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Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are appealing alternatives for energy storage systems based on the high theoretical capacity, low price and high security of the Mg metal anode. Nevertheless, the shortage of high‐performance cathode materials severely obstructs its development. As an important conversion material, transition metal selenides, with desirable theoretical capacity and weak bond energy (Mg−Se), have attracted more attention in recent years. In this study, CuFeSe2 (CFS) nanoparticles were produced by a hydrothermal approach and its feasibility as a cathode material for RMBs was further investigated. Given the synergistic effect between Cu and Fe, the optimized CFS shows a reversible capacity of 120 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, outstanding long‐term cyclability (86 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 600 cycles), and prominent rate capability (85 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1). Density functional theory (DFT) computations conclude CFS exhibits a suitable migration barrier for Mg2+ along the tunnel of 0.92 eV. An in‐depth investigation of the mechanism demonstrates that the Mg storage process can be divided into solid solution reaction and the conversion processes by ex‐situ techniques. This work contributes to further investigate the Mg2+ storage mechanism of cathode materials for RMBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two isostructural rare earth metal–organic frameworks, namely [Re2(BBTC)(DMF)5Cl2]·2DMF·H2O [BBTC4– = 1,1'-butadiynebenzene-3,3',5,5'-tetracarboxylate, Re = Y (1) and Ho (2)], have been prepared via solvothermal reaction. Single crystal X − ray analyses reveal that complexes 1 and 2 both crystallize in the P21/m space group. Topological analyses suggest that these frameworks possess the same two–dimensional (2D) (4,4)-connected networks. Notably, the emission spectrum reveals the fluorescence of complex 1 is mainly from the ligands to ligands charge transfer transition. Further investigation indicates that complex 1 can act as a fluorescent sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of Fe3+ and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) in MeCN solution, the quenching constants (Ksv) are 1.45 × 105 M−1 for Fe3+ and 4.08 × 104 M−1 for TNP, with the detection limit (LOD) of 0.12 µM for Fe3+ and 0.52 µM for TNP. Furthermore, the possible sensing mechanisms of complex 1 as bifunctional sensors have been studied based on experiments. Two isostructural rare earth metal–organic frameworks based on 1, 1'−butadiynebenzene−3, 3', 5, 5'−tetracarboxylate ligand were synthesized and structurally characterized in detail, and complex 1 is promising bifunctional luminescent probe for highly sensitive and selective sensing Fe3+ ions and TNP through luminescence quenching effect, complex 1 also exhibits good recyclability for detecting Fe3+ ions and TNP. The quenching mechanisms were studied as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In cereal grains, starch is synthesized by the concerted actions of multiple enzymes on the surface of starch granules within the amyloplast. However, little is known about how starch-synthesizing enzymes access starch granules, especially for amylopectin biosynthesis. Here, we show that the rice (Oryza sativa) floury endosperm9 (flo9) mutant is defective in amylopectin biosynthesis, leading to grains exhibiting a floury endosperm with a hollow core. Molecular cloning revealed that FLO9 encodes a plant-specific protein homologous to Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) LIKE EARLY STARVATION1 (LESV). Unlike Arabidopsis LESV, which is involved in starch metabolism in leaves, OsLESV is required for starch granule initiation in the endosperm. OsLESV can directly bind to starch by its C-terminal tryptophan (Trp)-rich region. Cellular and biochemical evidence suggests that OsLESV interacts with the starch-binding protein FLO6, and loss-of-function mutations of either gene impair ISOAMYLASE1 (ISA1) targeting to starch granules. Genetically, OsLESV acts synergistically with FLO6 to regulate starch biosynthesis and endosperm development. Together, our results identify OsLESV-FLO6 as a non-enzymatic molecular module responsible for ISA1 localization on starch granules, and present a target gene for use in biotechnology to control starch content and composition in rice endosperm. The non-enzymatic protein LIKE EARLY STARVATION1 and the starch-binding protein FLOURY ENDOSPERM6 form a functional complex to facilitate ISAMYLASE1 targeting to starch granules in rice endosperm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging as a leading contender for economical, high‐security grid‐scale energy storage, rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are currently facing the challenge in its progression due to the absence of cathode materials with high energy density. In this study, we design a V2O5 ⋅ nH2O, GO and CNTs composite (HVO/GO‐CNTs) film through freeze‐drying and vacuum filtration. This binder‐free cathode for AZIBs exhibits remarkable electrochemical performance, featuring a high capacity of 387 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and a high capacity retention of 82.6 % after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1. This investigation offers a promising approach to electrode material design for the advancement of high‐performance AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Heat shock (HSF) transcription factors are among the most important transcription factors in plants and are involved in the transcriptional regulation of various stress responses, including drought, salinity, oxidation, osmotic stress, and high light, thereby regulating growth and developmental processes. Astragalus mongholicus is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with important medicinal value and is widely used worldwide. Although the HSF gene has been reported in most species, it has not been thoroughly studied in A. mongholicus. This study not only confirmed all HSF genes genome-wide in A. mongholicus, but also conducted systematic bioinformatics analysis. At the same time, the expression patterns of AmHSF genes in different tissues of A. mongholicus and under light response were explored. These results will provide a theoretical basis for understanding the function of HSF genes. Astragalus mongholicus is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with important medicinal value and is widely used worldwide. Heat shock (HSF) transcription factors are among the most important transcription factors in plants and are involved in the transcriptional regulation of various stress responses, including drought, salinity, oxidation, osmotic stress, and high light, thereby regulating growth and developmental processes. However, the HFS gene family has not yet been identified in A. mongholicus, and little is known regarding the role of HSF genes in A. mongholicus. This study is based on whole genome analysis of A. mongholicus, identifying a total of 22 AmHSF genes and analyzing their physicochemical properties. Divided into three subgroups based on phylogenetic and gene structural characteristics, including subgroup A (12), subgroup B (9), and subgroup C (1), they are randomly distributed in 8 out of 9 chromosomes of A. mongholicus. In addition, transcriptome data and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses revealed that AmHSF was differentially transcribed in different tissues, suggesting that AmHSF gene functions may differ. Red and blue light treatment significantly affected the expression of 20 HSF genes in soilless cultivation of A. mongholicus seedlings. AmHSF3, AmHSF3, AmHSF11, AmHSF12, and AmHSF14 were upregulated after red light and blue light treatment, and these genes all had light-corresponding cis-elements, suggesting that AmHSF genes play an important role in the light response of A. mongholicus. Although the responses of soilless-cultivated A. mongholicus seedlings to red and blue light may not represent the mature stage, our results provide fundamental research for future elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of HSF in the growth and development of A. mongholicus and its response to different light conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rechargeable zinc ion batteries (RZIBs) have gained significant attention due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the high reactivity of water in traditional aqueous electrolytes leads to the problems of dendrite formation and side reactions in the circulation process of zinc anode, which limits the development of RZIBs. These issues are effectively addressed by eutectic electrolytes through the regulation of the number of water molecules in the solvation structure of Zn2+ ions via hydrogen bonding and coordination effects. Additionally, eutectic electrolytes have the advantages of simple synthesis, non-corrosive, and environmental friendliness, which has attracted much attention in the field of RZIBs. The article begins by providing a brief introduction to the basic principles and definitions of eutectic electrolytes, and then highlights their current applications in RZIBs. Finally, the development prospects of eutectic electrolytes are discussed, offering important insights for the preparation of excellent eutectic electrolytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]