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A variety of unconformity types are commonly developed during the rifting of a continental basin. Identifying their origin and evolution is a prerequisite to understanding the complex tectono-sedimentary evolution of the basin and to evaluate the basin's oil and gas resources. Based on the 2D/3D seismic, geophysical logging, and subsurface lithological data, the unconformities within the rift layer of the Lishu Depression in the Songliao Basin are identified as disconformities, nonconformities, and four 'types' of angular unconformities. Their evolution and origin are analyzed by associating the unconformities with the basin's tectonic evolution. The results show that the rifting of the Lishu Depression was not a continuous process. Instead, several regional tectonic episodes influenced the basin's evolution. Episodic compressional events and a phase of extension along the main faults determined the basin configuration and sedimentary fill characteristics of different sub-rifting stages. The tectonic history and related paleogeomorphology changes are the dominant factors in the formation of these different unconformity types. During the rifting process, the type and distribution of unconformity varied. In the initial rifting stage, the basin developed a nonconformity and four types of angular unconformities as the result of both regional uplift and fault block tilt. Rotation and tilting of the fault blocks during the intensive rifting resulted in two types of angular unconformities. Finally, in the recession rifting stage, a different form of angular unconformity and disconformity developed, mainly as a result of the regional uplift and subsequent subsidence. Key words: Songliao Basin, rifting stage of continental basin, unconformity, tectonic activity, basin configuration, basin in-fill. Differents types de discordances se developpent typiquement durant le rifting d'un bassin continental. La determination de leur origine et de leur evolution est necessaire pour comprendre l'evolution tectonosedimentaire complexe du bassin et evaluer ses ressources petrolieres et gazieres. A la lumiere de donnees lithologiques de subsurface, de sismique 2D/3D et de diagraphie geophysique, les discordances dans la couche de rift de la depression de Lishu dans le bassin de Songliao sont identifiees comme etant des discordances d'erosion, des discontinuites et quatre <> de discordances angulaires. L'evolution et l'origine des discordances sont analysees en associant ces dernieres a l'evolution tectonique du bassin. Les resultats montrent que le rifting de la depression de Lishu n'etait pas un processus continu. Plusieurs episodes tectoniques regionaux ont plutot influence l'evolution du bassin. Des episodes de compression et une phase d'extension le long des failles principales ont determine la configuration du bassin et les caracteristiques du remplissage sedimentaire des differentes etapes de rifting. L'histoire tectonique et les changements paleogeomorphologiques associes ont joue des roles dominants dans la formation de ces differents types de discordances. Durant le processus de rifting, le type et la repartition des discordances variaient. Durant l'etape initiale de rifting, une discontinuite et quatre types de discordances angulaires se sont developpes dans le bassin en raison a la fois du soulevement regional et du basculement de blocs de faille. La rotation et le basculement de blocs de faille durant le rifting intensif se sont traduits en deux types de discordances angulaires. Enfin, a l'etape de rifting recessif, une forme differente de discordance angulaire et de discordance d'erosion s'est developpee, le fait principalement du soulevement regional et de la subsidence subsequente. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : bassin de Songliao, etape de rifting d'un bassin continental, discordance, activite tectonique, configuration du, Introduction In continental basins, the tectonic evolution and sedimentary filling processes during the rifting stage are more complicated than those of the post-rift thermal subsidence period (Bosworth 1985; Roberts et [...]

As precious cultural heritage, earthen sites are susceptible to various natural factors, leading to diverse forms of degradation. To protect earthen sites, the effects of super absorbent polymers (SAPs) on soil water retention, physical properties, and color compatibility at different concentrations were studied. After applying SAP treatment to an earthen site with different degrees of weathering, we drew the following conclusions. SAP-2 improved soil water retention capacity, increased soil water content, and slowed down the precipitation of soluble salts. At the same time, SAP-2 had the least effect on soil color difference and reduced the development of cracks by filling soil pores and enhancing the cohesion between soil particles, thus giving the earthen sites better weathering resistance. Therefore, the results provide a useful reference for the surface cracking of earthen sites in semi-arid areas and the degradation caused by flaking and block spalling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a scoping review of China's academic resource databases, relevant official websites, news reports and public accounts spanning a period from the end of 2019 to the end of 2022, to investigate the challenges in scientific integrity and ethical soundness of research conducted during and immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic in China. By conducting the scoping review with keywords related to the research questions in Chinese, relevant data were extracted and classified into four categories: challenges in research, challenges in ethics review, challenges in publishing academic work, and research ethics guidelines during and after the pandemic. The paper points out that problematic studies and findings increased with the escalation in medical research projects during the pandemic in China. The situation faced by researchers was more difficult than before the pandemic. The mode of informed consent, and ethics review and oversight systems also underwent changes. In addition, Traditional Chinese Medicine as an alternative medical treatment for COVID-19, attracted attention from the research community and became a topic of discussion. We conclude that the various challenges and concerns identified indicate a need for a proper and timely response system be formulated in preparation for possible future occurrences of new pandemics or other critical situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite significant strides in digital classification of Chinese ink paintings, existing methods predominantly rely on low-level features, insufficient for capturing the nuanced artistic styles of such works. This study introduces a novel multi-branch residual network that leverages depth correlation features to enhance the classification of Chinese ink paintings. We innovatively combine global style features, extracted using the Gram matrix, with local brushstroke features obtained via the Holistically-Nested Edge Detection(HED) method. This dual-feature approach addresses the limitations of previous studies by incorporating high-level stylistic nuances alongside low-level details, resulting in a more robust classification system. Quantitative results demonstrate a marked improvement in classification accuracy, with our network outperforming existing state-of-the-art models by significant margins in both artist and genre classification tasks. This advancement not only underscores the efficacy of integrating diverse feature sets but also paves the way for more sensitive and accurate management of digital art repositories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited by the kinetic imbalance between the cathode and anode, combined with anode crushing caused by ion insertion/extraction, it is difficult to realize the simultaneous acquisition of high power/energy density of capacitors, which significantly limits the development of lithium/sodium ion hybrid capacitors (LIHCs/SIHCs). Here, we report a Co@NC/Ti3C2Tx composite with synergistic effects as an anode for LIHCs and SIHCs. The prepared nitrogen-doped hollow polyhedron structured material possesses abundant mesopores, electrochemically active surface sites, and good mechanical robustness. The cavity structure serves as an ion buffer pool effectively mitigating the volume change and alleviating the aggregation of Ti3C2Tx lamellar materials, facilitating the penetration of electrolyte. Highly conductive Ti3C2Tx enhances the electrical conductivity of the metal–organic framework (MOF) derived materials, facilitates fast electron/ion transport, accelerates the reaction kinetics of the materials, and significantly reduces internal stresses to provide long-lasting cycling stability performance. Electrochemical results show that Co@NC/Ti3C2Tx composites exhibit ultra-high energy densities (187 W h kg−1 and 128 W h kg−1) at high power densities (∼154 W kg−1) in LIHCs and SIHCs, respectively. In addition, they exhibit excellent cycling stability (90.1% and 86.2% capacity retention after 10 000 cycles at 2 A g−1) and coulombic efficiency (∼100%). Impressively, the improved specific capacity, structural stability, electronic conductivity and effective ion buffering capacity of the composites in a novel combinatorial approach provide cutting-edge insights into developing high-performance LIHC/SIHC anode materials for a wide range of scientific and industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lymphoma is the most common secondary cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in adults. Lymphoma‐associated HLH (LA‐HLH) in the elderly population is not rare, however, little has been reported regarding clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of LA‐HLH in the elderly population. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a multicenter cohort of elderly patients with LA‐HLH. Clinicopathological features and treatment information were collected. The impacts of baseline characteristics and treatments on survival outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 173 elderly patients with LA‐HLH were included. Compared with young patients, elderly patients showed different clinical and laboratory features. Regarding lymphoma subtypes, B‐cell lymphoma was more common in elderly patients (elderly 61.3% vs. young 32.3%, p < 0.001) while T/NK‐cell lymphoma was more common in young patients (65.3% vs. 35.3%, p < 0.001). The median survival of elderly patients with LA‐HLH was only 92 days. The prior use of HLH therapy or etoposide‐containing HLH therapy was not associated with improved overall survival. T/NK‐cell subtype, a lower platelet count (≤53 × 109/L), a lower albumin level (≤32.1 g/L), a higher LDH level (>1407 U/L), and a higher creatinine level (>96.8 μmol/L) were independent predictors of decreased overall survival and 60‐day survival. A prognostic index was established and demonstrated to be robust in predicting the overall survival and 60‐day survival of elderly patients with LA‐HLH. Conclusions: LA‐HLH in elderly patients displayed heterogeneous clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. Treatments need to be optimized to improve the outcomes of elderly patients with LA‐HLH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurately extracting large-scale offshore floating raft aquaculture (FRA) areas is crucial for supporting scientific planning and precise aquaculture management. While remote sensing technology offers advantages such as wide coverage, rapid imaging, and multispectral capabilities for FRA monitoring, the current methods face challenges in terms of establishing spatial–spectral correlations and extracting multiscale features, thereby limiting their accuracy. To address these issues, we propose an innovative multiscale spatial–spectral fusion network (MSSFNet) designed specifically for extracting offshore FRA areas from multispectral remote sensing imagery. MSSFNet effectively integrates spectral and spatial information through a spatial–spectral feature extraction block (SSFEB), significantly enhancing the accuracy of FRA area identification. Additionally, a multiscale spatial attention block (MSAB) captures contextual information across different scales, improving the ability to detect FRA areas of varying sizes and shapes while minimizing edge artifacts. We created the CHN-YE7-FRA dataset using Sentinel-2 multispectral remote sensing imagery and conducted extensive evaluations. The results showed that MSSFNet achieved impressive metrics: an F1 score of 90.76%, an intersection over union (IoU) of 83.08%, and a kappa coefficient of 89.75%, surpassing those of state-of-the-art methods. The ablation results confirmed that the SSFEB and MSAB modules effectively enhanced the FRA extraction accuracy. Furthermore, the successful practical applications of MSSFNet validated its generalizability and robustness across diverse marine environments. These findings highlight the performance of MSSFNet in both experimental and real-world scenarios, providing reliable, precise FRA area monitoring. This capability provides crucial data for scientific planning and environmental protection purposes in coastal aquaculture zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accurate extraction and monitoring of offshore aquaculture areas are crucial for the marine economy, environmental management, and sustainable development. Existing methods relying on unimodal remote sensing images are limited by natural conditions and sensor characteristics. To address this issue, we integrated multispectral imaging (MSI) and synthetic aperture radar imaging (SAR) to overcome the limitations of single-modal images. We propose a cross-modal multidimensional frequency perception network (CMFPNet) to enhance classification and extraction accuracy. CMFPNet includes a local–global perception block (LGPB) for combining local and global semantic information and a multidimensional adaptive frequency filtering attention block (MAFFAB) that dynamically filters frequency-domain information that is beneficial for aquaculture area recognition. We constructed six typical offshore aquaculture datasets and compared CMFPNet with other models. The quantitative results showed that CMFPNet outperformed the existing methods in terms of classifying and extracting floating raft aquaculture (FRA) and cage aquaculture (CA), achieving mean intersection over union (mIoU), mean F1 score (mF1), and mean Kappa coefficient (mKappa) values of 87.66%, 93.41%, and 92.59%, respectively. Moreover, CMFPNet has low model complexity and successfully achieves a good balance between performance and the number of required parameters. Qualitative results indicate significant reductions in missed detections, false detections, and adhesion phenomena. Overall, CMFPNet demonstrates great potential for accurately extracting large-scale offshore aquaculture areas, providing effective data support for marine planning and environmental protection. Our code is available at Data Availability Statement section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]