is characterized by persistently high mortality and morbidity rates, along with increased rates of readmissions, particularly among the elderly population. (2) Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively on 260 patients with stable or decompensated chronic HF. The parameter of interest in the study population was the mean platelet volume (MPV), and the main objective of the research was to identify a possible relationship between MPV and several variables—biological (NT-proBNP, presepsin, red cell distribution width (RDW)), electrocardiographic (atrial fibrillation (AFib) rhythm, sinus rhythm (SR)), and echocardiographic (left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), left atrial (LA) diameter, left ventricle (LV) diameter, pulmonary hypertension (PH)). (3) Results: By applying logistic and linear regression models, we assessed whether there is a correlation between MPV and biological, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic variables in patients with HF. The results revealed linear relationships between MPV and NT pro-BNP values and between MPV and RDW values, and an increased probability for the patients to have an AFib rhythm, reduced LVEF, dilated LA, dilated LV, and PH as their MPV value increases. The results were deemed statistically relevant based on a p-value below 0.05. (4) Conclusions: Through regression model analyses, our research revealed that certain negative variables in HF patients such as increased levels of NT-proBNP, increased levels of RDW, AFib rhythm, reduced LVEF, dilated LA, dilated LV, and PH, could be predicted based on MPV values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress has been associated with various diseases and physiological disruptions. Chlorella vulgaris is known for its antioxidant properties. This study examined the effects of C. vulgaris on the hematological profile of stress-induced Wistar rats. Stress significantly impacted various hematological parameters, including erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit levels, white blood cell count, and platelet count. The supplementation of cultivated C. vulgaris effectively restored erythrocyte count and suppressed elevated lymphocyte levels, while commercially available C. vulgaris and amitriptyline drugs had no significant effects on these parameters. Stress caused smaller-sized erythrocytes but did not significantly affect mean corpuscular volume. Both amitriptyline and C. vulgaris restored platelet levels, while mean platelet volume remained unaffected. Overall, C. vulgaris showed promise as a therapeutic intervention for countering stress-induced inhibition of erythropoiesis and restoring erythrocyte count, but more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop effective strategies for managing stress-related changes in hematological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical significance of platelet-related parameters in children with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods Sixty-eight children with CSU and 68 children without CSU were enrolled. The differences in platelet-related parameters, including platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW), were compared between the two groups. The association of the disease course and disease severity with platelet-related parameters were analyzed in CSU children. Results PLT levels were significantly higher in children with CSU than in that without CSU (t = 3.96, P < 0.001) . In contrast, children with CSU had significantly lower MPV (t = -5.99, P < 0.001) and PDW (t = -8.12, P < 0.001) than children without CSU. Moreover, severity of disease did not correlated with PLT, MPV and PDW (P > 0.05). However, the disease course correlated positively with MPV (r = 0.26, P = 0.034) and PDW (r = 0.35, P = 0.004), but not with PLT levels (r =0.02, P = 0.875), in children with CSU. PLT levels negatively correlated with MPV (r = -0.41, P < 0.05) and PDW (r = -0.34, P < 0.05). Conclusions Platelet-related parameters can reflect the occurrence and development of CSU in children. MPV and PDW can serve as indicators to evaluate platelet activation and predictors of the course of CSU in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Preterm birth is associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Identifying women at risk for preterm labour early in pregnancy may improve pregnancy outcomes. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) can be helpful in predicting preterm labour, as infection is an important factor in early preterm deliveries, with immunity playing a key role in preterm labour. Aim: To evaluate the predictive role of the NLR and MPV in preterm deliveries. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care and research hospital from August 2022 to October 2023. Haematological and clinical data were retrieved for preterm deliveries (n=79, group I) and term deliveries (n=151, group II). The two groups were compared in terms of demographic characteristics, obstetric and laboratory findings, including maternal age, gravida, parity, birth weight, NLR, MPV, and haemoglobin levels. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29.0. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean values among different groups. Categorical values were evaluated with Pearson's Chi-square test. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic properties of the tests. Results: The two groups showed no statistical difference in terms of demographic parameters such as the mother's age (p-value=0.611), parity (p-value=0.798), and gravida (p-value=0.583). The NLR was higher in group I (5.8±5.01) compared to group II (4.3±1.75), and this difference was statistically significant with a p-value of <0.001. MPV was observed to be lower in group II (8.7±0.96) compared to group I (8.9±1.07); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p-value=0.128). The mean baby weight and mean maternal haemoglobin in group I were significantly lower compared to group II. Conclusion: In this study, the NLR value was significantly higher in patients with preterm deliveries compared to term deliveries. This study highlights the role of NLR as an emerging predictor of preterm deliveries and emphasises that NLR, obtained from an inexpensive and routinely conducted haemogram, has the potential to be used as an early indicator of preterm deliveries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a prothrombotic state characterised by enhanced platelet activity, which may lead to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Platelet indices, such as Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) and Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), are routinely available in laboratories and can serve as a prognostic markers for patients. Aim: To evaluate platelet indices in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pathology in Krishna Vishva Vidyapeeth's Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Karad, Maharashtra, India, from July 2020 to May 2022. A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes, both with and without complications, were investigated. Haematological parameters (platelet count and platelet indices such as MPV and PDW) and biochemical parameters {fasting blood sugar and Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)} were compared between the two groups. Platelet indices were measured using an automated haematology analyser. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Results: The study included 60 cases each of DM with complications and without. Among those with complications, 17 (28.33%) were aged 51-60 years, 14 (23.33%) were 61- 70 years old, and 12 (20%) were over 70 years. The mean MPV was 12.74±3.076 fL for patients with complications and 8.65±1.58 fL for those without. The mean PDW was 15.54 15.54±3.31 fL for patients with complications and 13.94±2.66 for those without. The mean HbA1c levels were 8.33 mmol/ mol for patients with complications and 6.75 mmol/mol for those without. The mean platelet count was 3.12 lakh/mm³ for patients with complications and 2.45 lakh/mm³ for those without. The mean fasting blood sugar levels were 219.65 mmol/L for patients with complications and 109.96 mmol/L for those without. Conclusion: Diabetes contributes to endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity. The present study reveals that diabetic patients with uncontrolled glycaemic indices and elevated fasting blood sugar levels have higher platelet indices compared to patients without complications, where the platelet count, platelet indices, and glycaemic indices were within normal limits. These indices may also serve as useful prognostic tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immune dysfunction and inflammation participate in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Abnormal levels of inflammatory markers, namely, red cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet distribution width (PDW), were detected in BD. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for various mental disorders including BD was linked to changes in these inflammatory mediators. Hence, we aimed to assess the impact of ECT on PDW and RDW in patients with BD. Methods: Seventy-two patients aged ≥ 16 were enrolled in the current prospective cohort study over 6 months, diagnosed as BD based on DSM-IV and indicated for ECT and complete blood count (CBC) drawn pre-ECT and after four ECT sessions. Results: By the end of the ECT sessions, we noticed a significant elevation in PDW with lowering in RDW levels. However, no significant differences were detected before and after ECT regarding platelet (PLTs) count, mean platelet volume (MPV), and Plateletcrit (PCT). Conclusion: ECT seems to improve the CBC-derived inflammatory markers (RDW and PDW) subsequently, improving the underlying inflammatory process in BD without disturbing PLT homeostasis which support its anti-inflammatory role in BD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly prevalent yet underestimated disorder caused by the complete or partial obstruction of the upper airways. Although polysomnography is the gold standard for OSAS diagnosis, there is an active search for easily accessible biomarkers of disease presence and severity, particularly those reflecting morphological changes in specific blood cells. We investigated the associations between the presence and severity of OSAS, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW), routinely assessed as part of the complete blood count. From 262 retrieved records from PubMed, the Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, 31 manuscripts were selected for a final analysis, 30 investigating MPV and 15 investigating PDW. MPV was not statistically different between OSAS patients and healthy controls; however, it progressively increased with disease severity. By contrast, OSAS patients had significantly higher PDW values than controls (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.56; p ˂ 0.001), and the difference increased with disease severity. In a univariate meta-regression, there were significant associations between the MPV and publication year, the apnoea–hypopnea index, and diabetes mellitus, while no associations were observed with the PDW. No significant between-group differences were observed in the subgroup analyses. These data suggest that PDW, and to a lesser extent, MPV, are potential biomarkers of OSAS and require further research to ascertain their pathophysiological significance (PROSPERO, CRD42023459413). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: A potentially fatal side effect of decompensated liver cirrhosis is ascites. One potentially dangerous consequence in cirrhotic individuals with ascites is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Diagnostic paracentesis is a method used to diagnose SBP, although it is an invasive procedure. Numerous noninvasive markers were investigated in SBP diagnosis. Thus, this study aimed to assess the clinical utility of the noninvasive markers for the diagnosis and treatment response in patients with SBP, namely the lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and absolute neutrophil count (ANC). Patients and methods: This study included 162 cirrhotic patients was conducted. They were divided into 2 groups, group I included 101 cirrhotic patients with SBP and group II included 61 cirrhotic patients without SBP. ascitic fluid sampling and complete blood count (CBC) including ANC, LMR and MPV were done. Results: There was a significant difference between the 2 groups as regard ANC and LMR (p<0.05). In SBP group there was a significant difference in ANC, LMR, MPV before and after the standard\antibiotic treatment. Absolute neutrophil count had sensitivity 79.21%, specificity 63.93% However, the LMR had sensitivity 91.09 %, specificity 68.85 % and MPV had sensitivity 83.17%, specificity 62.30%. When ANC, LMR and MPV were combined, the sensitivity was 91.10% and specificity was 91.80%. Conclusion: This study suggests that the ANC, MPV, and LMR may be utilized as noninvasive markers for the diagnosis of SBP and prediction of treatment response, enabling prompt detection of SBP to minimize its consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study leukocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were retrospectively evaluated in patients with idiopathic acute anterior uveitis. Materials and methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed from March 2016 to February 2020. Fifty patients (25 men and 25 women) and as the control group, 50 healthy volunteers (25 males and 25 females) were included in this study. Blood samples of the patients were taken before starting treatment. A complete ophthalmological examination, including corrected visual acuity, tonometry, slit lamp and fundus examination, was performed in all patients. Gender, age, leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, MPV, PLR, and NLR values of the patients were recorded. Results: In this study, a statistically significant difference was found in leukocyte (p <.001), neutrophil (p <.001), platelet (p <.001), NLR (p <.001) and PLR (p <.001) values. No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of lymphocyte count (p =.063) and in the MPV value (p =.051). Leukocyte, neutrophil, platelet count, NLR, and PLR values were higher in the uveitis group compared to the control group. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for NLR was 0.805, with a sensitivity of 56.0% and a specificity of 98.0%. The AUC for PLR was 0.657, with a sensitivity of 52.0% and a specificity of 98.0%. Conclusion: In this retrospective study, leukocyte, neutrophil, platelet count, PLR, and NLR levels were significantly higher in patients with idiopathic acute anterior uveitis compared to the control group. These blood parameters are useful as diagnostic markers and can be used in early diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous works have shown that hematological system can be affected by exposure to lead; however, the effects of multiple metals on platelets remain elusive within the population from metal-contaminated areas. Hence, the study enrolled 609 participants, with 396 from a metal-exposed area and 213 from a control area. Platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), thrombocytocrit (PCT), platelet to large cell ratio (P-LCR), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were selected to evaluate platelet function. Stepwise regression and Lasso regression were utilized to identify the most influential metals. Moreover, the generalized linear model (GLM), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models, and quantile g-computation were employed to estimate the individual or combined effects associations between 12 urinary metals and platelet indices. The results revealed all metals except vanadium, copper, strontium, and molybdenum were significantly higher in the exposed group. The GLM models indicated that urinary metals, including lead, antimony, and arsenic, exhibited associations with PLT, MPV, P-LCR, and PDW. Quantile g-computation and BKMR demonstrated negative correlations between metal mixtures and MPV as well as PDW. In conclusion, the study highlights the associations between multiple metal exposures and platelet indices, suggesting that elevated levels of the metal mixture may impede platelet activation in the population in metal-contaminated areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between baseline, mean platelet volume (MPV) and prognosis of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction undergoing intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of clinical imaging and laboratory data of patients with acute mild cerebral infarction who received intravenous thrombolytic therapy with alteplase in Baoding No.1 Central Hospital between March 2018 and March 2021. According to mRS scores after three months, a total of 140 patients were divided into the good prognosis group(n=115) (mRS score

Objective To systematicaly evaluate the correlation between the colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis with mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet count (PLT) and platelet volume distribution width (PDW). Methods The studies on the correlation between MPV, PLT and PDW indexes with the CRC prognosis published in the Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Wanfang, CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Literature and VIP from the establishment of the database to June 2021 were retrieved. The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and relevant data were extracted. Then the meta analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5. 3 software. Results A total of 546 articles were obtained by the preliminary retrieval. After removing the reading literature titles, duplicate studies, case reports and literature reviews, 10 articles were finally included in the study. According to the meta analysis results, the increase of MPV index was not related with the overall survival (OS) in the patients with colorectal cancer (single factor analysis method, HR=0.94, 95%CI 0.48-1. 81, P=0.85, I²-85%); the PLT index increase was a risk factor for poor prognosis of OS in the patients with colorectal cancer (univariate analysis method: HR-1.60, 95%CI 1.22-2.10, P<0.001, I²=63%); the increase of PDW index was not related with poor OS prognosis in the patients with colorectal cancer (univariate analysis method: HR-1.34, 95%CI 0.31-5.88, P=0.70, I²=93%). In the study of the relationship between univariate combined MPV effect size and colorectal cancer prognosis, the funnel plot was basically symmetrical, and no significant publication bias was found. The funnel plot of the relationship between PLT effect size and colorectal cancer prognosis showed substantial symmetry and no significant publication bias was found. At the same time, the funnel plot of the relationship between univariate combined PDW effect size and colorectal cancer prognosis was basically symmetrical. Conclusion The PLT index increase is a risk factor for poor prognosis of CRC, but the predictive value of PDW and MPV increase for the poor prognosis of the patients with colorectal cancer has not been found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anemia is strongly associated with late-life depression (LLD), however, few studies have investigated the relationship between anemia and suicide attempts in LLD patients. It is still challenging to predict suicide risk in patients with depression. Therefore, there is growing interest in potential biomarkers of depressive disorders and suicidal behavior, which may play a significant role in the early diagnosis and treatment of depression. This study aimed to compare serum ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, and erythrocyte parameter levels in patients with LLD with those in healthy older adults, and the relationship between serum ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, and suicide attempts in patients. Methods: Serum ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, and erythrocyte parameter levels were measured in 66 hospitalized LLD patients (30 without suicide attempt, 36 with suicide attempt) and 47 healthy individuals. All participants were surveyed for basic conditions and suicide attempts, and depression was assessed in LLD patients. Results: Serum ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean platelet volume and plateletcrit levels were significantly lower in LLD patients compared with healthy older adults (P < 0.05). Further analysis of the relationship between serum ferritin, folate, and vitamin B12 levels and LLD patients' suicide attempts and showed a significant negative association between serum folate and vitamin B12 and suicide attempts (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Serum ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean platelet volume and plateletcrit levels were significantly lower in LLD patients than in healthy older adults. In addition, reduced serum folate and vitamin B12 levels in patients may have some effect on suicide attempts. More mechanistic studies are needed to further explain this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sepsis and septic shock are prevalent and life-threatening complications in burn patients. Despite their severity, existing diagnostic methods are limited. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Complete Blood Count (CBC) and CBC ratio markers in diagnosing sepsis and septic shock, and in predicting mortality among burn patients. A cohort of 2757 burn patients was examined to ascertain the correlation between various CBC parameters, their ratios, and the incidence of sepsis and related mortality. Key markers analyzed included Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Mean Platelet Volume-to-Platelet Ratio (MPVPR). Our findings indicate that 65.5% of the patients developed sepsis, and 24.3% succumbed to their conditions. The CBC parameters RDW, MPV, NLR, MPVPR, and MPV-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MPVLR) were significantly associated with sepsis and mortality. These markers showed considerable temporal variation and yielded an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of over 0.65 in an unadjusted Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model. This study underscores the potential of RDW, MPV, NLR, MPVPR, and MPVLR as vital prognostic tools for diagnosing sepsis, septic shock, and predicting mortality in burn patients. Although based on a single-center dataset, our results contribute to the enhancement of sepsis management by facilitating earlier, more precise diagnosis and treatment strategies. Further multi-center research is necessary to confirm these findings and broaden their applicability, establishing a solid base for future explorations in this crucial field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the utility of complete blood count (CBC) markers, in conjunction with the acute kidney injury network (AKIN) criteria, for the early detection, severity assessment, and prediction of mortality outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in burn patients. The research seeks to fill existing gaps in knowledge and validate the cost-effectiveness of using CBC as a routine diagnostic tool for better management of AKI. The study was conducted at Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital. We performed a large-scale retrospective analysis of 2758 adult patients admitted to the burn intensive care unit over a 12-year period. Among these patients, AKI occurred in 1554 patients (56.3%). Based on the AKIN stage classification, 794 patients (28.8%) were categorized as AKIN 1, 494 patients (17.9%) as AKIN 2, and 266 patients (9.6%) as AKIN 3. We defined several ratio markers, including the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and various mean platelet volume (MPV) ratios. Our statistical analyses, conducted using the R programming language, revealed significant correlations between these markers and AKI severity. The AUC values for neutrophil count and WBC count were 0.790 and 0.793, respectively, followed by immature granulocyte count with an AUC of 0.727. For red blood cell (RBC)-related parameters, the AUC values for hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), and RBC count were 0.725, 0.713, and 0.713, respectively. Among the platelet-related parameters, only platelet distribution width (PDW) had an AUC of 0.677. Among the ratio markers, the NLR had the highest AUC at 0.772, followed by MPVNR and SII with AUC values of 0.700 and 0.680, respectively. The findings underscore the potential of CBC as an economical, routine test for AKI, thereby paving the way for enhanced patient outcomes. Our study suggests the utility of routine CBC tests, specifically WBC count and PLR, for predicting AKI and platelet, MPV, and NLR for mortality assessment in burn patients. These findings underscore the potential of easily accessible CBC tests in enhancing AKI management. However, further multicenter studies are needed for validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]