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O presente estudo foi realizado no Parque Ecológico Municipal José Milanese (PEMJM), localizado no Bairro Mina União, no Município de Criciúma, Santa Catarina - Brasil, tendo como objetivo realizar levantamento etnobotânico no PEMJM sobre as 31 árvores medicinais descritas por Figueiró-Leandro & Citadini-Zanette (2008), junto aos moradores do entorno do referido parque, detentores do conhecimento com plantas medicinais. Os dados foram coletados no período de fevereiro a abril de 2008 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas nas residências dos informantes. Das 31 árvores medicinais presentes no PEMJM, 14 foram citadas pelos entrevistados, atribuindo a elas, 42 indicações terapêuticas. Os farmacógenos mais utilizados foram: folhas (76,25%) e cascas (12,5%). As formas mais expressivas de preparo foram: o decocto (36,25%), e o infuso (28,75%). Em relação às indicações terapêuticas destacaram-se três espécies: Casearia sylvestris Sw. (guaçatonga) e Jacaranda puberula Cham. (carobinha), com nove indicações cada uma, e Zollernia ilicifolia (Brongn.) Vogel (carapicica-de-folha-lisa), com oito indicações. Muitas das indicações terapêuticas relatadas neste estudo não constam na literatura consultada por Figueiró-Leandro & Citadini-Zanette (2008) evidenciando a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre essas plantas e a importância do registro das informações populares.

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The objective was to characterize the regenerating stratum of a Dense Ombrophilous Lowland Forest fragment, through evaluations of richness, structure and diversity. A total of 40 plots of 25 m² (5 m x 5 m) were allocated to estimate the natural regeneration rates per species for each class of plant size (RNC), in order to obtain the total natural regeneration index (RNT). The analysis was performed with individuals with CAP ≤ 15.0 cm and height equal or superior to 1.0 m. The height classes were pre-determined, where: C1 = 1.0 m-2.0 m; C2 = 2.1 m-3.0 m; C3 = > 3.0 m. We sampled 1197 individuals distributed in 81 species, 31 families and 51 genera. The Fabaceae family was richer, followed by Melastomataceae and Myrtaceae. The species Protium heptaphyllum was highlighted with the highest value of importance (VI), presenting 14.64% of the total of VI. The species that presented the greatest RNTs were: Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand, Thyrsodium spruceanum Benth., Eschweilera ovata (Cambess.) Miers e Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber. In relation to the successional classification, there was a predominance of the species of beginning of succession, proving the young condition of the forest . The results show that the studied fragment presents a good regeneration capacity, allowing greater richness and diversity of species of the adult tree stratum in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of the vegetation on islands off the coast of southeastern Brazil are still very scarce, despite their importance for assessing, managing, and conserving insular biodiversity. We present here a list of the vascular flora of Queimada Grande Island (QGI; 24°29'10" S, 46°40'30" W, 57 ha, 33.2 km from the coast) in southeastern Brazil and describe its phytophysiognomies. The island is covered mainly by Atlantic Forest (Dense Ombrophilous Forest), as well as with rock outcrop and anthropogenic vegetation with herbaceous-shrub phytophysiognomies. QGI showed relatively low species richness (S = 125) when compared to other Brazilian coastal islands. Herbaceous (52) and climbing species (31) predominated on QGI. The richest families were Fabaceae (11 species), Poaceae (9), and Apocynaceae, Asteraceae and Orchidaceae (8 species each). Most species (S = 112) are autochthonous from different phytophysiognomies of the southeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest complex. Many species associated with anthropically disturbed areas (S = 26) can be found on QGI, including the invasive grass Melinis minutiflora. There was a slight predominance of zoochory (S = 50). We did not identify any species endemic to QGI. One of its species (Cattleya intermedia, Orchidaceae) is vulnerable at both national and regional levels, and another (Barrosoa apiculata, Asteraceae) is presumably extinct on the mainland in São Paulo State. The vascular flora of QGI originated from the mainland Atlantic Forest complex, following the pattern of other coastal islands in southeastern Brazil. The flora and vegetation of QGI reflect the combination of insular conditions, the small size of the island, habitat restriction, steep topography, incipient soils, and the past use of the area with the introduction of several foreign species. We recommend permanent monitoring of the vegetation cover of QGI and its management, in order to ensure the conservation of the local native biota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chrysophyllum is the second largest genus of Sapotaceae, with 81 species distributed in the neotropics. Little data are found in the literature regarding the morphology of seedlings and the early development of this genus. This study aims to morphologically characterize the fruit, seeds and seedlings of Chrysophyllum rufum Mart. Fruits were collected from individuals present in two fragments of the Atlantic Forest, Pernambuco. A sample of 100 seeds and 100 fruits was randomly selected to obtain the morphological data. The seeds were sown in plastic trays in a greenhouse. The fruits are bacoid, obovoid and globose with one or two functional seeds per fruit. The seeds are obovate, with the shape of the hilum ranging from elliptical transverse to oblong transverse. The embryo is cotyledonar, with a spatulated form. The cotyledons are foliaceous and whitish-translucent. The endosperm is abundant and whitish. Germination is epigeal, phanerocotylar and unipolar. The seedling has different characteristics than those of the adult individual, such as the shape and leaf consistency, type of leaf margin, type of venation variation, number of pairs of secondary veins, trichome coloring and abundance of latex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Northeastern Atlantic Forest (NAF) has a historic of intense habitat loss and fragmentation. In this context, knowledge of the species from forest remnants is urgently needed and represents a key tool for future studies and conservation strategies. Here, we present the floristic inventory of ferns and lycophytes from the Private Natural Heritage Reserve - RPPN Pedra D'Antas, located in a NAF area. The study area associated with the RPPN Frei Caneca is the Serra do Urubu, which is a hotspot for the diversity of several biological groups in the NAF. We recorded 74 fern species, distributed in 17 families and 46 genera. The most diverse families were Pteridaceae (17 species), Polypodiaceae (14 spp.), Dryopteridaceae (nine spp.) and Thelypteridaceae (seven spp.). Lycophytes were represented by four species, two families and two genera. A new record for the Northeast of Brazil, Serpocaulon hirsutulum, is presented in this study. The area has a large number of species, some of which are restricted to the NAF (e.g. Megalastrum umbrinum). Based on the richness of the study area associated with another inventory held at the RPPN Frei Caneca (138 spp.), the Serra do Urubu is corroborated as a hot-spot for the diversity of ferns and lycophytes in the NAF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a floristic inventory of Angiosperms reported from Parque Estadual Cachoeira da Fumaça (PECF), Espírito Santo, Brazil. The PECF is located between Alegre and Ibitirama, region of Caparaó, South of Espírito Santo, protecting springs and remnants of a preserved section of the Braço Norte Direito river, affluent of the Itapemirim river. The objective of this work was to increase the knowledge of the angiosperm diversity of a remnant of the Atlantic Forest located in the south of Espírito Santo, through the field survey of herbaceous, climbing, shrub and tree species occurring in the PECF. The inventory was performed with fortnightly fieldwork from January 2010 to January 2011. The samples collected are available at the herbarium VIES (Alegre). A checklist with 222 species, from 171 genera and 60 families is provided, of this total, 30 species are endemic to Brazil, four are on the red list of endangered species, and 13 are cited as new occurrences for the Espírito Santo. Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Piperaceae, Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae, Melastomataceae and Myrtaceae presented the greatest species richness. The number of taxa found in the PECF reaffirms that small remnants of forest present a high diversity of species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melastomataceae is the sixth largest family of angiosperms in term of species numbers in Brazil and the seventh largest in Espírito Santo. However, there are only few studies on this family in the state. The aim of this study was to conduct a floristic and taxonomic inventory of the Melastomataceae in the Área de Proteção Ambiental Mestre Álvaro (APAMA), in the municipality Serra, in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória. This area is an important remnant of Atlantic Forest in advanced stages of regeneration. Field expeditions were conducted in 2012-2014. In addition to the collected material, we analysed specimens from the herbaria VIES, MBML and SP. Melastomataceae is represented by 26 species and 10 genera in APAMA, an increase of 22 species compared to the UC's Management Plan, the only floral inventory for the area. Behuria mestrealvarensis (endemic to APAMA), Bertolonia ruschiana and Leandra triantha (endemic to Espírito Santo) are considered threatened of extinction. The Montane Rain Forest is the richest vegetation type in the area: 22 species of Melastomataceae were found here, 18 of which are exclusive to this vegetation. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, comments on geographic distribution, and conservation status are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Espírito Santo state has a great variety of ecosystems in a relatively small territory. The exuberance of its forests has awakened the interest of many naturalists and travelers since the nineteenth century, who left valuable recordings of these early years of occupation of the "Areas Prohibidas" (Prohibited Areas), East of Minas Gerais. The coffee crops, one of the economic basis of the state, started the loss of these forests. Such losses also boosted the conservationist movement and the scientific research in the state. The biogeography, species richness, and the ecological processes in the remaining fragments of the Espírito Santo still reveal surprises. Within the Atlantic Forest domain, the state shelters different vegetational types: Ombrophilous Dense Forest, Ombrophilous Open Forest, Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, Savannas, Pioneer Formations, and Ecological Refuges. The description and classification of the vegetation is still unfinished due to the uncertainties raised by some studies. Moreover, there is a lack of a vegetation map that adequately contemplates the diversified vegetation. Despite these limitations, we present short descriptions of the vegetation types that have been recognized in the modern literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the flora of Primulaceae in the state of Espírito Santo. The study was based on material identification from herbaria collections and field work in poorly collected areas. Primulaceae in Espírito Santo is represented by species belonging to Ardisia (1 sp.), Clavija (2 spp.), Cybianthus (10 spp.), Jacquinia (1 sp.), Lysimachia L. (1 sp.), Myrsine (14 spp.), and Stylogyne (2 spp.). Ardisia semicrenata, Cybianthus blanchetii, C. oboavatus, Myrsine balansae, M. leuconeura, Myrsine hermogenesii, M. lineata, M. villosissima, Stylogyne lhotskyana, and S. warmingii are new records for the state. Genus and species were differentiated by habit, phyllotaxy, type of inflorescences and fruit morphology. Cybianthus amplus, Jacquinia armillaris, and Myrsine parvifolia are the only species that occur exclusively in Restinga vegetation. Stylogyne lhotzkyana was collected in Restinga vegetation for the first time, and its geographic distribution was expanded to the north of the Espírito Santo. Most species occur in rainforests and semideciduous forests of the mountainous region of the state. However, riparian forests, swamps and rocky outcrops shelter species that were recorded exclusively for these environments, as M. leuconeura, M. rubra, and M. villosissima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chrysophyllum is the second largest genus in the Sapotaceae family with 71 known species, which are mostly distributed in the Neotropics. In Brazil, 31 species are recorded, out of them 14 are endemic. Recent manuscripts listed nine taxa as native from Espírito Santo state, however, taxonomic data and the real identity of them is incipient. Thus, herein key identification, illustrations, taxonomic comments, and information about the conservation status and geographical distribution of native Chrysophyllum from Espírito Santo state are provided. A total of seven species were recorded for areas of Tabuleiro Forest, Montane Forest, and Restingas: Chrysophyllum flexuosum, C. gonocarpum, C. januariense, C. lucentifolium, C. splendens, C. viride, and Chrysophyllum sp. nov. The most important characters for specific distinction are: 1. Vegetative: leaf shape, foliar indumentum and coloring and density, secondary leaf vein arrangement, and presence/absence of lenticels on the branches; 2. Reproductive: corolla size and indument in the reproductive verticils, shape and color of the fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant checklist made for Angiosperms or only for the family Myrtaceae in Espírito Santo presented divergent results regarding the richness of Campomanesia species in this state. The present study aims to elucidate this issue from the development of a floristic-taxonomic approach to the genus in the Espírito Santo state. Collections deposited at herbaria CVRD, MBML, RB and VIES were analyzed, and the fieldwork were made in localities representative of all the phytophysiognomies of Espírito Santo from january 2015 to july 2016. Ten of these species had their occurrence confirmed for the state, two are new records, and one is new to science (Campomanesia sepalifolia), being described and illustrated here for the first time. The morphological characterization of the species was made by descriptions and illustrations; an identification key and maps represented the species geographic distribution are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a floristic-taxonomic treatment of Psidium in the state of Espírito Santo, and is a result of fieldwork combined with analyses of herbarium specimens. Fourteen species of the genus were recognized in Espírito Santo state (P. brownianum, P. cattleianum, P. cauliflorum, P. guajava, P. guineense, P. longipetiolatum, P. myrtoides, P. oblongatum, P. oligospermum, P. ovale, P. rhombeum, P. rufum P. sartorianum, and Psidium sp.), accounting for about 34% of the species richness estimated for the genus in the Atlantic Rainforest biome. The species occur predominantly in lowland forests up to 700 meters above sea level. These areas are highly threatened due to urbanization of coastal areas and agricultural expansion in the state Espírito Santo. Therefore, the conservation of Psidium species in this state requires the creation of more lowland protected areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the species of Bertolonia (Melastomataceae) found in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. It is based on the analysis of herbarium collections, specific bibliography and collections in the field. A total of nine species were recorded for the state, most of them endemic to the state, with one new species (B. michelangeliana). An updated identification key, descriptions and comments about species distributions are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A taxonomic study of the Ericaceae the Espírito Santo state, Southeastern Brazil, Atlantic Forest domain, is presented. Ericaceae is represented by 12 genera and 98 species in the Brazil, with predominant distribution in the southeastern "campos rupestres" and "campos de altitude". In Espírito Santo, 11 species belonging to three genera are recorded - Agarista (two spp.), Gaultheria (two spp.) and Gaylussacia (seven spp.), of which Agarista revoluta, Gaultheria eriophylla var. eriophylla, Gaultheria serrata, Gaylussacia fasciculata and Gaylussacia caparoensis are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, latter is included in the category "Endangered" (EN) by "Livro Vermelho da Flora do Brasil". Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations of diagnostic characters, and comments of geographic distribution, ecological and taxonomic are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ingeae is an important tribe of Leguminosae with 950 species in 36 genera, 24 endemic to the New World. This manuscript is the florist treatment of 16 species of Ingeae, organized in seven genera: Abarema (six spp.), Albizia (two spp.), Calliandra (two spp.), Chloroleucon (two spp.), Enterolobium (two spp.), Leucochloron (one sp.) e Zygia (one sp.) in the state of Espírito Santo. The genus Inga will be discussed in a forthcoming manuscript, due to its number of species. Among the recorded species, fourteen (88%) are endemic to Brazil and Abarema barnebyana is restricted to Espírito Santo. Seven species (44%) are restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome. Fourteen species occurs in the Dense Rain Forest, eight species are found in the Restinga, and seven species in the Seasonal Semidecidual Forest. Identifications keys, descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic comments, flowering and fruiting periods, geographic distribution, and habitats are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Ambiência is the property of Revista Ambiencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Loganiaceae includes about 350 species arranged in 13 genera with pantropical distribution. Spigelia, with ca. 90 Neotropical species, is one of the most diverse genera in the family. A total of 54 species of Spigelia are known to occur in Brazil, thusmaking the country the genus' diversity center. Fruit morphology in Spigelia has been already considered, nevertheless, little attention has been given to the morphology of the basal differentiated portion of the fruit, the carpoatlas. This study presents a key to the genera and the taxonomic treatment for Spigelia in the state of Rio de Janeiro, focusing on the morphology of the carpoatlas. Nine species are accepted, with S. reflexicalyx being reestablished in the present work. All species are described, illustrated and commented, together with a distribution map and an identification key. The carpoatlas, foramen and stigma were shown to vary greatly in shape and size among the studied species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A floristic study of Cactaceae in Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil is provided. The family is represented in the area by five genera and 14 species, listed as follows: Hatiora salicornioides, Lepismium houlletianum, Pereskia aculeata, Rhipsalis agudoensis, R. campos-portoana, R. elliptica, R. floccosa subsp. pulvinigera, R. juengeri, R. neves-armondii, R. pilocarpa, R. pulchra, Schlumbergera lutea subsp. lutea, S. microsphaerica and S. opuntioides. Five species are included in different cathegories of threaten. The data suggests that the conservation and maintenance of this environmental protected area is relevant to provide subsidies to the knowledge of Cactaceae for the flora of Brazil. Identification key, morphological descriptions, illustrations, and comments on taxonomy and ecology are provided for each species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psidium species of Macaé de Cima, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were revisited after just over 20 years since the publication of the Myrtaceae study for this area of Atlantic forest, which currently constitutes an Environmental Protection Area. The species identification was based on analysis of herbarium collections, and observation of individuals in the field. The results include the taxonomic treatment, identification key, comments and photographic record of the species. The number of species of Psidium in the study area was expanded to three for six species, one of which P. ovale represents a new record for the state of Rio de Janeiro. The results showed the need for continued studies of flora, especially in high-diversity areas, and its importance for conservation of species and protected areas management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geographical distribution of leishmaniasis has undoubtedly expanded, and is now being reported to be in areas that were previously non-endemic. This study therefore aimed to investigate whether there is any variation in the structure and in the composition of phlebotomine communities along an environmental gradient - from a mesic to a xeric environment, across different climatic periods (rainy and dry seasons). Furthermore, we test whether there were differences in sex ratio of sand flies between wet and dry environments. A total of 535 specimens of sand flies belonging to 18 species were recorded. Richness, abundance, and composition of species were significatively higher in the xeric environment (semidecidual Forest) compared to the mesic environment (Riparina Forest). We unveiled site specific differences in sand fly collections since the community composition changes with the geographic distance among the sampling points. These results led to the conclusion that for sand flies species, the environmental conditions available for each species could be different within the habitat taking into account the degree of humidity in the forest as well as the climatic season (dry or wet). The present study gives a valuable contribution to the knowledge of sand flies, as a group of insects, from the Atlantic Forest biome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species assigned to the genus Pouteria is described and illustrated. Pouteria samborae is morphologically similar to Pouteria glomerata subsp. glomerata and Pouteria macrocarpa, but differs from them by its eucampto-brochidodromous venation pattern, well developed intersecondary veins, tertiary veins with a loose reticulum, and fimbriate inner sepal margins. Environmental, geographic distribution and conservation information for the new species is provided. In addition, a key to the four-lobed corolla species of Pouteria with ciliate margins from the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Serra Negra is part of the Mantiqueira mountain range within the Atlantic domain and is composed of a vegetation mosaic of campos rupestres and different forest types. It lies in the southern part of the Zona da Mata (21°58'24"S e 43°53'15"W, within the municipalities of Lima Duarte, Olaria, Rio Preto and Santa Bárbara do Monte Verde. The Sapindaceae family is represented in this area by five genera and 14 species: Allophylus semidentatus, Cupania ludowigii, C. vernalis, Matayba juglandifolia, M. marginata, Paullinia carpopoda, P. trigonia, Serjania deflexa, S. elegans, S. fuscifolia, S. laruotteana, S. laxiflora, S. multiflora and Serjania reticulata. Among these, S. laxiflora stands out as an endemic species of Minas Gerais. Allophylus semidentatus, C. vernalis, P. trigonia, S. fuscifolia, S. laruotteana and S. reticulata have wide geographic distributions. A taxonomic treatment of the family in this area is presented, including an identification key, morphological descriptions, illustrations, geographical distributions and commentary on each species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The taxonomic study of family Campanulaceae of Serra Negra is presented, a region where campos rupestres and montane forests predominate, located in the south of Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais, in the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range. We recorded 10 species in three genera: Centropogon cornutus, Lobelia exaltata, L. hilaireana, L. fistulosa, L. thapsoidea, Siphocampylus aff. fluminensis, S. longipedunculatus, S. macropodus, S. nitidus, and S. psilophyllus. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, comments on taxonomic, ecological and geographic distribution are provided. It is worth noting the rediscovery of S. psilophyllus after 30 years without collection records for the species, which advised further analysis due to being indicative of an endangered species, currently known only in five locations in small patches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Itatiaia National Park is located in southeastern Brazil, in the highest part of Mantiqueira Mountain Range. A large area of the Park is covered by a Dense Montane Rain Forest, being extremely rich in epiphytic species. The aim of this work was to recognize the species of ferns and lycophytes with higher density index and analyze the abundance of these plants in three elevation zones. It was established three sampling sites between 800 and 1200 m at intervals of 200 m. At each site were established 30 plots of 25m². Phorophytes were considered natural sample unit of inventoried plants at base of their trunks (0-2 m high). Thirty-six species of epiphytic ferns and lycophytes distributed in 20 genera and nine families were found. The families with highest species richness were Aspleniaceae and Polypodiaceae. Campyloneurum lapathifolium, Mickelia scandens, Blechnum acutum, and Didymoglossum reptans were the most abundant species. The 800 m zone showed a higher diversity than the others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Iheringia. Série Zoologia is the property of Fundacao Zoobotanica do Rio Grande do Sul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance and select probability density functions to describe the diametric distributions of the forest community and the main three species in a tropical rain forest in southern of Rio de Janeiro State. We tested the functions: Normal, Normal Log, Beta, Gamma, Sb Johnson and Weibull. Adjustments were carried out using Solver tool (MSExcel®) which uses the reduced linear gradient algorithm, optimizing the functions parameters. Value D Kolmogorov-Smirnov and estimation of standard error (Syx%) were evaluate to select the best model. In general, Sb Johnson and Weibull functions presented better statistics adjustment and greater precision in the estimates. Even representing the reality of the distribution, the smaller class intervals did not provide better adjustments, more precise estimates being provided by the larger ranges and smaller classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fragmentation of the Atlantic Forest, together with its importance, are stimuli for basic conservationist research and recovery of remnants, which can be done through environmental indicators. With this, the objective of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of litter stock as an environmental indicator in hillside forest fragments. The study was carried out in dry and wet seasons in four fragments of Ombrófila Densa forest in Itaboraí, RJ. The litter stock in the smallest forest fragment (P2) was lower than the others and there were no differences between the thirds of the fragments. Thus, this indicator showed to portray the fragments in the same way as their biotic and abiotic characteristics, mainly in the dry season of the year, presenting relations with the floristic composition. The leaves and branches and bark fractions were the most representative, but the remains fraction was the best environmental indicator in this study. This is a result of the contribution, stock and decomposition promoted by soil organisms, presented lower values of weight and higher C N-1 ratio in the P2 fragment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myristicaceae includes about 20 genera and 500 species and in Brazil there are five genera and 64 species, 59 in the Amazon. Virola is the genus most widely distributed in Brazil. In Rio de Janeiro, the only two species found are Virola bicuhyba and V. gardneri. These two species are seen on the south coast and north-central part of the state. Key, descriptions, taxonomic comments, information on phenology, geographic distribution, habitats, conservation status and illustrations are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este trabalho teve por objetivo estimar o estoque volumétrico, de biomassa e de carbono das árvores (nível 1), sub-bosque (nível 2) e serapilheira (nível 3), em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecidual em Viçosa, estado de Minas Gerais.Os dados para o nível 1 de abordagem foram obtidos em 15 parcelas de 0,1ha cada. Para o nível 2 e 3 foram utilizadas 15 parcelas de 25 m² e 6,25 m², respectivamente, localizadas dentro das parcelas do nível 1.O volume total com casca nas árvores vivas foi de 281,51 ±105,80m³ ha-1, sendo que 15,2% deste valor corresponderam à casca. O fuste com casca contribuiu com 80,30% do volume total e a copa com 19,70%.O total de biomassa foi igual a 227,40 ± 77,81 t ha-1. As árvores vivas contribuíram em média com 82,8% deste total, seguido da serapilheira (5,1%); espécies não arbóreas (4,2%); árvores mortas (3,5%); arvoretas (2,9%); mudas (1,5%). Do total de biomassa, 181,48 t ha-1 (79,8%) estavam acima do solo; 34,3 t ha-1 (15,1%) nas raízes e 11,62 t ha-1 (5,1%) na serapilheira.O estoque total de carbono foi de 108,98 ± 35,33 t ha-1. As árvores vivas contribuíram com 82,6%; serapilheira 5,2%; espécies não arbóreas 4,2%; árvores mortas 3,5%; arvoretas 3,0%; mudas 1,5%. Do estoque total de carbono, 86,93 t ha-1 (79,7%) estavam acima do solo; 16,41 t ha-1 (15,1%) nas raízes e 5,64 t ha-1 (5,2%) na serapilheira.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050988445Visando contribuir para o conhecimento dos fatores físicos que afetam a estrutura da comunidade vegetal em remanescentes de mata atlântica do sul da Bahia foi analisada a variação anual do microclima do sub-bosque num fragmento de floresta de encosta na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra do Teimoso (RST) e num sistema agroflorestal rústico utilizado para o cultivo do cacau (Cabruca), localizado nas proximidades da RST. Dados da abertura do dossel (CO), da temperatura do ar (Ta), da umidade relativa do ar (RH) e do déficit de pressão de vapor (VPD) foram coletados entre abril de 2005 e abril de 2006 na base (RSTB, 340 m) e no topo (RSTT, 640 m) da RST e na Cabruca (CB, 250 m). Dados de precipitação pluvial, Ta, RH e VPD foram também coletados numa área aberta (OA, 270 m). As maiores precipitações (> 100 mm) ocorreram em Novembro de 2005 e Abril de 2006, enquanto outubro de 2005 foi o mês mais seco (< 20 mm). CO variou entre 2,5% na CB (Abril, 2006) e 7,7% na RST (Outubro, 2005). Os baixos valores de pluviosidade registrados em Outubro de 2005 afetaram VPDmax em todos os ambientes. Estes efeitos foram mais pronunciados em OA, seguido de CB, RSTB e RSTT. Os valores de Ta, RH e VPD em CB foram mais próximos aos valores observados em OA do que aos valores observados no interior da floresta.

We describe a new species of Atractus from Serra do Cipó, at the southeastern versant of Serra do Espinhaço, an inland mountain range nearly parallel to the Brazilian Atlantic coast. The new species is morphologically similar to A. paraguayensis and A. potschi with which it shares: 15 dorsal scale rows; white occipital region in juvenile specimens; dorsal ground color reddish pink to red (in life) with alternate black transversal spots, blotches or transversal bands; seven upper and lower labial scales; ventrals and subcaudals creamish white; hemipenis slightly bilobed, semicapitate and semicalyculate. The new species differs from both taxa mainly on the basis of exclusive coloration characters (number and shape of transversal bands) and hemipenial morphology (median face of the lobes without ornamentation), besides punctual meristic (number of ventral scales and maxillary teeth) and morphometric (adult snout-vent length) differences. Finally, we provide a discussion regarding the potential affinities of the new species and we redefine some Atractus species groups in order to better accommodate species sharing unique combinations of morphological characters.Descrevemos uma nova espécie de Atractus da Serra do Cipó, na vertente sudeste da Serra do Espinhaço, uma cadeia montanhosa continental aproximadamente paralela à costa Atlântica brasileira. A nova espécie é morfologicamente similar a A. paraguayensis e A. potschi com as quais compartilha: 15 séries de escamas dorsais; região occipital branca em espécimes jovens; coloração dorsal de fundo variando de rosa avermelhado a vermelho (em vida) com pontuações, manchas e/ou bandas transversais pretas; sete supralabiais e infralabiais; ventrais e subcaudais creme esbranquiçado; hemipênis levemente bilobado, semicapitulado e semicaliculado. A nova espécie difere de ambos os táxons principalmente a partir de caracteres exclusivos de coloração (número e forma das bandas transversais), da morfologia hemipeniana (face mediana dos lobos sem ornamentação) além de diferenças merísticas (número de escamas ventrais e dentes maxilares) e morfométricas (comprimento rostro-cloacal dos adultos). Apresenta-se uma discussão sobre as possíveis afinidades da nova espécie e redefinem-se alguns grupos de espécies de Atractus no sentido de acomodar melhor as espécies que compartilham combinações únicas de caracteres morfológicos.

Para ampliar o conhecimento sobre as matas de Restinga arenosa no Rio Grande do Sul, foi realizado estudo florístico e fitossociológico do componente arbustivo-arbóreo de um capão de Restinga do Parque Estadual de Itapeva (PEVA). Neste estudo foi usado o método de parcelas, incluindo todos os indivíduos com DAS (diâmetro a altura do solo) mínimo de 2,5 cm e totalizando uma área de 0,5 ha. A composição florística resultou em riqueza total de 81 espécies. A densidade total arbustivo-arbórea no capão foi de 4.240 ind/ha. A família com maior riqueza específica foi Myrtaceae e, entre as espécies com maior valor de importância, estão Myrsine umbellata Mart. e Sorocea bonplandii (Baill.) W. C. Burger. Na regeneração natural as 10 primeiras espécies acumularam 54% da regeneração natural total, com índices que variaram de 13,5% a 0,2%. A elevada riqueza observada evidenciou a contribuição da "Porta de Torres" como importante corredor migratório das espécies atlânticas na vegetação do Rio Grande do Sul, agregando novas informações sobre a florística e estrutura comunitária da Restinga do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados apresentados contribuirão para posteriores estudos de dinâmica no PEVA e para programas de manejo, preservação e recuperação ambiental.To enlarge the knowledge on sandy Restinga forests in Rio Grande do Sul, it was carried out a shrub-tree component phytosociological and floristic studies of a Restinga forest from Parque Estadual de Itapeva (PEVA). In this study, it was used the the plot method, including all the individuals with DAS (soil height diameter) minimum of 2.5 cm and totaling an area of 0.5 ha. The floristic composition resulted in a total richness of 81 species. The shrub-tree total density in the forest was 4,240 individulas/ha. The family with the highest specific richness was Myrtaceae and, among the species with the highest importance value are Myrsine umbellata Mart. and Sorocea bonplandii (Baill.) W. C. Burger. In the natural regeneration the 10 first species accumulated 54% of the total natural regeneration, with rates from 13.5% to 0.2%. The high observed richness showed the contribution of "Porta de Torres" as an important Atlantic species migratory corridor in the vegetation in Rio Grande do Sul, adding new information on Restinga community structure and floristic in Rio Grande do Sul. The results will contribute to further studies on PEVA dynamic and to environmental reclamation, preservation and handling programs.

Plantas do gênero Pinus são conhecidas pelo potencial de invasão biológica. O Campus da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) foi arborizado na década de 1960 com o plantio massivo de Pinus elliottii, e hoje a espécie está alastrada. Neste estudo, realizado no Campus da UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG foi analisada a estrutura populacional da espécie em dois ambientes de regeneração florestal: aberto (pastagem abandonada) e fechado (floresta secundária). Partiu-se da premissa que o ambiente aberto apresentaria uma população mais estruturada, pela preferência da espécie por áreas abertas. A amostragem foi por parcelas aleatórias (15 parcelas de 5 m x 5 m em cada ambiente), onde foram medidos todos os indivíduos da espécie (árvores: DAP ≥ 5 cm; arvoretas: DAP < 5 cm e H ≥ 1 m; e mudas: H < 1 m). Foram amostrados 93 indivíduos (2480 ind. ha-1) no ambiente aberto e 122 (3253 ind. ha-1) no fechado. Ao contrário do esperado, os ambientes não diferiram quanto aos parâmetros analisados, ambos com populações estruturadas e auto-regenerantes. A ausência de correlações significativas (rs, P > 0,05) com as variáveis ambientais indicou que a competição por recursos com a vegetação nativa não é um problema aparente para a permanência da espécie. Plants of the genus Pinus are known worldwide by biological invasion potential. In the 1960s there were massive plantations of Pinus elliottii in the Campus of Juiz de Fora University, and nowadays the species is widespread. This study analyzed the species population structure in two distinct forest regeneration environments: open area (abandoned pasture) and closed-canopy (secondary forest) on the campus of UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. The hypothesis were that the open environment would present a better structured population, due to the preference of species for open areas. Random plots were allocated (15 plots of 5 m x 5 m in each environment), and all individuals of the species (trees: dbh . 5 cm, saplings, dbh 0.05) with environmental variables showed that competition for resources within the local vegetation is not an apparent problem for the permanence of species.