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Thermal discomfort body language has been shown to be a psychological representation of personnel’s particular thermal comfort. Individual thermal comfort differences are ignored in public building settings with random personnel flow. To solve this issue, we suggested a Bayesian group thermal dissatisfaction rate prediction model based on thermal discomfort body language expression and subsequently implemented intelligent indoor temperature and humidity control. The PMV-PPD model was utilized to represent the group’s overall thermal comfort and to create a prior distribution of thermal dissatisfaction rate. To acquire the dynamic distribution of temperature discomfort body language, data on thermal discomfort body language expression were collected in a real-world office setting experiment. Based on Bayesian theory, we used personalized thermal discomfort body language expressions to modify the group’s universal thermal comfort and realized the assessment of the thermal dissatisfaction rate by combining commonality and personalization. Finally, a deep reinforcement learning system was employed to achieve intelligent indoor temperature and humidity control. The results show that when commonality and personalized thermal comfort differences are combined, real-time prediction of thermal dissatisfaction rate has high prediction accuracy and good model performance, and the prediction model provides a reference basis for reasonable indoor temperature and humidity settings.

Although the use of enclosed learning space appears to influence both attention and learning in undergraduates, this issue has rarely been investigated. This study used four types of desktop spaces with different degrees of enclosure, namely, unenclosed, enclosed on one side, enclosed on two sides and enclosed on three sides, with enclosure degrees of 0, 25, 50 and 75%, respectively. Subjective evaluations, attention tests and eye tracking were used to analyze the effects of the four types of enclosure on attention in 38 undergraduates. Subjective evaluations showed that the three-sided enclosure was favoured by 52.63% of the undergraduates, 84.21% of which considered that it contributed to improved attention. The objective data showed that quiz times were shortened by 25.95% in unenclosed spaces compared with 75%-enclosed spaces, with increases in the mean pupil diameter, area of interest attention and target fixation rate of 11.36, 8.15 and 6.89%, respectively. These results indicated that the attention level increased in correspondence with the degree of enclosure of the learning space and that highly enclosed spaces were more conducive to attention and learning in undergraduates. This suggests that relatively closed spaces should be recommended to learning institutions to improve the learning efficiency of undergraduates.

Two new species from China, Drabescus macrocladus sp. nov. and Drabescus mucronatus sp. nov., are described and figured. An updated checklist with distributions and key to males of the species in this genus from China is given. The type specimens of these two new species are deposited in the Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (NWAFU) and in Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhongshan University, ZSU), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Primary giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is a low-grade malignant tumor and uncommon cancer originating from soft tissue. Primary hepatic GCT is an extremely rare finding. Only a handful of cases have been reported in the literature. Although GCT-ST has a relatively low malignant potential tumor in the view of histology, some patients who suffered from this tumor have poor prognosis after surgery because of the aggressiveness. Thus, the early diagnosis is important, and a preoperative imaging can supply the evidence of differential diagnosis to evaluate tumor malignancy. In this study, we systematically present a rare case of 56-year-old women with chills, fever, jaundice and anorexia for 3 days. CT showed a huge and multinodular confluent lesion in the left lobe of the liver, and it had a calcification component. This tumor is characterized by fibrous components and calcification, which showed iso-intense with peripheral hypo-intense on T1WI, and mainly inhomogeneous hypo-intense on fat-suppressed T2WI. Moreover, it was mainly hypointense and peripheral linear hyperintense on DWI images with a b-value of 800 (b800) and iso-hyperintense on ADC.

In this paper, a minimum toughness assessment method of exempting postweld heat treatment (PWHT) based on the master curve method is proposed to replace the current method of determining whether to perform PWHT by material thickness. Reference temperature to prevent fracture (T0-required) for structure to be exempt from PWHT at minimum design metal temperature (MDMT) was obtained by using the master curve method under presumed stresses and flaw size. A series of exemption curves were generated for the steels used in pressure vessels with yield strength of 300∼550 MPa, and the method was corrected for low-stress conditions. Then the feasibility of this method was verified by an engineering example. A SA-738Gr.B welded joint in the example was taken as the research object, the experiment showed that the weld metal was the worst part of the fracture toughness of the joint. The results of research objects which were exempted from PWHT by the proposed method are consistent with ASME Code Case N-841, which proves that this method is feasible in assessing the exemption from PWHT.

To study the effects of geoclimatic variables of provenances on growth phenotypes and selected plus provenances, over 3000 trees of 22-year-old Larix kaempferi were evaluated from trials established in two climate zones for provenance selection and to explore the influence of climate variables on provenance performance. The material was replicated plantings of 84 open pollinated families from six provenances distributed in the mountains of central Japan. Provenance variation was observed in most age groups and the heritability of growth traits showed large differences. The phenotypic maximum value of height and diameter were significantly positive with altitude, and mean annual precipitation being important factors. Diameter at breast height growth was significantly negative with altitude and spring rainfall. The Ina provenance of relatively high altitudes, was well adapted to a variety of climates. Altitude might be the driving force for phenotypic and genetic variations and local adaptation.

Three imidazole-modified Ag-polyoxovanadates frameworks (APFs) with a controllable molar ratio of Ag+ to polyoxovanadates (POVs) [Ag(IM)2]2V4O12∙2Ag(IM)2 (APF-1), [Ag2(1-eIM)4]2[Ag(1-eIM)2]3∙2Ag(1-eIM)2∙3(1-HeIM)[V10O28]2 (APF-2) and [Ag(1-pIM)2]3[HV10O28]∙2Ag(1-pIM)2∙2H2O (APF-3) (IM = imidazole; 1-eIM = 1-ethylimidazole and 1-pIM = 1-propylimidazole) have been successfully achieved by self-assembly of POVs, Ag+ cations, and three different imidazole derivatives. Interestingly, the molar ratios of Ag+ to POVs vary from 4:1, 4.5:1 to 5:1 by changing the vanadium resources and imidazole derivatives. Notably, the coordination environment of Ag+ cations and the structure of POVs in the APFs are also different. Specifically, for APF-1, the four Ag atoms adopt three-coordinated and four-coordinated geometries, respectively, and Ag-imidazole complexes and [V4O12]4− cluster form the one-dimensional polymeric chains. While Ag atoms in APF-2 and APF-3 exhibit two-, four- and five-coordinated geometries for APF-2, four-, five- and six-coordinated geometries for APF-3, respectively. These Ag+ cations and decavanadate clusters are assembled into the 2D supramolecular structure through the Ag-O bonds and Ag…Ag argentophilic interaction. Remarkably, thus-obtained APF-2 can serve as powerful efficient heterogeneous catalyst for construction of C-N bond and detoxification of simulant sulfur mustard (yields up to 99%), which enable successful recycling for three cycles with remained catalytic activities and structure stability.

A new species in the Mileewinae genus Processina Yang, Deitz & Li, 2005, P. hunanensis sp. nov., from China is described. A checklist and a key to all known species of Processina are provided.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) are important in regulating plant development and stress response. Rapid activation of MPKs in plants usually depends on its phosphorylated. In view of this situation, a phosphorylated GhNTF6 belonged to MPKs family was screened in cotton roots under Verticillium dahliae challenge by phosphoproteomics analysis. Expression of GhNTF6 in cotton plants was did not induce by V. dahliae infection, while, silencing GhNTF6 results to enhance cotton plants susceptibility to V. dahliae, overexpression - GhNTF6 enhance Arabidopsis plants survivability to V. dahliae. Moreover, the mutation of GhNTF6 at site Thr195 and Thy197 with the phosphorylation decreased the plant resistance to V. dahliae. Therefore, GhNTF6 phosphorylation is important in plants against V. dahliae. Further analysis demonstrated that GhNTF6 interacted with a V. dahliae endopolygalacturonase (VdEPG1) on the cell nucleus. We propose that GhNTF6 is a potential molecular target for improving resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton.

A facile one-step ball-milling strategy to prepare gram-scale Mg3Al-LDH-Nb6 has been demonstrated and the thus-obtained catalyst exhibited efficient selective catalytic activities in the synthesis of biologically active organic molecules in water.

The selective oxidation of amines into imines is a priority research topic in organic synthesis and has attracted much attention over the past few decades. However, the oxidation of amines generally suffers from the drawback of transition-metal, even noble-metal catalysts. Thus, the strategy of metal- and oxidant-free selective synthesis of imines is highly desirable yet largely unmet. This paper unravels a metal-free and external oxidant-free electrochemical strategy for the oxidative coupling methodology of amines. This general transformation is compatible with various functional amines and led to functionalized imines in moderate to satisfactory yields.

Guineapona monolophos gen. & sp. nov. and Canopyana apicospina sp. nov. are described from Indonesia. These two leafhopper genera are placed in the subtribe Paraboloponina, based on the elongate antenna, placement of antennal pits near the upper corners of the eyes and crown with transverse striations or carinae on the anterior margin.

The genus Salka Dworakowska is reviewed with seven new species described from China: S. aequilonga, S. delphiura, S. dipteriga, S. lamellipenia, S. limboserrata, S. longipenia and S. taopenna spp. nov. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of these seven new species and a key to all known species (males) from China are provided.

Five new species and two new records of Erythroneurini are reported from China. The five new species, Dentaneura biangulata, Motaga rokfaoides, Seriana paraequata, Shibinga graciliprocessa and S. grossiprocessa spp. nov. are described and illustrated. Two new records from China, Alnetoidia pavo Dworakowska, 1994 and Empoascanara angkhangica, Hongsaprug, 1983, are also illustrated.

Rusty root rot is the most destructive soil-borne disease of ginseng caused by pathogenic Ilyonectria spp., and predominantly I. robusta, in China. However, there remains no effective strategy to control the disease. Current control of the disease requires that soil and ginseng seeds and seedlings infected with I. robusta are avoided during planting. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of I. robusta would be indispensable in disease control programs. A one-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay was developed to detect I. robusta in ginseng seeds, roots, and soil. The species-specific primers HIS H3-F and HIS H3-R, designed based on a partial histone gene sequence of I. robusta, yielded a 268 bp product using the optimized PCR and qPCR protocol. DNA of I. robusta was detected by qPCR in all diseased soil and ginseng roots and seeds resulting from artificial inoculation and sampled from natural fields. Ilyonectria robusta was detected at an abundance of 1.42 fg/μL at 12 h post-inoculation and 191.31 fg/μL at 7 days post-inoculation in ginseng roots that showed disease symptoms. In naturally infected soil sampled from ginseng fields, pathogen abundances ranging from 13.23 to 503.39 fg/g were detected, which were 2.04–11.01 times higher than that in ginseng roots. The pathogen was first detected and was more abundant on the surface of the ginseng seed coat compared with that in the seed kernel. This study provides a high-efficiency detection technique for early diagnosis of I. robusta and real-time disease prevention and control strategies.

The genus Mitjaevia Dworakowska is reviewed with five new species described from China: M. acrodonta, M. bisecta, M. flexuosa, M. quinquedentata and M. tridentata spp. nov.. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of these five new species and a key to all known species (males) from China are provided.

The ergosterol biosynthesis pathway plays an important role in model pathogenic bacteria Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but little is known about the biosynthesis of ergosterol in pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae. In this study, we identified the VdERG2 gene encoding sterol C-8 isomerase from V. dahliae and investigated its function in virulence by generating gene deletion mutants (ΔVdEGR2) and complemented mutants (C-ΔVdEGR2). Deletion of VdERG2 reduced ergosterol content. The conidial germination rate and conidial yield of ΔVdERG2 decreased significantly, and abnormal conidia were produced. In spite of VdERG2 did not affect the utilization of carbon sources by V. dahliae, but ΔVdERG2 observed a decrease in melanin production when cellulose and pectin were used as sole carbon sources, respectively. The ability of mutants ΔVdERG2 to produce microsclerotia and melanin decreased and the knockout of VdERG2 led to a significant decrease in the expression of microsclerotia and melanin-related genes VaflM, Vayg1, VDH1, VdLAC, VdSCD and VT4HR. In addition, mutants ΔVdEGR2-1 and ΔVdEGR2-2 were very sensitive to congo red (CR), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stresses, indicating that VdEGR2 was involved in cell wall and oxidative stress response. The absence of VdERG2 weakened the penetration ability of mycelium on cellophane and affected the growth of mycelium on cellophane. Although ΔVdERG2 could infect cotton, its pathogenicity was significantly impaired. These phenotypic defects in ΔVdERG2 could be complemented by reintroduction of a full-length VdERG2 gene. In summary, as a single conservative secretory protein, VdERG2 played a crucial role in ergosterol biosynthesis, nutritional differentiation and virulence in V. dahliae.

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To detect the mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between perceived social support and burnout in Chinese palliative nurses.Palliative nurses are a group that is vulnerable to burnout. Perceived social support may contribute to decreasing palliative nurses' burnout and facilitating their personal resilience, and resilience may be associated with lower levels of burnout. However, these relationships were unclear in the Chinese context.A cross-sectional design.The STROBE guideline was performed to report this study. A mixed sampling method including convenience sampling and stratified sampling was used to recruit participants, and a total of 319 palliative nurses completed the Nursing Burnout Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale from May 2021 to September 2021. Influencing factors were primarily identified using independent-sample t tests and one-way ANOVA. Bootstrap method was used to detect the mediating effect of resilience.The level of burnout in palliative nurses (23.4 ± 7.68) was higher than that of general nurses in China. Education level, health condition and monthly income were influencing factors of burnout. Resilience was detected as a mediator in the relationships between perceived social support and dimensions of burnout.Chinese palliative nurses experience a relatively high level of burnout, which may be influenced by several sociodemographic variables. Resilience could mediate the effect of perceived social support on the dimensions of burnout. Problem-oriented and palliative-tailored strategies should be developed to further address burnout in Chinese palliative nurses.Nurse managers and policy makers should support nurse ongoing education, adopt health-promoting interventions and optimise salary systems. In addition, perceived social support resources and resilience training programmes are also warranted.All participants were invited to complete the informed consent form and paper questionnaires. Human resource managers helped us collect some subjective data through the personnel management system. Nurse managers of palliative units conducted regular staff meetings to promote the data collection process.

Recently discovered amber-preserved fossil Cicadellidae exhibit combinations of morphological traits not observed in the modern fauna and have the potential to shed new light on the evolution of this highly diverse family. To place the fossils explicitly within a phylogenetic context, representatives of five extinct genera from Cretaceous Myanmar amber, and one from Eocene Baltic amber were incorporated into a matrix comprising 229 discrete morphological characters and representatives of all modern subfamilies. Phylogenetic analyses yielded well resolved and largely congruent estimates that support the monophyly of most previously recognized cicadellid subfamilies and indicate that the treehoppers are derived from a lineage of Cicadellidae. Instability in the morphology-based phylogenies is mainly confined to deep internal splits that received low branch support in one or more analyses and also were not consistently resolved by recent phylogenomic analyses. Placement of fossil taxa is mostly stable across analyses. Three new Cretaceous leafhopper genera, Burmotettix gen. nov., Kachinella gen nov., and Viraktamathus gen. nov., consistently form a monophyletic group distinct from extant leafhopper subfamilies and are placed in Burmotettiginae subfam. nov. Extinct Cretaceous fossils previously placed in Ledrinae and Signoretiinae are recovered as sister to modern representatives of these groups. Eomegophthalmus Dietrich and Gonçalves from Baltic amber consistently groups with a lineage comprising treehoppers, Megophthalminae, Ulopinae, and Eurymelinae but its position is unstable. Overall, the morphology-based phylogenetic estimates agree with recent phylogenies based on molecular data alone suggesting that morphological traits recently used to diagnose subfamilies are generally informative of phylogenetic relationships within this group.

Simple reaction conditions and recyclable reagents are crucial for environmentally friendly industrial applications. An environment-friendly, recyclable and economic strategy was developed to synthesize diaryl chalcogenides by the CuCl2-catalyzed C–S bond-formation reaction via iodobenzenes and benzenethiols/1,2-diphenyldisulfanes using N,N′-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (DMEDA) as ligand, base, and solvent. For these reactions, especially the reactions of diiodobenzenes and aminobenzenethiols/disulfanediyldianilines, a range of substrates are compatible and give the corresponding products in good to excellent yields. Both of the reagents in the catalytic system (CuCl2/DMEDA) are inexpensive, conveniently separable, and recyclable for more than five cycles.

Nephotettix leafhoppers are widely distributed and some members of this genus are important vectors of rice pathogens. Species delimitation in this group has proven difficult because traditional morphological characters tend to exhibit substantial variation within populations, and the morphology-based species classification of this genus has not previously been tested using molecular data. This study analysed DNA sequence data from three mitochondrial genes (COI, Cytb and 16S) and two nuclear genes (ITS2, H3) to infer the phylogenetic relationships and status of five previously recognized Nephotettix species and compare the performance of different molecular species-delimitation methods using single loci and multiple loci. The analysis supports the monophyly of Nephotettix and divided the included haplotypes into five well-supported subclades. Data from the three mitochondrial genes were usually consistent with morphology in supporting recognition of five species. However, data from the two nuclear genes usually lumped the haplotypes into a single species, probably due to the relatively small numbers of variable and parsimony-informative nucleotide positions present in these loci. The jMOTU and ABGD analyses of single mitochondrial loci gave the most consistent results with morphology. Considering the variable results yielded by various methods employing single loci, the BPP method, which combines data from multiple loci, may be more reliable in Nephotettix.

There are appreciable does of raffinose in soybean, but the impacts of raffinose on pigs are poorly investigated. We used 2 experiments to investigate the influence of soybean raffinose on growth performance, digestibility, humoral immunity and intestinal morphology of growing pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 30 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) barrows (21.93 ± 0.43 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups, and were fed with the control diet, the control diets supplemented with 0.2% and 0.5% raffinose, respectively, for 21 d. Results showed that the addition of 0.2% or 0.5% raffinose reduced (P

Background In our previous study, we screened 48 strains of Bacillus subtilis from cotton endophytes for cotton Verticillium wilt control research and screened out a strain EBS03 with good biocontrol potential However, its mechanism for preventing Verticillium wilt remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify its control mechanism to provide technical support for the control of cotton Verticillium wilt. Results The results of confrontation and buckle culture showed that the inhibition rates of Bacillus subtilis EBS03 on mycelium growth of Verticillium dahliae were 70.03% and 59.00%, respectively, and the inhibition rates of sporulation and microsclerotia germination were 47.16% and 70.06%, respectively. In the greenhouse test, the control effect of EBS03 root irrigation on cotton Verticillium wilt was the highest at 87.11%, significantly promoting the growth of cotton seedlings. In the field experiment, the control effect of EBS03 fermentation broth spray on cotton Verticillium wilt was 42.54% (60 days), among them, the quality of seed cotton and lint cotton in the soaking, root irrigation, and spraying treatments increased by 7.42% and 3.80%, 2.62% and 2.98%, 9.20% and 4.14%, respectively, compared with the control. In the induced resistance test, EBS03 improved the resistance of cotton leaves to V. dahliae infection and induced the outbreak of reactive oxygen species and callose accumulation. In addition, the results of qPCR detection showed that EBS03 induced up-regulation of defense-related genes such as PAL, POD, PPO and PR10, enhanced plant resistance to this fungal pathogen, and inhibited the reproduction of V. dahliae in cotton. Conclusion Bacillus subtilis EBS03 has a good biological defense capability by inhibiting the growth of V. dahliae, activating the disease resistance of the cotton, enhancing the disease resistance, and increasing cotton yield.