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A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic bacterium, designated GW1C4-4T, was isolated from the seawater sample from the tidal zone of Guanyinshan Coast, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China. The strain was reddish-orange, rod-shaped and non-motile. Cells of strain GW1C4-4T were oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. The strain could grow at 10–42 °C (optimum, 32–35 °C), pH 5–9 (optimum, pH 6) and with 0–10 % NaCl (w/v; optimum, 1 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequences indicated that strain GW1C4-4T belonged to the genus Gordonia , having the highest similarity to Gordonia mangrovi HNM0687T (98.5 %), followed by Gordonia bronchialis DSM 43247T (98.4 %). The G+C DNA content was 66.5 mol %. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain GW1C4-4T and G. mangrovi HNM0687T were 85.8 and 30.0 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids of strain GW1C4-4T were C16 : 0, C18 : 0 10-methyl (TBSA) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c). MK-9 (H2) was the sole respiratory quinone. The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and an unidentified lipid. Based on its phylogenetic, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics, it is proposed that strain GW1C4-4T represents a novel species within the genus Gordonia , for which the name Gordonia tangerina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GW1C4-4T (=MCCC 1A18727T=KCTC 49729T).

Purpose To explore the influence of two different incision positions of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) on astigmatism correction. Methods A total of 86 eyes of 86 patients who underwent SMILE surgery were included in this retrospective study. The criteria included that the preoperative astigmatism axis to be within 165° to 180° or 5° to 15°. All eyes were divided into two groups according to the incision position. The incisions of 34 eyes were either located on the superior temporal side of the right eye or superior nasal side of the left eye (120° group), and 52 eyes were located on the superior side (90° group). Vector analysis was used to analyze pre- and postoperative 3-month astigmatism, while subgroup analysis was applied according to the preoperative astigmatism. Results No significant difference of preoperative parameters was found between the two groups (P > 0.05). The efficacy and safety indexes were 1.11 ± 0.16 and 1.15 ± 0.16 in the 120° group, the numbers were 1.15 ± 0.17 and 1.16 ± 0.14 in the 90° group (P = 0.629 and P = 0.871). There was no significant difference in target-induced astigmatism (TIA), TIA axis, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) magnitude, SIA axis, distance vision (DV) magnitude, DV axis, correction index (CI), angle of error (AofE), |AofE|, magnitude of error (MofE), index of success (IOS), or flattening index (FI) between 120° group and 90° group (P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in the subgroup analysis (P > 0.05). Conclusions The incision position has limited astigmatic effect, and the operation-induced astigmatism of SMILE surgery after 3 months was little.

The pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE) is associated with inflammation and endothelial damage. Ulinastatin (UTI) mainly inhibits proteolytic activity and significantly reduces the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) from macrophages. It also ameliorates vascular endothelial damage in pathological conditions. Hence, we investigated the effects of UTI in a rat model of PE induced using N(gamma)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME).Although inducing PE in a rat model, 5000 U/kg of UTI were injected daily. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and protein levels in the urine were measured. Renal function, and serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, placental growth factor (PLGF), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were evaluated. The number and weight of live fetuses as well as the weight of placentas were measured. Placentas were collected for western blot and pathological analysis.UTI slightly ameliorated proteinuria and the increases in SBP, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine. Furthermore, UTI improved serum and placental protein expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, vWF, and PLGF. Pathological analysis revealed that vascular density and blood flow perfusion was enhanced, vessel wall thickening and neutrophil infiltration were diminished, and the weight and number of live fetuses as well as the weight of the placentas were improved with UTI.Preventive use of UTI in the PE rat model induced by L-NAME partially alleviated hypertension, proteinuria, and impaired renal function; improved fetal growth restriction; diminished vascular endothelial injury; and ameliorated placental vasculogenesis abnormality and malperfusion by inhibiting the systemic and placental inflammatory response, suggesting that UTI is a potential drug for PE prevention or treatment.

In this letter, a three-dimensional ground coplanar waveguide (3D-GCPW) structure is proposed as a broadband planar transition between the conventional GCPW and substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL). The proposed 3D-GCPW contains a 3-D central conductor constructed by two copper layers which are connected together by metallized blind vias and two side ground planes. Its characteristic impedance is mainly determined by the width of the 3-D central conductor and the gap to the side ground plane; thus, the requirement for machining accuracy of metallized blind vias in 3D-GCPW can be reduced during the machining process. A back-to-back structure of the 3D-GCPW transition is fabricated by a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) process and measured to validate the good performance. The experimental results show that the proposed 3D-GCPW transition exhibits a reflection coefficient less than −10 dB and an acceptable insertion loss within dc to 42 GHz, making it promising for high-performance multiple-channel transceiver or massive integrated applications.

PurposeThe cure simulation of composite structures with arbitrary geometry can be investigated by the finite element program.Design/methodology/approachFinite element method is employed in this work.FindingsThe simulated results match the experimental results well, which demonstrates the finite element analysis models are reliable. Compared with the one- and two-dimensional finite element analysis, temperature and degree of cure can be calculated at any point within composite structures in the present simulation analysis. The cure simulation of composite structures with arbitrary geometry can be investigated by the finite element program.Originality/valueA coupled thermokinetic simulation of the liquid composite molding process based on a three-dimensional finite element method is presented. The cure simulation of composite structures with arbitrary geometry can be investigated by the finite element program.

Tumor drug resistance and systemic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs are the main reasons for the failure of cancer treatment. In recent years, it was found that some natural active ingredients can reverse MDR and regulate body immunity to enhance the efficacy and reduce toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this paper, a new nanosuspensions, HCPT and QUR hybrid nanosuspensions (HQ-NPs), was prepared by the microprecipitation-high pressure homogenization method to reverse tumor drug resistance, reduce toxicity, and increase therapeutic efficacy. The in vitro investigation results showed that HQ-NPs had a unique shape (particle size was about 216.3 ± 5.9 nm), changed crystalline, and different dissolution rates compared with HCPT-NPs and QUR-NPs, which is attributed to the strong intermolecular forces between HCPT and QUR as indicated by the results of the molecule dock. It was verified that the HQ-NPs could double the retention of HCPT in cells and enhance the cytotoxicity to A549/PTX cells in vitro tests compared with HCPT-NPs. We also found that HQ-NPs can significantly enhance the accumulation of HCPT in tumor sites, improve the antitumor activity of HCPT, and protect the immune organs and other normal tissues (P

Cancer is composed of a series of uncontrollable cells, which finally form tumors to negatively impact the functions of the body and induce other serious diseases, even leading to death. During the last decades, scientists have devoted great efforts to study cancer; however, there are no effective diagnoses and treatments. Nanomaterials have attracted great attention in the biomedical field in recent years, which are widely used as optical imaging probes and delivery systems for cancer therapy. Among the numerous nanomaterials, polymeric nanoparticles occupy a prominent position because of their tunable micro-size, multifunctional surface, prominent biocompatibility and high drug-carrying capacity. These significant advantages of polymeric nanomaterials have significance over the traditional nanomaterials and have become a potential therapy for cancer. In this review, we focus on the applications of polymeric nanoparticles in cancer theranostics, especially as the drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. This review provides an overview on the advancement of synthesis, application of polymeric nanoparticles- based drug delivery systems and highlights the evaluation for cancer therapy.

In this article, novel millimeter-wave (mmWave) filtennas (filtering antennas) are proposed to realize compact size and low insertion loss for 5G applications. It is achieved by employing eighth-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (EMSIW) cavities fully shielded by metallized vias and cover as resonators, which are named as fully shielded EMSIW (FSD-EMSIW) cavities. Interdigital coupling between cavities is introduced in order to obtain higher coupling strength for wideband operation. The proposed single-polarized antenna consists of a feeding stripline, two FSD-EMSIW cavities, and two stacked square patches, generating the four-order filtering antenna response. Furthermore, this design has been extended to realize a dual-polarized filtenna by employing double sets of feeding network. For demonstration, single-/dual-polarized filtenna prototypes were fabricated and measured, the measured results show that the 5G mmWave band (24.25–29.5 GHz) can be covered with average gains of 4.5 dBi. Good bandpass filtering response is also observed. Finally, to validate the proposed idea in array applications, a 16-element filtenna array is designed and measured with good performance.

Peptide-based neoantigen vaccines hold tremendous potential for personalized tumor immunotherapy. However, effective delivery and controllable release of antigen peptides remain major challenges in stimulating robust and sustained immune responses. Programmable DNA nanodevices provide accurate fixed positions for antigens, which are convenient for the calculation of clinical dosage, and hold great potential as precise carriers. Here, a peptide-nucleic acid conjugate was prepared, which was driven by a propargyl sulfonium-based efficient and reversible bio-orthogonal reaction under weakly alkaline conditions, and folded into regular DNA nanodevice vaccines. The well-defined nanoplatform not only exhibits outstanding stability in serum, satisfactory safety, and effective internalization by antigen-presenting cells (RAW264.7 and BMDCs) but also obviously enhances cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12) secretion for further immune response.

Two-color femtosecond (fs) laser filamentation in the gas medium is an effective way to generate broadband and high intensity terahertz (THz) pulse. The interdigitated photoconductive antenna (iPCA) has the advantages of both broadband detection and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is a very effective way to detect the THz pulse produced by two-color fs laser filamentation. The THz signal from two-color fs laser filamentation is comprehensively characterized by the iPCA, which achieves high SNR, high sensitivity, and polarization detection. This work provides a new idea for high power broadband THz coherent detection.

A new paeoniflorin Ag(I) complex was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, which was characterized by some spectral techniques like elemental analysis, thermal analysis, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and geometry optimization. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to test the in vitro cytotoxicity of the paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes in various cells (such as A549, Caco2, HepG2, Hep3B, LO2, H9C2 and PC12 cells). It is shown that the paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes possessed a remarkable cytotoxicity against the Hep3B cell line, but a low cytotoxicity against the LO2 cell line. Cell cycle progression and membrane potential of Hep3B cells were studied using flow cytometry, and the cell examination of apoptosis was made by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Moreover, expressions levels of caspase family proteins and Bcl-2 were also investigated. Our findings demonstrated that the paeoniflorin Ag(I) complexes induced apoptosis of Hep3B cells via the mitochondrial membrane potential access by regulating Bcl-2 and caspase family proteins.

Developing novel photosensitizers for deep tissue imaging and efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) remains a challenge because of the poor water solubility, low reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency, serve dark cytotoxicity, and weak absorption in the NIR region of conventional photosensitizers. Herein, cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes (Ir) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature, high photoinduced ROS generation efficiency, two-photon excitation, and mitochondria-targeting capability were designed and further encapsulated into biocompatible nanoparticles (NPs). The Ir-NPs can be used to disturb redox homeostasis in vitro, result in mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. Importantly, in vivo experiments demonstrated that the Ir-NPs presented obviously tumor-targeting ability, excellent antitumor effect, and low systematic dark-toxicity. Moreover, the Ir-NPs could serve as a two-photon imaging agent for deep tissue bioimaging with a penetration depth of up to 300 μm. This work presents a promising strategy for designing a clinical application of multifunctional Ir-NPs toward bioimaging and PDT. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-01001-4.

A near-infrared femtosecond laser is focused by a 100 mm-focal-length plano-convex lens to form a laser filament, which is employed to drill holes on copper targets. By shifting or rotating the focusing lens, additional aberration is imposed on the focused laser beam, and significant influence is produced on the aspect ratio and cross-sectional shape of the micro-holes. Experimental results show that when proper aberration is introduced, the copper plate with a thickness of 3 mm can be drilled through with an aspect ratio of 30, while no through-holes can be drilled on 3-mm-thickness copper plates by femtosecond laser with minimized aberration. In addition, when femtosecond laser filament with large astigmatism is used, micro-holes that had a length to width ratio up to 3.3 on the cross-section are obtained. Therefore, the method proposed here can be used to fabricate long oval holes with high aspect ratios. [Image: see text]

Platinum-based chemotherapy is a first-line therapeutic regimen against ovarian cancer (OC); however, the therapeutic potential is always reduced by glutamine metabolism. Herein, a valid strategy of inhibiting glutamine metabolism was proposed to cause tumor starvation and chemosensitization. Specifically, reactive oxygen species-responsive liposomes were developed to co-deliver cisplatin (CDDP) and bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) ethyl sulfide (BPTES) [C@B LPs]. The C@B LPs induced effective tumor cell starvation and significantly sensitized OC cells to CDDP by reducing glutathione generation to prevent CDDP detoxification, suppressing ATP production to avoid CDDP efflux, hindering nucleotide synthesis to aggravate DNA damage induced by CDDP, and blocking mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling to promote cell apoptosis. More importantly, C@B LPs remarkably inhibited tumor growth in vivo and reduced the side effects. Taken together, this study provided a successful strategy of synergistic chemosensitization and starvation therapy escalating the rate of therapeutic success in OCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : This work proposed a valid strategy of inhibiting glutamine metabolism to cause tumor starvation and chemosensitization. Specifically, ROS-responsive liposomes were developed to co-deliver cisplatin CDDP and BPTES [C@B LPs]. The C@B LPs induced effective tumor cell starvation and significantly sensitized OC cells to cisplatin by reducing glutathione generation to prevent cisplatin detoxification, suppressing ATP production to avoid cisplatin efflux, hindering nucleotide synthesis to aggravate DNA damage induced by cisplatin, and blocking mTOR signaling to promote cell apoptosis. More importantly, C@B LPs remarkably inhibited tumor growth in vivo and reduced the side effects. Taken together, this study provided a successful strategy of synergistic chemosensitization and starvation therapy escalating the rate of therapeutic success in OCs.

A Gram-stain-negative, obligately aerobic bacterium, designated as HS1C4-1T, was isolated from a sediment sample from the tidal zone of the Haicang Coast, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China. The strain was yellowish-coloured, non-gliding, rod-shaped and motile, with a single polar flagellum. Cells of HS1C4-1T were oxidase- and catalase-positive. The strain could grow at 15–55 °C (optimum 37 °C), pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–9.0), in the presence of 0–12 % (optimum, 1 %) NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that HS1C4-1T represented a member of the genus Pelagibacterium , and shared the highest similarity to Pelagibacterium luteolum CGMCC 1.10267T (97.6 %). Digital DNA–DNA hybridization values and average nucleotide identity between HS1C4-1T and all the species of genus Pelagibacterium were 18.7–20.2 % and 77.3–78.4 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids (>10 %) were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c (50.5 %) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c; 29.1%). Q-10 was the sole respiratory quinone. The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids and six unidentified lipids. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 62.9 %. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics, HS1C4-1T represents a novel species within the genus Pelagibacterium , for which the name Pelagibacterium xiamenense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS1C4-1T (=MCCC 1A18759T=KCTC 92097T).

The evaluation of the sorption affinity of fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) in soils, by means of the derivation of solid-liquid distribution coefficients (K

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effective optical zone (EOZ) following small incision lenticule extraction in myopic eyes using two novel methods and investigate factors influencing postoperative EOZ. METHODS: In this prospective study, 45 patients (45 eyes) with a mean spherical equivalent of −5.82 ± 1.58 diopters underwent SMILE and were observed during a 6-month follow-up. Postoperative EOZ was calculated using custom software that automatically distinguishes EOZ on the tangential curvature difference map (EOZc) and total corneal refractive power map (EOZp) of the Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). The agreement between the two methods, the difference between postoperative EOZ and programmed optical zone (POZ), and its relationship with parameters including corrected spheres, cylinders, ablation ratio (ablation depth/central cornea thickness), and Q-value change were investigated. RESULTS: The EOZc area was 20.76 ± 2.43 mm 2 (diameter: 5.04 ± 0.60 mm) and the EOZp area was 20.22 ± 4.70 mm 2 (diameter: 5.13 ± 0.30 mm). Both were significantly smaller than POZ ( P < .001). Bland-Altman plots showed 4.44% (2/45) points located outside the 95% limits of agreement. EOZc and EOZp reductions were negatively related to corrected cylinders ( r = −0.631, P < .001 and r = −0.594, P < .001, respectively). EOZp reduction was positively correlated with corrected spheres ( r = 0.336, P = .024). Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in EOZc and EOZp reduction between low and high astigmatism groups despite myopia degree. CONCLUSIONS: EOZ after incision lenticule extraction, measured using two novel methods, was smaller than POZ. The reduction of EOZ was negatively correlated with the corrected cylinders. [ J Refract Surg. 2022;38(7):414–421.]

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a very cunning system that enables tumor cells to escape death post-traditional antitumor treatments through the comprehensive effect of different factors, thereby leading to drug resistance. Deep insights into TME characteristics and tumor resistance encourage the construction of nanomedicines that can remodel the TME against drug resistance. Tremendous interest in combining TME-regulation measurement with traditional tumor treatment to fight multidrug-resistant tumors has been inspired by the increasing understanding of the role of TME reconstruction in improving the antitumor efficiency of drug-resistant tumor therapy. This review focuses on the underlying relationships between specific TME characteristics (such as hypoxia, acidity, immunity, microorganisms, and metabolism) and drug resistance in tumor treatments. The exciting antitumor activities strengthened by TME regulation are also discussed in-depth, providing solutions from the perspective of nanomedicine design. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug DiscoveryEmerging Technologies Therapeutic Approaches and Drug DiscoveryNanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to BiologyNanoscale Systems in Biology.

Treatment resistance of the tumors to photodynamic therapy (PDT) owing to O2 deficiency largely compromised the therapeutic efficacy, which could be addressed via modulating oxygen levels by using O2 self-enriched nanosystems. Here, we report on augmenting the O2-evolving strategy based on a biomimetic, catalytic nanovehicle (named as N/P@MCC), constructed by the catalase-immobilized hollow mesoporous nanospheres by enveloping a cancer cell membrane (CCM), which acts as an efficient nanocontainer to accommodate nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) and protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Inheriting the virtues of biomimetic CCM cloaking, the CCM-derived shell conferred N/P@MCC nanovehicles with highly specific self-recognition and homotypic targeting toward cancerous cells, ensuring tumor-specific accumulation and superior circulation durations. N-GQDs, for the first time, have been evidenced as a new dual-functional nanoagents with PTT and PDT capacities, enabling the generation of 1O2 for PDT and inducing local low-temperature hyperthermia for thermally ablating cancer cells and infrared thermal imaging (IRT). Leveraging the intrinsic catalytic features of catalase, such N/P@MCC nanovehicles effectively scavenged the excessive H2O2 to sustainably evolve oxygen for a synchronous O2 self-supply and hypoxia alleviation, with an additional benefit because the resulting O2 bubbles could function as an echo amplifier, leading to the sufficient echogenic reflectivity for ultrasound imaging. Concurrently, the elevated O2 reacted with N-GQDs and PpIX to elicit a maximally increased 1O2 output for augmented PDT. Significantly, the ultrasound imaging coupled with fluorescence imaging, IRT, performs a tumor-modulated trimodal bioimaging effect. Overall, this offers a paradigm to rationally explore O2 self-supply strategies focused on versatile nanotheranostics for hypoxic tumor elimination.

We first prove an analogue of Lagrange theorem for global dimensions of fusion categories, then we give a complete classifications of pre-modular fusion categories of integer global dimensions less than or equal to $10$., 19pages

Cyclic stability is one of the key factors limiting the large-scale application of ternary materials for lithium-ion batteries. TiO2 surface-modified LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 is prepared by a simple method under low-temperature heat treatment to improve its cyclic stability. It is the first time to interpret the specific mechanism from the perspective of crystal domains, which is explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, and electrochemical tests in detail. The distribution of TiO2 and crystal domains are regulated, which stabilizes the interface and reduced the grain boundary, respectively. The increasing of charge transfer impedance and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) membrane impedance is restrained, which finally improves the cycling stability. Average cycling capacity retention rates of samples with TiO2 surface modification at 0.1 C after 150 cycles and 1 C after 300 cycles are increased by 13.5% and 23%.

The diversity and distribution patterns of the abundant and rare microbial sub-communities in hot spring ecosystems and their assembly mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study investigated the diversity and distribution patterns of the total, abundant, conditionally rare, and always rare taxa in the low- and moderate-temperature hot spring sediments on the Tibetan Plateau based on high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and explored their major environmental drivers. The diversity of these four bacterial taxa showed no significant change between the low-temperature and moderate-temperature hot spring sediments, whereas the bacterial compositions were obviously different. Stochasticity dominated the bacterial sub-community assemblages, while heterogeneous selection also played an important role in shaping the abundant and conditionally rare taxa between the low-temperature and moderate-temperature hot spring sediments. No significant difference in the topological properties of co-occurrence networks was found between the conditionally rare and abundant taxa, and the connections between the paired operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were almost positive. The diversity of the total, abundant, and conditionally rare taxa was governed by the salinity of hot spring sediments, while that of the always rare taxa was determined by the content of S element. In contrast, temperature had significant direct effect on the composition of the total, abundant, and conditionally rare taxa, but relatively weak influence on that of the always rare taxa. Besides, salinity was another major environmental factor driving the composition of the abundant and rare sub-communities in the hot spring sediments. These results reveal the assembly processes and major environmental drivers that shaped different bacterial sub-communities in the hot spring sediments on the Tibetan Plateau, and indicate the importance of conditionally rare taxa in constructing bacterial communities. These findings enhance the current understanding of the ecological mechanisms maintaining the ecosystem stability and services in extreme environment.

Hematite (α-Fe2O3) is a potential photoanode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, but its short hole diffusion length and low water oxidation kinetics prevent its practical application. In general, the hole transport rate and the water oxidation kinetics could be improved by modifying the oxygen evolution cocatalysts (OECs) in the proper way. In this work, we designed and synthesized a bimetallic phosphides NiCoP nanoparticles (NPs) modified (Ti, Zr)-codoped hematite photoanode (TZ-H) by a facile spin coating method to achieve the uniform and close interface contact of semiconductor/OECs. Under the optimal conditions, the as-prepared photoanode exhibits high and stable PEC performance with a current density of 2.38 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE, which is one of the best performances of noble-metal-free hematite-based photoanodes for water oxidation. Moreover, the surface efficiency of charge separation is improved by NiCoP modification, which is increased from 59% to 91% at 1.23 V vs. RHE and reached nearly 99% at higher potential. This work not only proves that NiCoP NPs are outstanding OECs but also provides a new strategy for the design of noble-metal-free semiconductor/OECs photoanodes with high-quality interface contact.

Introduction The aim of this study was to compare the functional optical zone (FOZ) after correction of high myopic astigmatism and low myopic astigmatism by small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods In this prospective study, 30 patients who received SMILE for high myopic astigmatism correction (cylinderical diopters ≤ − 2.0D) were enrolled in the high astigmatism group (HA). The control group comprised 40 patients who underwent SMILE for low myopic astigmatism correction (LA; cylinderical diopters ≥ − 0.5D). FOZ was delineated as the area outlined by a change of 0.5D relative to the power at the corneal vertex on the total corneal refractive power map. An ellipse-fitting program (MatLab) was used to calculate some parameters of the FOZ. Visual quality evaluations were also conducted, including evaluations of wavefront aberrations, optical quality, and intraocular scattering, and completion of a quality of life questionnaire. All of the right eyes were analyzed in the study. Results The preoperative average treatment spherical equivalent (− 5.77 ± 1.86D vs. − 6.49 ± 1.49D; P = 0.074), lenticule thickness (120.87 ± 23.27 μm vs. 118.53 ± 21.66 μm; P = 0.666), and programmed optical zone (6.58 ± 0.17 mm vs. 6.65 ± 0.18 mm; P = 0.104) were comparable between the HA and LA groups. The long axes (6.99 ± 1.14 mm vs. 5.32 ± 0.61 mm; P

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been known as the second common leading cancer worldwide, as it responds poorly to both chemotherapy and medication. Triptolide (TP), a diterpenoid triepoxide, is a promising treatment agent for its effective anticancer effect on multiple cancers including HCC. However, its clinical application has been limited owing to its severe systemic toxicities, low solubility, and fast elimination in the body. Therefore, to overcome the above obstacles, photo-activatable liposomes (LP) integrated with both photosensitizer Ce6 and chemotherapeutic drug TP (TP/Ce6-LP) was designed in the pursuit of controlled drug release and synergetic photodynamic therapy in HCC therapy. The TP encapsulated in liposomes accumulated to the tumor site due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Under laser irradiation, the photosensitizer Ce6 generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and further oxidized the unsaturated phospholipids. In this way, the liposomes were destroyed to release TP. TP/Ce6-LP with NIR laser irradiation (TP/Ce6-LP+L) showed the best anti-tumor effect both in vitro and in vivo on a patient derived tumor xenograft of HCC (PDXHCC). TP/Ce6-LP significantly reduced the side effects of TP. Furthermore, TP/Ce6-LP+L induced apoptosis through a caspase-3/PARP signaling pathway. Overall, TP/Ce6-LP+L is a novel potential treatment option in halting HCC progression with attenuated toxicity., Graphical abstract Photo-activatable liposomes incorporating Ce6 and triptolide (TP/Ce6-LP) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy were designed. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and TP possibly induced cell apoptosis via a caspase-3/PARP signaling pathway in PDXHCC model.Image 1