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In 2016 and 2017, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene established Neighborhood Health Action Centers (Action Centers) in disinvested communities of color as part of a place-based model to advance health equity. This model includes co-located partners, a referral and linkage system, and community space and programming. In 2018, we surveyed visitors to the East Harlem Action Center to provide a more comprehensive understanding of visitors’ experiences. The survey was administered in English, Spanish, and Mandarin. Respondents were racially diverse and predominantly residents of East Harlem. The majority had been to the East Harlem Action Center previously. Most agreed that the main service provider for their visit made them feel comfortable, treated them with respect, spoke in a way that was easy to understand, and that they received the highest quality of service. A little more than half of returning visitors reported engaging with more than one Action Center program in the last 6 months. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported receiving at least one referral at the Action Center. Two thirds were aware that the Action Center offered a number of programs and services and half were aware that referrals were available. Additional visits to the Action Center were associated with increased likelihood of engaging with more than one program and awareness of the availability of programs and referral services. Findings suggest that most visitors surveyed had positive experiences, and more can be done to promote the Action Center and the variety of services it offers.

Our aim was to evaluate if genetic diversity of Pneumocystis cariniicould influence the detection by molecular techniques in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and in non‐invasive specimens (induced sputum, oropharyngeal washing and serum/blood). P. cariniiis morphologically similar in different hosts although several strains have been identified by biomolecular techniques. Variations of mt‐LSU and ITSs sequences could determine a lack of hybridization of some clinical samples and could have diagnostic consequences with loss in sensitivity and specificity of available molecular tests, but at the moment no data support a significant impact of genetic diversity in these sequences on molecular detection of P. cariniifor clinical purposes.

Public housing provides affordable housing and, potentially, housing stability for low-income families. Housing stability may be associated with lower incidence or prevalence and better management of a range of health conditions through many mechanisms. We aimed to test the hypotheses that public housing residency is associated with both housing stability and reduced risk of diabetes incidence, and the relationship between public housing and diabetes risk varies by levels of housing stability. Using 2004-16 World Trade Center Health Registry data, we compared outcomes (housing stability measured by sequence analysis of addresses, self-reported diabetes diagnoses) between 730 New York City public housing residents without prevalent diabetes at baseline and 730 propensity score-matched non-public housing residents. Sequence analysis found 3 mobility patterns among all 1460 enrollees, including stable housing (65%), limited mobility (27%), and unstable housing patterns (8%). Public housing residency was associated with stable housing over 12 years. Diabetes risk was not associated with public housing residency; however, among those experiencing housing instability, a higher risk of diabetes was found among public housing versus non-public housing residents. Of those stably housed, the association remained insignificant. These findings provide important evidence for a health benefit of public housing via housing stability among people living in public housing.

The paper presents the findings on end-users' experiences and expectations about living in multi-family Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEBs). The survey in four European countries (Slovenia, Italy, Denmark and Germany) was part of EU Horizon 2020 project CoNZEBs (2017-2019) and addressed end-users living or thinking about living in multi-family NZEBs. Targeted end-users were living (as tenants or owners) in either ordinary buildings or in high performance buildings such as NZEBs (mandatory after 2020 according to Directive 2010/31/EU). In the survey, the following topics were addressed: the level of end-user's understanding of the NZEB concept, the source and quality of information on NZEB from the end-users' perspective, the importance of various apartment features for the end-users, perception of NZEB characterizing technologies, and decision triggers for living in NZEB. Concerns, doubts and eventual fears about living in NZEBs were studied to enable a tailored information for future end-users, to increase the demand for NZEB and beyond NZEB buildings and to improve their acceptability. To facilitate the living in NZEBs a guide for end-users was developed, explaining the "Myths" about NZEBs as well as presenting testimonials of current NZEB users in four participating countries.

While the day in which nearly zero energy buildings is quickly approaching, their construction cost remains higher than minimum requirements' ones, in this framework operates CoNZEBs (Solution sets for the cost reduction of new Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings) Project, funded EU Horizon 2020. This paper explores a critical point identified by the project: potential cost reductions in the design and construction process. Starting from current costs and assessed the lack of available data, a survey is carried out focusing on two main stakeholders: i) design and planning process actors; ii) construction companies and contractors. About 100 answers are collected within the participant countries (Denmark, Germany, Italy, Slovenia), providing insights about issues and potential solutions for the process cost reductions. The results show differences among countries in terms of expectations for the potentials solutions, mainly related to the national market characteristics. The survey also shows the critical issue of the increase for construction costs respect to the originally planned ones Another session presents the impact of exemplary solutions aimed at optimising the design and construction process costs; they are grouped in three categories: specific building envelope and energy system technologies, specific design solutions, innovative project management systems. Quantitative examples are provided for each category.

Nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs) are required as the minimum standard for all new buildings in Europe by January 2021. NZEBS should, according to the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) [1], be cost optimal, i.e. the cost of constructing and operating the building over its lifetime should be at its minimum. The EU Horizon2020 research project CoNZEBs, identify and assess technology solution sets that lead to cost reductions of new NZEBs in four EU member states. Focussing on buildings that comply with national NZEB requirements, designers can easily ignore alternative solutions that make the building cheaper while remaining within national requirements. This is not done intentionally, but primarily due to use of a traditional design thinking where optimisation is done on component level instead of a more holistic approach. Changing one building component may influence the cost and performance of other components. These alternative solutions take offset in a typical national multi-family building design and analyses the different lifetime costs in terms of costs for construction, and energy. Analyses of costs in different countries reveals different solutions sets being optimal. In CoNZEBs we compare different solution sets and investigate the possibility for "exporting" solution sets from one country to another.

The next level of energy performance of new buildings within the European Union will be the Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB). A lot of work has been spent on pilot and demonstration buildings on this and even higher energy performance levels throughout many EU countries. However, most of the high performance buildings realised so far result in additional investment costs when compared to the current national minimum energy performance requirements. The considerably higher investment costs are one of the main barriers to the early application of the NZEB-level in Europe. The EU Horizon 2020 project CoNZEBs works on technical solution sets that result in lower investment costs for NZEBs, bringing the costs close to those of conventional new buildings. The project focus is on multi-family houses. In each of the four participant countries Germany, Denmark, Italy and Slovenia a team of researchers is analysing which sets of market-ready technologies at the building envelope, the services systems for heating, domestic hot water, ventilation and cooling (where required) in combination with renewable energy systems can fulfil the NZEB requirements at lower costs than those incurred by the national mainstream NZEB application. Additional efforts are being spent on the life-cycle costs and the life-cycle analysis of the solution sets, as well as on the impact of future developments of primary energy factors, energy costs and technology efficiencies. Since details of the CoNZEBs work are presented in several additional papers, this document gives an overview of the different tasks and results that are available so far.

An interview with improvisers Alicia Grant, also known as Coco, and Zinzi Buchanan, also known as Roro, is presented. They talk about the PORCH program, in which contact improvisation mixes with other dance improvisation and performance practices. They discuss some of their performances and how they prepare for such events.

Our aim was to evaluate if genetic diversity of Pneumocystis carinii could influence the detection by molecular techniques in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and in non-invasive specimens (induced sputum, oropharyngeal washing and serum/blood). P. carinii is morphologically similar in different hosts although several strains have been identified by biomolecular techniques. Variations of mt-LSU and ITSs sequences could determine a lack of hybridization of some clinical samples and could have diagnostic consequences with loss in sensitivity and specificity of available molecular tests, but at the moment no data support a significant impact of genetic diversity in these sequences on molecular detection of P. carinii for clinical purposes.