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Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a common disease in small ruminant populations across the globe. The following report describes two cases of a 3 year old Boer cross does showing large mass beneath the jaw, on the ventral side of the mandible with strong pain reaction to touch of the affected region. The consistency of the mass was non–movable, solid and hard on deep palpation. The mass was lanced and purulent discharges were evacuated. Phenotypic and biochemical identification methods allocated the isolates in C. pseudotuberculosis biovar ovis. The vast majority of the isolates was able to produce phospholipase D and was susceptible to most of the antimicrobial compounds tested. Furthermore, the isolates were compared with C. pseudotuberculosis isolated from other states with different geographical locations and showed high similarity index, suggesting the prevalence of dominant clones and a potential dissemination across the country.

This case report describes a case of suspected omphalitis in a female two-week-old Katjang cross kid. The kid was weak and on lateral recumbency. It had hypothermia, bradycardia and shallow breathing with thumping sound at the end or expiration. The kid died and post-mortem examination revealed multiple hepatic abscesses, fibrin attachment between the liver and the diaphragm, cloudy yellow fluid in the peritoneal cavity and severe generalized congestion of the small intestine. The findings suggest the kid had died of a septic shock.

This clinical case reports the prompt actions taken to diagnose clinical case of endometritis in a cow where prompt treatments were able to solve the case successfully. A 3 year-old, Friesien-cross cow weighing 400kg with body condition score of 2 out of 5 was presented to the University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia with primary complain of inappetance. Clinical evaluation revealed that the heifer was pyrexic, dull and depressed with pale mucous membrane. The most prominent abnormality observed was the yellowish mucopurulent discharged from the vulva opening. As for diagnostic work-ups, rectal examination was performed where the uterus was having a doughy consistency during palpation. Mucopurulent discharged from the vulva was collected for bacteria isolation and antibiotic sensitivity test. The bacterial isolated from the pus were Arcanobacterium pyogenes which was resistant to streptomycin and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim and Eschericia coli that was resistant to streptomycin. Blood was also collected through jugular venipuncture for complete hematology and biochemistry analysis where the cow was having monocytosis, slightly elevated AST, hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Based on the history, clinical examination and laboratory findings the cow was diagnosed with clinical endometritis. For the treatment, Flunixin meglumine 1.1mg/kg was administered twice a day intramascularly for 3 days as anti-inflammatory, anti-pyrexic and analgesic. Broad spectrum long acting oxytetracycline 20mg/kg antibiotic was also given once intramascularly to treat current infections and to prevent secondary bacterial infections. In addition, Fercobsang 1ml/10kg was administered intramuscularly once as iron supplement. Furthermore, intrauterine wash was performed with 0.9% NaCL using a modified intravenous line where it was passed through the vulva into the uterine body. All the mucupurulent discharge was then irrigated by continuous flushing of 0.9% NaCL. Finally 20ml of Oxytetracycline 20mg/kg was flushed into the uterine body as the final lavage.

Pneumonic pasteurellosis caused by Mannhaemia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) is a common disease with high prevalence in sheep and goats. This clinical case reports the occurrence of pneumonic pasteurellosis in two of Boer-crossed kids. Two Boer-crossed kids age 1-week old, were presented with complain of in appetence and weakness. The farm had previous history of sudden death among the kids. Clinical examination findings revealed that the kids were having harsh lung sound with present of bilateral serous nasal discharges. Nasal swabs and fecal samples were collected as diagnostic work-ups and both kids were diagnosed with pasteurellosis. The kids were treated with dextrose fluid, penicillin-streptomycin antibiotic and flunixin meglumine non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. After third day of hospitalization, both kids showed positive response to the treatments. The prognosis of this case was good where accurate and prompt treatment were able to resolve the case.

A cross-sectional study was carried out in 5 selected cattle farms in Selangor, Malaysia to determine the occurrence of Theileria spp., and to assess the relationship between the rate of parasitemia and hematological profiles of infected cattle. A total of 50 young and adult cattle (male and female) were randomly selected for the study. Blood was collected aseptically from the jugular veins in EDTA vacutainers and thin blood smears was made on glass slides which were stained with Giemsa-stain for examination of Theileria spp and its piroplasms. The occurrence of Theileria spp. infection within the population was 68% and 72% for both young and adult cattle respectively. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the presence of the parasite andage groups of affected cattle. The hematological profiles of 35 cattle with Theileriosis was divided into 2 subgroups based on different parasitemia levels (

Many researches have suggested a link between antibiotic administration in food animals and increase in bacterial resistance in human populations. In this cross-sectional study, the screening for antibiotic residues in kidneys was done using Microbial Inhibition six (6) plate method to provide baseline data for the prevalence of antibiotic residues in animals slaughtered in Abattoir and non- Abattoir slaughter house in Negeri Sembilan district areas. Basically, the agar diffusion method uses six media which have been separately cultured with different types of bacteria that are relatively susceptible and resistant towards specific antimicrobial at certain pH level. Forty one (41) kidney samples and another fourteen (14) samples were obtained from and non–abattoir and approved (Senawang, Negeri Sembilan Abattoir) slaughter houses respectively. Fourteen (34%) of the 41 kidney samples from non–abattoir slaughter houses and 1 (7%) of the 14 samples from non–abattoir slaughter houses were positive for antibiotic residues. The result of the study revealed significant association (p

The effect of clinical mastitis (unilateral, n=10 and bilateral, n=90) on the morphometry of mammary glands of Sahel goats was evaluated in comparison with those of apparently normal glands (n=20). The mammary glands were examined at slaughter and glandular measurements such as; glandular weight (GW), glandular mid circumference (GMC), glandular longitudinal length (GLL) and glandular teat lengths (GTL) were measured using a measuring tape. Tissue samples of the mammary gland were collected preserved in 10% buffered formalin, processed, embedded, section and stained with H&E and observed under light microscope at various magnifications for presence of pathological lesions. The mean GW was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in normal glands relative to the unilateral and bilateral mastitis. Mean GLL was significantly higher (p

A three year old cross breed Brahman bull weighing 450kg was presented to the large animal unit of Universiti Putra Malaysia Veterinary Hospital with swollen and protruding penis. Physical examination of the penis revealed an inflamed glans penis (balanitis). The condition was effectively managed with the administration of anti-inflammatory agent and antibiotic until complete healing ensured. Therefore, it is pertinent that prompt and timely intervention of such condition is important in order to avoid prolonged prolapse of the glans penis, which will result in excessive swelling, ischemia, necrosis and permanent fibrous adhesions of the penis to the prepuce.

Retained placenta is one of the complications associated with parturition in dairy cows. A 4- year old Friesian-kedah cross cow weighing 400kg was presented to the large animal unit University Veterinary Hospital, Universiti Putra Malaysia, with the complain of retained placenta 9 days prior to presentation. Clinical findings were pyrexia, congested mucous membranes and serosanguineous discharge with fetid odour from the vulva. Haematology and biochemistry findings showed an increase in packed cell volume, monocytosis, hyperglobulinaemia, hyperproteinemia, hypernatremia, hyperchloridaemia and increased level of creatine kinase. Bacterial culture from the swab samples of the vaginal discharge revealed growth of Escherichia coli. The retained placenta was manually removed by gentle traction and the uterus was lavaged using normal saline (0.9% NaCl) followed by an intrauterine infusion of Oxytetracycline hydrochloride L.A (20mg/kg). Systemic intramuscular injections of Oxytetracycline hydrochloride (20mg/kg Stat), Flunixine meglumine (1.1mg/kg) and multivitamin (10mg/kg) were administered. The prognosis was good after a follow up visit one week later. Retention of placenta following parturition is usually associated with bacterial pathogens. Therefore, prompt intervention in cases exceeding 24 hours post partum is important in order to avert the incidence of uterine infections that will threaten heard fertility.

A poultry farmer reported a case of abnormal growth among 17 to 25 days old broilers chicks in his farm to the poultry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Malaysia Kelantan. The housing system was a modified closed type with a total of 130,000; 10,000 birds per house. The clinical signs observed were damp feathers which are poorly developed, stunted growth, watery droppings containing undigested feeds and unequal sizes of chicks. Post mortem examination was conducted on thirty culled chicks and the gross lesions observed were; corrugated intestines (83.3%) with some being thin and translucent with poorly digested feed within the lumen, atrophied pancreas (70.0%) and liver (66.7%), slightly atrophied thymus (33.3%), dilated proventriculus (50.3%) and enlarged gall bladder (43.3%). Histopathological evaluation of the intestine and pancreas showed lesions such a cystic dilation and degeneration of intestinal crypts, degeneration of the pancreas with vacuolation in the paranchyma and atrophy of the acinar cells. Based on the clinical signs observed, post mortem lesions and the histopathological findings, the case was diagnosed as Runting Stunting Syndrome (RSS). There is no treatment for this syndrome and it can only be prevented through good management practices

Escherichia coli is one of the most economically important bacteria responsible for early chick mortality in poultry farms worldwide. In this report, we investigated a case of sporadic mortality (15%) in 15-18 day old cobb 500 broiler chicks. The chicks were weak with respiratory distress and non- uniform growth rate. Postmortem examination showed evidence of polyserositis with fibrinous hepatitis, pericarditis, peritonitis and air sacculitis as the major findings observed. Bacteriological culture of affected organs showed evidence of E.coli growth on blood agar. The bacteria was found to be resistant to amoxicillin, clindamycin, streptomycin and trimethroprim, while intermediate susceptibility to oxytetracyclin and susceptibility to gentamycin were equally observed. The chicks were treated with gentamycin (5-10mg/kg orally) for 5 days and multivitamin (5g/L) was given in drinking water for 3 days. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of cases of colibacillosis is crutial to ensuring optimal productivity in poultry farms.

Objectives: Bovine anaplasmosis is an arthropod-borne hemolytic disease of cattle which is caused by a rickettsia; Anaplasma marginale . Anaplasmosis is also called "Yellow bag" or yellow fever, where the affected animals usually develop a jaundiced appearance. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical findings, treatment and gross pathology of a severe anaplasmosis in a dairy cow. Materials and methods: In this report, a rare case of fatal anaplasmosis in a 4 year old Jersey-Friesian cow, weighing about 200 kg was reported. Diagnosis was done based on clinical symptoms, blood examination for the presence of A. marginale , and biochemical analyses of blood. Leishman staining was done to check the A. marginale at the margin of erythrocytes. Treatment was instituted with blood transfusion and Oxytetracyline dosed at 20 mg/kg body weight and iron supplement containing 20 mL Cobaphos (containing Phosphorus 125mg + Cyanocobalamine 0.05 mg) and 20 mL Fercobsang containing Iron (as ammonium citrate) 1.75 mg, Cyanocobalamine (Vitamin B12) 0.025 mg, Nicotinamide (vitamin PP) 20 mg, Cobalt (as digluconate) 0.0067 mg, Benzyl Alcohol (E1519) 20.8 mg) were given intramuscularly. Results: The cow did not survive the infection as it eventually died of the disease. Post mortem examination showed gross evidence of splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, distended bile duct and generalized jaundice. Conclusion: Based on the consequence of this case report, preventive vector control, prompt and appropriate treatment and improved management practices are recommended in order to prevent clinical anaplasmosis cases among cattle. http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2016.c150