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The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) signal of magnon polarons in bulk-Y3Fe5O12 (YIG)/Pt heterostructures is found to drastically change as a function of temperature. It appears as a dip in the total SSE signal at low temperatures, but as the temperature increases, the dip gradually decreases before turning to a peak. We attribute the observed dip-to-peak transition to the rapid rise of the four-magnon scattering rate. Our analysis provides important insights into the microscopic origin of the hybridized excitations and the overall temperature dependence of the SSE anomalies.

In the extended phase space, we investigate the rainbow gravity-corrected thermodynamic phenomena and phase structure of the Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a spherical cavity. The results show that rainbow gravity has a very significant effect on the thermodynamic phenomena and phase structure of the black hole. It prevents the black hole from total evaporation and leads to a remnant with a limited temperature but no mass. Additionally, we restore the $P-V$ criticality and obtaine the critical quantities of the canonical ensemble. When the temperature or pressure is smaller than the critical quantities, the system undergoes two Hawking-Page-like phase transitions and one first-order phase transition, which never occurs in the original case. Remarkably, our findings demonstrate that the thermodynamic behavior and phase transition of the rainbow SC black hole surrounded by a cavity in the extended phase space are analogous to those of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m anti-de Sitter black hole. Therefore, rainbow gravity activates the effect of electric charge and cutoff factor in the evolution of the black hole., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures

BGP-Multipath (BGP-M) is a multipath routing technique for load balancing. Distinct from other techniques deployed at a router inside an Autonomous System (AS), BGP-M is deployed at a border router that has installed multiple inter-domain border links to a neighbour AS. It uses the equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) function of a border router to share traffic to a destination prefix on different border links. Despite recent research interests in multipath routing, there is little study on BGP-M. Here we provide the first measurement and a comprehensive analysis of BGP-M routing in the Internet. We extracted information on BGP-M from query data collected from Looking Glass (LG) servers. We revealed that BGP-M has already been extensively deployed and used in the Internet. A particular example is Hurricane Electric (AS6939), a Tier-1 network operator, which has implemented >1,000 cases of BGP-M at 69 of its border routers to prefixes in 611 of its neighbour ASes, including many hyper-giant ASes and large content providers, on both IPv4 and IPv6 Internet. We examined the distribution and operation of BGP-M. We also ran traceroute using RIPE Atlas to infer the routing paths, the schemes of traffic allocation, and the delay on border links. This study provided the state-of-the-art knowledge on BGP-M with novel insights into the unique features and the distinct advantages of BGP-M as an effective and readily available technique for load balancing., Comment: 38 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables

Nowadays, due to the rapid population expansion, food shortage has become a critical issue. In order to stabilizing the food source production, preventing crops from being attacked by pests is very important. In generally, farmers use pesticides to kill pests, however, improperly using pesticides will also kill some insects which is beneficial to crops, such as bees. If the number of bees is too few, the supplement of food in the world will be in short. Besides, excessive pesticides will seriously pollute the environment. Accordingly, farmers need a machine which can automatically recognize the pests. Recently, deep learning is popular because its effectiveness in the field of image classification. In this paper, we propose a small and efficient model called ExquisiteNet to complete the task of recognizing the pests and we expect to apply our model on mobile devices. ExquisiteNet mainly consists of two blocks. One is double fusion with squeeze-and-excitation-bottleneck block (DFSEB block), and the other is max feature expansion block (ME block). ExquisiteNet only has 0.98M parameters and its computing speed is very fast almost the same as SqueezeNet. In order to evaluate our model's performance, we test our model on a benchmark pest dataset called IP102. Compared to many state-of-the-art models, such as ResNet101, ShuffleNetV2, MobileNetV3-large and EfficientNet etc., our model achieves higher accuracy, that is, 52.32% on the test set of IP102 without any data augmentation., Comment: 4 pages

In the paper of ExquisiteNetV1, the ability of classification of ExquisiteNetV1 is worse than DenseNet. In this article, we propose a faster and better model ExquisiteNetV2. We conduct many experiments to evaluate its performance. We test ExquisiteNetV2, ExquisiteNetV1 and other 9 well-known models on 15 credible datasets under the same condition. According to the experimental results, ExquisiteNetV2 gets the highest classification accuracy over half of the datasets. Important of all, ExquisiteNetV2 has fewest amounts of parameters. Besides, in most instances, ExquisiteNetV2 has fastest computing speed., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 29 tables

Multipath BGP (M-BGP) allows a BGP router to install multiple 'equally-good' paths, via parallel inter-domain border links, to a destination prefix. M-BGP differs from the multipath routing techniques in many ways, e.g. M-BGP is only implemented at border routers of Autonomous Systems (ASes); and while it shares traffic to different IP addresses in a destination prefix via different border links, any traffic to a given destination IP always follows the same border link. Recently we studied Looking Glass data and reported the wide deployment of M-BGP in the Internet; in particular, Hurricane Electric (AS6939) has implemented over 1,000 cases of M-BGP to hundreds of its peering ASes. In this paper, we analyzed the performance of M-BGP. We used RIPE Atlas to send traceroute probes to a series of destination prefixes through Hurricane Electric's border routers implemented with M-BGP. We examined the distribution of Round Trip Time to each probed IP address in a destination prefix and their variation during the measurement. We observed that the deployment of M-BGP can guarantee stable routing between ASes and enhance a network's resilience to traffic changes. Our work provides insights into the unique characteristics of M-BGP as an effective technique for load balancing., Comment: IEEE Global Internet (GI) Symposium 2021

Multipath routing is useful for networks to achieve load sharing among multiple routing paths. Multipath BGP (MBGP) is a technique to realize inter-domain multipath routing by enabling a BGP router to install multiple equally-good routes to a destination prefix. Most of previous works did not distinguish between intra-domain and inter-domain multipath routing. In this paper, we present a measurement study on the deployment of M-BGP in a large Internet service provider (ISP) network. Our method combines control-plane BGP measurements using Looking Glasses (LG), and data-plane traceroute measurements using RIPE Atlas. We focus on Hurricane Electric (AS6939) because it is a global ISP that connects with hundreds of major exchange points and exchanges IP traffic with thousands of different networks. And more importantly, we find that this ISP has by far the largest number of M-BGP deployments among autonomous systems with LG servers. Specifically, Hurricane Electric has deployed M-BGP with 512 of its peering ASes at 58 PoPs around the world, including many top ASes and content providers. We also observe that most of its M-BGP deployments involve IXP interconnections. Our work provides insights into the latest deployment of M-BGP in a major ISP network and it highlights the characteristics and effectiveness of M-BGP as a means to realize load sharing., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures; TMA 2020 conference, http://dl.ifip.org/db/conf/tma/tma2020/index.html