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The paper represents a study of the labour market functionality through the employment degree and how much of the employment improvement is reflected in the wage revenues. The study is based on the analysis and forecast of the earnings structure by branches and regions and also by property forms, being structured in 4 chapters. Within the study the earning is analyzed starting from two reasons: first, the wage synthetically reflects the structural evolution of the labour market and, second, the wage conditions and influences the employment possibilities. An important part of the study is represented by the analysis of the correlation between employment and earnings, marking out some features. First, 2002-2006 represented the period with structural changes in employment, the wages evolution being independent of the economic context or of the labour market imbalances. Second, in regional and county profile the correlation between the employment structure and the evolution of the earnings is more lax than the national economy level. If for the regions the main explanation could be the structural homogeneity of the regional economies, at county level the determinant element is the economic gap. In the first years of the actual development cycle, even if the intercounty economic gaps have maintained or deepened, the improvement of the employment has adequately been reflected in the increase in the average wage revenues. The paper also presents some perspectives on the earnings structure, marking out the fact that until 2010 the gaps between regions – from the net average earnings point of view – will not significantly improve, but there will be created the conditions for a future decrease. This fact can be explained, on one hand, by the absorption of the community funds which will be more consistent after 2009 (it is about the project implementation, not the contract), and, on the other hand, because – in a first stage – the more developed areas will access easier the European funds, having resources and also project and implementation organization competences, and for the fund allocation national projects (transport, education infrastructure, etc.) will be important.

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Two hospitals compete for the exclusive services of health professionals, who are privately informed about their ability and motivation. Hospitals differ in their ownership structure and in the mission they pursue. The non-profit hospital sacrifices some profits to follow its mission but becomes attractive for motivated workers. In equilibrium, when both hospitals are active, the sorting of workers to hospitals is efficient and ability-neutral. Allocative distortions are decreasing in the degree of competition and disappear when hospitals are similar. The non-profit hospital tends to provide a higher amount of care and offer lower salaries than the for-profit one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the differential impact of employment in agriculture on rural and non-rural wages using the quarterly labor force survey (LFS) collected by the Palestine Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). We estimate the wage equation for rural and non-rural workers controlling for structural, socioeconomic, and political factors. The results suggest that employment in agriculture lowers the average wage by a range from 26 to 34 % for the non-rural population and 30-37 % for rural population. Meanwhile, Israeli closures tend to raise the probability of selecting agriculture as a sector for employment. Among other findings, the results also show that returns to education are lower for rural workers than for non-rural workers. JEL Classification: R11, J30, J61, J01 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of salaries including salary levels, evolution, purchasing power, salary differentiation between business areas, development areas, men and women, are some of the aspects that bring forth multiple and lasting concerns not only among researchers, but also to governors and to European bodies interested in the field of labour, employment and in social issues derived from payroll as a way of design, implementation, size and development. A brief analysis of the aspects related in particular to the minimum and average wage, as well as of the share of employees earning the minimum salary, meaning below the threshold of average salaries of employees in the total of European Union countries, on the basis of the data supplied by Eurostat, shows significant differences among them, differences that persist despite a legislative and institutional framework created at EU level to monitor, identify and implement effective solutions, based on the indissoluble bond that exists between wage policies and the economic efficiency of a State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban income inequality is an increasingly important driver of China's overall income inequality. Using three urban household surveys for 1995, 2002 and 2007, the authors examine how change in enterprise ownership structure - one of the major features of China's economic transition - has contributed to widening urban wage inequality. While wage dispersion was higher in the private sector over the period 1995-2007, it increased faster in the public sector. However, over 50 per cent of the increase in urban wage inequality is associated with labour reallocation from the public to the private sector. Urban wage inequality may thus widen further if more labour is reallocated to the private sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a comparative analysis of the distribution effects of the increase in the real value of the minimum wage in Latin America during the 2000s in four Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay. Using semiparametric techniques to estimate counterfactual density functions, the authors find that the increase in the minimum wage had an equalizing effect in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, but not in Chile. This increase accounted for a considerable part of the decline in wage inequality, which was the result of compression at the lower tail of the wage distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]