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This article examines the practices that maintain the gender asymmetry in transnational migratory religious organisations, as exemplified by the Polish organisations of the Roman Catholic Church (so-called Polish Catholic Missions). Based on interviews with women and men involved in these structures as well as on our observations during fieldwork, we reconstruct the gendered division of work in such organisations, with a special focus on differentiation within the area of religious functions. Drawing on integrative theories of gender (especially of Raewyn Connell) and on the new institutionalist understanding of organisations, we investigate how and why these transnational religious bodies resist the normative pressures regarding gender equality stemming from the egalitarian contexts in which they function (England, Belgium, and Sweden). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We define a four-dimensional Lie algebra g in this paper and then prove that this Lie algebra is solvable but not nilpotent. Due to the fact that g is a Lie algebra, ∀ x , y ∈ g , [ x , y ] = − [ y , x ] , that is, the operation [ , ] has anti symmetry. Symmetry is a very important law, and antisymmetry is also a very important law. We studied the structure of Poisson algebras on g using the matrix method. We studied the necessary and sufficient conditions for the automorphism of this class of Lie algebras, and give the decomposition of its automorphism group by A u t (g) = G 3 G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 7 G 8 G 5 , or A u t (g) = G 3 G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 7 G 8 G 5 G 6 , or A u t (g) = G 3 G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 7 G 8 G 5 G 3 , where G i is a commutative subgroup of A u t (g) . We give some subgroups of g's automorphism group and systematically studied the properties of these subgroups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through guidelines, terms of service and algorithmic curation, digital platforms such as YouTube encourage creators to produce content that fits with the commercial goals of the platform. Scholars have argued that this pressure to conform might lead to uniformity, or isomorphism, in the ways organizations manage their presence on platforms. This article contributes to the debate on isomorphism by taking a bottom-up approach and ask to which extent creators on YouTube pursue similar, or different, strategies for uploading and monetizing content. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses of a sample of YouTube channels, we show how content creators adapt to, negotiate with, and defy institutional pressures. In the end, we find greater support for diversification, that is, polymorphism, than concentration in the ways organizations manage their presence on the platform. This has implications for how we understand platform power and integrate institutional theories in communication research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite growing attention to electoral brands, political scientists have largely remained "color blind," neglecting parties' chromatic choices. Moreover, scholars dedicated limited attention to how party organizations converge on the use of similar structures and communication strategies, thereby engaging in a process of institutional isomorphism. We seek to simultaneously fill both gaps by examining the logos of more than 300 parties in 35 democracies during the latest political elections. Our findings show that a strong relationship exists between ideology and the use of certain color hues: left-wing party logos mainly display hues at the red end of the color spectrum, while blue hues prevail among right-wing parties. Likeminded parties' chromatic isomorphism, however, is moderated by country and party-specific factors. Notably, the correlation between color hue and ideology is stronger in Western Europe and among older parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent results of the accurate calorimetric measurements of phase equilibria in ternary mixtures of methane, propane, and nonane have been presented. The heat capacity, internal energy, pressure, and temperature derivative of pressure at constant volume were measured in the range 160–340 K, up to 30 MPa. The phase transitions were localized by the finite discontinuities in temperature derivatives of the thermodynamic potentials. The phase diagrams for ternary mixtures of methane, propane, and nonane have been plotted based on the experimental data. These data are supplemented with the earlier measurements of two ternary hydrocarbon systems for the low concentration of octane and decane. Our investigations show that hydrocarbon mixture for the low concentration of nonane as well as the hydrocarbon mixtures for the low concentration of octane and decane split into two phases, the nonane-lean macrophase and the microphase formed by nonane. Besides, nonane provokes a split of the liquid part of a ternary mixture into two liquid phases, the nonane-rich phase and the nonane-lean phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding how animals might make sense of the interfaces they interact with is important to inform the design of animal-centered interactions. In this regard, biosemiotics provides a useful lens through which to examine animals' interactions with interfaces and the sensemaking mechanisms that might underpin such interactions. This paper leverages Uexküll's Umwelt theory, Peirce's logic of sign relations and Gibson's theory of affordances to analyze examples of dogs' interactions with interfaces, particularly the role of the semiotic mechanisms of indexicality and isomorphism. Based on these analyses, the paper derives design implications, and proposes a semiotic framework to support the analysis and design of canine-centered interactions. The framework could be subsequently extended to support the analysis and design of interactive systems for other species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Contabilidade do Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis da UERJ is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate is the property of University of Brasilia, Center for Sustainable Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Across languages, a passive construction is known to manifest a misalignment between the typical order of event composition (agent-before-theme) and the actual order of arguments in the constructions (theme-before-agent), dubbed non-isomorphic mapping. This study investigates comprehension of a suffixal passive construction in Korean by Mandarin-speaking learners of Korean, focusing on isomorphism and language-specific devices in the passive. We measured learners' judgment of the acceptability of canonical and scrambled suffixal passives as well as their reaction times (relative to a canonical active transitive). Our analysis generated three major findings. First, learners uniformly preferred the canonical passive to the scrambled passive. Second, as proficiency increased, the judgment gap between the canonical active transitive and the canonical suffixal passive narrowed, but the gap between the canonical active transitive and the scrambled suffixal passive did not. Third, learners (and even native speakers) spent more time in judging the acceptability of the canonical suffixal passive than they did in the other two construction types. Implications of these findings are discussed with respect to the mapping nature involving a passive voice, indicated by language-specific devices (i.e., case-marking and verbal morphology dedicated to Korean passives), in L2 acquisition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rechargeable lithium–oxygen batteries (LOBs) are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of energy storage devices. Nevertheless, the lack of understanding of the relationships between structure, property, and performance of catalysts limits the rational development of efficient cathode catalysts, and therefore, hinders the commercial application of LOBs. Herein, a d‐band center regulation strategy is proposed to construct an isomorphism composite of NiS2‐CoS2@nitrogen‐doped carbon (NiS2‐CoS2@NC) as an advanced cathode catalyst for boosting the electrocatalytic activities of LOBs. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the introduction of Ni atoms not only redistributes the internal charges on the isomorphism structure but also modulates the adsorption capacities of the intermediates by tuning the d‐band center, thus promoting oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction kinetics and reducing the reaction overpotentials. As expected, NiS2‐CoS2@NC catalyzed LOBs present superior electrochemical performance including large initial discharge/charge specific capacity of 14 551/13 563 mAh g−1, an ultralong cycle life over 490 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g−1, and excellent rate performance. The insight into the regulation of the adsorption capacity of the catalyst by tailoring its d‐band center facilitates the rational construction of efficient electrocatalysts for LOBs and other electrocatalytic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we apply a new class of fuzzy control functions to approximate a Cauchy additive mapping in fuzzy Banach space (FBS). Further, considering the unital FBS (UFBS), we will investigate the isomorphisms defined in this space. By introducing several specific functions and choosing the optimal control function from among these functions, we evaluate the Cauchy–Optimal stability (C–O-stability) for all defined mappings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article critically examines the relationship between institutionalization and the innovation process, traditionally regarded distinctively, leading to theoretical and methodological biases. It is also difficult to find how empirical research implements institutional theories. Drawing on the innovation and institutional theories, and a systematic literature review on ICT usage in the agricultural advisory system (AAS), our study reveals that ICT is becoming established within AAS. Two dominant isomorphisms guided ICT usage in AAS: coercive and normative isomorphism. We argue that the institutionalization process is a continuum of the innovation process. From this perspective, technology is conceptualized as potentially useful knowledge that undergoes a series of changes during its institutionalization. We propose an analytical framework that could induce further theoretical refinement and progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conditions of isovalent substitution of Nd atoms for Sm atoms in A-positions of the BaNd2In2O7 two-slab perovskite-like structure of the BaNd2-xSmxIn2O7 type (0 £ x £ 1.8) have determined by X-ray powder diffraction methods. Tetragonal crystal structure (space group P42/mnm) of the BaNd2-xSmxIn2O7 phases with substitution degree of Nd atoms equal to 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 1.8 was determined by the Rietveld method. Crystal structure of BaNd2-xSmxIn2O7 is based on the two-dimensional (infinite in the XY plane) perovskite-like blocks, consisting of two slabs of the deformed InO6 octahedra connected by vertices. Ba atoms are localized only at 4f position inside the perovskite block, while REE atoms are placed only at 8j position at the boundary of the perovskite block. The adjacent perovskite-like blocks are separated by a slab of LnO9 polyhedra and held together by - O - Ln - O - interblock bonds. It is established that the isovalent substitution of Nd atoms by smaller Sm atoms leads to a decrease in the length of the Ln - O2 distance (from 0.230(2) nm to 0.206(2) nm) and to an increase in the degree of deformation of the interblocks of LnO9 polyhedra, the inner block polyhedra BaO12, and the InO6 octahedra as well. Such structural changes destabilize the interblock "stitching" and are one of the main destruction factors of the slab perovskite-like structure of the BaNd2-xSmxIn2O7 phases at x > 1.8. Data obtained could be used for directed regulation of structure-sensitive properties of materials based on the BaNd2In2O7 indate.

The co-maximal subgroup graph $\Gamma(G)$ of a group $G$ is a graph whose vertices are non-trivial proper subgroups of $G$ and two vertices $H$ and $K$ are adjacent if $HK = G$‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we study and characterize various properties like diameter‎, ‎domination number‎, ‎perfectness‎, ‎hamiltonicity‎, ‎etc‎. ‎of $\Gamma(\mathbb{Z}_n)$

In this paper introduce the homomorphism, isomorphism, weak isomorphism and co-weak isomorphism of Neutrosophic over topologized graphs. Some properties of isomorphism are introduced. The isomorphism of Neu trosophic over topologized graphs equivalnce relation, weak isomorphism of Neutrosophic over topologized graphs partial order relation and complement of Neutrosophic over topologized graphs also derived here.

Research aims: This study aims to critically analyze the account administration of confiscated funds from criminal cases at the Public Prosecution Service of the Republic of Indonesia using three-dimensional Isomorphism of DiMaggio Powel’s New Institutional Theory. Design/Methodology/Approach: We employ qualitative approach using three-dimensional Isomorphism of DiMaggio Powel’s New Institutional Theory; coercive pressure, mimetic pressure dan normative pressure. We interviewed 21 informants including officials from Special Crimes and General Crimes Section who are responsible for the account administration of confiscated funds. Also, with auditors from the Supreme Audit Institutions who audited the Public Prosecution Service of the Republic of Indonesia, and the Corruption Eradication Commission officials to get new views on how the conduct the account administration of confiscated funds. Research findings: The results indicate that there is coercive pressure in making regulations for account administration of confiscated funds in the form of repeated findings from the Supreme Audit Institutions and the Minister of Finance Regulation of 182/PMK.05/2017. Mimetic pressure is also indicated with the requirement to imitate succeeded similar organizations. The General Attorney's Office has to clarify organizational structure for the Evidence and Confiscation Management Section at the District Attorney's level and establish competency standards for all officials. This means less professionalism due to the absence of procedure supported by information system, which becomes normative pressure. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the literature on exploring public sector phenomena in the perspective of three-dimensional Isomorphism of New Institutional Theory; as well as explaining changes in policy and organization structure for the account administration of confiscated funds from criminal cases. Practitioner/Policy implication: This study provides input to reform the account administration of confiscated funds from criminal cases to make it more accountable on its policies and organization structure. Research limitation/Implication: This study only explains and evaluates the weaknesses of account administration of confiscated funds. There is the need of aspects reconstruction based on three-dimensional Isomorphism of DiMaggio Powel’s New Institutional Theory in order to be accountable on its policies and organization structure.

We consider a jump Markov process X=(Xt)t≥0X={\left({X}_{t})}_{t\ge 0}, with values in a state space (E,ℰ)\left(E,{\mathcal{ {\mathcal E} }}). We suppose that the corresponding infinitesimal generator πθ(x,dy),x∈E{\pi }_{\theta }\left(x,{\rm{d}}y),x\in E, hence the law Px,θ{{\mathbb{P}}}_{x,\theta } of XX, depends on a parameter θ∈Θ\theta \in \Theta . We prove that several models (filtered or not) associated with XX are linked, by their regularity according to a certain scheme. In particular, we show that the regularity of the model (πθ(x,dy))θ∈Θ{\left({\pi }_{\theta }\left(x,{\rm{d}}y))}_{\theta \in \Theta } is equivalent to the local regularity of (Px,θ)θ∈Θ{\left({{\mathbb{P}}}_{x,\theta })}_{\theta \in \Theta }.

Abstract Objectives In the field of graph theory, an intuitionistic fuzzy set becomes a useful tool to handle problems related to uncertainty and impreciseness. We introduced the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy line graphs (IVIFLG) and explored the results related to IVIFLG. Result Some propositions and theorems related to IVIFLG are proposed and proved, which are originated from intuitionistic fuzzy graphs (IVIG). Furthermore, Isomorphism between two IVIFLGs toward their IVIFGs was determined and verified.

The literature on nonprofit growth contains a practical ambiguity regarding which types of revenues to cultivate as a start-up nonprofit. The revenue portfolio of a more established organization may be inappropriate (or unattainable) for a new one, but there may be perils in relying too long on sources of nonprofit start-up capital. We posit that nonprofit entrepreneurs choose to mimic larger organizations in their field for growth rather than rely on the revenue mix of their start-up stage. This study uses two different dynamic econometric models to estimate the role of revenue type and other organizational factors in the growth of young and small nonprofits. We find that mimicking the revenue habits of larger organizations is generally (but not universally) advisable, with most conclusions sensitive to subsector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure, microstructure, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and mechanical properties of Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 ceramics (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were studied. Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 submicron powders with the NaZr2(PO4)3 structure (NZP, kosnarite type) were obtained by the solid-phase method. The starting reagents (NaNO3, ZrOCl2·8H2O, NH4H2PO4, CoCl2·6H2O, ethanol) were mixed with the addition of ethyl alcohol. The resulting mixtures were annealed at 600 °C (20 h) and 700 °C (20 h). The obtained phosphates crystallized in the expected structure of the NaZr2(PO4)3 type (trigonal system, space group R 3 ¯ c). Thermal expansion of the powders was studied with high-temperature X-ray diffraction at temperatures ranging from 25 to 700 °C. CTEs were calculated, and their dependence on the cobalt content was analyzed. Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 ceramics with high relative density (93.67–99.70%) were obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Ceramics poor in cobalt (x = 0.1) were found to have a high relative density (98.87%) and a uniform fine-grained microstructure with a grain size of 0.5–1 µm. Bigger cobalt content leads to a smaller relative density of ceramics. During the sintering of ceramics with high cobalt content, anomalous grain growth was observed. The powder compaction rate was shown to be determined by creep and diffusion intensity in the Na1+2xZr2−xCox(PO4)3 crystal lattice. SPS activation energy in ceramics increased as the cobalt content grew. The microhardness and fracture toughness of ceramics did not depend on their cobalt content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is widely considered the lifeblood of organizational survival and growth. However, despite its importance, innovation diffusion does not take place spontaneously in organizations. In fact, diffusion of innovations (DoI) in project-based organizations (PBOs) is widely considered notoriously lukewarm. Nevertheless, it is inspiring to observe that project teams could suddenly change their lukewarm attitude in DoI when they receive pressure from the authority and industrial associations, or when they notice their peers starting to adopt an innovation. There seem to be some isomorphic pressures such as coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures that drive DoI. This research aims to identify the source factors of the isomorphic pressures that can be used to catalyze innovation diffusion with a focus on construction PBOs. It does so by conducting a 3-year in-depth case study in an international construction firm using a mixed-method approach including semiconstructed interviews and nonparticipatory observations. The research identified 12 specific source factors under the three categories of isomorphic pressure, i.e., coercive pressure, mimetic pressure, and normative pressure. Coercive pressure can arise from organizational policy, company culture, and influence from seniors; memetic pressure can stem from the influence of peer project teams as well as change agents such as innovation champions; and normative pressure derives from the sharing in regular events/meetings and related training. The practical contribution is that based on the source factors identified, top managers can tactically create such pressures to catalyze DoI meanwhile avoiding excessive pressures that might hinder DoI in their companies. Future studies are recommended to unravel the mechanism through which these source factors interact to take an effect, and based on that, devise the strategies that can harness the isomorphic pressures to boost DoI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews the history of world university rankings and their large-scale impact. It then analyzes some of the criticism of the world ranking systems before exploring their impact in the context of Thai universities. The authors' assertions centre on the premise that much of the criticism of these ranking systems can be divided into three broad categories: criticism of their conceptualization and guiding ideology, criticism of the methodology that they employ, and criticism of their influence on universities and other stakeholders. These criticisms cut across national borders; however, some apply to a greater extent in certain contexts, for example in developing countries such as Thailand. The article then details how these ranking systems have shifted academic attention from teaching quality to research production through the creation of annual performance assessments which are heavily skewed towards research and the creation of lucrative research product rewards systems which can create an organisational hierarchy of faculty based solely on research output through academic positions and financial rewards. Although some may criticize the Asian universities' and faculty's, i.e., the 'players" responses to the academic rankings, these responses are predictable and rational adaptations to the 'game' that has been imposed on them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The PLM concept implies the use of heterogeneous information resources at different stages of the product life cycle, the joint work of which allows the user to effectively solve the problems of product quality and various costs. According to the principle of isomorphism of complex systems' regularities, an effective PLM system must have these regularities. Unfortunately, this principle is not often fundamental when designing PLM systems. The purpose of this paper is to develop principles, based on the general theory of systems, for the design, operation and use of PLM systems and the implementation on their basis of the educational framework of a PLM system for threaded connections with the possibility of its effective development, research and study. The multi-agent approach to the development of a PLM system provides the necessary prerequisites for the emergence of system-wide regularities in it. The parallel work of agents is implemented using the actor model and the Ray Python-package. Agents for the logical inference of knowledge base facts, CAD/FEA/CAM/SCADA agents, agents for optimization by various methods, and other agents have been developed. Open-source software was used to develop the system. Each agent has relatively simple behavior, implemented by its rule function, and can interact with other agents. The system can work in interactive mode with the user or in automatic mode according to a simple algorithm: the rule functions of all agents are executed until at least one of them returns a value other than None. Examples of the system operation are given and system-wide regularities such as emergence, historicity and self-organization are demonstrated in it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A self-complementary graph is a simple graph that is isomorphic to its complement. Thus, a graph G is selfcomplementary if there is an isomorphism from G to Gc. Due to the special structure of these graphs, they are rare in number compared to arbitrary simple graphs with the same number of vertices. The main goal of the paper is to identify self-complementary graphs through the definition and analysis of their basic properties, especially the existence of an isomorphism between two such graphs. However, the paper also contains results related to the construction of selfcomplementary graphs, and some of their more complex properties are listed. Furthermore, the emphasis in this paper is also the construction of some special classes of self-complementary graphs, especially those with 8 vertices, with the fact that the text is accompanied by figures in order to better observe of their properties. The last part of the paper contains a smaller number of assertions about the 3-cycles and paths in self-complementary graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two fractional factorial designs are called isomorphic if one can be obtained from the other by relabeling the factors, reordering the runs and switching the levels of factors. Given a set of all orthogonal designs (ODs) with n runs, q levels and s factors, it may have several non-isomorphic subclasses. Once a new OD with this design size is generated, it is interesting to know which subclass it belongs to. In this paper, we review several existing methods, which can classify newly generated ODs to the correct non-isomorphic subclass. We also propose two new non-isomorphic detection methods. They can be utilized for the design classification purpose and take some advantages over the existing methods in terms of computation efficiency and classification capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud computing is defined as the distribution of computing including hardware and software to the consumer through the Internet. In the era of ICT, cloud computing has been influenced by many industries including technology, business, management, logistics and numerous other industry. But some new kinds of risks and vulnerabilities exist in cloud environment. Users of cloud services are under constant threat. Hence, security-related risks are the main disadvantage of cloud computing. The aim of this paper is to enhance the cloud security by designing a secure cryptosystem based on AI. We have emphasized on secure key generation algorithm based on coupled artificial neural network with Mealy machine, genetic algorithm and weight vector-based authentication mechanism. We have used coupled multilayer feedforward neural network, Mealy machine and genetic algorithm for key generation. Machine learning is done 'n' times between two ANNs, and after several steps, we have generated a secret key for encryption. A novel key wrapping protocol has also been introduced using one-way function. For encryption and decryption, we have used the concept of isomorphism in vector space and XOR operation with double encryption key. Thus, our paper is equipped with different types of new concepts. Varieties of experimental results and analysis prove the efficiency and robustness of our technique in the field of cryptography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well-known that one of open problems in the theory of Leibniz algebras is to find a suitable generalization of Lie's third theorem which associates a (local) Lie group to any Lie algebra, real or complex. It turns out, this is related to finding an appropriate analogue of a Lie group for Leibniz algebras. Using the notion of a digroup, Kinyon obtained a partial solution of this problem, namely, an analogue of Lie's third theorem for the class of so-called split Leibniz algebras. A digroup is a nonempty set equipped with two binary associative operations, a unary operation and a nullary operation satisfying additional axioms relating these operations. Digroups generalize groups and have close relationships with the dimonoids and dialgebras, the trioids and trialgebras, and other structures. Recently, G. Zhang and Y. Chen applied the method of Gr¨obner-Shirshov bases for dialgebras to construct the free digroup of an arbitrary rank, in particular, they considered a monogenic case separately. In this paper, we give a simpler and more convenient digroup model of the free monogenic digroup. We construct a new class of digroups which are based on commutative groups and show how the free monogenic group can be obtained from the free monogenic digroup by a suitable factorization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cogency: Journal of Reasoning & Argumentation is the property of Cogency Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Praxis Filosófica is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The increasingly popular local news collaboration (LNC), a form of local news production, was analyzed as a budding population or collection of entities with increasingly similar forms and practices. Growth of the population over time is examined by both tracking the number of foundings and "mortalities" of collaborations and by measuring changes in the population density. The relative isomorphism (homogeneity) of collaboration practices, the relative success of local news collaborations, and the relative formality of practices were assessed. Changing levels of legitimacy of local news collaborations were also assessed, and three types of legitimacy were correlated with density levels, level of collaboration success, and adoption of formal agreements. As anticipated, the results indicate that LNCs are forming a population, but that it is a young, budding population. LNCs are still seeking niches within the journalism space and have not yet attained a shared understanding of best practices. Results also point to the importance of the journalism field's institutional actors in the emergence of this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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One form of company participation in sustainable development is the preparation of quality reports (SR) taking into account SR content and pressure from stakeholders including the determinants of SR quality in companies listed on the IDX during 2017-2020 with an isomorphism theory approach. The sample for this study was 444 companies using the purposive method, with the criteria for companies compiling SRs during the year of observation either separately or in combination with the annual financial statements. Data analysis with multivariate regression. The results showed that environmental pressure and social pressure coercively isomorphism had an effect on SR quality, and industrial pressure had mimetic isomorphism affected SR quality, while normative pressure from the audit committee had no effect on SR quality because p > 0.05. This study proves that testing the quality of SR with a coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphism theory approach can determine the quality of SR.

Climate change mitigation is at the core of the preoccupations of governments worldwide. The main research gap is that little is known about a powerful tool used by corporations to address climate change, namely carbon reduction and energy transition targets. In the official statistics, companies are designated as the biggest polluters. The purpose of this research is to investigate the targets set by the largest European companies and their achievement status regarding the carbon reduction and energy transition process. Target setting was analyzed by reference to the pressures hypothesized by the institutional theory. To answer the research question, the targets set by the companies included in the STOXX All Europe 100 Index were extracted from various sources. Hypothesis testing was conducted on the existence of mimetic, coercive, and normative isomorphism. A new scoring system was proposed to measure the level of corporate commitment regarding carbon reduction and energy transition targets. The findings suggest that most targets are established for the short and medium term and refer to absolute emissions, some of them already achieved. All forms of isomorphism apply to the selected sample. The research has implications for policy setting, as relaxed targets may lead to greenwashing and prevent countries from meeting international strategic goals.

The importance of pedigrees is translated by geneticists as a tool for diagnosing genetic diseases. Errors resulting during collection of data and missing information of individuals are considered obstacles in deducing pedigrees, especially larger ones. Therefore, the reconstructed pedigree graph evaluation needs to be undertaken for relevant diagnosis. This requires a comparison between the derived and the original data. The present study discusses the isomorphism of huge pedigrees with labeled and unlabeled leaves, where a pedigree has hundreds of families, which are monogamous and generational. The algorithms presented in this paper are based on a set of bipartite graphs covering the pedigree and the problem addressed is parameter tractable. The Bipartite graphs Covering the Pedigree (BCP) problem is said to possess a time complexity of $f(k).mod(X)^{O(1)}$ where $f$ is the computing function that grows exponentially. The study presents an algorithm for the BCP problem that can be categorized as a polynomial-time-tractable evaluation of the reconstructed pedigree. The paper considers pedigree graphs that consist of both labeled and unlabeled leaves that make use of parameterized and kernelization algorithms to solve the problem. The kernelization algorithm executes in $O(k^3)$ for the BCP graphs.

Abstrak – Apakah Anggaran Pemerintah Daerah Mengakomodasi Kesetaraan Gender? Tujuan Utama – Penelitian ini berupaya menganalisis aspek kesetaraan gender dalam penyusunan anggaran pemerintah daerah. Metode – Penelitian menggabungkan metode analisis PLS dan wawancara. Sejumlah pihak yang terlibat dalam penyusunan anggaran daerah menjadi informan dan sampel. Temuan Utama – Penelitian menemukan bahwa dua tipe isomorfime (normatif dan mimetik teruji) mampu memicu kinerja penganggaran responsif gender. Walaupun demikian, unit pemerintah daerah memiliki komitmen sedang untuk menerapkan anggaran berbasis gender dan level ini menjadi alasan anggaran pemerintah belum responsif gender. Selain itu, ketidakpastian lingkungan yang tinggi di pemerintah daerah mengganggu komitmen organisasi untuk mencapai anggaran responsif gender. Implikasi Teori dan Kebijakan – Teori kelembagaan menguraikan dengan sangat jelas praktik isomorfisme di pemerintah daerah. Hasil ini bermanfaat bagi pimpinan dan pegawai bagian anggaran dalam menyusun anggaran. Kebaruan Penelitian – Sejauh diketahui oleh penulis, riset mengenai kinerja anggaran gender di seluruh unit kerja pemerintah belum dilakukan di Indonesia. Abstract – Does Local Government Budgeting Accommodate Gender Equality? Main Purpose – This study seeks to analyze aspects of gender equality in preparing local government budgets. Method – The research combines PLS and interview methods. Several parties involved in preparing regional budgets became informants and samples. Main Findings – The study found that two types of isomorphism (normative and mimetic tested) could trigger gender-responsive budgeting performance. However, local government units have a moderate commitment to implementing gender-based budgeting, and this level is why government budgets are not yet gendered responsive. In addition, high environmental uncertainty in local governments undermines organizational commitment to achieving gender-responsive budgets. Theory and Practical Implications – Institutional theory clearly describes the practice of isomorphism in local government. These results are helpful for the leadership and staff of the budget department in preparing the budget. Novelty – As far as the author knows, research on gender budget performance in all government work units have not been conducted in Indonesia.

Minimal usco/cusco maps are very important in functional analysis, optimization, selection theorems, the study of differentiability of Lipschitz functions, etc. We study topologies of uniform convergence on bornologies on the space of minimal usco and minimal cusco maps. We find sufficient conditions for metrizability and complete metrizability of minimal usco and minimal cusco maps equipped with the topology of uniform convergence on bornologies. We also investigate Frechet locally convex subspaces of these ´ spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavior of copper in sulfide-free metasomatic ores of the Pelagonian massif, Republic of North Macedonia has been studied. It is shown that the highest copper activity during the metasomatosis resulted in the crystallization of Cu-bearing silicates and oxides in the complete absence of sulfides and sulfosalts. Before activity decreasing, copper was primarily concentrated in Pb- and Zn-bearing arsenates and vanadates of the adelite–descloizite group, which replaced rock-forming tilasite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a scientific overview of studies of accessory cassiterite from rare metal granites, pegmatites, and accompanying greisens in 1990–2021. The earlier and newest data on the morphology, physical and chemical features of accessory cassiterite, and its economic facility are summarized. The consolidated database includes 1759 cassiterite compositions from more than 100 publications. We have confirmed previous and identified new indicator features of cassiterite from rare metal granites, pegmatites, and greisens: concentrations of isomorphous components (Ta, Nb, Fe, Ti, Mn, W, Sc, In, Zr, Hf, U), informative ratios (Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, Fe/Mn), and main substitution schemes ("tapiolite" and "hydrothermal"). The average trace element content in cassiterite from granites, pegmatites, and greisens is 6.68, 4.87, and 1.18 wt %, respectively. Based on the published data, the solubility limit of tapiolite (Fe,Mn)(Ta,Nb)2O6 in the structure of cassiterite is calculated. These limit is 0.1–11, 0.7–12.8, and 0.1–3.3% in granites, pegmatites, and greisens, respectively. The tapiolite endmember proportion in cassiterite ranges from 0.1 to 12.8%. It is noted that tantalum-bearing cassiterite is predominantly observed in Li–F plumasite granites and LCT lepidolite pegmatites with the high phosphorus concentration over the range of 0.12–2.50 wt % P2O5. The Ta2O5 content in accessory cassiterite reaches 17.9–18.4 wt % and promises additional economic prospects for rare metal pegmatites and granites. Cassiterite can be used as an alternative source of tantalum, indium, niobium, and scandium. Typical occurrences of accessory cassiterite have been identified in granites of the Beauvoir massif (France), in pegmatites of the Peerless (USA) and Varuträsk (Sweden) deposits, and in greisens of the Kester and Polyarnoe deposits (Yakutia). Accessory cassiterite is an advanced mineral geochronometer for rare metal granites and pegmatites, since it is not susceptible to radiation damage and disruption of the U–Pb isotope system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]