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Unmanned underwater vehicles are one of the indispensable tools for people to develop， utilize and explore the ocean， and have broad military application prospects.With the continuous progress and development of science and technology， unmanned underwater vehicles continue to break through their own limits of working depth.Due to the particularity and complexity of the marine environment， the requirements for its structural materials are becoming increasingly higher.In this work， based on the latest research progress at home and abroad， a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the corrosion factors of unmanned underwater vehicles structural materials in the marine environment，including seawater temperature， pH value， salinity， chloride ion concentration and dissolved oxygen content.Aiming at the corrosion types of unmanned underwater vehicles structural materials in the marine environment， the causes of corrosion of underwater vehicles structural materials in special working environments were explored.Besides， the anti-corrosion methods of unmanned underwater vehicle structural materials in marine environment were described， and the development of its future anti-corrosion technology was prospected.

Molecular weight and its distribution, gel content, nitrogen and phosphorus content, wet strength, Mooney viscosity, mechanical properties and aging resistance of three kinds of domestic raw natural rubber were compared with those of imported ribbed smoked sheet. The results showed that among the four kinds of natural rubber, the imported ribbed smoked sheet had the highest molecular weight with a narrower distribution, the highest nitrogen content, moderate phosphorus content and gel content, the best wet strength, the highest Mooney viscosity, and better tensile properties, but the highest compression fatigue heat generation; The product of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences had moderate molecular weight and its distribution, the highest gel content, better wet strength, the lowest Mooney viscosity, the largest elongation at break and tear strength, and the best aging resistance; The product of Hainan Natural Rubber Industry Group Co Ltd had the lowest molecular weight with a narrower distribution, lower nitrogen content, the highest phosphorus content, poor wet strength, and good aging resistance, but the shortest scorch time. The product of Yunnan Natural Rubber Industry Group Co Ltd had higher molecular weight with the widest distribution, the lowest gel content and nitrogen and phosphorus content, poor wet strength, and the worst aging resistance, but the longest scorch time and the lowest compression fatigue heat generation.

[Objective] Considering the strategic guideline of “Ocean Power”, a scientific measurement of the operational efficiency of China’s sea-related listed companies and support for sea-related listed companies to be better and stronger are of great significance to consolidate the micro foundation of the development of the marine economy and promote the expansion of the space for the development of the blue economy. [Methods] This study used the explainable boosting machine (EBM) model based on Pearson correlation coefficient, combined with the three-hierarchy meta-frontier framework, to scientifically measure the operational efficiency of China’s sea-related listed companies during the period of 2014-2022, and further decomposed the inefficiency loss to explore its internal and external influencing factors. [Results] The study showed that: (1) Overall, the operational efficiency of Chinese sea-related listed companies was on an upward trend and showed obvious stage characteristics. (2) From the perspective of industry-ownership heterogeneity, the operational efficiency of emerging sea-related companies was leading in the early stages, but the operational efficiency of traditional sea-related companies showed a significant trend of subsequent growth; the operational efficiency of private sea-related companies was at the forefront, and basically formed a pattern of development in which private enterprises were leading and state-owned enterprises were following. (3) From the perspective of inefficiency decomposition, management inefficiency loss was the key reason affecting the improvement of operational efficiency of sea-related listed companies, followed by industrial heterogeneity efficiency loss and ownership heterogeneity efficiency loss. (4) Based on the analysis of influencing factors, the management inefficiency loss of sea-related listed companies was significantly negatively correlated with enterprise size and positively correlated with business solvency, while the level of regional economic development significantly and negatively affected their technical inefficiency loss. [Conclusion] During the 14th Five Year Plan period, we should further optimize the layout of the marine industry, improve the market-oriented development environment, and enhance the management level of the enterprises, to explore the effective path to promoting the operational efficiency of sea-related listed companies.

ObjectiveTo prepare reference materials of total mercury and methyl mercury in Agaricus blazei murill.MethodsAgaricus blazei murill with suitable content of total mercury and methylmercury were screening from markets. After drying， grinding， screening， homogenized and packed， the reference materials were obtained. After homogeneity and stability tests， coordinated values were determined by seven laboratories， and the uncertainties were evaluated.ResultsThe characteristic value of total mercury was 0.586 mg/kg， and the expanded uncertainty was 0.026 mg/kg. The characteristic value of methylmercury was 0.022 7 mg/kg， and the expanded uncertainty was 0.001 5 mg/kg.ConclusionThe reference material has good stability， can be used for traceability and quality control of analyzing.

BACKGROUND: Management of localized or recurrent prostate cancer since the 1990s has been based on risk stratification using clinicopathological variables, including Gleason score, T stage (based on digital rectal exam), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). In this study a novel prognostic test, the Decipher Prostate Genomic Classifier (GC), was used to stratify risk of prostate cancer progression in a US national database of men with prostate cancer. METHODS: Records of prostate cancer cases from participating SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) program registries, diagnosed during the period from 2010 through 2018, were linked to records of testing with the GC prognostic test. Multivariable analysis was used to quantify the association between GC scores or risk groups and use of definitive local therapy after diagnosis in the GC biopsy-tested cohort and postoperative radiotherapy in the GC-tested cohort as well as adverse pathological findings after prostatectomy. RESULTS: A total of 572 545 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 8927 patients underwent GC testing. GC biopsy-tested patients were more likely to undergo active active surveillance or watchful waiting than untested patients (odds ratio [OR] =2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.04 to 2.38, P

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. The creation of an expression-based subtyping model based on prostate-specific biological processes was sought.MethodsUnsupervised machine learning of gene expression profiles from prospectively collected primary prostate tumors (training, n = 32,000; evaluation, n = 68,547) was used to create a prostate subtyping classifier (PSC) based on basal versus luminal cell expression patterns and other gene signatures relevant to PCa biology. Subtype molecular pathways and clinical characteristics were explored in five other clinical cohorts.ResultsClustering derived four subtypes: luminal differentiated (LD), luminal proliferating (LP), basal immune (BI), and basal neuroendocrine (BN). LP and LD tumors both had higher androgen receptor activity. LP tumors also had a higher expression of cell proliferation genes, MYC activity, and characteristics of homologous recombination deficiency. BI tumors possessed significant interferon γactivity and immune infiltration on immunohistochemistry. BN tumors were characterized by lower androgen receptor activity expression, lower immune infiltration, and enrichment with neuroendocrine expression patterns. Patients with LD tumors had less aggressive tumor characteristics and the longest time to metastasis after surgery. Only patients with BI tumors derived benefit from radiotherapy after surgery in terms of time to metastasis (hazard ratio [HR], 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01-0.71; n = 855). In a phase 3 trial that randomized patients with metastatic PCa to androgen deprivation with or without docetaxel (n = 108), only patients with LP tumors derived survival benefit from docetaxel (HR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.09-0.51).ConclusionsWith the use of expression profiles from over 100,000 tumors, a PSC was developed that identified four subtypes with distinct biological and clinical features.Plain language summaryProstate cancer can behave in an indolent or aggressive manner and vary in how it responds to certain treatments. To differentiate prostate cancer on the basis of biological features, we developed a novel RNA signature by using data from over 100,000 prostate tumors-the largest data set of its kind. This signature can inform patients and physicians on tumor aggressiveness and susceptibilities to treatments to help personalize cancer management.

BackgroundPeripheral vascular disease remains a leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in medical and surgical therapy. Besides traditional approaches, which can only restore blood flow to native arteries, an alternative approach is to enhance the growth of new vessels, thereby facilitating the physiological response to ischemia.MethodsThe ActinCreER/R26VT2/GK3 Rainbow reporter mouse was used for unbiased in vivo survey of injury-responsive vasculogenic clonal formation. Prospective isolation and transplantation were used to determine vessel-forming capacity of different populations. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was used to characterize distinct vessel-forming populations and their interactions.ResultsTwo populations of distinct vascular stem/progenitor cells (VSPCs) were identified from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: VSPC1 is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa-CD31+CD105highSca1low, which gives rise to stunted vessels (incomplete tubular structures) in a transplant setting, and VSPC2 which is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa+CD31-CD105lowSca1high and forms stunted vessels and fat. Interestingly, cotransplantation of VSPC1 and VSPC2 is required to form functional vessels that improve perfusion in the mouse hindlimb ischemia model. Similarly, VSPC1 and VSPC2 populations isolated from human adipose tissue could rescue the ischemic condition in mice.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that autologous cotransplantation of synergistic VSPCs from nonessential adipose tissue can promote neovascularization and represents a promising treatment for ischemic disease.

Background and objectivesPatient adherence to treatment is an important barrier to the implementation of evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs). There is a need for simple and deployable measures of patient adherence to treatment for use across EBPTs. The Treatment Adherence Rating Scale (TARS) was developed and validated in two samples.MethodsThis study includes two samples: adults with Major Depressive Disorder who received Cognitive Therapy for depression (Sample 1; N = 48, mean age = 44.27 years), and at-risk adolescents who received either the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention or Psychoeducation (Sample 2; N = 176, mean age = 14.77 years). Factor structure of the TARS scores was examined via Exploratory Factor Analyses (EFA) in Sample 1 and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) in Sample 2. Internal consistency, predictive validity, and construct validity of the TARS scores were examined.ResultsResults from EFA in Sample 1 supported a one-factor model. Results from CFA in Sample 2 suggested that a two-factor model (i.e., agreement and compliance) fit better than a one-factor model. TARS scores from both samples demonstrated adequate predictive validity with primary clinical outcomes and construct validity with treatment expectations.LimitationsThe sample was small with two specific populations. Future research should focus on other patient populations, a larger population, and other EBPTs. Future research examining patient ratings of these items are needed for further validation of the TARS.ConclusionsPreliminary findings support the use of a two-factor model and highlight the potential utility of a simple measure of patient adherence to treatment across age and diagnostic groups.