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An efficient approach to increase the energy density of supercapacitors is to prepare electrode materials with larger specific capacitance and increase the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes in the device. Herein, an organic molecular electrode (OME) is prepared by anchoring 1,10‐phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione (PD), which possesses two pyridine rings and an electron‐deficient conjugated system, onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Because of the electron‐deficient conjugated structure of PD molecule, PD/rGOs exhibit a more positive redox peak potential along with the advantages of high capacitance‐controlled behaviour and fast reaction kinetics. Additionally, the small energy gap between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) leads to increased conductivity in PD/rGO. To assemble the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC), a two‐dimensional metal carbide, as known as MXene, with a chemical composition of Ti3C2Tx is selected as the negative electrode due to its exceptional performance, and PD/rGO‐0.5 is employed as the positive electrode. Consequently, the working voltage is expanded up to 1.8 V. Through further electrochemical measurements, the assembled ASC (PD/rGO‐0.5//Ti3C2Tx) achieves a remarkable energy density of 36.8 Wh kg−1. Remarkably, connecting two ASCs in series can power 73 LEDs, showcasing its promising potential for energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Curative endoscopic resection is widely used to treat colonic polyps and early stage cancers. The anesthetic strategy commonly involves the use of propofol combined with a small dose of opioids for sedation. Adverse respiratory or cardiovascular events such as hypotension often occur when attempting to achieve the necessary level of sedation. Several studies have suggested its advantages owing to the anesthetic, analgesic, and sympathomimetic properties of esketamine. However, there are no reports on curative colorectal endoscopic resection. We designed this randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of esketamine combined with propofol for sedation in patients undergoing curative colorectal endoscopic resection. Methods: A total of 166 patients who underwent curative colorectal endoscopic resection were randomly assigned to groups A (propofol + fentanyl) or E (propofol + esketamine). Ideal sedation was assessed using the MOAA/S scale and was achieved using TCI-propofol with different doses of fentanyl and esketamine. The propofol consumption and vasoactive drug dosages were recorded. Sedation-related times, adverse events, and satisfaction were recorded. Results: Of the 160 patients, the total propofol consumption was significantly lower in group E (n = 81) (300 mg) than in group A (n = 79) (350 mg). Hypotension and bradycardia were significantly lower in Group E than in Group A. The groups showed no significant differences in other adverse events, induction time, recovery time, or patient or endoscopist satisfaction. Conclusion: Compared to fentanyl, esketamine helps decrease propofol consumption and increases cardiovascular stability during curative colorectal endoscopic resection in American Society of Anesthesiologists Class I–III patients without affecting anesthesia, patient and endoscopist satisfaction, or other adverse events. Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; registration number: ChiCTR2300069014 on 03/03/2023). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skeleton is traditionally known for its structural support, organ protection, movement, and maintenance of mineral homeostasis. Over the last 10 years, bone has emerged as an endocrine organ with diverse physiological functions. The two key molecules in this context are fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), secreted by osteocytes, and osteocalcin, a hormone produced by osteoblasts. FGF23 affects mineral homeostasis through its actions on the kidneys, and osteocalcin has beneficial effects in improving glucose homeostasis, muscle function, brain development, cognition, and male fertility. In addition, another osteoblast‐derived hormone, lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has emerged into the researchers' field of vision. In this review, we mainly focus on LCN2's role in appetite regulation and glucose metabolism and also briefly introduce its effects in other pathophysiological conditions, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, sarcopenic obesity, and cancer‐induced cachexia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bismuth vanadate (BVO) is regarded as an exceptional photoanode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, but it is restricted by the severe photocorrosion and slow water oxidation kinetics. Herein, a synergistic strategy combined with a Co3(HPO4)2(OH)2 (CoPH) cocatalyst and an Al2O3 (ALO) passivation layer was proposed for enhanced PEC performance. The CoPH/ALO/BVO photoanode exhibits an impressive photocurrent density of 4.9 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE and an applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) of 1.47% at 0.76 VRHE. This outstanding PEC performance can be ascribed to the suppressed surface charge recombination, facilitated interfacial charge transfer, and accelerated water oxidation kinetics with the introduction of the CoPH cocatalyst and ALO passivation layer. This work provides a novel and synergistic approach to design an efficient and stable photoanode for PEC applications by combining an oxygen evolution cocatalyst and a passivation layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbapenem is one of the few available drugs to treat multidrug-resistance Gram-negative bacteria infections. Recently, the plasmid-mediated spread of the carbapenem resistance gene blaNDM poses a significant threat to public health, requiring global monitoring and surveillance. Here, we used both short-read (n = 2461) and long-read (n = 546) sequencing data to characterize the global distribution of blaNDM. We analyzed the replicon type of blaNDM-positive plasmids and found that the dominant plasmid type was different in diverse geographical locations. Although blaNDM gene has been transferred across diverse countries, its genetic backgrounds are highly conserved, and the mobile genetic element ISAba125, IS5, and IS26 may play an important role in the mobilization of blaNDM. A significant association was observed between host origin and gene presence/deletion variation on IncX3 plasmid, which may be a key factor in the bacterial adaption to diverse hosts. In this study, we analyzed the diversity, distribution and transmission of blaNDM-positive plasmids from a global perspective, and emphasize the importance of plasmid analysis for understanding the evolution and adaptation of blaNDM-positive plasmids and their co-evolution with bacterial genomes (resistome). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]