417 results on '"Younis, S."'
Search Results
152. Impact of hepatitis C virus infection on neutrophil oxidative burst function in hemodialysis patients
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Hassoba, H. M., Younis, S. E., Fahmy, H. A., Labib, S., Abdelrazek, N. Y., Youssef, A., El-Hadidy, G. S., and Lobna Metwally
153. A comparative study on nutritional composition of some selected wild plants of semi-arid environment in Punjab, Pakistan
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Younis, S., Khan, Z. I., Ahmad, K., Sher, M., Batool, A. I., Arshad, F., Noorka, I. R., Mehmood, N., Zafar, A., Bashir, H., muhammad Irfan Sohail, Khan, A., Sheikh, Z., Shad, H. A., Rashid, A., and Ahmad, M. S.
154. Bioefficacies of Cassia fistula: An Indian labrum
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Rizvi, M. M. A., Mohammad Irshad, El Hassadi, G., and Younis, S. B.
155. Preparation of porous activated carbons from rice husk with alkali activation
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Gadalla, A. G., Younis, S. S., Fahmy, M. F. M., Ibiari, N. N., and joseph farah
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lcsh:Chemistry ,lcsh:QD1-999 - Abstract
Activated carbons were prepared from rice husk by chemical activation using various alkali hydroxides (KOH, NaOH) as activating agent. The influences of activation parameters such as impregnation ratio, activation temperature and retention time on the final products were investigated, and the optimum preparation conditions were determined. The products were characterized by nitrogen gas adsorption isotherms at −196 °C and the surface areas and pore volume of the carbon were estimated by BET method. The specific surface area and pore volume were as high as 2960, 2450 m2/g and 2.159. 1.525 ml/g for activated carbons prepared using KOH, NaOH, respectively. Adsorption of Cr (VI) ions from solutions onto the resulting activated carbons have been studied. The effect of the solution pH on the adsorption was studied in the pH range 1-7 and 25±2 °C. The results show that the process was pH dependent. The experimental adsorption isotherm data were analyzed using three models, Freundlich, Langmuir and BET isotherm models and various adsorption parameters have been calculated. Equilibrium data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm model. The results indicated that the prepared activated carbons are suitable adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from wastewaters effluents.
156. Immunization of zebu calves againstFasciola gigantica, using irradiated metacercariae
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Younis, S. A., primary, Yagi, A. I., additional, Haroun, E. M., additional, Gameel, A. A., additional, and Taylor, M. G., additional
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- 1986
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157. Studies on heterologous resistance betweenSchistosoma bovisandFasciola giganticain Sudanese cattle
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Yagi, A. I., primary, Younis, S. A., additional, Haroun, E. M., additional, Gameel, A. A., additional, Bushara, H. O., additional, and Taylor, M. G., additional
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- 1986
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158. The effect of Nuvacron on the mitotic behaviour of Vicia faba L.
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Younis, S. E. A., primary, Abdou, R. F., additional, and Sherif, T. H. I., additional
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- 1988
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159. Contributions to the study of Penicillium egyptiacum van beyma
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Sabet, Younis S., primary
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- 1938
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160. Analysis of performance measures of forward CDMA link with non-linear devices in the signal path
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Sorokine, V., primary and Younis, S., additional
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161. Reply: To PMID 24052007.
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Kamel, N, Metwally, L, Gomaa, N, Ahmed, W A Sayed, Lotfi, M, Younis, S, and Sayed Ahmed, W A
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- 2015
162. Contributions to the study of Penicillium egyptiacum van beyma
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Younis S. Sabet
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Septate ,Homothallism ,Penicillium egyptiacum ,Hypha ,Genus ,Botany ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Humidity ,Biology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Summary 1. Penicillium egyptiacum isolated from soil in Egypt, differs from most species of the genus in producing perithecia with readiness on most common media. 2. Tests of its behaviour at various temperatures, on media of different p H, in conditions of different humidity and at reduced atmospheric pressure, show that special conditions of the environment have no particular effect on the formation of the perithecia. Of the conditions tested, humidity seems to exert most effect. 3. The archicarp is not coiled, but has the form of a short, stout septate hypha. 4. Asci develop rapidly, and not after a period of inactivity. 5. The species is homothallic.
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- 1938
163. Interleukin 6 blockade-associated weight gain with abdominal enlargement in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Younis S, Rosner I, Rimar D, Boulman N, Rozenbaum M, Odeh M, Slobodin G, Younis, Said, Rosner, Itzhak, Rimar, Doron, Boulman, Nina, Rozenbaum, Michael, Odeh, Majed, and Slobodin, Gleb
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- 2013
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164. Analysis of performance measures of forward CDMA link with non-linear devices in the signal path.
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Sorokine, V. and Younis, S.
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- 1998
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165. ChemInform Abstract: The PbO2-Pb-MoO3 System in Air.
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EISSA, M. A., ELMASRY, M. A. A., and YOUNIS, S. S.
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- 1997
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166. Removal of divalent metal cations and their mixtures from aqueous streams using micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration
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Younis, S [Cairo Univ. (Egypt)]
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- 1994
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167. Gamma ray induced mutants in Rhizobium meliloti
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Younis, S
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- 1975
168. PATHOGENICITY OF SOME GAMMA-INDUCED FUSARIUM MONILIFORME MUTANTS.
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Younis, S
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- 1971
169. Investigation of Nuclear Photo-Reactions in Light Elements with the Photographic Method
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Younis, S
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- 1949
170. Nuclear Photo-Processes in the Light Elements
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Younis, S
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- 1949
171. THE DEUTERON PHOTO-DISINTEGRATION BY THE LITHIUM GAMMA-RAYS
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Younis, S
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- 1951
172. ABSOLUTE NEUTRON AND GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA OF JEEP MEASURED BY MEANS OF NUCLEAR EMULSIONS
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Selim-Younis, S
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- 1957
173. DETERMINATION OF REACTOR'S SPECTRA BY MEANS OF NUCLEAR EMULSIONS
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Selim-Younis, S
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- 1959
174. Brolucizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Real-life outcomes from a tertiary care eye hospital.
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Fabozzi L, Younis S, Sen S, López-Cuenca I, and Palmieri F
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Purpose: To report real-world clinical evidence of brolucizumab in treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD)., Methods: This study included 37 eyes with nAMD treated with intravitreal injections of brolucizumab. The main outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes, central retinal thickness (CRT), and serious ocular adverse events. Intraretinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF), subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM), pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs), hyperreflective foci, macular atrophy, and retinal pigment epithelial tears were evaluated., Results: The mean BCVA of all patients showed a post-treatment value of 0.47 ± 0.33 log of minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR), compared to a baseline measure of 0.50 ± 0.28 LogMAR (P = 0.372). For treatment-naïve patients, a non-statistically significant improvement in BCVA was observed (P = 0.116). Both treatment-naive patients and the entire patient cohort exhibited a statistically significant improvement in the mean CRT after injections. Majority of patients exhibited improvements in optical coherence tomography findings, specifically in the resolution of IRF, SRF, SHRM, and PEDs. Four eyes experienced ocular adverse events in the form of intraocular inflammation., Conclusion: Brolucizumab did not yield a substantial improvement in BCVA, but it exhibited efficacy in reducing CRT in the entire study population and treatment-naive patients with nAMD. Our study identified intraocular inflammation as a significant adverse event with brolucizumab. Thus, precise patient selection, education, and vigilant inflammation monitoring are crucial for patients undergoing this treatment., (Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.)
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- 2024
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175. Detection of M. tuberculosis DNA in TB contacts' PBMC does not associate with blood RNA signatures for incipient tuberculosis.
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Rosenheim J, Abebe M, Belay M, Tulu B, Tayachew D, Tegegn M, Younis S, Jolliffe DA, Aseffa A, Ameni G, Reece ST, Noursadeghi M, and Martineau AR
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- 2024
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176. Zingiber officinale Ameliorates Acute Toxoplasmosis-Induced Pathology in Mice.
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El-Kady AM, Elshazly H, Alsulami MN, Albohiri HH, Alshehri EA, Alfaifi MS, Mohamed K, Wakid MH, Gattan HS, Altwaim SA, Al-Megrin WAI, Almalki GH, Abdel-Rahman IAM, Elshabrawy HA, and Younis S
- Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infects one third of the world's population with significant illness, mainly among immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women. Treatment options for toxoplasmosis are limited which signifies the need for novel, potent, and safe therapeutic options. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) in treating mice infected with the RH T. gondii strain., Materials and Methods: Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to identify components of ethanolic extract of Z. officinale. A total of 80 mice were randomly allocated into four experimental groups that contained 20 mice each. The first group was left uninfected (uninfected control), while three groups were infected with T. gondii RH virulent strain tachyzoites at 2500 tachyzoites/mouse. One infected group was left untreated (infected, untreated), whereas the other two groups were treated orally with either spiramycin (positive control) or Z. officinale ethanolic extract at doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively for 5 days, starting the day of infection. Ten mice from each group were used to assess mice survival in different groups, whereas the other ten mice in each group were sacrificed on the 5th day post-infectin (dpi) to estimate the treatment efficacy by quantifying liver parasite load, liver function, nitric oxide (NO) production, and levels of antioxidant enzymes. Additionally, histopathological studies were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Z. officinale treatment on toxoplasmosis-induced pathological alterations in liver, brain, and spleen., Results: Treatment with Z. officinale ethanolic extract extended the survival of mice till 9th dpi compared to 7th dpi in infected untreated mice. Higher percentage of mice survived in Z. officinale-treated group compared to spiramycin-treatment group at different time points. Liver parasite loads were significantly lower in Z. officinale extract-treated mice and spiramycin-treated mice compared to infected untreated mice which correlated with significantly lower levels of serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as significantly higher catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of tachyzoites from the peritoneal fluid revealed marked damage in tachyzoites from Z. officinale-treated group compared to that from infected untreated mice. Moreover, treatment with Z. officinale ethanolic extract alleviated infection-induced pathological alterations and restored normal tissue morphology of liver, brain, and spleen., Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that Z. officinale treatment reduced parasite burden and reversed histopathological and biochemical alterations in acute murine toxoplasmosis. These findings support the potential utility of Z. officinale as a future effective natural therapeutic for toxoplasmosis. Further studies are needed to determine the effective active ingredient in Z. officinale extract that can be further optimized for treatment of toxoplasmosis., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
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- 2024
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177. Molecular docking and DFT study of antiproliferative ribofuranose nucleoside derivatives targeting EGFR and VEGFR2in cancer cells.
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Bibi S, Urrehaman S, Akram M, Amin R, Majeed H, Khan SR, Younis S, and Bai FQ
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Antimetabolites are the most effective chemotherapeutics for treating cancer. They have exerted their anticancer effects by interfering with DNA synthesis. Recently, interest in modified nucleoside analogues has grown due to their superior efficiency. Nucleoside analogue derivatives have emerged as crucial candidates for cancer treatment due to their ability to target the cells responsible for cancer within the body specifically. The ability of nucleoside analogues derivatives to target specific molecular pathways has reduced toxicity and increased efficiency compared to traditional chemotherapy drugs. Nucleoside analogues have interfered with physiological nucleosides and induced cytotoxicity in cancerous cells. In this investigation, derivatives of ribofuranose nucleoside analogues have been designed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed at the B3LYP/6-311 G(d,p) level. The designed molecules have been characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy using the CPCM model in DMSO solvent, and molecular structural parameters, such as HOMO/LUMO and MEPS, have been determined. Derivative d1m has exhibited a high energy gap and low absorption energy compared to the other derivatives. Molecular docking of the designed molecules (d1o-d2m) has been performed with the EGFR and VEGFR2 proteins. d2o has shown good binding energy with the EGFR protein, while d1o has shown good results with VEGFR2. Global chemical parameters and NBO analysis have been conducted to investigate the derivatives charge transfer properties and chemical reactivity. NBO analysis has provided information about the donor and acceptor parts within a molecule, while global chemical parameters have given insights into the reactivity, stability, and solubility of the molecules. It has been found that the derivatives are more chemically reactive, thermodynamically stable, and have better binding affinity than the parent molecule. Based on the analysis, the drug interaction with the cancer-causing protein makes it more effective for cancer treatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The author also declares there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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178. Average steps per day as marker of treatment response with anti-CGRP mAbs in adults with chronic migraine: a pilot study.
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Jantzen FT, Chaudhry BA, Younis S, Nørgaard I, Cullum CK, Do TP, Beier D, and Amin FM
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- Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Adult, Chronic Disease, Treatment Outcome, Biomarkers, Exercise, Migraine Disorders drug therapy, Migraine Disorders immunology, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide immunology, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use
- Abstract
Physical activity can worsen migraine, leading to reduced activity levels in adults with chronic migraine. This study investigated the change in average steps per day, as a surrogate marker of physical activity, in adults with chronic migraine successfully treated with monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide or its receptor. Data were obtained from adults with chronic migraine, who were classified as responders to preventive treatment with monoclonal antibodies. The primary endpoint was the difference in a mean number of steps per day between the 3 months prior to treatment initiation and the first 3 months after treatment initiation. The secondary endpoint was the correlation between the change in steps per day and the change in monthly migraine days. Twenty-two (20 females) participants with a median age of 48.5 years were enrolled. The median number of steps per day increased from 4421 at baseline to 5241 after treatment (P = 0.039). We found a positive correlation between the increase in steps per day and the treatment response (P = 0.013). In conclusion, an increase in physical activity, based on steps per day, positively correlated with treatment response to monoclonal antibodies. Automatically registered daily step count data might be used to monitor physical activity as a response to preventive treatment in adults with chronic migraine., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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179. Systematic review and meta-analysis of Neck Disability Index and Numeric Pain Rating Scale in patients with migraine and tension-type headache.
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Al-Khazali HM, Al-Sayegh Z, Younis S, Christensen RH, Ashina M, Schytz HW, and Ashina S
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- Humans, Disability Evaluation, Migraine Disorders complications, Neck Pain complications, Neck Pain diagnosis, Pain Measurement methods, Tension-Type Headache complications
- Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to assess the burden of neck pain in adults with migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), utilizing the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)., Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and Embase to identify observational studies assessing NDI and NPRS in populations with migraine or TTH. The screening of articles was independently performed by two investigators (HMA and ZA). Pooled mean estimates were calculated through random-effects meta-analysis. The I
2 statistic assessed between-study heterogeneity, and meta-regression further explored heterogeneity factors., Results: Thirty-three clinic-based studies met the inclusion criteria. For participants with migraine, the pooled mean NDI score was 16.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.2-19.2, I2 = 99%). Additionally, the mean NDI was 5.5 (95% CI = 4.11-6.8, p < 0.001) scores higher in participants with chronic compared to episodic migraine. The pooled mean NDI score for participants with TTH was 13.7 (95% CI = 4.9-22.4, I2 = 99%). In addition, the meta-analysis revealed a mean NPRS score of 5.7 (95% CI = 5.1-6.2, I2 = 95%) across all participants with migraine., Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis shows a greater degree of neck pain-related disability in migraine compared to TTH. Nevertheless, the generalizability of these findings is constrained by methodological variations identified in the current literature., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: HMA reports personal fees from Pfizer and Lundbeck, outside of the submitted work. HS reports receiving personal fees from AbbVie, Teva, Lundbeck, Novartis and Eli Lilly outside of the submitted work. MA reports receiving personal fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer and Teva Pharmaceuticals outside of the submitted work. MA also serves as an associate editor of Cephalalgia, The Journal of Headache and Pain and Brain. SA has received honoraria for consulting from Allergan/AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Impel NeuroPharma, Linpharma, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Satsuma, Teva and Theranica. SA is an Associate Editor for Neurology Reviews, BMC Neurology and Frontiers in Neurology; serves on the Advisory Board for Journal of Headache and Pain; and is a member of Education Committee of the International Headache Society. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.- Published
- 2024
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180. Chaos and bifurcations of a two-dimensional hepatitis C virus model with hepatocyte homeostasis.
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Khan AQ and Younis S
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- Humans, Computer Simulation, Hepatitis C, Homeostasis physiology, Hepacivirus physiology, Hepatocytes virology, Nonlinear Dynamics, Models, Biological
- Abstract
In this paper, we delve into the intricate local dynamics at equilibria within a two-dimensional model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) alongside hepatocyte homeostasis. The study investigates the existence of bifurcation sets and conducts a comprehensive bifurcation analysis to elucidate the system's behavior under varying conditions. A significant focus lies on understanding how changes in parameters can lead to bifurcations, which are pivotal points where the qualitative behavior of the system undergoes fundamental transformations. Moreover, the paper introduces and employs hybrid control feedback and Ott-Grebogi-Yorke strategies as tools to manage and mitigate chaos inherent within the HCV model. This chaos arises due to the presence of flip and Neimark-Sacker bifurcations, which can induce erratic behavior in the system. Through the implementation of these control strategies, the study aims to stabilize the system and restore it to a more manageable and predictable state. Furthermore, to validate the theoretical findings and the efficacy of the proposed control strategies, extensive numerical simulations are conducted. These simulations serve as a means of confirming the theoretical predictions and provide insight into the practical implications of the proposed control methodologies. By combining theoretical analysis with computational simulations, the paper offers a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of the HCV model and provides valuable insights into potential strategies for controlling and managing chaos in such complex biological systems., (© 2024 Author(s). Published under an exclusive license by AIP Publishing.)
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- 2024
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181. Brain Health Initiatives for Pakistan.
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Wasay M, Shahbaz N, Younis S, and Malik A
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- Pakistan, Humans, Brain
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- 2024
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182. Oxidative Stress is a shared characteristic of ME/CFS and Long COVID.
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Shankar V, Wilhelmy J, Curtis EJ, Michael B, Cervantes L, Mallajosyula VA, Davis RW, Snyder M, Younis S, Robinson WH, Shankar S, Mischel PS, Bonilla H, and Davis MM
- Abstract
More than 65 million individuals worldwide are estimated to have Long COVID (LC), a complex multisystemic condition, wherein patients of all ages report fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and other symptoms resembling myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). With no current treatments or reliable diagnostic markers, there is an urgent need to define the molecular underpinnings of these conditions. By studying bioenergetic characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocytes in over 16 healthy controls, 15 ME/CFS, and 15 LC, we find both ME/CFS and LC donors exhibit signs of elevated oxidative stress, relative to healthy controls, especially in the memory subset. Using a combination of flow cytometry, bulk RNA-seq analysis, mass spectrometry, and systems chemistry analysis, we also observed aberrations in ROS clearance pathways including elevated glutathione levels, decreases in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase levels, and glutathione peroxidase 4 mediated lipid oxidative damage. Critically, these changes in redox pathways show striking sex-specific trends. While females diagnosed with ME/CFS exhibit higher total ROS and mitochondrial calcium levels, males with an ME/CFS diagnosis have normal ROS levels, but larger changes in lipid oxidative damage. Further analyses show that higher ROS levels correlates with hyperproliferation of T cells in females, consistent with the known role of elevated ROS levels in the initiation of proliferation. This hyperproliferation of T cells can be attenuated by metformin, suggesting this FDA-approved drug as a possible treatment, as also suggested by a recent clinical study of LC patients. Thus, we report that both ME/CFS and LC are mechanistically related and could be diagnosed with quantitative blood cell measurements. We also suggest that effective, patient tailored drugs might be discovered using standard lymphocyte stimulation assays.
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- 2024
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183. The future of brain health advocacy: Recommendations of the 2023 World Congress of Neurology advocacy panel.
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Wasay M, Grisold W, Wijeratne T, Struhal W, and Younis S
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- Humans, Head, Brain, Neurology
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- 2024
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184. Subthreshold laser compared to oral spironolactone for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a retrospective study.
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Mercuri S, D'Alterio FM, Gallo B, Raslan W, Gupta A, Khairat N, Corazza P, and Younis S
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Fluorescein Angiography, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Lasers, Chronic Disease, Spironolactone therapeutic use, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy diagnosis, Central Serous Chorioretinopathy drug therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: To compare functional and morphological outcomes of Subthreshold Laser (STL) and Oral Spironolactone (SPR) in treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR)., Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. Treatment-naïve patients with chronic CSCR treated with STL or SPR were included, and data was reviewed at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12-month follow-up. Main outcome measures were changes in Central Macular Thickness (CMT) and Subretinal Fluid (SRF) height, and complete resolutions of SRF. Sub-analysis based on retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) status at baseline was performed., Results: 47 and 47 patients received STL and SPR, respectively. At all timepoints, both treatments significantly improved CMT and SRF (p < 0.05). No significant changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were recorded and no significant differences between treatment groups were present at each corresponding follow-up. Complete resolution of SRF was achieved in 29% and 36% of patients treated with STL or SPR, respectively, at 12-months follow up. Eyes treated with STL and intact RPE showed significant SRF decrease at 6 months and significantly better BCVA at 1, 3 and 6 months compared to eyes with disrupted RPE layer (p < 0.05). In both treatment groups, intact RPE was associated with a higher rate of complete SRF resolutions, with 43% vs 13% in the STL group and 50% vs 26% in the SPR group., Conclusion: STL and SPR are effective treatments for chronic CSCR. Greater resolution of subretinal fluid was observed in eyes with intact RPE, hence both treatments should be initiated in the earlier stages of the disease., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
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- 2024
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185. Nature 4.0: A networked sensor system for integrated biodiversity monitoring.
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Zeuss D, Bald L, Gottwald J, Becker M, Bellafkir H, Bendix J, Bengel P, Beumer LT, Brandl R, Brändle M, Dahlke S, Farwig N, Freisleben B, Friess N, Heidrich L, Heuer S, Höchst J, Holzmann H, Lampe P, Leberecht M, Lindner K, Masello JF, Mielke Möglich J, Mühling M, Müller T, Noskov A, Opgenoorth L, Peter C, Quillfeldt P, Rösner S, Royauté R, Mestre-Runge C, Schabo D, Schneider D, Seeger B, Shayle E, Steinmetz R, Tafo P, Vogelbacher M, Wöllauer S, Younis S, Zobel J, and Nauss T
- Subjects
- Animals, Biodiversity, Plants, Ecosystem, Conservation of Natural Resources
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Ecosystem functions and services are severely threatened by unprecedented global loss in biodiversity. To counteract these trends, it is essential to develop systems to monitor changes in biodiversity for planning, evaluating, and implementing conservation and mitigation actions. However, the implementation of monitoring systems suffers from a trade-off between grain (i.e., the level of detail), extent (i.e., the number of study sites), and temporal repetition. Here, we present an applied and realized networked sensor system for integrated biodiversity monitoring in the Nature 4.0 project as a solution to these challenges, which considers plants and animals not only as targets of investigation, but also as parts of the modular sensor network by carrying sensors. Our networked sensor system consists of three main closely interlinked components with a modular structure: sensors, data transmission, and data storage, which are integrated into pipelines for automated biodiversity monitoring. We present our own real-world examples of applications, share our experiences in operating them, and provide our collected open data. Our flexible, low-cost, and open-source solutions can be applied for monitoring individual and multiple terrestrial plants and animals as well as their interactions. Ultimately, our system can also be applied to area-wide ecosystem mapping tasks, thereby providing an exemplary cost-efficient and powerful solution for biodiversity monitoring. Building upon our experiences in the Nature 4.0 project, we identified ten key challenges that need to be addressed to better understand and counteract the ongoing loss of biodiversity using networked sensor systems. To tackle these challenges, interdisciplinary collaboration, additional research, and practical solutions are necessary to enhance the capability and applicability of networked sensor systems for researchers and practitioners, ultimately further helping to ensure the sustainable management of ecosystems and the provision of ecosystem services., (© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2024
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186. The outcome of sharp recanalization of chronic central venous occlusions in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
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Nasser MM, Ghoneim BM, Elmahdy H, and Younis S
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Renal Dialysis, Angioplasty, Treatment Outcome, Stents, Endovascular Procedures adverse effects, Endovascular Procedures methods
- Abstract
Background: Patients on hemodialysis are particularly vulnerable to central venous occlusion (CVO). Endovascular treatment has gained wide acceptance for the treatment of CVO. However, difficulties in crossing the occluded segment can be encountered during conventional endovascular management. Sharp recanalization has been adopted when conventional endovascular methods could not recanalize the obstructed region. This study aimed to assess the outcome of the sharp venous recanalization technique with angioplasty and stenting in the treatment of CVO in Egyptian patients undergoing hemodialysis., Methods: This retrospective study is based on data from a prospectively maintained department database of patients under regular hemodialysis who underwent the sharp venous recanalization technique for CVO. Routinely, the patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months with a clinical examination. The primary outcomes were technical success and primary patency. Secondary outcomes included complication rates and clinical success., Results: This study included 40 patients. Thirty-six patients (90%) achieved technical and clinical success. Seven patients (17.5%) had immediate postoperative complications. Four cases had minor complications (10%) and three patients had major complications (7.5%): hemothorax in two patients (5.1%) and pneumothorax in one patient (2.6%). At the 1-year follow-up, reintervention was required in nine patients (22.5%), with primary patency rate of 77.5% and a secondary patency rate of 100%., Conclusions: Sharp recanalization offers a solution for patients undergoing hemodialysis who developed CVO and failed to be recanalized using the conventional endovascular method. It offered promising technical success, clinical improvement, and good primary patency rates., Competing Interests: Disclosures None., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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187. CGRP receptor antagonists (gepants).
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Younis S, Latysheva NV, Danilov AB, and Ashina M
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- Humans, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide therapeutic use, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists therapeutic use, Migraine Disorders drug therapy
- Abstract
Small molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists are commonly referred to as gepants. The first generation of gepants provided the first line of evidence of CGRP-mediated antimigraine medication in 2004-2011. However, further development was halted due to either lack of oral availability or concerns of hepatotoxicity. More than 15 years later, the first second generation of gepants, ubrogepant and rimegepant, are now approved for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura. Furthermore, a novel and promising third-generation gepant, zavegepant, has recently been approved as well. In this chapter, we review the evidence supporting the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of gepants for the acute treatment of migraine. Furthermore, we discuss the potential limitations and future directions of this class of migraine-specific medication., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.)
- Published
- 2024
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188. No wearing-off effect of erenumab or fremanezumab for chronic migraine prevention: a single-center, real-world, observational study.
- Author
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Florescu AM, Lannov LV, Younis S, Cullum CK, Chaudhry BA, Do TP, and Amin FM
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Treatment Outcome, Double-Blind Method, Migraine Disorders prevention & control, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Abstract
Background: The present study investigates the wearing-off effect in adults with chronic migraine treated with erenumab or fremanezumab., Methods: This real-world observational study was based on pre-collected headache diaries from chronic migraine patients in treatment with either monthly injections of 140 mg of erenumab or 225 mg of fremanezumab. Consistent wearing-off was defined as an increase of ≥2 weekly migraine days in the last week compared to the second week over two consecutive 4-week treatment periods. The primary endpoint was wearing-off in the total population. The secondary endpoints were difference in wearing-off in (i) a subgroup of patients treated with erenumab and fremanezumab and (ii) consistent wearing-off in patients with a ≥30% reduction in monthly migraine days, compared to baseline, in the two consecutive treatment months., Results: In total, 100 patients (erenumab: n = 60, fremanezumab: n = 40) were included. Sixty-two out of 100 (62%) patients had consistent ≥30% treatment response on antibody therapy in both months (erenumab: n = 36, fremanezumab: n = 26). There was no consistent wearing-off over the two consecutive months from week 2 to week 4 (3.04%, p = 0.558). There was no wearing-off within the erenumab ( p = 0.194) or the fremanezumab ( p = 0.581) groups. Among the ≥30% treatment responders, there was no consistent wearing-off over the two consecutive months (2.6%, p = 0.573)., Conclusions: There was no wearing-off in treatment responders, which is in alignment with premarketing data from placebo-controlled phase III studies. These data suggest that patients should be informed upfront that no wearing-off effect is expected because anxiety for attacks at the end of the month per se may generate migraine attacks., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsAMF, LVL, SY, CKC and BAC have no conflicts of interests to report. TPD reports personal fees from Teva, outside of the submitted work. FMA has received Honoria or personal fees from Pfizer, Teva, Novartis, Lundbeck, AbbVie and Eli Lilly for lecturing or participating in advisory boards; is principal investigator for phase IV trials sponsored by Novartis and by Teva; serves as president of Danish Headache Society and board member of the European Headache Federation; serves as associate editor for Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers in Pain Research and Headache Medicine; serves as junior associate editor for Cephalalgia and Cephalalgia Reports; and is a member of the editorial board of The Journal of Headache and Pain.
- Published
- 2024
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189. Uveitis Following Intravitreal Injections of Faricimab: A Case Report.
- Author
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Palmieri F, Younis S, Bedan Hamoud A, and Fabozzi L
- Abstract
Purpose: Faricimab, a novel pharmaceutical agent targeting both angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A pathways, has gained approval for treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular oedema. While clinical trials have demonstrated its favorable safety profile, this research presents two cases of hypertensive uveitis following intravitreal Faricimab injections., Methods: Medical history, clinical findings and multimodal images were retrospectively collected., Results: The patients experienced elevated intraocular pressure, mutton-fat keratic precipitates, anterior and posterior segment inflammation shortly after faricimab administration., Conclusions: These cases prompt further investigation into the potential risk of uveitis associated with faricimab and underscore the importance of continued monitoring and research to elucidate its real-world safety profile.
- Published
- 2023
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190. Low Mutation Load in a Supergene Underpinning Alternative Male Mating Strategies in Ruff (Calidris pugnax).
- Author
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Hill J, Enbody ED, Bi H, Lamichhaney S, Lei W, Chen J, Wei C, Liu Y, Schwochow D, Younis S, Widemo F, and Andersson L
- Subjects
- Haplotypes, Biological Evolution, Chromosome Inversion
- Abstract
A paradox in evolutionary biology is how supergenes can maintain high fitness despite reduced effective population size, the suppression of recombination, and the expected accumulation of mutational load. The ruff supergene involves 2 rare inversion haplotypes (satellite and faeder). These are recessive lethals but with dominant effects on male mating strategies, plumage, and body size. Sequence divergence to the wild-type (independent) haplotype indicates that the inversion could be as old as 4 million years. Here, we have constructed a highly contiguous genome assembly of the inversion region for both the independent and satellite haplotypes. Based on the new data, we estimate that the recombination event(s) creating the satellite haplotype occurred only about 70,000 yr ago. Contrary to expectations for supergenes, we find no substantial expansion of repeats and only a modest mutation load on the satellite and faeder haplotypes despite high sequence divergence to the non-inverted haplotype (1.46%). The essential centromere protein N (CENPN) gene is disrupted by the inversion and is as well conserved on the inversion haplotypes as on the noninversion haplotype. These results suggest that the inversion may be much younger than previously thought. The low mutation load, despite recessive lethality, may be explained by the introgression of the inversion from a now extinct lineage., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. None declared., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
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- 2023
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191. Antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma activities of Aspergillus niger endophytic fungus isolated from Ficus retusa : in vitro and in vivo approach.
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Moglad E, Elekhnawy E, Negm WA, Eliwa D, Sami Younis S, Mohamed Elmansory B, Mahgoub S, Ahmed EA, and Momtaz Al-Fakhrany O
- Subjects
- Aspergillus niger, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Plant Extracts, Toxoplasma, Ficus, Asteraceae
- Abstract
Emergent records propose that Aspergillus niger endophytic fungus is a vital source for various bioactive molecules possessing many biological properties. The current study was designed to inspect the antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma potentials of Ficus retusa -derived endophytic fungi. After isolation and identification (using 18S rRNA gene sequencing) of A. niger endophytic fungus, LC/MS was utilized for identification and authentication of the chemical profile of the A. niger endophyte extract. Then, the fungal extract was assessed for its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. Additionally, its efficacy against Toxoplasma gondii was elucidated in vivo . The fungal extract displayed antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae isolates with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 64-512 µg/mL. It also possessed a membrane potential dissipating effect using flow cytometry. Moreover, it formed distorted cells with rough surfaces and deformed shapes using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Regarding its antibiofilm activity, it resulted in a dysregulation of the genes encoding biofilm formation ( fim H, mrk A and mrk D) using qRT-PCR in nine K. pneumoniae isolates. The in vivo anti-Toxoplasma potential was demonstrated by decreasing the mortality rate of mice and reducing the tachyzoites' count in the peritoneal fluids and liver impression smears of mice. In addition, the deformities of the parasite decreased, as revealed by SEM and the inflammation in tissues diminished. Thus, A. niger endophytic fungi could be a valuable source of antibacterial and anti-Toxoplasma compounds.
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- 2023
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192. The RNA-binding protein ZC3H11A interacts with the nuclear poly(A)-binding protein PABPN1 and alters polyadenylation of viral transcripts.
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Kases K, Schubert E, Hajikhezri Z, Larsson M, Devi P, Darweesh M, Andersson L, Akusjärvi G, Punga T, and Younis S
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Mice, Poly(A)-Binding Proteins metabolism, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, RNA-Binding Proteins genetics, RNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Poly(A)-Binding Protein I genetics, Poly(A)-Binding Protein I metabolism, Polyadenylation
- Abstract
Nuclear mRNA metabolism is regulated by multiple proteins, which either directly bind to RNA or form multiprotein complexes. The RNA-binding protein ZC3H11A is involved in nuclear mRNA export, NF-κB signaling, and is essential during mouse embryo development. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that ZC3H11A is important for nuclear-replicating viruses. However, detailed biochemical characterization of the ZC3H11A protein has been lacking. In this study, we established the ZC3H11A protein interactome in human and mouse cells. We demonstrate that the nuclear poly(A)-binding protein PABPN1 interacts specifically with the ZC3H11A protein and controls ZC3H11A localization into nuclear speckles. We report that ZC3H11A specifically interacts with the human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) capsid mRNA in a PABPN1-dependent manner. Notably, ZC3H11A uses the same zinc finger motifs to interact with PABPN1 and viral mRNA. Further, we demonstrate that the lack of ZC3H11A alters the polyadenylation of HAdV-5 capsid mRNA. Taken together, our results suggest that the ZC3H11A protein may act as a novel regulator of polyadenylation of nuclear mRNA., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with the contents of this article., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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193. Debate: differences and similarities between tension-type headache and migraine.
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Onan D, Younis S, Wellsgatnik WD, Farham F, Andruškevičius S, Abashidze A, Jusupova A, Romanenko Y, Grosu O, Moldokulova MZ, Mursalova U, Saidkhodjaeva S, Martelletti P, and Ashina S
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Headache etiology, Nausea, Tension-Type Headache diagnosis, Tension-Type Headache epidemiology, Migraine Disorders diagnosis, Migraine Disorders epidemiology, Migraine Disorders complications, Headache Disorders complications
- Abstract
Tension-type headache (TTH) and migraine are two common primary headaches distinguished by clinical characteristics according to the 3
rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Migraine is identified by specific features such as being more prevalent in females, being aggravated by physical activity, certain genetic factors, having photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting, or aura, and responding to specific drugs. Nonetheless, TTH and migraine share some common characteristics, such as onset occurring in the 20 s, and being triggered by psychological factors like stress, moderate pain severity, and mild nausea in chronic TTH. Both conditions involve the trigeminovascular system in their pathophysiology. However, distinguishing between TTH and migraine in clinical practice, research, and epidemiological studies can be challenging, as there is a lack of specific diagnostic tests and biomarkers. Moreover, both conditions may coexist, further complicating the diagnostic process. This review aims to explore the similarities and differences in the pathophysiology, epidemiology, burden and disability, comorbidities, and responses to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of TTH and migraine. The review also discusses future research directions to address the diagnostic challenges and improve the understanding and management of these conditions., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
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194. Zinc oxide nanoparticles produced by Zingiber officinale ameliorates acute toxoplasmosis-induced pathological and biochemical alterations and reduced parasite burden in mice model.
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El-Kady AM, S Hassan A, Mohamed K, Alfaifi MS, Elshazly H, Alamri ZZ, Wakid MH, Gattan HS, Altwaim SA, Al-Megrin WAI, and Younis S
- Subjects
- Female, Mice, Animals, Antioxidants, Disease Models, Animal, Zingiber officinale, Zinc Oxide therapeutic use, Zinc Oxide chemistry, Zinc Oxide pharmacology, Parasites, Toxoplasmosis drug therapy, Toxoplasmosis parasitology, Nanoparticles chemistry, Toxoplasma
- Abstract
Background: Although, approximately 30% of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) with serious manifestations in immunocompromised patients and pregnant females, the available treatment options for toxoplasmosis are limited with serious side effects. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify novel potent, well tolerated candidates for treatment of toxoplasmosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized using Zingiber officinale against acute toxoplasmosis in experimentally infected mice., Methods: The ethanolic extract of ginger was used to prepare ZnO NPs. The produced ZnO NPs were characterized in terms of structure and morphology using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV- spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The prepared formula was used in treatment of T. gondii RH virulent strain. Forty animals were divided into four groups, with ten mice per group. The first group was the uninfected, control group. The second group was infected but untreated. The third and the fourth groups received ZnO NPs and Spiramycin orally in a dose of 10 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg/day respectively. The effect of the used formulas on the animals survival rate, parasite burden, liver enzymes -including Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)-, nitric oxide (NO) and Catalase antioxidant enzyme (CAT) activity was measured. Moreover, the effect of treatment on histopathological alterations associated with toxoplasmosis was examined., Results: Mice treated with ZnO NPs showed the longest survival time with significant reduction in the parasite load in the livers and peritoneal fluids of the same group. Moreover, ZnO NPs treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the level of liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and NO and a significant increase in the antioxidant activity of CAT enzyme. SEM examination of tachyzoites from the peritoneal fluid showed marked distortion of T. gondii tachyzoites isolated from mice treated with ZnO NPs in comparison to untreated group. T. gondii induced histopathological alterations in the liver and brain were reversed by ZnO NPs treatment with restoration of normal tissue morphology., Conclusion: The produced formula showed a good therapeutic potential in treatment of murine toxoplasmosis as demonstrated by prolonged survival rate, reduced parasite burden, improved T. gondii associated liver injury and histopathological alterations. Thus, we assume that the protective effect observed in the current research is attributed to the antioxidant capability of NPs. Based on the results obtained from the current work, we suggest greenly produced ZnO NPs as a chemotherapeutic agent with good therapeutic potential and high levels of safety in the treatment of toxoplasmosis., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 El-kady et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2023
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195. Ablation of ZC3H11A causes early embryonic lethality and dysregulation of metabolic processes.
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Younis S, Jouneau A, Larsson M, Oudin JF, Adenot P, Omar J, Brochard V, and Andersson L
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Mice, Pregnancy, Embryo, Mammalian metabolism, Embryonic Development genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Mice, Knockout, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Embryo Implantation genetics, Proteomics, RNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Nuclear Proteins genetics
- Abstract
ZC3H11A (zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 11A) is a stress-induced mRNA-binding protein required for efficient growth of nuclear-replicating viruses. The cellular functions of ZC3H11A during embryonic development are unknown. Here, we report the generation and phenotypic characterization of Zc3h11a knockout (KO) mice. Heterozygous null Zc3h11a mice were born at the expected frequency without distinguishable phenotypic differences compared with wild-type mice. In contrast, homozygous null Zc3h11a mice were missing, indicating that Zc3h11a is crucial for embryonic viability and survival. Zc3h11a
-/- embryos were detected at the expected Mendelian ratios up to late preimplantation stage (E4.5). However, phenotypic characterization at E6.5 revealed degeneration of Zc3h11a-/- embryos, indicating developmental defects around the time of implantation. Transcriptomic analyses documented a dysregulation of glycolysis and fatty acid metabolic pathways in Zc3h11a-/- embryos at E4.5. Proteomic analysis indicated a tight interaction between ZC3H11A and mRNA-export proteins in embryonic stem cells. CLIP-seq analysis demonstrated that ZC3H11A binds a subset of mRNA transcripts that are critical for metabolic regulation of embryonic cells. Furthermore, embryonic stem cells with an induced deletion of Zc3h11a display an impaired differentiation toward epiblast-like cells and impaired mitochondrial membrane potential. Altogether, the results show that ZC3H11A is participating in export and posttranscriptional regulation of selected mRNA transcripts required to maintain metabolic processes in embryonic cells. While ZC3H11A is essential for the viability of the early mouse embryo, inactivation of Zc3h11a expression in adult tissues using a conditional KO did not lead to obvious phenotypic defects.- Published
- 2023
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196. Bacillary Layer Detachment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Case Series.
- Author
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Palmieri F, Younis S, Raslan W, and Fabozzi L
- Abstract
Purpose: This study seeks to report the clinical and multimodal imaging findings of eight eyes of seven patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) who developed bacillary layer detachment (BALAD). Setting/Venue: The patients were analysed at the Western Eye Hospital in London, UK., Methods: The approaches of this research include clinical examinations and multimodal imaging-based description of cases of nAMD with BALAD., Results: We report multimodal imaging findings of bacillary layer detachment (BALAD) in patients with nAMD., Conclusions: A bacillary layer detachment was detected in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. This multimodal imaging finding is not commonly described in the literature for this disease.
- Published
- 2023
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197. Efficacy, safety and indirect comparisons of lasmiditan, rimegepant, and ubrogepant for the acute treatment of migraine: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of the literature.
- Author
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Puledda F, Younis S, Huessler EM, Haghdoost F, Lisicki M, Goadsby PJ, and Tassorelli C
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Network Meta-Analysis, Double-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, Migraine Disorders drug therapy, Migraine Disorders diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: We performed a random-effects network meta-analysis to study the efficacy and safety of newly developed drugs for the acute treatment of migraine attacks., Methods: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase and The Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 11 February 2022. Phase 3 randomized controlled trials examining all formulations of lasmiditan, rimegepant and ubrogepant for the acute treatment of adults with migraine, were included. Data were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines., Results: Seven studies (SAMURAI, SPARTAN, CENTURION, Study 302, Study 303, ACHIEVE I and II) involving n = 12,859 patients were included. All treatments were superior in efficacy to placebo. Lasmiditan 200 mg showed the highest two-hour pain freedom, while two-hour freedom from most bothersome symptom was equally achieved by the higher doses of lasmiditan (100 and 200 mg), rimegepant and the higher doses of ubrogepant (50 and 100 mg). The odds of treatment-emergent adverse events were greatest with all doses of lasmiditan., Conclusion: Lasmiditan 200 mg was the most effective intervention in the treatment of migraine attacks, although it was associated with high degrees of dizziness, nausea and somnolence. Rimegepant showed slightly lower, but similar efficacy rates to lasmiditan. Ubrogepant had overall the best tolerability profile. These conclusions are limited by the absence of head-to-head comparisons, limitations of individual trials and of the meta-analysis methodology itself. PROSPERO trial registration: CRD42022308224.
- Published
- 2023
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198. Cytotoxic CD8 + T cells target citrullinated antigens in rheumatoid arthritis.
- Author
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Moon JS, Younis S, Ramadoss NS, Iyer R, Sheth K, Sharpe O, Rao NL, Becart S, Carman JA, James EA, Buckner JH, Deane KD, Holers VM, Goodman SM, Donlin LT, Davis MM, and Robinson WH
- Subjects
- Humans, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Synovial Membrane metabolism, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Autoantigens, Autoantibodies, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Synovitis
- Abstract
The immune mechanisms that mediate synovitis and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain poorly defined. Although increased levels of CD8
+ T cells have been described in RA, their function in pathogenesis remains unclear. Here we perform single cell transcriptome and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing of CD8+ T cells derived from anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA)+ RA blood. We identify GZMB+ CD8+ subpopulations containing large clonal lineage expansions that express cytotoxic and tissue homing transcriptional programs, while a GZMK+ CD8+ memory subpopulation comprises smaller clonal expansions that express effector T cell transcriptional programs. We demonstrate RA citrullinated autoantigens presented by MHC class I activate RA blood-derived GZMB+ CD8+ T cells to expand, express cytotoxic mediators, and mediate killing of target cells. We also demonstrate that these clonally expanded GZMB+ CD8+ cells are present in RA synovium. These findings suggest that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells targeting citrullinated antigens contribute to synovitis and joint tissue destruction in ACPA+ RA., (© 2023. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.)- Published
- 2023
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199. World Health Organization (WHO)'s Intersectoral Global Action Plan (IGAP); implications for Asian and African countries.
- Author
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Wasay M, Younis S, Charway-Felli A, and Basri H
- Subjects
- Humans, World Health Organization, Africa epidemiology, Global Health
- Published
- 2023
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200. An employee retention model using organizational network analysis for voluntary turnover.
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Younis S, Ahsan A, and Chatteur FM
- Abstract
Contemporary research of employee social network analysis has grown far beyond the conventional wisdom of network and turnover theory; however, what is missing is a comprehensive review highlighting new perspectives and network constructs from a retention viewpoint. Since turnover is a concurrent component of retention, the analysis of the factors of quit propensity can result in a pre-emptive strategy for retention. This paper aims to capture the current state of the field and proposes a conceptual model for retention by exploring network position, centrality measures, network type, and the snowball effect. We identified 30 papers exploring voluntary turnover in social network constructs. Findings show that central network position is not always associated with negative turnover. Eigenvector, structural holes, and K-shell also prove to be a strong predictor of turnover. The snowball turnover of employees in similar network positions is pronounced in scenarios where employee sentiment is negative with poor group efficacy, entrepreneurship, and group values. This paper focuses on several themes to coalesce different determinants of an organizational network to demonstrate how social network theory has evolved to predict employee turnover. The resulting conceptual model suggests how to identify star performers and propose retention strategies., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. This research did not involve primary research involving human participation; therefore, issues of informed consent and ethics do not apply. Data used in this research have been derived from previously published peer-reviewed papers., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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