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Multiomics or integrative omics data have been increasingly common in biomedical studies, holding a promise in better understanding human health and disease. In this article, we propose an integrative copula discrimination analysis classifier in the context of two-class classification, which relaxes the common Gaussian assumption and gains power by borrowing information from multiple omics data types in discriminant analysis. Numerical studies are conducted to assess the finite sample performance of the new classifier. We apply our model to the Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) Study, integrating gene expression and DNA methylation data for better prediction.

Aluminum (Al) influences crop yield in acidic soil. The tea plant (

The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of the decision to purchase private health insurance (PHI) in China. Nationally representative data from the fourth wave of the China Household Finance Survey from 2017 were used, and the dataset comprised 105,691 individuals aged 18 years or older. The Andersen health services utilization model was used to inform the research. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the decision to purchase PHI. The proportion of the sample that had PHI was small, at 5.06%, but coverage for social basic medical insurance (SBMI) was 90.64%. Among PHI holders, the overwhelming majority (87.40%) also had SBMI. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that predisposing factors (age, education, marital status, household size), enabling factors (household income, SBMI status, geographical factors, household medical expense, and medical debt), and needs-based factors (health status) were statistically significant determinants of the decision to purchase PHI. This study suggests that the socio-economic circumstances of households play a crucial role in the decision to acquire PHI. The findings may be used by the insurance industry to inform actions to enhance PHI coverage and by policy decision-makers that seek to improve equality in access to PHI.

An efficient catalytic aminohydroxylation reaction of alkenes in aqueous media is disclosed for the first time. The multiple roles water plays as a reaction medium, nucleophile, and Bronsted acid catalyst provide high reactivity and chemo- and regioselectivities to this transformation. This method provides easy access to various valuable vicinal amino alcohols in a sustainable manner.

This paper proposes a joint model by combining the time-varying coefficient susceptible-infected-removal model with the hierarchical Bayesian vector autoregression model. This model establishes the relationship between several critical macroeconomic variables and pandemic transmission states and performs economic predictions under two predefined pandemic scenarios. The empirical part of the model predicts the economic recovery of several countries severely affected by COVID-19 (e.g., the United States and India, among others). Under the proposed pandemic scenarios, economies tend to recover rather than fall into prolonged recessions. The economy recovers faster in the scenario where the COVID-19 pandemic is controlled.

One of the most important applications of acoustic well logging is to evaluate the cementation quality in the casing hole; such evaluation is in fact a physical question of detecting the position of the fluid-filled strip channel that is actually distributed in a limited azimuthal and axial zone behind the casing pipe. Currently, a common detection method is to measure the amplitude of the casing wave (ACW) in different azimuths and then reverse the position of the strip channel. Thus, in this paper, a 3D finite-difference algorithm is developed to study the azimuthal distribution of ACW caused by the strip channel. The simulation results show that ACW is affected by many parameters such as the radial position of azimuthal receivers and the azimuthal angle of the strip channel. More importantly, the product of the inner diameter of the casing pipe and the central frequency of the source will determine the azimuthal distribution of ACW: ACW reaches the maximum at the opposite azimuth of the strip channel when the product is below the threshold value, and it reaches the maximum at the central azimuth of the strip channel when the product is above the threshold value.

Tea possesses a distinctive flavor profile and can have health benefits owing to the high levels of flavonoids in its leaves. However, the mechanism of the flavonoid glycosylation hasn't been well studied in tea plants, especially glycosylation at the 7-OH site has rarely been reported. In this study, four UGT genes CsUGT73A20, CsUGT75L12, CsUGT78A14 and CsUGT78A15 were isolated from tea leaves and overexpressed in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum for the functional identification of genes in vivo. In order to characterize the CsUGT functions in model plants, flavonoids in seeds of Arabidopsis and the flowers of tobacco were identified first. In CsUGT73A20-overexpressing Arabidopsis and tobacco, the level of certain flavonol glycosides involved in glycosylation reactions at the 3-OH and 7-OH sites increased considerably, but the level of flavan-3-ols decreased. In CsUGT75L12 transgenic Arabidopsis, the level of flavonol glycosides exhibiting glucosyltransferase activity at the 7-OH position increased markedly, but the concentrations of quercetin and kaempferol and flavan-3-ols decreased. In both transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco, CsUGT78A14 promoted the synthesis of more flavonol glucosides with UDP-glucose as a sugar donor at the 3-OH glycosylation site. In CsUGT78A15 transgenic plants, flavonol galactosides at the 3-OH glycosylation site with UDP-galactose as a sugar donor were increased. In the tea plant, the corresponding flavonoid glycosides such as kaempferol‑3‑O‑β‑d‑glucosides, kaempferol‑3‑O‑β‑d‑galactosides, kaempferol‑7‑O‑β‑d‑glucoside, and luteolin‑7‑O‑β‑d‑glucoside were identified. And it could be possible that they were products of CsUGT78A14, CsUGT78A15, CsUGT73A20 and CsUGT75L12, respectively.

In this paper, we construct a new seventh-order finite volume compact weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme for solving one and two dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws. We extend the main idea of fifth-order finite volume compact-WENO scheme which comes from the original WENO schemes to construct the present seventh-order scheme, where fourth-order compact stencils will be combined with nonlinear weights to get seventh-order finite volume compact-WENO scheme. The parametrized maximum principle preserving flux limiter is coupled with the seventh-order compact-WENO scheme for solving scalar hyperbolic conservation laws and the parametrized positivity satisfying flux limiter is applied to the new scheme for solving compressible Euler equations to maintain positive density and pressure. The HLLC (Harten, Lax and van Leer) flux function is used to compute the interface fluxes in the finite volume formulation. A number of 1D and 2D numerical tests are performed to demonstrate the efficiency and high-resolution properties of the proposed high-order compact scheme.

An efficient Rh-catalyzed intermolecular C(sp3)–H amination in a purely aqueous system is developed for the first time. This methodology features environmental benignity, broad substrate scope and versatility in late-stage functionalization of several biologically important molecules. Such an oxidation protocol provides easy access to various aliphatic amine derivatives in an efficient and sustainable manner.

This paper presents a model for finding optimal pandemic control policy with consideration of limited resource and cross-region human mobility We extend the ba

Chaotic entanglement is a new method used to deliver chaotic physical process, as suggested in this work. Primary rationale is to entangle more than two mathematical product stationery linear schemes by means of entanglement functions to make a chaotic system that develops in a chaotic manner.Existence of Hopf bifurcation is looked into by selecting the set aside bifurcation parameter. More accurately, we consider the stableness and bifurcations of sense of equilibrium in the modern chaotic system. In addition, there is involvement of chaos in mathematical systems that have one positive Lyapunov exponent. Furthermore, there are four requirements that are needed to achieve chaos entanglement. In that way through dissimilar linear schemes and dissimilar entanglement functions, a collection of fresh chaotic attractors has been created and abundant coordination compound dynamics are exhibited. The breakthrough suggests that it is not difficult any longer to construct new obviously planned chaotic systems/networks for applied science practical application such as chaos-based secure communication.

Glioblastoma, the predominant adult malignant brain tumor, has been computationally classified into molecular subtypes whose functional relevance remains to be comprehensively established. Tumors from genetically engineered glioblastoma mouse models initiated by identical driver mutations in distinct cells of origin portray unique transcriptional profiles reflective of their respective lineage. Here, we identify corresponding transcriptional profiles in human glioblastoma and describe patient-derived xenografts with species-conserved subtype-discriminating functional properties. The oligodendrocyte lineage-associated glioblastoma subtype requires functional ERBB3 and harbors unique therapeutic sensitivities. These results highlight the importance of cell lineage in glioblastoma independent of driver mutations and provide a methodology for functional glioblastoma classification for future clinical investigations.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignancy associated with poor clinical outcomes and high mortality rate. The association between NSCLC development and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression remains to be elucidated. The current study investigated the role of a novel lncRNA, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL), in the resistance of NSCLC to chemotherapy. RANKL expression was assessed via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, cell death rate was evaluated using flow cytometry and sensitivity of cisplatin (DDP)-resistant A549/DDP cells to chemotherapy was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Western blotting was performed to quantify p53 protein levels. Compared with matched A549 cells, A549/DDP cells exhibited significant upregulation of RANKL expression. Sensitivity of A549/DDP cells to DDP was restored following RANKL knockdown. A549 cells overexpressing RANKL exhibited notably impaired DDP sensitivity compared with controls. Conversely, downregulated RANKL expression triggered cell death and inhibited cell migration via p53 stimulation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway suppression. The current findings indicate that RANKL contributes to DDP resistance in NSCLC and may represent a novel therapeutic target in this malignancy.

To investigate the adhesion at the interface between clay and steel, a rotary shear apparatus was adopted to perform rotation shearing tests on clay materials including bentonite, kaolin an...

The effects of operating pressure and ground stress on the seepage parameters (permeability and porosity) of surrounding rock and stability and tightness of salt cavern have been investigated, and a method is proposed for safe operating pressure classification. In previous works, the analysis of stability and tightness of salt caverns were mostly carried out independently, and few studies have considered the interaction between them. However, when used as a storage space for natural gas, petroleum and brine, there are many fluid–solid coupling problems in salt cavern underground storages. To address these problems, we establish a fluid–solid coupling seepage model based on the relationships between pressure, rock deformation and seepage parameters, and apply it to actual engineering. The coupling analysis results show that the relationship between shrinkage displacement of salt cavern and operating pressure is an exponential function with negative correlation, while the relationship between seepage range of a salt cavern and the operating pressure is a power function with positive correlation. Therefore, the effects of operating pressure on the stability and tightness of salt caverns are diametrically opposite. The seepage range of gas in surrounding formations gradually increases with time, and eventually tends to become stable. Under an operating pressure of 12 MPa and after operating for 30 years, the maximum seepage range and shrinkage displacement of the studied salt cavern are 99.72 m and 1.86 m, respectively. Hence the stability and tightness of this salt cavern meet the requirements of the regulations in China, and a gas leakage accident will not occur in this storage during operation. The seepage parameters of the surrounding formation increase with operating time of gas storage, and the increase in permeability is larger than that of porosity. The research results can provide reference and guidance for safe operation and parameter design of salt cavern underground storage.

The steel frame is the main bearing structure that ensures the safety of tunnel construction. Structural damage due to instability is a common occurrence and cannot be ignored. The instability mechanism of the traditional steel arch was analyzed, and an innovative steel frame type called the π-type steel-concrete composite support (π-type SCCS) was proposed to improve the bearing capacity and structural stability. First, the constitutive and interface relations of concrete-filled steel tubes were verified. Then, the buckling model of the π-type SCCS was established by considering the effect of geometric and material nonlinearity. The characteristic parameters of the steel frame were comprehensively analyzed regarding the instability mode, internal force development, and stress variation and were optimized under different construction states. In addition, the influence of different parameters on the structure stability was clarified, including the design of the steel frame and the grouting reinforcement. Finally, the influence of the wall thickness and geometric imperfections on the stability of the π-type SCCS during local buckling was investigated. The results can provide a theoretical basis and references for highly stable tunnel support design

Effect of different components on structural, mechanical, thermo-physical properties of (Nb-Ti-V-Zr)C crystalline high entropy ceramics (CHECs) were investigated systematically via performing first principles calculations combined with quasi-harmonic Debye-Gruneisen model. The equilibrium lattice constants and density were evaluated by fitting third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state. Based on virtual crystal approximation (VCA) method, elastic moduli and lattice constant were consistent with the results from previous theoretical study and experiments, indicating VCA scheme was suitable for random (Nb-Ti-V-Zr)C CHECs. Then various of thermo-physical properties including volumetric thermal expansion coefficient α, constant volume heat capacity and bulk modulus as a function of temperature were calculated by applying quasi-harmonic Debye-Gruneisen model. In finality, the influence of the concentration of differ rent metallic elements on thermo-physical properties were discussed in detail.

The bearing capacity of the pile foundation determines the safety and stability of the upper structure. However, during the thermal cycling of the energy pile, the stress of the pile will be changed due to temperature changes., which will affect the bearing capacity of the energy pile foundation. In order to analyze the mechanical properties of the energy pile under multi-field coupling, the finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics is used to establish the thermal-mechanical coupling analysis model of the energy pile. We apply thermal load on the pile body and vertical load on the top of the pile. The results show that: Under the multi-field coupling of temperature and mechanical load, the energy pile body expands when heated, and the displacement of the pile top decreases; this will cause uneven settlement between the energy pile foundation laying the heat exchange tube and other pile foundations, which will lead to the tilt and damage of the superstructure; the stress of the pile during the heating of the energy pile will increase.

In this paper, we apply a maximum-principle-satisfying nonlinear high order finite volume compact-WENO scheme to traffic flow problem on networks.The finite volume compact-WENO scheme is coupled with a limiter at each time stage to satisfy strict maximum principle under suitable CFL numbers.The numerical results demonstrate that the present compact-WENO scheme provided high resolution and essentially non-oscillatory numerical solutions. In this paper, we apply a maximum-principle-satisfying finite volume compact weighted scheme to numerical modeling traffic flow problems on networks. Road networks can be numerically model as a graph, whose edges are a finite number of roads that join at junctions. The evolution on each road is described by a scalar hyperbolic conservation law, and traffic distribution matrices are used to formulate coupling conditions at the network junctions. In order to achieve maximum-principle of the traffic density on each road, the maximum-principle-satisfying polynomial rescaling limiter is adopted. Numerical results for road networks with rich solution structures are presented in this work and indicate that the finite volume compact weighted scheme produces essentially non-oscillatory, maximum principle preserving and high resolution solutions.

Mechanical properties such as stress, deformation, and plastic zone distribution of the middle-rock-wall, along with the mechanical characteristics of the preliminary lining under different...

In this paper, under a sufficient and necessary condition, we prove that the double barrier reflected BSDE has a unique square-integrable adapted solution via penalization method.

Although nonlinear expectation theory has attracted much attention in literature, the related statistical models and statistical inferences have not yet been well established. The goal of this paper is to construct a k -sample upper expectation regression, a special nonlinear expectation regression, and then investigate its statistical properties. First, under the framework of k -sample, the upper expectation linear regression is defined and its identifiability is given. Then, based on the newly defined model together with k -sample, several estimations and predictions are suggested, consistency and asymptotic normality are established. Finally, simulation studies and a real financial example are carried out to illustrate the new methodology. All notions and methodologies developed are essentially different from classical ones and can be thought of as a foundation for general nonlinear expectation statistics.

RFID indoor positioning technology has a good application prospect. This paper analyzes the RFID indoor positioning method based on received signal strength indication (RSSI).First, the indoor signal propagation model is constructed, the model parameters are estimated using the weighted least squares method, and then the received signal strength indication is used to estimate the distance between the target to be located and the reader at the known position. This method has certain practical value.

The ancient stone arch bridge is the cultural and architectural heritage of human, the protection of it is a worldwide problem. Considering the problems that some ancient stone arch bridges with a long history lack reliable design data, and it is difficult to identify their detailed geometric features efficiently, a novel reconstruction method of ancient stone arch bridge via terrestrial LiDAR scans is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the terrestrial LiDAR w applied to get the whole point clouds of the ancient stone arch bridge surface, and then the point clouds was preprocessed. The non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) algorithm is used to extract, fit and reconstruct the ancient stone arch bridge based on the point clouds. The results show that terrestrial LiDAR technology could be used to get point clouds of the stone arch bridge comprehensively and accurately, and realize the reconstruction of the stone arch bridge model.

Flavonol derivatives are a group of flavonoids benefiting human health. Their abundant presence in tea is associated with astringent taste. To date, mechanism pertaining to the biosynthesis of flavonols in tea plants remains unknown. In this study, we used bioinformatic analysis mining the tea genome and obtained three cDNAs that were annotated to encode flavonol synthases (FLS). Three cDNAs, namely CsFLSa, b, and c, were heterogenously expressed in E. coli to induce recombinant proteins, which were further used to incubate with three substrates, dihydrokampferol (DHK), dihydroquercetin (DHQ), and dihydromyricetin (DHM). The resulting data showed that three rCsFLSs preferred to catalyze (DHK). Overexpression of each cDNA in tobacco led to the increase of kampferol and the reduction of anthocyanins in flowers. Further metabolic profiling of flavan-3-ols in young tea shoots characterized that kaempferol derivatives were the most abundant, followed by quercetin and then myricetin derivatives. Taken together, these data characterized the key step committed to the biosynthesis of flavonols in tea leaves. Moreover, these data enhance understanding the metabolic accumulation relevance between flavonols and other main flavonoids such as flavan-3-ols in tea leaves.

We report an experimental and theoretical study on the electronic structure of methyl iodide. The binding energy spectrum (BES) and electron-momentum profiles (EMPs) of valence orbitals have been measured using a high-sensitivity electron-momentum spectrometer at the impact energy of 1200 eV plus binding energy. Theoretical calculations considering the relativistic and electron correlation effects are performed to illuminate the measured results. For the two outermost orbitals, the relativistic effects are revealed by the experimental and theoretical EMPs for two spin-orbit splitting components ($2{e}_{3/2}$ and $2{e}_{1/2}$) and the C-I bonding orbital ($3{a}_{1}$). In the inner valence region, satellite structures associated with the ionizations from $2{a}_{1}$ and $1{a}_{1}$ orbitals are observed in the BES and the pole strengths for the satellites are determined by comparing the measured EMPs with the calculated ones. Moreover, distinct relativistic and electron correlation effects on the EMPs for the $2{a}_{1}$ orbital and its satellites have been found.

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. A class of infinite horizon forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs) is investigated. Under some monotonicity conditions, the existence and uniqueness of solutions in an arbitrarily large space for FBSDEs on infinite horizon is obtained. The probabilistic interpretations for a large class of quasilinear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) in a global space is then given by virtue of the solutions of FBSDEs on infinite horizon.

Glioblastoma, the predominant adult malignant brain tumor, is subject to a limited number of driver mutations and has been computationally classified into subtypes whose functional relevance remains to be established. We have previously reported genetically engineered glioblastoma mouse models initiated by identical driver mutations in two distinct cells of origin: adult subventricular zone neural stem cells and oligodendrocyte lineage progenitors. These biologically and functionally separable tumors portray unique transcriptional profiles reflective of their respective lineage. Here, we identify corresponding transcriptional profiles among human glioblastoma data sets and describe patient derived xenografts with parallel features including species-conserved subtype-discriminating functional properties. Both mouse and human oligodendrocyte lineage associated glioblastoma subtypes exhibit functional ErbB3 receptor requirement and unique shared therapeutic sensitivities. We thus provide a biological lineage-based classification for glioblastoma. Significance: Glioblastoma has no effective treatment. Elucidation of biological and functional stratification may, as demonstrated here, reveal therapeutic sensibilities that are masked in the absence of subtype stratification.

The first synthetically useful interrupted Witkop oxidation has been disclosed through a radical triggered oxidative peroxycyclization of tryptamine derivatives, using a TBAI/TBHP catalytic system. This differs from known tryptophan oxidations, which typically cleave the 2,3-double bond. Upon one-pot reduction, this system renders an easy access to structurally distinct peroxypyrroloindoles, which are demonstrated to be useful precursors in various downstream synthetic elaborations.

The structural integrity of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in blast events is important for critical facilities. In this paper, a structural reliability analysis is conducted to predict the damage and risk reduction for RC wall panels subjected to explosive blast loading. Due to considerable uncertainties associated with material properties, dimensions, structural response, blast loading, as well as expected damage, probabilistic methods are used in quantifying the probability of damage for conventional and blast-resistant RC precast cladding wall panels by incorporating spatial and non-spatial variables. The variability of blast loading is also taken into consideration. Monte Carlo simulation and numerical methods are utilized to predict damage of RC wall panels subject to various threat scenarios, based on a physics-based computer programme LS-DYNA to estimate maximum support rotations. It was found that spatial variability of concrete compressive strength and concrete cover has little effects on the structural reliability for precast concrete panels, and the blast-resistant wall has 5%–100% lower probability of hazardous failure than the corresponding value for a conventional wall.

This paper studies linear quadratic games problem for stochastic Volterra integral equations (SVIEs in short) where necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of saddle points are derived in two different ways. As a consequence, the open problems raised by Chen and Yong (2007) are solved. To characterize the saddle points more clearly, coupled forward-backward stochastic Volterra integral equations and stochastic Fredholm-Volterra integral equations are introduced. Compared with deterministic game problems, some new terms arising from the procedure of deriving the later equations reflect well the essential nature of stochastic systems. Moreover, our representations and arguments are even new in the classical SDEs case.

Columns are the key load-bearing elements in frame structures and exterior columns are probably the most vulnerable structural components to terrorist attack. In this paper, a spatial reliability analysis is conducted to predict the damage for reinforced concrete (RC) columns subject to explosive blast loading. The spatial variability of material and dimensional properties of RC columns are modelled by stationary and non-stationary random fields. The variability of blast loading is also taken into consideration. Monte Carlo simulation and numerical methods are used to derive Blast Reliability Curves for RC columns under explosive loading for a number of terrorism threat scenarios, based on a high–fidelity physics-based computer programme LS-DYNA to estimate design and residual axial load-carrying capacity of RC columns. It was found that spatial variability has a significant effect on structural reliabilities and the spatial model will lead to more accurate predictions of damage and safety risks.

The binding energy spectra and electron momentum distributions for the outer valence molecular orbitals of gaseous 2-fluoroethanol have been measured by the non-coplanar asymmetric (e, 2e) spectrometer at impact energy of 2.5 keV plus binding energy. The quantitative calculations of the ionization energies and the relevant molecular orbitals have been carried out by using the outer-valence Green's function method and the density functional theory with B3LYP hybrid functional. The observed ionization bands in binding energy spectra, as well as the previous photoelectron spectrum which was not assigned, have been assigned for the first time through the comparison between experiment and theory. In general, the theoretical electron momentum distributions calculated by B3LYP method with aug-cc-pVTZ basis set are in line with the experimental ones when taking into account the Boltzmann-weighted thermo-statistical abundances of five conformers of 2-fluoroethanol.

This technical note is concerned with a class of partial information control problems for backward doubly stochastic systems. By the method of convex variation and duality technique, one sufficient condition (a verification theorem) and one necessary condition for optimality for this type of partial information controls are proved. Then, our theoretical results are applied to study a partial information linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control problem of a backward doubly stochastic system.

A case of damages in the secondary lining of a multiarch tunnel is studied by field investigation and numerical analysis, which is subject to asymmetry pressure and buried at shallow depth....

A non-intrusive acoustic monitoring method for valve internal leakage with dual-sensor is proposed. Sensing device is designed to be able to adjust and lock the contact degree between the sensor and pipe wall, and can be loaded and unloaded quickly. The time-frequency domain features of the acoustic signal, which sampled under the conditions of valve normal, valve leak, pipe tapping, pump starting when the valve at open or closed state, are analysed and compared. Feature extraction approach based on the wavelet packet energy ratio for valve leak acoustic signal is proposed, which can effectively distinguish valve internal leakage and external interferences. It has a high leakage detection sensitivity, and can greatly reduce the sampling frequency and the difficulty of valve internal leakage diagnosis.

We investigate a stochastic optimal control problem where the controlled system is depicted as a stochastic differential delayed equation; however, at the terminal time, the state is constrained in a convex set. We firstly introduce an equivalent backward delayed system depicted as a time-delayed backward stochastic differential equation. Then a stochastic maximum principle is obtained by virtue of Ekeland's variational principle. Finally, applications to a state constrained stochastic delayed linear-quadratic control model and a production-consumption choice problem are studied to illustrate the main obtained result., 16 pages

Protective interventions are often needed to protect sensitive buildings from ground deformation induced by tunneling. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of underground jet-grouted partition wall in mitigating the effects of shield-tunnel construction on existing piled structures by means of numerical analysis and field monitoring. It is shown that the tunneling-induced displacements field can be modified by the underground partition wall in different ways depending on the combination of influential factors, such as wall stiffness, partition range angle, and insert depth below the tunnel invert. The results also indicate that the presence of the partition wall can relieve the existing piles from suffering from differential displacement, thereby improving the mechanical performance of pile–pier interaction. The reasonable agreement found between the observed field measurements and the numerical results demonstrates that underground jet-grouted partition wall can serve as an effective recourse o...

In this paper, we focus on a new class of equations called the anticipated backward stochastic Volterra integral equations (ABSVIEs, for short). In this class of equations, the generator involves not only the present information of the solution but also its future one. Under the Lipschitz condition, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of the adapted M-solutions. Meanwhile, a comparison theorem is also proved.

Sub-horizontal jet-grouted columns and pipe roof are usually adopted to reinforce weak ground ahead of tunnel excavation face, but they bear a low tensile strength and poor waterproof capacity, respectively. A combination of sub-horizontal jet-grouted columns and pipe roof was proposed to reinforce weak ground before Jiangmen tunnel passed beneath a spillway for drainage of Yu-long Reservoir. Due to the pipe roof added below the jet-grouted columns, numerical simulation demonstrates that stress in the jet-grouted columns, ground surface settlement, convergence and stress of primary liner are reduced, and the stability of the excavation face is increased substantially. The umbrella formed by jet-grouted columns works as a shell, and the pipes in the pipe roof behave as beams in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Due to their respective features in the working mechanism, Jiangmen tunnel stayed safe when it passed beneath the spillway. The field measurements are comparable to the numerical results, although there are some differences in their values due to some influence factors.

Safety coefficient and surface settlement were chosen as evaluation indicators for non-self-stabilizing weak strata and basic self-stabilizing weak strata. Fluid mechanical interaction is used to analyze the pre-reinforcement scope and strength parameters in this numerical method. Moreover, the scope of lateral reinforcement is discussed based on the damage modes of tunnels in stratums with different depths. The study shows the following: (1) the thickness and stiffness of reinforced regions must meet certain conditions simultaneously to obtain a better surface settlement; (2) the thickness of reinforced region must be approximately 2-2.5 m and the stiffness of reinforced region should be increased until it is six times that of the original stratum to guarantee stable stratum stability in non-self-stabilizing stratums; (3) the thickness should be 1.5-2 m for basic stability strata, and the stiffness should be increased until it is five times that of the original stratum. Finally, the scope of consolidation given the damage mechanism of formation is verified through numerical calculation.

The binding energy spectrum and electron momentum distributions for the outer valence orbitals of n-propyl iodide molecule have been measured using the electron momentum spectrometer employing non-coplanar asymmetric geometry at impact energy of 2.5 keV plus binding energy. The ionization bands have been assigned in detail via the high accuracy SAC-CI general-R method calculation and the experimental momentum profiles are compared with the theoretical ones calculated by Hartree-Fock and B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ(C,H)6-311G** (I). The spin-orbit coupling effect and intramolecular orbital interaction have been analyzed for the outermost two bands, which are assigned to the iodine 5p lone pairs, using NBO method and non-relativistic as well as relativistic calculations. It is found that both of the interactions will lead to the observed differences in electron momentum distributions. The experimental results agree with the relativistic theoretical momentum profiles, indicating that the spin-orbit coupling effect dominates in n-propyl iodide molecule.

The Deleted in AZoospermia Like (DAZL) gene is a member of the DAZ (deleted in azoospermia) gene family which are critical for successful germ cell development in diverse animals. In previous research, we discovered two SNPs (DAZL c.570+385 AG, DAZL c.735+150 CA) associated with litter size traits in sows. Here we selected DAZL gene as a candidate gene for boar sperm quality traits based on its function on the formation of germ cells during spermatogenesis, and then analyzed the associations of the two SNPs with sperm quality traits in Duroc (n=185), Large White (n=87) and Landrace (n=49) pig populations. The results showed DAZL c.570+385 AG boars had significantly higher motility (MOT) than GG boars (P0.05) in Large White and Landrace pigs; Duroc DAZL c.735+150 CA boars had significantly lower MOT and lower sperm concentration (SCON) than CC and AA boars (P0.05), respectively; Large White DAZL c.735+150 CC boars produced lower abnormal sperm rate (ASR) than CA and AA boars (P0.05), with favorable allelic C substitution effect -0.94% (P0.05). Our research indicated that DAZL c.570+385 AG and DAZL c.735+150 CA locus were the potential molecular markers for improving the sperm quality traits in pigs.