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In recent years, with the current strong support for the application of civil nuclear technology, Chinese radioisotope products industry has ushered in unprecedented opportunities and development. However, the rapid expansion of the industry also brings the problem of market size and the development of the industry technical standard system mismatch. In view of the lack of research on technical standard system construction of radioactive isotope products industry in China, this paper discusses the current situation and existing problems in standard system construction of radioactive drugs and radioactive sources industry respectively from the market scale and standard system status. At present, the existing standard system framework can basically meet the quality control of listed products, but in the field of radiopharmaceutical, there is a lack of analytical testing technology, nuclide and quality control key equipment verification standards. In the field of radioactive sources, there are problems with outdated standards, low participation in the formulation of international standards and small coverage of standards exist. Aiming at these problems, upgrading and improving the radioactive isotope products standard system systematically, complementing the existing standard system of blank area and weak area, completing the standard cohesion at various levels shall strengthen the standard stable cross, promoting widespread promotion and application of standards in the industry and enhancing the level of standard internationalization and so on were put forward, which hope to provide a reference for the construction of the technical standard system for radioisotope products.

BiVO4 faces significant challenges for widespread application in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation due to its poor hole transport ability, high surface defect density, and sluggish water oxidation reaction kinetics. Employing interfacial engineering to assist in energy level modulation is an effective strategy to address these challenges. Herein, a CuCrO2 hole transport layer (HTL) is coupled and further grew NiCo‐MOF in situ to prepare a NiCo‐MOF‐CuCrO2‐BiVO4 composite photoanode. The novel composite photoanode not only achieves a photocurrent density of 5.75 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode (vs RHE) but also maintains stable operation for over 24 h. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization and density‐functional theory calculations confirm that the built‐in electric field generated by the p–n heterojunction formed between the CuCrO2 HTL and BiVO4 photoanode enhances the hole transport ability. Moreover, the NiCo‐MOF chelated on the photoanode surface not only passivates the surface defect states but also accelerates the kinetics of the water oxidation reaction. Under the synergistic effect of dual modification, the PEC water oxidation performance of the BiVO4 photoanode is dramatically improved. This pioneering work presents a MOF/HTL/BiVO4 configuration that provides a blueprint for the future development of integrated photoanodes for efficient solar energy conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beef is an important source of protein for human consumption globally; in addition to beef, water buffalo and yak meat are widely consumed in Asia. Additionally, water buffalo horns are an integral part of traditional Chinese medicine. Adulteration of water buffalo horn with cattle and yak horn for economic gain has become a prevalent and pressing concern. This study used multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the simultaneous identification of meat and horns from water buffalo, cattle, and yaks within a single PCR test. Species-specific primers were designed for multiplex PCR based on a comprehensive comparison of mitochondrial gene sequences with those of commonly edible and horned animals. Multiplex PCR conditions were optimized by considering the concentration of components and the annealing temperatures for each set of species-specific primer pairs. A total of 220 bp amplicons were obtained for water buffalo, 269 bp for cattle, and 346 bp for yak. Validation measures were used to eliminate interference from other animal sources. Simultaneous identification of the three species in a single assay presents substantial advantages over conventional species-specific PCR methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the nonlinear vibration characteristics of all-composite honeycomb core sandwich panes (ACHCSPs) based on high-order shear deformation theory, Gibson equivalent theory, and Jones–Nelson–Hui nonlinear theory. In this model, the intermediate honeycomb layer is equivalently represented as a single layer of orthotropic material. The energy equation is established using the energy method, and the nonlinear vibration characteristics are determined using the Newton–Raphson method. To validate the model, experimental specimens of ACHCSPs are prepared, and an experimental platform is constructed for nonlinear vibration testing. Finally, the influence of honeycomb layer thickness, honeycomb unit wall thickness, and wall length on its nonlinear vibration characteristics is discussed. The results indicate that the proposed theoretical model can effectively predict the nonlinear vibration characteristics of ACHCSP. Additionally, within the allowable range, it is possible to appropriately increase the honeycomb unit wall thickness or decrease the wall length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrical switching of antiferromagnet (AFM) is very important for the development of ultrafast magnetic random-access memory (MRAM). This task becomes more difficult in antiferromagnetic oxide NiO, which has complex anisotropy. We show that by utilizing two spin–orbit torques (SOTs) from orthogonal currents, one can deterministically switch the magnetic moments of NiO in two electrical distinguishable states that can be read out using the spin Hall magnetoresistance. This deterministic switching relies on the symmetry of SOT on different sublattices, where the sign reversal of magnetic moments leads to constructive torques in the beginning and balanced torques in the end. In addition, we show that the easy-plane anisotropy plays a key role in the switching, which has been ignored in some previous works. The uniform magnetic dynamics in this work provides a clear physical picture in understanding the SOT switching of NiO. Furthermore, the electrical writing and reading function in our device advances the development of AFM-MRAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to explore the scale effect on the mechanical properties of sheet‐based triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) uniform lattice structures fabricated with PLA (polylactic acid) under quasi‐static loading conditions. The scale dependency was evaluated by two additional breakdown categories, namely, wall thickness effect and unit cell size effect. Deformation mechanisms and failure modes as well as mechanical properties including stiffness, yield strength, first peak stress, and energy absorption based on the categories of wall thickness, unit cell size, and scale were evaluated experimentally. The assessment of the scale effect involved considering the combined influence of wall thickness and unit cell size. In addition, numerical analysis was also performed to investigate the stress distributions and compare with the experimental results for certain geometries. Ultimately, the relation between the normalized mechanical properties and relative density is evaluated and categorized, which can be used as an indication for future design practices. Highlights: Scale, wall thickness, and unit cell size effect of lattice structures were studied.Relative density played a significant role in determining mechanical properties.Unit cell size to wall thickness ratio is critical for different failure mechanisms.Normalized mechanical properties were evaluated for the future design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and use of interface materials are essential to the continued advancement of organic solar cells (OSCs) performance. Self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) materials have drawn attention because of their simple structure and affordable price. Due to their unique properties, they may be used in inverted devices as a modification layer for modifying ZnO or as a hole transport layer (HTL) in place of typical poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) in conventional devices. In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) is modified using five structurally similar SAM materials. This resulted in a smoother surface, a decrease in work function, a suppression of charge recombination, and an increase in device efficiency and photostability. In addition, they can introduced asfor hole extraction layer between the active layer and MoO3, enabling the use of the same material at several functional layers in the same device. Through systematic orthogonal evaluation, it is shown that some SAM/active layer/SAM combinations still offered device efficiencies comparable to ZnO/SAM, but with improved device' photostability. This study may provide recommendations for future SAM material's design and development as well as a strategy for boosting device performance by using the same material across both sides of the photoactive layer in OSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]