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The article discusses the history and current practice of extemporaneous prayer in Christian worship. It highlights the permission for improvisation in eucharistic prayer, particularly among Protestant Christians. The author observes that many churches now rely on pre-scripted worship resources, which can lead to a lack of energy and engaged participation. The article raises concerns about the lack of training in liturgical presiding and the loss of the ability to shape liturgy to the social context and needs of congregations. The author emphasizes the importance of teaching and supporting presiders to craft liturgies and prayers themselves. [Extracted from the article]

It is a recognised fact that philosophy very often in an outgrowth of religion. It is particularly true of some of the prominent systems of Indian thought, such as Buddhism, Jainism, Vaisnavism, Säktism and Saivaism. Saivaism, as the very word indicates, is an outgrowth of the Religion, which recognised Śiva to be the highest God. This God is referred to in the Vedic passages by various names such as Sambhava, Mayobhava, Sankara, Mayaskara, Śiva and Rudra etc. This God, Siva, has been discovered to be the object of worship in the hoary past in India in the finds of Harappa and Mohenjodaro, which are recognised to be the earliest archaeological finds of this country. Saivaism is even now one of the great living religions. Some of the biggest religious monuments are dedicated to Śiva. Religion leads to philosophy, and philosophy that grows out of religion may still employ the words, commonly used in the religious literature, giving them new meanings and interpreting the religious myths and beliefs philosophically. as has been done by the two eminent systems of thought, Saivaism and Vaisnavism: or it may completely cut itself off from religion and become purely speculative, as has been done by rationalism in the West. Saivaism has not cut itself off from religion. In the Agamic literature, on which the Saiva Philosophy is based, there are generally four sections in each Agama, (I) Vidja (II) Kriya (III) Yoga and (IV) Carys. The first deals with the categories and other purely philosophical matters. The second is occupied with various forms of spiritual initiation and the soupsaying tune. And because the self-resilisation is not pomitile without Togs, thenfire, the third discumes different types of Tops. But the practice of Toga is not positie vithout maintaining the highest ethical standard The found, therefine, gives the rules of conduct. Saivaism is thus, not concerned with pure speculative thought. ameamed with pure speculative thought. It is a synthesis of religion, philosphy and ethics. If we take for instance, the vimarsini of Abhirnavagupta and the Bhaskari of Bhaskara kantha, we find that they assert the view that religion presents the same Ultimate Reality mythically as philosophy establishes rationally and Yoga reveals inmediately. As a concrete instance we may take the benedictory verse at the beginning of the Kriyadhikara, with which the presest volume begins. Here Abhinavagupta gives a popular and figurative presentation of the abstruse Saiva philosophical doctrine of Kriausakti. Here he uses the word Gauripati, which in the content of religon is used for the mythical God siva, as the husband of Gauri, and gives it philosophical meaning. This fact is clearly pointed out by Bhaskara in his commentary. It may be stated here by the way that the benedictory verse or verses, which Abhinava puts at the beginning of each chapter of his Vimarsini, are of grest importates in as much as therein he states the subject-matter of the chapter briefly, clearly and poetically. This practice is followed by Bhaskars also in his commentary. Theee ave popular and figurative presentatious of the abetruse philosophical doctrinse. In fact, if we study the iswara Pratyabhijna carefully, we find that it is concerned with nothing more than the philosophical presentation of the general religious conception of the God, as omaiscient and omnipotent, in the light of the monistic philosophy. For, the Mahesvara, with the exposition of the Saiva conception of which the work is concerned, is represented to be such in the very first verse of the work, 'Kartari jñātari' etc. The Saiva conception of omniscience and omnipotence of the Maheśvara is different from a verbally similar conception of the God of the Naiyayika. In the latter case the Iśvara is not free (Svatantra); because He depends upon the atoms for the creation of the world. Further, the Nyaya conception is based upon the pluralistic philosophy. But in the former case He is free and the conception is based upon the monistic philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yetişkinler için Türkiye’nin dinî kültürel yapısına uygun bir ibadet erteleme ölçeği geliştirmektir. Erteleme hem olumlu hem de olumsuz durumlar için kullanılan bir kavramdır. Bilimsel çalışmalarda genellikle kavramın olumsuz yönü öne çıkarılmakta; kişinin kontrolünde olan ve yapılması gereken bir işin gerektiği zamanda yapılmamasını ifade etmektedir. Erteleme oldukça yaygın bir durumdur ve bireyin hayatının her alanında ortaya çıkabilir. Bilişsel, duyuşsal ve davranışsal olmak üzere üç boyutu olan erteleme konusuyla ilgili ülkemizde ve dünyada birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar genel erteleme, akademik erteleme ve iş erteleme konularına ağırlık vermiştir. İbadet erteleme konusunda ise sınırlı sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili literatür incelendiğinde, ibadet ertelemeyle ilgili bir ölçek geliştirilmediği fark edilmiştir. İbadet erteleme ölçeği geliştirilmesinin hedeflendiği bu çalışmada, öncelikle konuyla ilgili literatür taranmış, 15 kişiyle derinlemesine mülakat yapılmış ve uzman görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Elde edilen bu veriler ile kişisel gözlem ve tecrübelerden de yararlanılarak ibadet erteleme ile ilgili bir kavram havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Bu kavram havuzundan yararlanılarak 49 maddelik taslak ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Bu aşamada ölçeğin kapsam geçerliliğini; yazım ve ölçme açısından uygunluğunu değerlendirmeleri için çeşitli uzmanların görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Uzman görüşleri çerçevesinde; 19 madde ölçekten çıkarılmış, 4 madde ölçeğe eklenmiş, ölçme değerlendirme, imla ve dilbilgisi açısından bazı maddeler revize edilmiştir. Bu işlemler sonucunda 34 maddeye düşen ölçek, evreni yansıtacak küçük bir örneklem grubuna anlaşılabilirlik ve doldurma süresinin tespiti amacıyla uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulama sonucunda her eğitim seviyesindeki kişinin, ölçeği 4-5 dakikalık bir zaman diliminde cevaplayabildiği görülmüş ve bir maddenin farklı şekilde anlaşıldığı tespit edilerek düzeltilmiştir. Uygulamaya hazır hâle gelen ölçek, örnekleme sunulmadan önce Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Etik Kuruluna başvurularak onay alınmıştır. İlk uygulama 24.04.2023 ile 11.05.2023 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiş ve ölçeği farklı demografik özelliklere sahip 400 kişinin uygun şekilde doldurduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler “R” programı üzerinde işlem yapmaya imkân veren Jamovi arayüzü ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin uygunluğu KMO measure of sampling adequacy ve Barlett’s test of sphericity teknikleriyle kontrol edildikten sonra açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve temel bileşenler analizi yapılmıştır. Ayırt edicilik değeri olarak 0,40 düzeyi belirlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda istenen ayırt ediciliğe sahip olmayan, birden fazla faktöre yakın oranda yük veren veya bir faktörün altında tek kalan maddeler çıkarılmıştır. Böylece 2 faktörlü 14 maddeden oluşan bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Bu iki faktörün, toplam varyansın %52,6’sını açıkladığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Daha sonra ölçek doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için aynı evrenden alınan farklı bir örnekleme tekrar uygulanmıştır. Bu uygulamada geçerli kabul edilen 399 ölçek üzerinden yapılan analizlerde verilerin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için uygun olduğu görülmüştür. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinden elde edilen sonuçlar, açımlayıcı faktör analizinin bulgularını desteklemiştir. Her bir faktör altında yer alan tüm maddelerin birbiriyle uyumlu olup olmadığını kontrol etmek amacıyla güvenirlik analizi yapılmıştır. Cronbach's alfa (0,902) ve McDonald's omega (0,907) yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı güvenirlik analizi, ölçeğin yüksek düzeyde güvenirliğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak mazeret bulma (8 madde) ve umursamama (6 madde) adı verilen iki boyuta sahip, geçerli, güvenilir ve kuramsal temeli güçlü bir ibadet erteleme ölçeği elde edilmiştir.

This article discusses the slavery system, which the jihadist organisation “Islamic State” has recently implemented in parts of Iraq and Syria. The ideological and religious basis for the jihadist organisation’s establishment of slavery can be found in the Salafist understanding of worship and monotheism. According to this understanding, the concept of slavery, which was originally formulated in the Sunni shari’a, is seen as eternally valid and also absolutely unchangeable, and its implementation is perceived as a religious act – as worship of Allah. The author of the article argues that the “Islamic State” in this case is conceptually acting within the theoretical framework of the Sunni legal tradition and, by materializing slavery, is making a replication and transfer of the centuries-old Sunni concept to the present day.

Local hymnals are cultural artifacts that express a community’s values, history, and identity and serve as vehicles for communal agency. This study investigates the role of local hymnals in shaping cultural identity and theological expression within four Indonesian Christian communities. Through interviews with church leaders, songwriters, and musicians, and an analysis of four hymnals from different communities in Indonesia, this study explores how these communities exercise agency in creating, perceiving, experiencing, and utilizing locally created songbooks. The research reveals that local hymnals are not only tools for shaping communal identity and transmitting theological understanding but also instruments through which communities assert their agency, fostering cultural dynamism. The study also considers the impact of colonialism and globalization on the development of local hymnody, highlighting how these communities have actively adapted and reinterpreted external influences to create unique and meaningful expressions of faith. The research concludes that local hymnals are not merely collections of songs but living artifacts embodying the agency of communities: the ongoing dialogue between tradition and innovation, faith and culture, and the individual and the community. By fostering autogenic cultural reflection and asserting communal agency, local hymnals fuel momentum and sustainability within a culture.

In this article, I show that women are depicted in the early Confucian texts not primarily as undertaking household duties or nurturing children but rather as partaking in rituals of mourning and ancestor worship. To make the argument, I analyze, besides the more philosophical texts like the Analects and the Mencius, texts known as the "Five Classics," which describe women in their social roles in much more detail than the former. What women's participation in rituals reveals, I contend, is that the domestic-political distinction does little to illuminate the philosophical vision offered by the early Confucian texts. Relatedly, while women's involvement in communal religious rituals has also been noted about early Greece, the political import of such participation is even more pronounced in the Confucian case. Specifically, I show that, by embodying intergenerational continuity, the mourning and ancestor rituals that women partake in are foundational to the Confucian state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the Qur'an is a pivotal act of worship in Islam, which necessitates a structured understanding of its verses to facilitate learning and referencing. Reflecting this complexity, each Quranic verse is rich with unique thematic elements and can be classified into a range of distinct categories. This study explores the enhancement of a multi-label classification model through the integration of FastText. Employing a CNN+Bi-LSTM architecture, the research undertakes the classification of Quranic translations across categories such as Tauhid, Ibadah, Akhlak, and Sejarah. Based on model evaluation using F1-Score, it shows significant differences between the CNN+Bi-LSTM model without FastText, with the highest result being 68.70% in the 80:20 testing configuration. Conversely, the CNN+Bi-LSTM+FastText model, combining embedding size and epoch parameters, achieves a result of 73.30% with an embedding size of 200, epoch of 100, and a 90:10 testing configuration. These findings underscore the significant impact of FastText on model optimization, with an enhancement margin of 4.6% over the base model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Korean wave phenomenon that is sweeping the world is slowly starting to have an economic impact, the presence of a music group consisting of young people with attractive appearances is the biggest driving factor causing the Korean wave phenomenon to spread, including the currently worldwide boyband BTS. This study aims to determine the role of brand attractiveness in impulse buying with celebrity worship as a mediating variable for purchasing official BTS merchandise in East Java. The sample in this study was 96 respondents with a sampling technique using purposive proportional random sampling with the criteria of consumers who bought BTS. BTS official merch fans commonly called ARMY fans who were in the East Java area and for private ownership. The results of this study indicate that brand attractiveness has a significant effect on impulse buying. Brand attractiveness has a significant effect on celebrity worship. Celebrity worship has a significant effect on impulse buying. Celebrity worship partially mediates brand attractiveness and impluse buying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hārītī is the first female deity in Buddhism that was credited with responsibility for protecting women during childbirth and protecting children. Since her introduction to China from India, her image has undergone multiple changes, and the rise and fall of her cult is closely related to the social culture around her reception. However, previous research on Hārītī has focused mainly on historiographical aspects, and little attention has been given to image evolution after her introduction into China. Therefore, this paper mainly utilizes iconographic methods to systematically review the characteristics of Hārītī's image in different periods and investigate the social causes and religious meanings behind her evolution. The study revealed that the image of Hārītī has experienced five development phases: Hellenization, Sinicization, demonization, confusion, and parasitization. The most fundamental reason for her rise in China was the strong demand for fertility among the people. The most important reasons for her decline in China include the deep-rooted negative popular view of her yaksha identity and the prevalence of images and stories of the child-giving Avalokitesvara, who replaced her core functions entirely. In this way, Hārītī worship underwent gradual marginalization in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central theme of the work is the study of the concept of spiritual worship, that is, of logiké latreía (Rm 12,1) in the writings of Joseph Ratzinger-Benedict XVI and St. Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer, with a comparative analysis of the positions of both authors. After an introductory exegetical-theological examination of logiké latreía, the study focuses on the presentation of the Greek concept in the texts of Joseph Ratzinger-Benedict XVI. For Ratzinger, it is the most appropriate term to explain the Eucharist as opus Dei and to point out the necessity of transforming the Christian's life into continuous adoration of God, to which he is called by baptism and participation in the Eucharist. In harmony with the German theologian's thought, Escrivá's writings are then analyzed, which show how rational worship is carried out. The saint uses the expressions «Deo omnis gloria», «sacrifice», «holocaust» and «service of God and of souls» to illustrate that spiritual worship takes place especially through sanctified work offered to God on the altar of the human heart. The final comparison of the two perspectives points to love as the foundation of authentic worship in the New Covenant and underlines the contribution of the saints' writings to systematic theological reflection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among numerous ancient monuments from Salona, there is also a very interesting relief with the image of Lares and inscription pro salute Valeriani. It was found before 1885, as spolia, on the righthand side of the courtyard door in the Plazibat house in Split. The first detailed analysis of the monument was carried out by Nenad Cambi, who thinks that it is a dedication for well-being of the Emperor Valerian, which is why imperial Lares, Lares Augusti are depicted. The worship of these small deities as family guardians and protectors was very important in the life of every Roman. The Emperor Augustus, as a restorer of the traditional Roman religion, in 7 BC endowed the existing gods of the crossroads shrines (Lares Compitales) with the additional epithet of his own name Augustus (Lares Augusti) and in this way connected them with the princeps, that is, with himself. Since then, it has been assumed that all Lares with the adjective Augusti become imperial. However, this was not exactly the rule, which is also shown by the revision of this monument, and this text presents new considerations that indicate that the Emperor Valerian is not mentioned here, but master Valerian, to whom his slave raises a dedication, and the said Lares, despite the epithet Augusti, are not imperial Lares, but Revered Lares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the mystagogical wealth that religious places of worship have, with the Basílica of the Sagrada Família in Barcelona being a magnificent paradigmatic example in this regard. The main purpose is to express the need to recover and update the use of holy places as current educational spaces. This thesis is established, in this third article, from a theological basis, after having presented in two previous articles the pedagogical and architectural perspectives that support that places of worship are extraordinary and unique spaces to generate and develop authentic educational experiences full of meaning and opportunities for education in the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to analyze an episode in the life of Ignatian cult objects that had been used to house churches and schools of the order in the River Plate territory. Our protagonists will be images and objects of worship that once had a special significance due to their centrality in composing the liturgy and their proximity to the sacred. Despite their heterogeneity, all these objects, made of rich metals, had formed a River Plate Jesuitical material culture that had exalted the identity of the order. From a perspective focused on material culture, we will analyze how, once the process of managing temporalities began, these objects traveled an unsuspected path that altered their biographies, their symbolic meanings, and their valuations as sacred goods. From then on, desacralized and defunctionalized, these pieces went through processes of embargoes, commodification and disputes over their possession until their subsequent disappearance. Recomposing these paths will allow us to demonstrate the importance that these objects had in composing worship and liturgy followed by historical processes that led to one of the largest looting and diasporas of artistic heritage in the 18th century within the framework of its growing desecration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose to address the continuities and transformations of the practices and circulation of art and cult objects that make up the patrimonial heritage of the church of San Ignacio in Buenos Aires during the first half of the 19th century-thus including the years after the expulsion of the Society of Jesus and its brief return to Río de la Plata during Juan Manuel de Rosas's government-. This process operates as a double movement, tending, on one hand, to desacralize the Church and, on the other, to restore its central place for Christian worship. The sources analysis shows that, before and after the return of the Order, San Ignacio occupied a central place within the frameworks of the city, as well as an area of power dispute. We also propose to delimit the specific role played by the then governor Rosas, as well as the Jesuit Superior, Mariano Berdugo, in the construction of this process. We also consider that this course allows us to demonstrate a broader picture in which religious images and practices take on an active and relevant place, in contrast to the way in which art historiography usually characterizes this period as desecrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The African Pentecostal pneumatological experiences and the hesitancy to engage with the “other-worldly” (earth-based/earthly) matters have contributed to the slow uptake to contribute to the ecological crisis. An intentional, comprehensive, practical approach is needed to alleviate the ecological crisis. For the ecological strategies to be effective, they should blend into the churchs spiritual life, such as worship. The starting point is to identify and amplify any ecological notions that the church uses consciously or unconsciously. This study uses qualitative data to explore how hymnal worship songs construct and dialogue ecotheological notions. It concludes that bringing ecology and theology together within the church worship liturgy is an appropriate strategy for churches to contribute to the ecological crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much discussion of 'negative theology' seems to assume that it is simply a policy of not making strong truth‐claims about God, even of refusing the positive content of revelation. This essay proposes a typology of negative theologies—grammatical, qualificatory, metaphysical and descriptive—looking at the various points from which negation may arise as an appropriate strategy for adequate or truthful speech about the divine, and seeks to locate these varieties within a spiritual and ecclesial practice, at the heart of which is a commitment to 'the acceptance of a future', the recognition of the unfinished nature of language. This is compared with the understanding of language presupposed in creative linguistic work, to suggest that negative theology is best understood not as the expression of a 'fear of closure' but as a kind of 'poetics' that seeks to do full justice to the act of worship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Byzantine author Agathias (sixth century CE) states that the Alamanni are not yet Christians but venerate nature instead. In scholarship, this passage is used as evidence of 'nature worship' in the late paganism of this Germanic tribe. However, in-depth analysis suggests a more nuanced picture. On the one hand, nature worship is a classical topos for the religion of barbaric peoples. On the other hand, archaeological and other textual sources give the impression that the Alamanni of Agathias' day may already have been partially Christianized and might, in fact, have been in a phase of syncretism leaning toward Christianity rather than being 'staunchly heathen', as they are often portrayed. Agathias' claim of a pagan Alamannic nature worship therefore should be seen as a stereotypical projection by this Byzantine author rather than a reflection of genuine Alamannic religious attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines the influence of the United States on Korean liturgy and worship, particularly within the context of Korean Protestant churches. It discusses how US Protestant churches have shaped the practices, piety, and theology of Korean churches, resulting in a lack of indigenous Korean elements in worship. The essay also explores the emergence of a movement in Korea that seeks to incorporate Korean cultural elements into worship. The text highlights the ongoing debate within Korean churches regarding the incorporation of Western worship styles and indigenous elements, which is not only theological and cultural but also political. The author emphasizes the need for a postcolonial reflection to understand the power dynamics and cultural hybridity at play, and calls for a Korean worship that reflects the piety and identity of Korean worshipers. [Extracted from the article]

This essay explores the theme of justice in Christian worship and preaching, emphasizing the global realities of violence and systemic oppression. The author argues for a rule of justice (lex iustitiae) that should inform worship and belief, drawing on womanist theology and other liberation perspectives. The essay critiques the traditional phrase "lex orandi, lex credendi" for its insufficient ethical framework and discusses the interplay between prayer, worship, belief, and justice. It highlights the importance of justice-centered worship and preaching, the "liturgical turn" towards a focus on the body, subjugated bodies, non-dominant knowledge, and liberation, and the need to center the experiences and practices of minoritized persons and communities. The text concludes by urging Christians to consider how the pursuit of justice can enrich and reform their prayer and beliefs. [Extracted from the article]

This document examines the influence of US liturgical practices on worship practices in Trinidad, with a specific focus on the metaphorical impact of earthquakes. The author explores the historical context of colonization in Trinidad and its influence on the liturgies and worship practices of mainline denominations. They also discuss the emergence of a "US liturgical fault line," which has led to changes in worship styles and the incorporation of cultural expressions like the steel pan. Interviews with worship leaders reveal both positive and negative effects of US worship practices, particularly in relation to social media and technology. Some interviewees view these influences as beneficial, providing opportunities for the church to thrive during the COVID pandemic, while others see them as encroachments on traditional worship practices. Concerns are raised about the compromise of pastoral roles, the prevalence of prosperity gospel teachings, the lack of substance in worship songs, and the dilution of Trinidadian culture. The author suggests that the US influence may serve as a catalyst for decolonization and the development of a truly decolonized nation. [Extracted from the article]

The idea of the heart-orientation dimension of worldview has been in the literature for over two decades but it lacks the conceptual refinement of the propositional and behavioral dimensions. The authors argue for distinct parameters within the heart-orientation dimension of a worldview which currently do not exist in the literature. A conceptual research methodology identified the parameters within this dimension across three major worldviews. The data produced four parameters providing a further view into the heart-orientation dimension of worldview: worship, embodiment, symbols, and rituals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theological analysis of the most popular worship song lyrics reflects that American Christians may be singing the American work ethic to the God who rested. Employing Brueggeman's Sabbath as Resistance and Heschel's The Sabbath alongside current discussions in evangelical liturgical studies, this article seeks to answer the following: 1) do the current most utilized congregational songs in America reveal a God who rests, and 2) what lyrical or musical possibilities exist to embody a theology of Sabbath rest. This analysis highlights liturgical and theological dissonance, while exploring musical and lyrical models that display a God who rests in an overworked culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the role of icons in Byzantine worship and the debates surrounding their use during the eighth and ninth centuries. Christian theologians examined theories of perception and vision, drawing on ancient Greek optics to understand sight, touch, and imagination. Iconophile writers argued for the use of icons in worship without idolatry, while iconoclasts denounced the painting of any image of Christ's divine nature. The article also explores the influence of medical and philosophical theories of perception during this period. The study by Roland Betancourt provides a comprehensive analysis of these topics, drawing on a wide range of sources and offering translations of Greek quotations. [Extracted from the article]

Using a religious studies methodology, this paper offers a detailed contextual mapping and a structural configuration of how collective violence is justified in Orthodox Christianity. The research design is explanatory, whereby the functional perspectives of doctrine, ethics and worship are all investigated and probed as phenomena of lived religion and orthopraxy. While predominantly initiatory and pedagogical, the paper also proposes a systematic platform for advanced research on this subject, by flagging contexts, themes and areas of inquiry that a researcher might examine in order to untangle the inner workings of the justification of violence in the mind of the Orthodox. Given the ongoing Russian War on Ukraine, relevant samples are drawn from this case. Contribution: This paper outlines the Orthodox Christian justification of violence from the perspectives of doctrine, ethics and ritual and identifies pivotal areas of ambiguity between orthodoxy and orthopraxy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, some of the provisions put forward regarding the istikhara prayer, which is generally included in the section of worship of Islamic law and sometimes examined under a separate title by the fuqaha, were discussed using qualitative research and inference methods. In some narrations about the Istikhara prayer, it has been seen that the Prophet recommended the said prayer to the Companions - although he did not perform it himself. Therefore, the legitimacy of the istikhara prayer is based on the sunnah within the religious evidence. Although there is no contradiction regarding its legitimacy, it has been determined that some of the narrated texts regarding the Istikhara prayer have been subjected to criticism, and some concepts in the relevant texts are open to interpretation. These and similar issues have led to the emergence of some fiqh issues, such as the number of rakats of the istikhara prayer, where to recite the istikhara prayer, which works it can be applied to, and whether it can be performed at times that are considered makruh. This situation has led to the emergence of various notable views and ideas within the doctrine. Therefore, in this study, the opinions of the mujtahids regarding the istikhara prayer and some jurisprudential issues related to it are presented together with their arguments as much as possible; The narrations related to the issues were analyzed in terms of carh and tadil, and the issues were tried to be examined in integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author of this article explores whether there should be a space for silence in the worship of God in believers’ lives, church services and the part of the service in which God is praised with songs. To carry out the study, the author compared worship services of two churches in Zagreb – the Evangelical Pentecostal Church “Rock of Salvation” and the Church of Christ (on Kušlanova Street). The author analyzed the presence and role of silence, considering the non-use of musical instruments in the Church of Christ and concluded that the “empty” space in the church service between individual smaller parts is used in various ways. The author presented different definitions of silence or quietness, which nowadays for many no longer means absolute silence, by putting in dialogue the interviews with the pastors of the mentioned churches – Ratko Medan and Mislav Ilić – and the reflections of theologians and experts in the field of Christian services. The same problem is also put against the backdrop of modern times that are both unfamiliar and uncomfortable with silence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In its rationalization of the commandments, Otsar haḤayim , by Yitṣḥak Ayzik Yehuda Yeḥiel Safrin of Komarno, integrates Talmudic, halakhic, kabbalistic, and Hasidic traditions. Safrin's theurgic system expands Lurianic traditions to include a multidimensional interiorized practice that can be traced to the Baal Shem Tov (the Besht), the legendary founder of Hasidism. This article argue that Safrin's interiorization went hand in hand with stipulating a strict adherence to practical fulfillment of halakhic norms. Furthermore, in his writings, Safrin upheld all the dominant, traditional models regarding the kabbalistic efficacy of the commandments – theurgic, magical, and ecstatic – expanding them (not replacing them) to include not only their practical performance but also a variety of interiorized practices. Additionally, each of these performances encompasses a moralistic aspect – repairing sin, transgression, and encouraging a person to strive for self-perfection in divine worship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new period began with the adoption, acceptance and spread of Islam by the Turks, which significantly overlapped with the old Turkish beliefs. With the Islamization movement that officially started during the Karakhanids State, the first Muslim Turkish state, the first works of Islamic Turkish Literature began to be given. The first and most comprehensive of these is Kutadgu Bilig. Kutadgu Bilig, written by Yusuf Has Hacip, was presented to Tavgaç Buğra Khan and attracted great attention. The value of this religious work, written in Karakhanid Turkish, has survived among Turks until today. The new religion brought with it many innovations in life, culture, literature, language, belief, worship and alphabet, and this was reflected in the works of the period. Some of the words related to belief and worship in the work are used in Anatolian dialects today. In this study, the images of some words related to the concept of belief and worship used in Kutadgu Bilig in the dialects of Turkish dialects of Turkey were investigated. It is analyzed whether the words in the work are included in the Turkish Folk Dialect Compilation Dictionary, and if so, their derivations, structures, sound and meaning changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While many scholars insist that liturgical theology emerges from the vital plurality of a diversity of people who worship God together, much writing about Christian worship is animated by the "normate," an elusive universal human that does not actually exist but for whom Christian liturgical ideals are conjured. In this article, I describe temptation by this figure that I experience in my own teaching and writing, a seduction that occurs even within a profound conversion to the vital importance of human difference in worship. I then suggest reflexive ethnographic fieldwork as a way of summoning "the holy many," disclosing and turning from the normate, and practicing anti-ableism in both worship and liturgical writing. I offer ethnographic teaching and writing as a resource for shaping a pluralistic and liberatory imagination in liturgical studies and argue that recursive practices of seeking out the presence of the many in fieldwork, in writing, and in teaching ethnographic methods are necessary for disclosing the normate and for continuous conversion to the many. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Music is an essential part of human life, but it is also integral to the experience of faith. From its beginnings, music has been associated with religious expression and worship. One of the oldest Christian hymns is the hymn "Gloria in excelsis Deo"-"Glory to God in the highest", which was originally a component of morning and evening prayer. Later, it became part of the Holy Mass and is still sung during the celebration of the Eucharist on Sundays and feast days. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive view of this precious hymn in terms of its historical use. The study pays special attention to the sources of the text of this ancient hymn. A theological analysis of the text is also an indispensable prerequisite for a deeper understanding. Finally, the study offers up-to-date guidelines for the hymn's use today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Legislation was a component that characterized the link between civic and religious authority throughout the Archaic period to the early Roman Empire. Legislation is much celebrated in the respective philosophical cultures of Plutarch and Porphyry: in the former, the image of the ideal ruler reflects the notion of a philosopherking, while in the latter, it was attached with significance to life lived under the divine law of the Intellect of Kronos. This article will demonstrate how Plutarch and Porphyry jointly acknowledge the legislator’s legendary image as more than mediating between hostile factions of the citizen body and regulating divine worship and ritual praxis, often on the basis of his political expertise and divine ancestry by casting it in a fresh mold. In doing so, Plutarch and Porphyry together claim that the legislator’s legendary image plays a decisivly corrective role in ancient society by way of introducing the non-violation of animal life for food and sacrifice. This corrective role will be discussed as being pivotal for the intellectual pursuit of the priestly community and philosophers in selected dialogues in Plutarch’s Moralia and Porphyry’s De Abstinentia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ruggiano is a small village in southern Puglia. There stands a sanctuary dedicated to Santa Marina nowadays the center of a fervent worship by local population. The saint, whose iconography and hagiography still seem to be uncertain, was invoked, in particular, against the so-called "mal d'arco", a pathological condition causing jaundice and other diseases that cause a change in skin color. The essay will analyze the healing rite from this illness in the context of the worship of Santa Marina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the cult of Serapis in the Decapolis during the Roman period, specifically emphasizing the widespread veneration and worship dedicated to this deity. Notably, the cult of Serapis in the Decapolis demonstrated an intriguing syncretistic tendency, as the god was often amalgamated with Zeus-Helios-Megas, and potentially Hades/Pluto in some cities of the Decapolis. The syncretistic nature of the cult of Serapis, exemplified by its fusion with other prominent deities, offers a unique lens through which to understand the complex dynamics of religious syncretism during the Roman period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to discuss the areal extent and spatial structure of neighborhood, called tol, which possibly demarcate urban tissue with respect to worship of the deity and funerary acts. Bhaktapur is known as one of the historical cities of the World Heritage Site in Kathmandu Valley. The analysis firstly focuses on the dwelling distributions that have the common votary area of the guardian deities' temples/shrines and the use of the same crossing for funerary acts. Then, the authors compare those dwelling distribution with the areal extent of tols to find out how tol boundaries were formed. This result will be a precondition to conduct further examination on historical urban formation in the coming paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared to other religious systems rooted in Late Antiquity, Islam placed greater emphasis on the transcendent, assigning less value to physical forms per se. This article seeks to explore conceptions relating to what made a place 'holy' in early Islamic places of worship, delving into understanding the significance of sacred spaces in Islam, and dissecting the procedures and beliefs instrumental in the consecration of such locations. The primary focus rests on mosques, which were deemed the pinnacle of sacred spaces during the nascent Islamic period. This discourse deliberately omits discussion on Islamic funerary structures, which emerged in the classical form later in the third/ninth century. Instead, it analyzes the cases of the Ka’ba in Mecca and the Prophet’s mosque in Medina. The former serves as an exemplar of Islamized sanctuaries, whereas the latter epitomizes the prevalent archetype of sacred spaces in early Islam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this article I examine the presence of the toponym Yaʿqobʾel within its geographical context in the topographical lists of Thutmose III, Ramesses II, and Ramesses III. Historically, Yaʿqobʾel and the toponyms clustered with it are located by scholars in Syria. However, it is possible that Yaʿqobʾel within Thutmose III's list is found to the south of Moab. The topographical lists of Ramesses II and Ramesses III mention place names that might be linked to Yaʿqobʾel, and should be located in southern Transjordan, where the Edomite deity Qaus was worshiped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fasting is a mandatory worship that must be carried out in the month of Ramadan, but this is not for children who have not reached the age of puberty. Children's worship is the responsibility of every parent, whether or not children are able to carry out worship is a big task for parents in educating children. This study aims to determine the role of parents in the habit of fasting Ramadan in children. This research is a qualitative research through interviews and analyzed descriptively. This research was conducted on 4 parents who had children aged 5-8 years in Babakan Gadog Village, Kujangjaya Village. Results. of this study indicate that, the role of parents in the process of fasting habituation in early childhood is carried out by supervising, guiding and giving examples to children, by fasting children will be more healthy, increase worship and patience in children. The game environment affects children in fasting, so that in the process of getting used to fasting, parents must supervise children while playing so they are not influenced by friends who do not observe fasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hajj queue in Indonesia, which extends up to 25 years, necessitates clear and effective policies to mitigate this issue. One such policy is encapsulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia No. 29/2015, which amends the earlier Regulation No. 14/2012 on the Implementation of Regular Hajj. This regulation prohibits individuals who have already performed the Hajj pilgrimage from re-registering for a period of 10 years. This research employs the Ushul Fiqh approach. Data were collected by reviewing and analyzing pertinent literature, including documents and regulations of the Minister of Religious Affairs, as well as several ushul fiqh books and other relevant sources. The study aims to examine the restriction as a means to prevent potential unrest in the community, in line with the concept of sadd al-dzari’ah. This restriction is intended to benefit those who have not yet performed Hajj and to safeguard the rights of others to undertake this worship, adhering to the principle of tasharruf al-imam ala al-ra’iyah manuth bi al-maslahah. The implementation of this policy is expected to exchange the efficiency and effectiveness of Hajj pilgrimage management and reduce public unrest. Therefore, it is crucial that this policy is executed clearly and effectively to maximize its benefits for the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurisprudence Faculty Journal / Magallaẗ Kulliyyaẗ Al-fiqh is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)