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Environmental protection talents training (EPTT) is recognized as a key prerequisite for maintaining environmental sustainability, and in order to study the influence of each player on EPTT. This paper innovatively constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of government, university and enterprise. The equilibrium points and evolutionary stabilization strategies of each participant are solved by replicating the dynamic equations, and the behaviors of each subject in EPTT are analyzed so as to clarify the behavioral characteristics and optimal strategies of the government's participation in EPTT. The results show that enterprises occupy a more important position in influencing government decisions. The government should reduce the financial incentives for enterprises and replace them with greater policy support. Meanwhile, the government should actively promote the cultivation mechanism that integrates universities and enterprises. The results of the study can provide a decision-making basis for the government to promote the sustainable development of EPTT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polydiacetylene (PDA) has been actively employed as sensing vehicles owing to its unique colorimetric feature upon environmental stimulation. Here, blue phase PDA has been constructed by topological polymerization of commercial diacetylene acid (DA) noncovalently modified by guest amines. Specifically, PDA including 1‐naphthylmethylamine noncovalently bonded on both sides exhibits long‐term stability in polar organic solvents. The stability of PDA depended upon both the structures of the DA and the guest molecule, underscoring a stabilizing mechanism dominated by noncovalent bonding and strong π–π interaction. Accordingly, the blue phase PDA shows a colorimetric response from blue to red upon exposure to stimuli influencing noncovalent bonding and π–π interaction, such as elevated temperature, the existence of acid or alkali at concentrations as low as 50 ppm. Therefore, the PDA developed in this study has the potential of serving as a colorimetric sensor for detecting subtle environment changes and especially for measuring the quality of polar organic solvents recovered from industrial effluent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fluorescence blinking and low multiphoton emission of quantum dots (QDs) have limited their application in lasing, light-emitting diodes, and so on. Coupling of single QDs to plasmonic nanostructures is an effective approach to control the photon properties. Here plasmon–exciton systems including Au nanoparticles and CdZnSe/ZnS QDs were investigated at the single particle level. With the modulation of the local electromagnetic field, the fluorescence intensity of single QDs is increased, accompanied by a significant suppression in blinking behavior, and the lifetime is shortened from 15 ns to 2 ns. Moreover, the second-order photon intensity correlation at zero lag time g2(0) of coupled single QDs is larger than 0.5, indicating an increased probability of multiphoton emission. The enhancement factors of radiative and nonradiative decay rates of QDs coupled with Au nanoparticles are calculated. The sharply increased radiative decay rate can be comparable to the nonradiative Auger rate, leading to dominated multiple exciton radiative recombination with PL intensity enhancement, suppressed blinking, lifetime shortening, and multiphoton emission. The results of the exciton decay dynamics and emission properties of single QDs in this work are helpful in exploring the mechanism of plasmon–exciton interaction and optoelectronic application of single QDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The superoleophobic, superhydrophilic, and flame-retardant coatings were obtained through layer-by-layer (LBL) technology using fly ash (FA) as the core. Chitosan (CS), phytic acid (PA), and fluorosurfactant (FS50) were assembled onto FA by LBL assembly using the principle of electrostatic adsorption. The CS and PA were recycled assembled on FA core for 10 layers, which was further deposited with FS50 molecules as the final layer (marked as FA@CS-PA10@FS50). Multifunctional coatings consisted of the FA@CS-PA10@FS50 powders and polymer binders were formed and could be used on a variety of substrates of various shape and size. The obtained coatings presented superoleophobicity, superhydrophilicity, and flame retardance. The contact angles (CAs) of coated substrates were all greater than 150° towards various oils (rapeseed oil, diesel, hexadecane, and dodecane), while achieved water CAs as low as 0°. The as-fabricated coatings could efficiently separate different oil/water mixtures and lotions while avoiding pollution of the separated materials. The coatings also achieved superior flame retardance, and the fire was self-extinguished within 13 s. Moreover, it also obtained excellent mechanical durability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of chiral ligands were synthesized using chloramphenicol base as starting materials. These ligands were applied to the asymmetric catalytic reactions of terminal alkynes with aldehydes to obtain a propargyl alcohol product in high yield (80–94%) with excellent enantioselectivities (82–96%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are the preferred site for hemodialysis. Unfortunately, approximately 60% of patients suffer from AVF failure within one year. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of AVF. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, specific oxidative stress-related biomarkers are urgently needed for the diagnosis and treatment of AVF failure. (2) Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was carried out on dataset GSE119296 to screen for PTGS2 as a candidate gene related to oxidative stress and to verify the expression level and diagnostic efficacy of PTGS2 in clinical patients. The effects of NS398, a PTGS2 inhibitor, on hemodynamics, smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and oxidative stress were evaluated in a mouse AVF model. (3) Results: Based on 83 oxidative stress-related differentially expressed genes, we identified the important pathways related to oxidative stress. PTGS2 may have diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy for AVF failure. We further confirmed this finding using clinical specimens and validation datasets. The animal experiments illustrated that NS398 administration could reduce neointimal area (average decrease: 49%) and improve peak velocity (average increase: 53%). (4) Conclusions: Our study identified PTGS2 as an important oxidative stress-related biomarker for AVF failure. Targeting PTGS2 reduced oxidative stress and improved hemodynamics in an AVF mouse model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heart valve is crucial for the human body, which directly affects the efficiency of blood transport and the normal functioning of all organs. Generally, decellularization is one method of tissue-engineered heart valve (TEHV), which can deteriorate the mechanical properties and eliminate allograft immunogenicity. In this study, removable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used to encapsulate decellularized porcine heart valves (DHVs) as a dynamic template to improve the processability of DHVs, such as suturing. Mechanical tests show that the strength and elastic modulus of DHVs treated with different concentrations of PVA significantly improve. Without the PVA layer, the valve would shift during suture puncture and not achieve the desired suture result. The in vitro results indicate that decellularized valves treated with PVA can sustain the adhesion and growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). All results above show that the DHVs treated with water-soluble PVA have good mechanical properties and cytocompatibility to ensure post-treatment. On this basis, the improved processability of DHV treated with PVA enables a new paradigm for the manufacturing of scaffolds, making it easy to apply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart failure (HF) is an advanced stage of most heart diseases. Some studies reported that Dengzhanshengmai (DZSM) capsule may improve HF, but its mechanisms are unclear. This study attempts to determine the function of DZSM in treating HF and investigates its potential mechanism. We demonstrated that DZSM can considerably reduce systemic inflammation, improve intestinal barrier functions and enhance cardiac functions in HF rats. Further investigations displayed that the beneficial effects of DZSM were related to the reduction of gut microbiota metabolite phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) levels in serum and heart tissue. In addition, we demonstrated that PAGln can exacerbate the severity of HF in rats, and the serum PAGln levels in HF patients were higher than in healthy subjects. Moreover, by using microbial sequencing, we found that DZSM could alter the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota in HF rats, including decreased relative abundance of Turicibacter and Turicibacter_sp.TS3, and regulated the gene expression of PAGln synthesis‐related enzymes. Therefore, our findings have contributed novel perspectives on the involvement of DZSM in treating HF, specifically in its regulation of intestinal flora and associated detrimental metabolites. Furthermore, our results have offered empirical evidence supporting the utilization of DZSM as a therapeutic approach for HF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]