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We report a search for a dark photon using $14.9$~fb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data taken at center-of-mass energies from 4.13 to 4.60~GeV with the BESIII detector operated at the BEPCII storage ring. The dark photon is assumed to be produced in the radiative annihilation process of $e^+e^-$ and to predominantly decay into light dark matter particles, which escape from the detector undetected. The mass range from 1.5 to 2.9~GeV is scanned for the dark photon candidate, and no significant signal is observed. The mass dependent upper limits at the 90$\%$ confidence level on the coupling strength parameter $\epsilon$ for a dark photon coupling with an ordinary photon vary between $1.6\times 10^{-3}$ and $5.7\times10^{-3}$., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures

Cutaneous diseases are the fourth leading cause of nonfatal disease burden globally. In this study, we aimed to investigate the psychological symptom burden in patients with chronic activity-limiting cutaneous diseases. Our findings suggest that this patient population experience a wide range of interference with their daily lives and exhibit higher psychological burdens and lower quality of life. This study also identified that patients with activity-limiting skin conditions do not seem to seek more professional help or take more medications, which may suggest a potential gap in adequate mental health support and resources.

Due to the high moisture content and strong corrosion of oil–gas mixtures, the electrochemical corrosion and perforation leakage of their transportation pipelines occur frequently in the western oil fields of China. Using various methods, this work investigates the failure of an L360NB carbon steel pipeline in detail. The obtained results show that the present leakage and ignition of this pipeline are mainly attributed to the local electrochemical corrosion. In fact, the transported oil–gas mixture in this pipeline is usually composed of H2S and O2, besides CO2 and Cl-. Under their comprehensive actions, the corrosion rate increases, which firstly leads to the perforation and leakage within a local domain. Then, the mechanical friction between the mixture and the insulation layer readily causes static electricity. Consequently, the spontaneous combustion of the corrosion product, FeS, may promote fire formation. In addition, the methods used for removing the H2S gas and corrosion inhibitors are discussed, which provides effective tools for the suppression of the electrochemical corrosion of pipelines.

The Chinese American population is one of the fastest-growing communities in the United States, composed of ∼5.4 million people, and represents ∼5.5% of overseas Chinese populations. With an expected exponential population rise, Chinese American patients who experience serious illness or approach end-of-life (EOL) may find their cultural values influencing the medical care they receive. Palliative care clinicians must recognize diverse cultural beliefs and preferences of Chinese American patients and their families. In this study, we provide 10 cultural pearls to guide the provision of palliative and EOL care for Chinese American patients, including discussions of Chinese traditions, communication strategies for Chinese patients and families, advance care planning, and EOL care beliefs.

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) is a congenital disease caused by single gene germline mutation related to the immune system. PID patients have immune dysregulation, and are susceptible to infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases, and malignant tumors. The first symptom of some PID patients is atopic disease, therefore they go to the department of allergy, department of pediatrics and other relevant departments. How to identify and diagnose PID in allergic patients, to reduce diagnosis delay and prevent disease aggravation are the abilities that allergists, pediatricians, and doctors in other relevant departments need to master. This article summarizes the warning signs of PID in allergic patients and the mechanism of allergy combined with PID, and then summarizes the common types of PID in allergic patients, the evaluation, treatment and prevention in patients with PID and allergy.原发性免疫缺陷病（primary immunodeficiency diseases，PID）是由免疫系统相关的单基因胚系突变导致的先天性疾病。PID患者存在免疫过程失调，对感染性疾病、自身免疫病、自身炎症性疾病、过敏性疾病和恶性肿瘤的易感性增加。部分PID患者以可疑过敏表现（如湿疹样皮损）为首发症状，或因严重的过敏性疾病就诊于变态反应科。如何在有可疑表现的过敏患者中识别并诊断出PID、减少诊断延误、预防疾病加重，是变态反应科、儿科及相关临床科室医生需要掌握的能力。本文总结归纳过敏患者中提示PID的警示征象和过敏合并PID的机制，同时概述过敏患者中常见的PID类型、PID伴发过敏患者的评估、治疗及预防。.

In honey bees, the process of producing two female castes, including queens and workers, is nutritionally controlled by differential feeding royal jelly to newly emerged larvae. Although they have almost identical genetic blueprints, these castes show striking differences in their morphologies, longevities and reproductive capabilities. DNA methyltransferase 3 (Amdnmt3) gene is involved in the regulatory network for honeybee caste differentiation. Due to the role of two zinc fingers containing transcription factors, SP1 and SP3 in controlling mammalian Dnmts, this study aimed to determine a similar interaction of SPs with Amdnmt3 in the honeybee. We confirmed that the promoter region of Amdnmt3 contained multiple predicted SP1/SP3 binding sites and then investigated the role of AmSP3 in queen-worker differentiation network. We observed that the expression level of Amsp3 was significantly higher in worker larvae than that in queen larvae at 48 h, 84 h and 120 h. Knockdown of Amsp3 expression by RNAi in worker larvae significantly reduced the expression level of Amdnmt3 and caused morphological changes in adult bees towards a queen-like phenotype. However, the expression levels of Amsp3 and Amdnmt3 were repressed by juvenile hormone (JH). Our results suggest that AmSP3 is an important part of the queen-worker differentiation network and supports the role of Amdnmt3 in determining the phenotypic outcome of developing larvae.

ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to develop and refine EMPOWER (Enhancing and Mobilizing the POtential for Wellness and Resilience), a brief manualized cognitive-behavioral, acceptance-based intervention for surrogate decision-makers of critically ill patients and to evaluate its preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and promise in improving surrogates’ mental health and patient outcomes.MethodPart 1 involved obtaining qualitative stakeholder feedback from 5 bereaved surrogates and 10 critical care and mental health clinicians. Stakeholders were provided with the manual and prompted for feedback on its content, format, and language. Feedback was organized and incorporated into the manual, which was then re-circulated until consensus. In Part 2, surrogates of critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) reporting moderate anxiety or close attachment were enrolled in an open trial of EMPOWER. Surrogates completed six, 15–20 min modules, totaling 1.5–2 h. Surrogates were administered measures of peritraumatic distress, experiential avoidance, prolonged grief, distress tolerance, anxiety, and depression at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at 1-month and 3-month follow-up assessments.ResultsPart 1 resulted in changes to the EMPOWER manual, including reducing jargon, improving navigability, making EMPOWER applicable for a range of illness scenarios, rearranging the modules, and adding further instructions and psychoeducation. Part 2 findings suggested that EMPOWER is feasible, with 100% of participants completing all modules. The acceptability of EMPOWER appeared strong, with high ratings of effectiveness and helpfulness (M= 8/10). Results showed immediate post-intervention improvements in anxiety (d= −0.41), peritraumatic distress (d= −0.24), and experiential avoidance (d= −0.23). At the 3-month follow-up assessments, surrogates exhibited improvements in prolonged grief symptoms (d= −0.94), depression (d= −0.23), anxiety (d= −0.29), and experiential avoidance (d= −0.30).Significance of resultsPreliminary data suggest that EMPOWER is feasible, acceptable, and associated with notable improvements in psychological symptoms among surrogates. Future research should examine EMPOWER with a larger sample in a randomized controlled trial.

The metabolic impacts of endophytes on grape cells have been addressed in many studies. However, to date, no reports have investigated these phenomena in vine leaves, which also permit examination under well-controlled whereas more represent the situation of endophytes within grapevines. In the current work, we first established a method to test the symbiotic efficiency of fungal endophytes in vitro using aseptic grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves. Next, we compared the symbioses of varied fungal strains as well as physio-chemical changes triggered by these symbioses, in grapevine leaves from two different cultivars ‘Rose honey’ (RH) and ‘Cabernet sauvignon’ (CS). Our results demonstrated that all the tested fungal strains were able to achieve successful infection and symbiosis in leaves from both cultivars. The symbiotic efficiencies of the tested fungi in grapevine leaves varied considerably from one fungal strain to another, perhaps due to host-selectivity. Concerning the cultivars, most of the fungal strains that were tested appeared similarly detrimental and similar symbiotic rates between leaves of the two cultivars. Meanwhile, the symbioses of most fungal strains clearly promoted the detected physio-chemical traits compared to the control. Most of these fungal strains, such as RH7, RH12, RH32, and others, conferred greater physio-chemical effects in RH leaves than in CS leaves. Several fungal strains (RH34, RH49 and MDR36) exhibiting high symbiotic efficiency and lower host damage, while initiating greater physio-chemical responses in grape leaves of both cultivars, may potentially be developed for further applications. The results of this study demonstrate that, in addition to grape cells, grape leaves are also able to respond metabolically to endophytes, and also provide a more efficient approach to select candidate endophytes for grape quality management in viticulture.

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a surge of critically ill patients that strained health care systems throughout New York City in March and April of 2020. At the peak of the crisis, consults for palliative care increased four- to sevenfold at NewYork-Presbyterian (NYP), an academic health care system with 10 campuses throughout New York City. We share our challenges, solutions, and lessons learned to help peer institutions meet increased palliative care demands during future crises and address pre-existing palliative care subspecialist shortages during nonpandemic times. Methods: In response to the increased demand, palliative care physician and administrative leadership at NYP piloted multiple creative care models to expand access to palliative care outpatient and inpatient services. The care models included virtual outpatient management of existing patients, embedded palliative care staff, education for providers, multidisciplinary family support, hospice units (which allowed for family visitation), and team expansion through training other disciplines (primarily psychiatry) and deploying an ePalliative Care service (staffed by out-of-state volunteers). Conclusion: Our comprehensive response successfully expanded the palliative care team's reach, and, at the height of the pandemic, allowed our teams to meet the increased demand for palliative care consults. We learned that flexibility and adaptability were critical to responding to a rapidly evolving crisis. Physician and family feedback and preliminary data suggest that virtual outpatient visits, embedded staff, hospice units, and team expansion through training other disciplines and deploying ePalliative Care services were impactful interventions.

Background: Burnout during residency may be a function of intense professional demands and poor work/life balance. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, NYC hospital systems were quickly overwhelmed, and trainees were required to perform beyond the usual clinical duties with less supervision and limited education. Objective: The present longitudinal study examined the effects of COVID-19 caseload over time on burnout experienced by resident physicians and explored the effects of demographic characteristics and organizational and personal factors as predictors of burnout severity. Methods: This study employed a prospective design with repeated measurements from April 2020 to June 2020. Participants were surveyed about their well-being every 5 days. Predictors included caseload, sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, hospital support, perceived professional development, meaning in work, and postgraduate training level. Results: In total, 54 resident physicians were recruited, of whom 50% reported burnout on initial assessment. Periods of higher caseload were associated with higher burnout. PGY-3 residents reported more burnout initially but appeared to recover faster compared to PGY-1 residents. Examined individually, higher self-efficacy, professional development, meaningful work, and hospital support were associated with lower burnout. When all four predictors were entered simultaneously, only self-efficacy was associated with burnout. However, professional development, meaningful work, and hospital support were associated with self-efficacy. Conclusion: Burnout among residency is prevalent and may have implications for burnout during later stages of a physician’s career. Self-efficacy is associated with lower burnout and interventions to increase self-efficacy and the interpersonal factors that promote self-efficacy may improve physician physical and emotional well-being.

Study Design: Modified Delphi study. Objective: The objective of this study was to establish expert consensus on the application of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) by using the modified Delphi study. Methods: From June 2019 to March 2020, Members of the Chinese Study Group for Lateral Lumbar Spine Surgery were selected to collect expert feedback using the modified Delphi method where 65 spine surgeons from all over China agreed to participate. Four rounds were performed: 1 face-to-face meeting and 3 subsequent survey rounds. The consensus was achieved with ≥a 70.0% agreement for each question. The recommendation of grade A was defined as ≥90.0% of the agreement for each question. The recommendation of grade B was defined as 80.0-89.9% of the agreement for each question. The recommendation of grade C was defined as 70.0-79.9% of the agreement for each question. Results: A total of 65 experts formed a panelist group, and the number of questionnaires collected was 63, 59, and 62 in the 3 rounds. In total, 5 sections, 71 questions, and 382 items achieved consensus after the Delphi rounds including summary; preoperative evaluation; application at the lumbar spinal stenosis, lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spondylolisthesis, adult degenerative scoliosis, postoperative adjacent segmental degeneration, and revision surgery; complications; and postoperative follow-up evaluation of LLIF. Conclusion: The modified Delphi method was utilized to ascertain an expert consensus from the Chinese Study Group for Lateral Lumbar Spine Surgery to inform clinical decision-making in the application of LLIF. The salient grade A recommendations of the survey are enumerated.

Litter size is one of the most important reproductive traits of sheep, which has pronounced effects on the profit of husbandry enterprises and enthusiasm of breeders. Despite the importance of litter size, the underlying genetic mechanisms have not been entirely elucidated. Therefore, based on a high-density SNP chip, genome-wide comparative analysis was performed between two groups with different fecundity to reveal candidate genes linked to litter size via detection of homozygosity and selection signatures in Luzhong mutton sheep. Consequently, nine promising genes were identified from six runs of homozygosity islands, and functionally linked to reproduction (ACTL7A, ACTL7B, and ELP1), embryonic development (KLF5 and PIBF1), and cell cycle (DACH1, BORA, DIS3, and MZT1). A total of 128 genes were observed under selection, of which HECW1 and HTR1E were related to total lambs born, GABRG3, LRP1B, and MACROD2 to teat number, and AGBL1 to reproductive seasonality. Additionally, the presence of inbreeding depression implies the urgency of reasonable mating system to increase litter size in the present herd. These findings provide a comprehensive insight to the genetic makeup of litter size, and also contribute to implementation of marker-assisted selection in sheep.

We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed state, denoted as , in the process , based on collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of , 4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector. The is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark. A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate recoil-mass spectra, which are probed for a potential contribution from ( ). We find an excess of ( ) candidates with a significance of , after considering systematic uncertainties, at a mass of . As the data set is limited in size, the upper limits are evaluated at the 90% confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections ( ) and the branching fraction ( ) of , under different assumptions of the mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass energies. The upper limits of are found to be at the level of pb at each energy. Larger data samples are needed to confirm the state and clarify its nature in the coming years.

A multipurpose imaging x-ray crystal spectrometer is developed for the high energy density instrument of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser. The spectrometer is designed to measure x rays in the energy range of 4–10 keV, providing high-resolution, spatially resolved spectral measurements. A toroidally bent germanium (Ge) crystal is used, allowing x-ray diffraction from the crystal to image along a one-dimensional spatial profile while spectrally resolving along the other. A detailed geometrical analysis is performed to determine the curvature of the crystal. The theoretical performance of the spectrometer in various configurations is calculated by ray-tracing simulations. The key properties of the spectrometer, including the spectral and spatial resolution, are demonstrated experimentally on different platforms. Experimental results prove that this Ge spectrometer is a powerful tool for spatially resolved measurements of x-ray emission, scattering, or absorption spectra in high energy density physics.

Hydrophobic molecules may be toxic when present in excess. When dissolved in membranes, hydrophobic molecules disrupt membrane function. Studies on the effects of free fatty acids (FFA) on cultured cells contradict each other. Here we describe the effects of FFA on various human cells in culture. The addition of long-chain FFA (oleic, palmitic, linoleic, linolenic, etc.) to cultured cells led to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and muscle cells, initiation of autophagy, and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Although treated cells increase their oxygen consumption, metabolic shifts in favor of glycolysis were observed. All these effects were expressed to varying degrees in different cells and with the addition of different FFAs. The mechanisms of these FFA effects are discussed, as well their practical implications.

According to Jewish law/ethics, continuous life-sustaining therapy may not be withdrawn after its introduction, unless the patient has improved and no longer has a medical indication for the treatment. We report the case of an 88-year-old Orthodox Jewish patient, on invasive mechanical ventilation, with severe anoxic brain injury after multiple cardiac arrests. Although the patient's son informed the palliative care team that his father did not want to be in pain or to linger in a vegetative state when terminally ill, the mechanical ventilation was keeping him alive with a poor neurological prognosis. Additionally, the patient had previously stated his wish to observe Orthodox Jewish principles regarding end-of-life care. After extensive discussion, the family Rabbi clarified that it would be acceptable to withdraw mechanical ventilation if there were a “reasonable expectation” he would breathe on his own for a “reasonable amount of time.” Thus, if the patient's death were to occur, it would not be an immediate consequence the normal ventilator weaning process. Following intermediation by the hospital Rabbi, the definition of what would be a “reasonable expectation” and “reasonable amount of time” was established by the family Rabbi as “over 50%” and “on the order of hours,” respectively. Following pulmonary consultation, the patient underwent palliative extubation and, 12 hours after the procedure, died comfortably surrounded by the family. In conclusion, the collaborative and interdisciplinary work among the family Rabbi, hospital Rabbi, and the various medical teams allowed the development of a plan that met all of the patient's personal and religious wishes and beliefs.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition associated with chronic fibroinflammatory lesions that can affect nearly any organ. IgG4-related hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases are IgG4-RD involving the hepatobiliary and pancreatic system, which is characterized with elevated serum IgG4 concentrations, large numbers of IgG4 positive lymphoplasma cells infiltration in affected organs, storiform fibrosis, and imaging changes of organ morphology. Due to the lack of reliable biomarkers, histopathology is still an important basis for diagnosis. The pathogenesis of IgG4-related hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases has not been clarified. This review focuses on the recent advances in intestinal microecology-immunology, host genetics-immunity and recurrence monitoring of IgG4-related hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.免疫球蛋白（Ig）G4相关疾病是一种免疫介导的累及多个器官的慢性纤维炎性疾病。IgG4相关肝胆胰疾病是IgG4相关疾病在肝胆胰系统中的表现，以血清IgG4滴度升高、病变组织中大量IgG4阳性浆细胞浸润、组织纤维化、影像学器官形态改变等为主要特点，因缺乏可靠的生物标志物，组织病理学仍是诊断的重要依据。IgG4相关肝胆胰疾病发病机制尚未完全明确，现重点报道IgG4相关肝胆胰疾病近年来在肠道微生态-免疫学、宿主遗传-免疫及复发监测领域的进展。.

Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) mainly involves the aorta and its major branches, which is characterized as a chronic, progressive and inflammatory disease. China belongs to one of the regions with a high prevalence of TAK referring to its global distribution. However, it is insufficient for the spread and update of standardized diagnosis and treatment of TAK. Based on the evidence and guidelines from China and other countries, Chinese Rheumatology Association developed the standardized diagnosis and treatment of TAK in China. The purpose is to standardize the methods for diagnosis of TAK, assessment of disease activity and disease severity, strategies of internal treatment and timing of surgical intervention, and further leading to protect the function of important organs and improve the disease prognosis.大动脉炎（TAK）为累及主动脉及其主要分支的慢性进展性、非特异性大血管炎。我国为TAK高发地区，但其规范化诊疗的普及尚显不足。中华医学会风湿病学分会组织专家，在借鉴国内外诊治经验和指南的基础上，制定了本规范，旨在规范TAK的诊断、疾病活动度和疾病严重度的评估、内科治疗的合理制定及外科干预的时机选择，以保护TAK患者重要脏器功能，改善患者预后。.

罕见遗传病的诊断和治疗延误十分常见。筛查是快速诊断、发现新患者的重要手段，包括新生儿筛查、高危筛查以及家系筛查。通过家系筛查能够帮助罕见遗传病（如法布雷病）先证者家庭中的潜在患者尽早获得诊断，及时接受针对性治疗。本文以法布雷病为例，分别从家系筛查的意义、方法、所面临的困难和挑战出发，介绍目前我国法布雷病家系筛查的现状，并基于国外先进实践经验提出改善建议，旨在促进我国罕见遗传病家系筛查的推广和实施。.

A young male patient with abdominal pain and fever was diagnosed as acute hyper-triglyceridemicpancreatitis is clear. During the recovery of pancreatitis, the patient developed acute acalculous cholecystitis, as well as carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter infection and Cytomegaloviremia, and had anaphylaxis for several times after the use of antibiotics, which cannot be completely explained by drug allergy. This paper analyzes the possible causes of multiple diseases in the same patient in detail.本文报道1例以腹痛、发热起病的青年男性患者，临床诊断高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎明确。在胰腺炎恢复过程中，患者出现急性非结石性胆囊炎、耐碳青霉烯类抗生素的大肠杆菌感染及巨细胞病毒血症，并在使用抗生素后多次发生严重过敏反应，但亦不能完全以药物过敏解释。本文通过对同一患者中出现多种疾病的病程进行详细分析，分析相互之间的可能原因。.

With the aging process of population in the society, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in China is increasing continuously and the number of dental patients with CVD is increasing gradually too. Due to the lack of guidelines for dental patients with CVD in our country, how to implement standardized preoperative evaluation and perioperative risk prevention remains a problem to be solved for dentists at present. The present expert consensus was reached by combining the clinical experiences of the expert group of the Fifth General Dentistry Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association and respiratory and cardiology experts in diagnosis and treatment for CVD patients, and by systematically summarizing the relevant international guidelines and literature regarding the relationship between CVD and oral diseases and the diagnosis and treatment of dental patients with heart failure, hypertension and antithrombotic therapy. The consensus aims to provide, for the dental clinicians, the criteria on diagnosis and treatment of CVD in dental patients in China so as to reduce the risk and complications, and finally to improve the treatment levels of dental patients with CVD in China.随着社会老龄化进程，我国心血管疾病（cardiovascular diseases，CVD）患病率处于持续上升阶段，伴CVD的口腔患者逐渐增加。关于口腔医师应如何规范进行CVD患者的治疗前评估和围手术期风险防范，国内尚缺乏有针对性的指南和规范，是目前有待解决的问题。中华口腔医学会第五届全科口腔医学专业委员会专家组联合心内科领域专家组成共识专家组，根据当前国内诊治CVD患者的临床经验，结合国际相关指南及研究，从CVD与口腔疾病之间的关系，心力衰竭、高血压及抗血栓治疗患者口腔诊疗等方面进行系统性总结，形成专家共识，希望逐步实现CVD患者口腔诊疗的规范化与标准化，降低诊疗风险，减少并发症的发生，提高我国口腔医师对CVD患者的诊疗水平。.