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The purpose of this study was to validate water content measurements and to determine the T2 distribution in lung on a 1.5 T clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. A single-slice 16 echo pulse sequence with an echo spacing of 10 msec was employed to scan 19 healthy juvenile pig lungs. The in vitro water content of each lung was measured using MRI techniques and compared with gravimetric measurements. The mean difference between the gravimetric and MRI water contents was −4.1 ± 7.6% , and an excellent linear correlation (R² = 0.98) was observed between the two independent measurements. The dependence of the geometric mean T2 time upon lung water density exhibited two distinct regions (inflated and deflated) separated by a threshold density of about 0.4 g/mL. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;9:699–703. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

The purpose of this study was to validate water content measurements and to determine the T2distribution in lung on a 1.5 T clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. A single‐slice 16 echo pulse sequence with an echo spacing of 10 msec was employed to scan 19 healthy juvenile pig lungs. The in vitro water content of each lung was measured using MRI techniques and compared with gravimetric measurements. The mean difference between the gravimetric and MRI water contents was −4.1 ± 7.6% , and an excellent linear correlation (R2= 0.98) was observed between the two independent measurements. The dependence of the geometric mean T2time upon lung water density exhibited two distinct regions (inflated and deflated) separated by a threshold density of about 0.4 g/mL. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;9:699–703. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

We report the prevalence of diabetes in a population sample of 10 083 persons who were aged 25 to 64 years in eight city centres. One hundred and sixty‐nine persons were known to have diabetes and 48 persons were newly‐discovered to have diabetes on the basis of fasting hyper‐glycaemia (plasma glucose level, equal to or greater than 7.8 mmol/L). Type‐1 diabetes was identified by clinical criteria and accounted for 19% of cases of known diabetes, but this proportion ranged from 67% of persons with known diabetes in the age‐group of 25‐29 years, to between 9% and 15% in the age‐groups of persons who were 50 years of age and over. For both known and newly‐discovered cases, persons with type‐2 diabetes showed a significant male preponderance, which suggests that an environmental factor is operating preferentially on male subjects to cause this form of diabetes. The results of the present study, when taken with those of other recent prevalence studies, enable an approximate estimate of numbers of persons with diabetes in Australia. Approximately 250 000 persons have diagnosed diabetes, of whom 40 000 persons have type‐1 diabetes, including 7000 persons who are less than 25 years of age. The number of persons with undiagnosed diabetes who could be identified on the basis of fasting hyperglycaemia is estimated to be 75 000; an additional 150 000 persons would be diagnosed to have diabetes if they were to undergo glucose tolerance tests. This study gave prevalence rates for known diabetes in Australia in 1984 of 1.6% at all ages and 2.4% for adults who were 21 years of age and older; additionally, the estimated prevalence rates for undiagnosed diabetes were 1.4% for all ages and 2.2% for adults.

A new class of photochromic compounds called isofulgimides is described and their photochromic and chemical transformations discussed. Their potential in commercialization of these photochromes is also indicated.

The structures of Ni(C≡CR)(PPh3)(η-C5H5) (R = Ph (1), C6H4-4-NO2(2), 4-C6H4C6H4-4′-NO2(3), (E)-4-C6H4CH=CHC6H4-4′-NO2(4), 4-C6H4C≡CC6H4-4′-NO2(5), 4-C6H4N=CHC6H4-4′-NO2(6)) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, refining by full-matrix least-squares analysis. For (1), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a10·094(2), b13·429(3), c18·835(5) Å,α 103·24(2), β 91·50(2), γ 90·10(2)°, Z4, 5844 unique reflections (595 parameters), converging at R0·033 and Rw0·024. For (2), crystals are orthorhombic, space group Pna21, with a16·799(2), b8·681(2), c17·485(2) Å, Z4, 1774 unique reflections (325 parameters), converging at R0·031 and Rw0·029. For (3), crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a11·140(3), b18·282(4), c15·296(2) Å, β 105·18(2)°, Z4, 3132 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R0·039 and Rw0·024. For (4), crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a12·929(7), b16·953(8), c15·601(7) Å, β 112·55(3), Z4, 3023 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R0·039 and Rw0·025. For (5), crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a12·710(5), b16·882(3), c15·693(4) Å, β 111·37(3)°, Z4, 3216 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R0·035 and Rw0·030. For (6), crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a12·594(1), b16·936(2), c15·611(1) Å, β 112·476(5)°, Z4, 3564 unique reflections (397 parameters), converging at R0·038 and Rw0·041. For structurally characterized 18-electron (cyclopentadienyl)nickel(II) acetylide complexes, statistically insignificant decreases in the average Ni-C(1) distance and trans influence and an increase in the average C(1)-C(2) parameter are observed on introduction of an acceptor substituent at the alkynyl ligand.

Large systems of equations arise during the analysis of one-dimensional and two-dimensional relaxation experiments. Practical solutions for least-squares relaxation components may be derived from a reduced number of averaged equations and differ little from solutions derived from the entire system. Size reductions of one or two orders of magnitude are possible. These methods are applied to synthetic data as well as a joint T1and T2data set from a sample of fully hydrated Western Red Cedar.

Using a 32‐echo imaging pulse sequence, T2relaxation decay curves were acquired from five white‐ and six gray‐matter brain structures outlined in 12 normal volunteers. The water contents of white and gray matter were 0.71 (0.01) and 0.83 (0.03) g/ml, respectively. All white‐matter structures had significantly higher myelin water percentages (signal percentage with T2between 10 and 50 ms) than all gray‐matter structures. The range in geometric mean T2of the main peak for both white and gray matter was from 70 to 86 ms. T2distributions from the posterior internal capsules and splenium of the corpus callosum were significantly wider (width is related to water environment inhomogeneity) than those from any other white‐ or gray‐matter structures. Thus, quantitative measurement and analysis of T2relaxation reveals differences in brain tissue water environments not discernible on conventional MR images. These differences may make short T2components reliable markers for normal myelin.

ABSTRACT The prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in the age group zero to 14 years in Western Australia were determined from a survey by means of Schools Health Services. Additional information from the State's computer‐linked hospital records system, the State's only children's hospital, diabetic clinics and physicians enabled virtually complete ascertainment of cases of childhood diabetes. Only 60% of school‐age diabetic children were known to school nurses before the survey, but the nurses were able to identify two‐thirds of the remainder during the survey. Among non‐Aboriginal children, the prevalence of diabetes in the age group zero to 14 years was 0.59 per 1000 children and the incidence was 12.3 per 100 000 children per year. These rates are somewhat lower than those that have been reported from the United Kingdom and North America, and substantially lower than the rates that were reported from Scandinavia. All but one of the diabetic children who were identified required insulin and were assumed to be insulin‐dependent. An excess of boys was found. None of 8715 Aboriginal or part‐Aboriginal children had insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, which indicates that this racial group has a low prevalence of this condition. In case‐control studies, which used questionnaires for parents, no significant trends were found in relation to the history of immunizations or of specific viral illnesses except for a past history of varicella which was less frequent in diabetic children. A past history of established breast‐feeding (of more than one week) was less frequent in diabetic children, as was the ingestion of vitamin C supplements before the onset of diabetes. Some evidence for a seasonality of onset was obtained. The diabetic children were absent from school for more days and had more admissions to hospital than did non‐diabetic children. The majority of diabetic children were prescribed insulin twice a day or more often (84%); performed home blood‐glucose monitoring (74%); and attended hospital diabetic clinics (91%).(Med J Aust 1988; 148: 117–123)

When applying minimally invasive techniques (MIO, Minimally Invasive Osteosynthesis) to the fixation of the distal femur, the surgeon has access to a limited number of anatomical landmarks: namely the articular surface of the distal femur and a small portion of the distal lateral femoral cortex. A detailed knowledge of the local anatomy facilitates the techniques and prevents complications. Using Kirschner wires placed set positions in the distal femur, we analyzed the measurements obtained from the 3D reconstructed helical CT scans of 33 embalmed femora and we report on the anatomy of the distal femur as it relates to supracondylar fracture fixation.

The series of complexes Au(C&tbd1;CR)(PPh3) (R = Ph (2), 4-C6H4NO2 (3), 4,4‘-C6H4C6H4NO2 (4), (E)-4,4‘-C6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 (5), (Z)-4,4‘-C6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 (6), 4,4‘-C6H4C&tbd1;CC6H4NO2 (7), 4,4‘-C6H4N&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 (8)) have been synthesized by reaction of AuCl(PPh3) with the corresponding acetylene and methoxide, and complexes 3−8 have been structurally characterized. The molecular first hyperpolarizabilities for the complexes have been determined by hyper-Rayleigh scattering at 1064 nm. Introduction of the nitro substituent (in proceeding from 2 to 3) leads to a significant increase in nonlinearity. Experimental β values increase as 3 < 4 < 6 ≈ 7 < 8 < 5 consistent with nonlinearity increasing with (i) chain lengthening, (ii) replacing biphenyl (4) or yne linkage (7) by ene linkage (5), (iii) replacing (Z)-ene stereochemistry (6) with (E)-ene stereochemistry (5), and (iv) ene linkage (5) being more efficient than imino linkage (8). The same trend is observed with two-level-corrected data. A linear correlation of both experimentally-determined and two-level-corrected nonlinearities of the acetylides with precursor acetylenes is observed.

A diffusion model for spin-spin relaxation of compartmentalized water with a surface relaxation was verified for lumen water in wood. Spin-spin relaxation measurements were carried out on water in redwood sapwood, spruce sapwood, and spruce compression-wood samples, which possessed different cell-lumen radius distributions as measured by scanning electron microscopy. For the redwood sample, NMR measurements were made for seven temperatures between 4 and 55°C over which the average lumen-water T₂ decreased from 177 to 103 ms. The lumen-water theory and experiment were in agreement, and evidence of higher-order relaxation modes, theoretically predicted for low temperatures, was found. This model was extended to two water regions to characterize the surface relaxation in terms of the spin-spin relaxation and diffusion coefficient of the cell-wall water and the partition coefficient. Using the extension and measurements of the spin-spin relaxation times and relative populations of lumen and cell-wall-water, estimates for cell-wall-water diffusion in a maximally hydrated redwood varied from 0.92 × 10−6 cm2/s at 4°C to 5.89 × 10−6 cm2/s at 55°C. The activation energy for cell-wall-water diffusion in redwood sap-wood in this temperature range was 6700 cal/mol, about 40% higher than the free-water value of 4767 cal/mol.Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press

The structures of Au(4-C≡CC6H4XYC6H4-4′-NO2)(PPh3) (XY= (E)-CH=CH (1), (Z)-CH=CH (2), C≡C (3), N=CH (4)) have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, refining by full-matrix least-squares analysis. For (1), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a8·847(1), b17·870(4), c19·705(3) Å, α116·25(1), β 93·33(1), γ 92·64(2)˚, Z4, 6747 unique reflections (703 parameters), converging at R0·025 and Rw0·029. For (2), crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/a, with a10·718(6), b19·398(5), c14·469(3) Å, β 108·96(2)˚, Z4, 3295 unique reflections (352 parameters), converging atR0·040 and Rw0·034. For (3), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a10·671(4), b17·599(7), c18·220(8) Å, α 116·31(3), β 105·00(4), γ 95·08(4)˚, Z4, 4828 unique reflections (703 parameters), converging at R0·043 and Rw0·030. For (4), crystals are triclinic, space group P-1, with a8·8314(6), b17·834(2), c20·001(2) Å, α 115·249(7), β 90·930(7), γ 94·082(7)˚, Z4, 4724 unique reflections (703 parameters), converging at R0·035 and Rw0·034. Despite the [ligated metal donor]-bridge-[nitro acceptor] composition of these complexes, Au–C and C≡C distances are normal and consistent with minimal allenylidene contribution to the ground-state geometry. Within the 3σ confidence limits, the structural data do not provide evidence for π*-back-bonding in these complexes

AbstractRobert S. Hatten, Musical Meaning in Beethoven: Markedness, Correlation, and Interpretation. Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 1994. xviii + 350 pp. ISBN 0 253 32742 3

The aim of this study was to develop a magnetic resonance (MR) sequence capable of measuring water content and the gravity-dependent gradient in lung density in normal lung. First, the MR signal from excised normal pig lung was characterized using a 2.1 T nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer. A multiecho sequence was then developed on a 0.15 T Picker MR scanner. This sequence was validated in excised normal pig lung by comparison with gravimetric lung water content. Finally, this sequence was used in five normal volunteers in the prone and supine positions during quiet breathing and in the supine position at total lung capacity (TLC). The ratio of lung water measured by MR and gravimetric techniques was 0.95 ± 0.03. There was no significant difference in average lung density in the prone (0.21 ± 0.03 g/ml) and in the supine (0.20 ± 0.03 g/ml) positions. Lung density decreased at TLC (0.12 ± 0.01 g/ml) (p < 0.01). Gradients in lung density were visible in all prone and supine scans at functional residual capacity (FRC), and on average the gradients were decreased by 90 at TLC. The average estimated pleural pressure gradient in the prone position was 0.13 ± 0.08 cm H2O/cm lung and in the supine position was 0.38 ± 0.23 cm H2O/cm lung. MRI allows measurement of lung water content and pleural pressure gradient.

Mortality rates from heart disease and stroke in Australia have been falling for more than 20 years. No completely satisfactory explanations for this trend exist However, it is believed to be due, at least in part, to changes in the incidence of cardiovascular disease arising from changes in the prevalence and severity of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The adult community of Busselton in Western Australia participated in cross‐sectional health surveys every three years from 1966 to 1981. This paper describes secular trends from 1966 to 1981 and age trends from 25 to 80 years for cardiovascular risk factors in Busselton men and women. Downwards secular trends were observed for mean blood pressure and smoking for men and women, upwards trends were observed for body mass index in men, and mean cholesterol was approximately constant over this period. The age and secular trends were consistent with other Australian studies conducted in the 1980s and with overseas studies. An estimated 67 per cent of the decline in cardiovascular mortality rates among Busselton men and 22 per cent of the decline among Busselton women may be attributed to changes in the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of self‐reported diabetes in a representative population sample in Australia; to identify major differences in prevalence by State and Territory and by geographic origin; and to compare trends in prevalence over time. Design and setting: Analysis of data collected by the Australian Bureau of Statistics in the 1989‐90 National Health Survey. The sampling frame (22 202 households and 54241 people) ensured adequate representation from each State and Territory in Australia. Results: Prevalences of self‐reported diabetes/high blood sugar levels were 1.9% for males and 2.0% for females over all ages; 3.1% for men and 2.9% for women aged over 25 years; and 8.1% for men and 6.9% for women aged over 65 years. Interstate differences of borderline significance were found and will require validation in larger samples. Age‐standardised prevalences were higher in subjects born in Southern Europe and lower in those born in Western Europe compared with Australian‐born subjects. Prevalences were high in households where the language spoken was other than English. The frequency of self‐reported diabetes appears to be rising. Conclusion: Australia has comparatively low total prevalences of selfreported diabetes/high blood sugar levels. High prevalence subsections exist, including the elderly and certain migrant groups.

Magnetization transfer and T2relaxation data were obtained for five white and six gray matter brain structures from 10 normal volunteers and 9 multiple sclerosis patients. Thirty MS lesions were also anatyzed. Magnetization transfer ratios and myelin water percentages were compared. Both techniques showed a significant difference between the average of white and gray matter of the normal volunteers as well as the average of nor mal‐appearing white matter and gray matter of the multiple sclerosis patients. The average magnetization transfer ratio and myelin water percentage for lesions were significantly lower than those of normal‐appearing white matter. Myelin water per centages and magnetization transfer ratios were uncorrelated in white and gray matter but showed a small (R= 0.5, P= 0.005) but significant correlation in multiple sclerosis lesions. In sum mary, the myelin water percentage and the magnetization trans fer ratio provide quantifiable but largely independent measures of multiple sclerosis lesion pathology.

Provides an understanding of the importance of journals in industry and of the types of measures there taken to ensure value for money and a high quality service, and outlines some ways in which publishers can serve industrial users better by recognizing the need for high–quality services, speedy and reliable delivery, and flexibility of service.

The complexes Ni(C&tbd1;CR)(PPh3)(η-C5H5) (R = 4-C6H4NO2 (3), 4,4‘-C6H4C6H4NO2 (4), (E)-4,4‘-C6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 (5), (Z)-4,4‘-C6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 (6), 4,4‘-C6H4C&tbd1;CC6H4NO2 (7), 4,4‘-C6H4N&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 (8)) have been prepared. Electrochemical data for the series of complexes NiCl(PPh3)(η-C5H5) (1), Ni(C&tbd1;CPh)(PPh3)(η-C5H5) (2), and 3−8 have been determined. Introduction of nitro substituent (in progressing from 2 to 3) results in a substantial increase in the Ni^II/III oxidation potential, all of which is lost on progressing from a one-ring (3) to two-ring (4−8) chromophore. The molecular quadratic and cubic optical nonlinearities of the series of complexes have been determined by hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) and Z-scan techniques, respectively. HRS measurements at 1064 nm are consistent with an increase in β upon chromophore chain-lengthening (in progressing from 3 to 7 to 5), replacing Z by E stereochemistry (in progressing from 6 to 5), and in replacing N by CH (in progressing from 8 to 5), general trends that are maintained with the two-level-corrected data. Nonlinearities for the 18-electron nickel complexes are larger than those for related 14-electron (triphenylphosphine)gold acetylides, but smaller than those for the more easily oxidizable 18-electron (cyclopentadienyl)bis(phosphine)ruthenium acetylide analogues. Z-scan data at 800 nm reveal a negative γ for the nitro-containing complexes, consistent with the dispersion effect of two-photon states contributing to the nonlinearities. An increase in γ upon chromophore chain-lengthening (in progressing from 3 to 5, 4 and 7) and replacing Z by E stereochemistry (in progressing from 6 to 5) is observed. Nonlinearities for the extended-chromophore acetylide complexes 5 and 7 are significantly less than those for the (triphenylphosphine)gold acetylide analogues.

The series of complexes Ru((E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4X&dbd;CHC6H4NO2)(PR3)2(η-C5H5) (X = CH, R = Ph, 11a; X = CH, R = Me, 11b; X = N, R = Ph, 12a; X = N, R = Me, 12b) has been synthesized by reaction of RuCl(PR3)2(η-C5H5) with (E)-4,4‘-HC&tbd1;CC6H4X&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 and deprotonation of the intermediate vinylidene complex. Complex 11a has been structurally characterized; it is the first example of a donor-acceptor organometallic “extended” chromophore bearing the prototypical acceptor −NO2 to be crystallographically studied. Molecular quadratic hyperpolarizabilities at 1.9 μm were evaluated computationally for the complexes above and imine- and azo-linked analogues by employing ZINDO with crystallographically obtained atomic coordinates. The results are consistent with a substantial increase in quadratic nonlinearity for (i) chain lengthening of the organometallic chromophore (replacing 4-C&tbd1;CC6H4NO2 by (E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2) and (ii) an azo linkage compared with an ene linkage (replacing (E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 by (E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4N&dbd;NC6H4NO2). Little variation in computed response was found upon substituting an imine linkage for an ene linkage in the organometallic chromophore (replacing (E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4CH&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 by (E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4N&dbd;CHC6H4NO2 or (E)-4,4‘-C&tbd1;CC6H4CH&dbd;NC6H4NO2). Molecular quadratic optical nonlinearities were determined experimentally for 11a, 12a, and Ru(C&tbd1;CC6H4NO2-4)(PR3)2(η-C5H5) (R = Ph, Me) by electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH; 11a and 12a only) and hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) techniques. EFISH-derived μβ1064 values for 11a (9700 × 10^-48 cm⁵ esu^-1) and 12a (5800 × 10^-48 cm⁵ esu^-1) are large compared to those for other organometallic complexes. Resonance-enhanced quadratic nonlinearities at 1.06 μm from HRS are large (1455 × 10^-30 cm⁵ esu^-1, 11a; 840 × 10^-30 cm⁵ esu^-1, 12a). Two-level-corrected values confirm a substantial increase in quadratic nonlinearity for chain lengthening but suggest a significant decrease in nonlinearity on replacing an ene linkage by an imine linkage; the latter is contrary to the ZINDO result, and the reasons for this are discussed.

The spin–lattice relaxation and cross relaxation of western red-cedar sapwood (moisture contents 216 to 15%) and western hemlock sapwood (moisture contents 144 to 15%) were investigated using proton magnetic resonance. Below the fiber saturation point (FSP), solid wood and cell-wall water were found to have the sameT1indicating a fast exchange of proton magnetization between these two environments. Above the FSP, multiexponentialT1decay was observed. A one-dimensional profile across the growth rings showed that the multiple components of spin–lattice relaxation in wood were due to variations in local specific gravity. Within a small volume, a singleT1was observed for protons in lumen water, cell-wall water, and solid wood. The mixing of proton reservoirs was attributed to water diffusion between the lumen and cell wall, and cross relaxation between the protons in the cell-wall water and the solid wood. This cross-relaxation time was found to be a few milliseconds, which is fast on theT1time scale of tens of milliseconds. A fast-magnetization-exchange model which relatedT1values to local specific gravity was verified for protons in all environments in wood. Using this model, the distribution of local specific gravity was derived for the western red-cedar and hemlock samples.

A cohort of 888 rural, nonaboriginal persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus identified in Western Australia through surveys in 1978-1982 were followed for death until the end of 1986. A total of 257 deaths were observed. Excess mortality in this cohort as compared with the general Australian population was investigated by calculating standardized mortality ratios and using the Cox proportional hazards regression model with hazard rates for the general population as the baseline. The overall standardized mortality ratio was 1.83 (95% confidence interval 1.51-2.16) for women and 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.18-1.67) for men. Cause-specific comparisons with the general population showed that the majority of excess deaths could be attributed to diseases of the circulatory system. Factors assessed at the baseline survey that were independently prognostic of shorter survival were early onset of diabetes (for females only), high plasma glucose level, retinopathy, macrovascular disease, albuminuria (for females only), and elevated plasma creatinine level. Reductions in life expectancy at 60 years of age as compared with the general population averaged about 5 years but could be as much as 16 years for female diabetics with early onset of diabetes, high plasma glucose levels, and several complications.

The article features results of the investigation of the Royal Commission of Inquiry on the Pike River mine explosion in Greymouth, New Zealand on November 19, 2011. It found that families of survivors hoped that there are still survivors due to the false hopes given by Pike River Coal Ltd. chief executive officer (CEO) Peter Whitehall. The rescue team believed of the slim chance of having survivors due to high levels of methane gas and those trapped are located near the source of explosion.

The article reports on the success of author Emma Donoghue's new novel "Room," released in 2010. It reports that many publishers wanted to publish her new novel but finally she sold it to Little, Brown and Company in the U.S. and Picador in Great Britain. "Room," is reportedly a bestseller in Ireland, Great Britain and Canada and a New York Times bestseller in the U.S. and was also shortlisted for the Governor's General's Literary Awards and the Rogers Writers' Trust fiction Prize.

The article profiles Canadian novelist Katherine Govier. It notes that she was born in Edmonton, Alberta in 1948. It mentions that she is fascinated by Japan and travelled to the country on numerous occasions since the early 1990's and practices classical Japanese martial arts. It notes the she wrote numerous books including "The Ghost Brush," "Three Views of Crystal Water," and "Hearts of Flame."

A personal narrative is presented in which author presents his experience of attending literary awards gala, as a transsexual man.

Melilotus albus (Medik.) is a pasture legume with potential value in Australian farming systems, especially in salt-affected areas. However, the use of this species has been limited because of concerns over high coumarin concentrations. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of defoliation on the concentration of 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid, a coumarin precursor, at 3 stages of growth (vegetative, flowering and post-flowering) in 6 accessions. The concentration of 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid was determined by high performance liquid chromatography in leaves of plants grown in a glasshouse. Defoliation stress increased the 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid content in the leaves of all accessions studied by about 8%, from 0.89 to 0.96% of dry matter. The 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid concentrations were not significantly different between vegetative and flowering stages in any of the accessions studied, but showed a significant increase post-flowering for 4 out of the 6 accessions studied. This study indicates that grazing may increase the coumarin or 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid concentration in Melilotus albus, but in screening for suitable accessions to progress to new cultivars, it is not necessary to subject plants to a defoliation stress to rank the accessions for 2-hydroxy cinnamic acid or coumarin concentration.

An efficient and highly stereoselective synthesis of P-chiral 1,5-diphosphanylferrocene ligands has been developed, and the introduction of P-chirality in ferrocene-based phosphine ligands enhances the enantioselective discrimination produced by the corresponding catalyst when matching of the planar chirality, the chirality at carbon and the chirality at phosphorus occurs.

CuOTf2is an inexpensive, air- and moisture-stable catalyst for the O–H addition of aliphatic and aromatic acids and alcohols to norbornene.

LACHENMANN: Das Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern (Tokyo Version, 2000) c. Sylvain Cambreling. ECM New Series 1858/9 (2-CD set).DÖHL: Sound of Sleat; Bruchstücke zur Winterreise for piano; String quintet: Winterreise; Notturno. James Tocco (pno), Hugo Noth (accordion), Ovidiu Dabila (double bass), Auryn Quartet with Boris Pergamenschikov (vlc), Lasalle Quartet. Dreyer-Gaido 21013.HÖLLER: Piano Works. Kristi Becker, Pi-hsien Chen (pnos). cpo 999 954-2.PINTSCHER: Figura I–V; String Quartet No. 4, Portrait of Gesualdo; Dernier espace avec introspecteur. Theodoro Anzelotti (accordion), Arditti String Quartet. Winter & Winter 910 097-2.

The three title compounds tri‐μ‐carbonyl‐1:2κ2C;1:3κ2C;2:3κ2C‐octacarbonyl‐1κC,2κ2C,3κ2C,4κ3C‐η5‐methylcyclopentadienyl‐tetrahedro‐triiridiummolybdenum(3 Ir—Ir)(3 Ir—Mo), tri‐μ‐carbonyl‐1:2κ2C;1:3κ2C;2:3κ2C‐octacarbonyl‐1κC,2κ2C,3κ2C,4κ3C‐η5‐tetramethylcyclopentadienyl‐tetrahedro‐triiridiummolybdenum(3 Ir—Ir)(3 Ir—Mo) and tri‐μ‐carbonyl‐1:2κ2C;1:3κ2C;2:3κ2C‐octacarbonyl‐1κC,2κ2C,3κ2C,4κ3C‐η5‐pentamethylcyclopentadienyl‐tetrahedro‐triiridiummolybdenum(3 Ir—Ir)(3 Ir—Mo), [MoIr3(η5‐C5H5−nMen)(μ‐CO)3(CO)8], where n= 1, 4 or 5, have a pseudo­tetrahedral MoIr3core geometry, with a η5‐C5H5−nMengroup ligating the Mo atom, bridging carbonyls spanning the edges of an MoIr2face, and eight terminally bound carbonyls.