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Adolescence is a vulnerable stage due to the different risk behaviors that are carried out with the purpose of experiencing new sensations, such as obtaining recognition and acceptance from peers. This is why, in modern times, the use of social media networks has become something essential for adolescents due to the benefits they obtain. However, inappropriate use could trigger an addiction, which may be associated with low self-esteem. Therefore, this research had the general objective of describing the scores of addiction to social networks and the levels of self-esteem in high school adolescents. The approach was quantitative with a non-experimental design and a descriptive scope. The participants were 75 adolescents from 14 to 18 years old from an Educational Institution in the city of Cuenca. The instruments that were applied were: the Social Networks Addiction Questionnaire (ARS) and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (EAR). The results obtained showed that adolescents presented low scores of addiction to social networks and the predominant dimension was excessive use of social networks. While the levels of self-esteem of adolescents stand out for being medium (36%) and high (36%). It is concluded that adolescents do not present addiction to social networks and have adequate levels of self-esteem.

La presente investigación se enfoca en la protección de los datos personales en el ámbito médico y las responsabilidades administrativas asociadas en Ecuador en 2023, el problema se centra en el punto de la omisión de derechos que pueden ocurrir en la difusión o publicación de hallazgos médicos o artículos científicos. La Ley de Protección de Datos Personales establece que todo tipo de tratamiento de datos personales requiere el consentimiento inequívoco y expreso del titula del derecho, salvo mandato de ley. El objetivo es analizar los aportes teóricos sobre una sentencia sobre el fenómeno de estudio. La metodología utilizada es de tipo cualitativo, particular, descriptivo, heurístico e inductivo. Los resultados se ofrecen mediante búsqueda de información en bases de datos científicas, el protocolo de investigación, marco teórico y análisis aplicado. Se concluye que la protección de datos personales en el ámbito médico que es importante tanto en el Ecuador como a nivel mundial y requiere una gestión pública efectiva. La Ley de Protección de Datos Personales y el marco jurídico ecuatoriano establece principios claros que deben ser exigidos por las empresas y organizaciones del sector médico., The present research focuses on the protection of personal data in the medical field and the associated administrative responsibilities in Ecuador in 2023, the problem is centered on the point of the omission of rights that may occur in the dissemination or publication of medical findings or scientific articles. The Personal Data Protection Law establishes that any type of processing of personal data requires the unequivocal and express consent of the right holder, except as mandated by law. The objective is to analyze the theoretical contributions on a sentence on the phenomenon under study. The methodology used is qualitative, particular, descriptive, heuristic, and inductive. The results are offered by means of information search in scientific databases, research protocol, theoretical framework and applied analysis. It is concluded that the protection of personal data in the medical field is important both in Ecuador and worldwide and requires an effective public management. The Personal Data Protection Law and the Ecuadorian legal framework establish clear principles that should be required by companies and organizations in the medical sector., Esta pesquisa enfoca a proteção de dados pessoais no campo da medicina e as responsabilidades administrativas associadas no Equador em 2023. O problema está centrado no ponto da omissão de direitos que pode ocorrer na divulgação ou publicação de descobertas médicas ou artigos científicos. A Lei de Proteção de Dados Pessoais estabelece que qualquer processamento de dados pessoais requer o consentimento inequívoco e expresso do titular do direito, a menos que seja determinado por lei. O objetivo é analisar as contribuições teóricas de um julgamento sobre o fenômeno em estudo. A metodologia utilizada é qualitativa, particular, descritiva, heurística e indutiva. Os resultados são apresentados por meio da busca de informações em bancos de dados científicos, do protocolo de pesquisa, do referencial teórico e da análise aplicada. Conclui-se que a proteção de dados pessoais na área médica é importante tanto no Equador quanto no mundo e requer uma gestão pública eficaz. A Lei de Proteção de Dados Pessoais e a estrutura jurídica equatoriana estabelecem princípios claros que devem ser exigidos pelas empresas e organizações do setor médico.

La aplicación de un adecuado peritaje médico en los delitos sexuales es fundamental por su aporte a la justicia argumentos medicolegales para esclarecer los hechos, no obstante, en ciertos peritajes médicos se incumple con los objetivos de valoración, violentando normativas y protocolos previamente establecidos; hechos que pueden acarrear problemas legales al profesional que efectúa el peritaje e incluso conllevar a una revictimización. La presente investigación permitirá analizar la valoración médico pericial en presuntos delitos sexuales en Ecuador. Esta investigación de tipo cualitativo, no experimental, se basó en un enfoque narrativo descriptivo, en el que se llevó a cabo un análisis documental obteniendo de datos presentes en sitios como Web of Science, Scopus, entre otros. En la búsqueda efectuada se encontraron 10 sentencias, entre los años 2007-2011, en 8 sentencias los tribunales se apoyaron no solo en los testimonios de la víctima, sino también las pericias médicas y psicológicas para dar sus dictámenes; una sentencia, debido al tiempo transcurrido la valoración pericial médica perdió su valor jurídico, en otra la pericia médica no fue descrita en la sentencia. En la presente investigación se concluye que las valoraciones periciales son de gran importancia en primer lugar para las víctimas, cuya finalidad radica en el ejercicio pleno de sus derechos y garantías, de igual manera se determina la importancia de estas como apoyo al juez para la toma de decisiones en los casos de delitos sexuales., The application of an adequate medical expert opinion in sexual crimes is fundamental due to its contribution to justice, medical-legal arguments to clarify the facts, however, in certain medical expert opinions the assessment objectives are not met, violating previously established regulations and protocols; Facts that can lead to legal problems for the professional who performs the expertise and even lead to re-victimization. The present investigation will allow us to analyze the expert medical assessment in alleged sexual crimes in Ecuador. This qualitative, non-experimental research was based on a descriptive narrative approach, in which a documentary analysis was carried out, obtaining data from sites such as Web of Science, Scopus, Virtualex, Vlex, Fieldweb, Pubmed, Scielo. In the search carried out, 10 sentences were found, between the years 2007-2011, in 8 sentences the courts relied not only on the testimony of the victim, but also on the medical and psychological expertise to give their opinions; one sentence, due to the time elapsed, the medical expert assessment lost its legal value, in another the medical expertise was not described in the sentence. In the present investigation it is concluded that the expert assessments are of great importance in the first place for the victims, whose purpose lies in the full exercise of their rights and guarantees, in the same way their importance is determined as support to the judge for decision making in cases of sexual crimes., A aplicação de uma perícia médica adequada em crimes sexuais é fundamental por sua contribuição para a justiça, argumentos médico-legais para esclarecer os fatos; no entanto, em certas avaliações médico-periciais, os objetivos da avaliação não são cumpridos, violando regulamentos e protocolos previamente estabelecidos; fatos que podem levar a problemas legais para o profissional que realiza a avaliação e até mesmo levar à revitimização. Esta pesquisa nos permitirá analisar a avaliação médico-pericial de supostos crimes sexuais no Equador. Esta pesquisa qualitativa, não experimental, baseou-se em uma abordagem narrativa descritiva, na qual foi realizada uma análise documental, obtendo dados de sites como Web of Science, Scopus, entre outros. Na busca realizada, foram encontrados 10 acórdãos, entre 2007-2011, em 8 acórdãos os tribunais se basearam não apenas no depoimento da vítima, mas também em perícias médicas e psicológicas para proferir suas decisões; em um acórdão, devido ao tempo decorrido, a avaliação médica pericial perdeu seu valor legal, em outro a perícia médica não foi descrita no acórdão. Esta pesquisa conclui que as avaliações periciais são de grande importância, em primeiro lugar, para as vítimas, cujo objetivo é o pleno exercício de seus direitos e garantias, bem como a importância delas como apoio ao juiz na tomada de decisões em casos de crimes sexuais.

We show that, in the x-ray magnetic resonant scattering (XRMS) of a two-dimensional array of submicron magnets, the collected intensity at each Bragg reflection is correlated to the reflected light from locations of the magnets that have the same angle of curvature. This converts XRMS in a kind of magnetic microscope capable of spatially resolving the magnetization of the small-size magnets, averaged over the magnets illuminated by the x rays. This result is used to study the magnetization of trilayer submicron disk-shaped magnets consisting of two magnetostatically coupled ferromagnetic layers, about 15 nm thick, separated by a nonmagnetic spacer. These kinds of systems are less known than the single-layer ones, despite having potentially more interesting functionalities for device applications, mainly due to the difficulty to distinguish the magnetization of each of the layers within the magnets. This problem is overcome by XRMS thanks to its chemical sensitivity and its relatively large depth probe. XRMS is also a photon-in photon-out technique that allows measuring under external magnetic fields. This permits the extraction of the local hysteresis loops at different locations of the disks. The technique demonstrates to be very sensitive to the magnetization distribution across each of the layers at any field intensity, with an estimated lateral resolution below 200 nm. This serves to detect, and also explain, chiral asymmetries in the magnetic circulation of the vortex in each of the layers.

The use of magnetic vector tomography/laminography has opened a 3D experimental window to access the magnetization at the nanoscale. These methods exploit the dependence of the magnetic contrast in transmission to recover its 3D configuration. However, hundreds of different angular projections are required leading to large measurement times. Here we present a fast method to dramatically reduce the experiment time specific for quasi two-dimensional magnetic systems. The algorithm uses the Beer-Lambert equation in the framework of X-ray transmission microscopy to obtain the 3D magnetic configuration of the sample. It has been demonstrated in permalloy microstructures, reconstructing the magnetization vector field with a reduced number of angular projections obtaining quantitative results. The throughput of the methodology is × 10–× 100 times faster than conventional magnetic vector tomography, making this characterization method of general interest for the community.

This article presents the results of an investigation in which 255 student volunteers from the University of Seville have collaborated and have participated in 29 centers constituted as learning communities (CdeA) in the province of Seville. This study aims to disseminate the assessment of the experience made by students during the 2014 to 2020 academic years, regarding their reasons for participating, expectations, self-perceptions, their personal, academic, professional, and social learning, and the overall assessment of the experience. The volunteer participates in an activity subject to academic recognition (ASRA), called Psychoeducational Intervention in Learning Communities, of up to 6 ECTS credits; In these centers they participate in successful educational actions such as interactive groups, gatherings, a tutored library and educational accompaniment or reinforcement. For data collection, the SAVUCdA questionnaire was used with 54 items categorized into eight blocks. A quantitative methodology is followed, carrying out descriptive, contrast and correlational analyzes that allow identifying the evolution of the valuations and the relationships between the blocks in the different years. Among the main results, we highlight good evaluations after the long period studied, which implies good coordination and monitoring of the internships, availability and good work of all the agents involved in them. The correlational results indicate, as a main conclusion, that this type of practice facilitates the learning and development of all areas of the student body. It is noteworthy that, although the students did not initially have high expectations regarding their practices, the evaluations of the learning acquired have been very positive in all the courses., El presente artículo da a conocer los resultados de una investigación en la que han colaborado 255 estudiantes voluntarios de la Universidad de Sevilla que han participado en 29 centros constituidos en comunidades de aprendizaje (CdeA) de la provincia de Sevilla. Este estudio pretende difundir la valoración de la experiencia realizada por los estudiantes durante los cursos 2014 a 2020, respecto a sus razones para participar, expectativas, autopercepciones, su aprendizaje personal, académico, profesional, social y la valoración global de la experiencia. El voluntariado participa en una actividad susceptible de reconocimiento académico (ASRA), denominada Intervención psicoeducativa en Comunidades de Aprendizaje, de hasta 6 créditos ECTS; en dichos centros participan en actuaciones educativas de éxito como son los grupos interactivos, tertulias, biblioteca tutorizada y acompañamiento o refuerzo educativo. Para la recogida de datos se ha empleado el cuestionario SAVUCdA con 54 ítems categorizados en ocho bloques. Se sigue una metodología cuantitativa, realizando análisis descriptivos, de contraste y correlacionales que permiten identificar la evolución de las valoraciones y las relaciones entre los bloques en los diferentes años. Entre los principales resultados destacamos buenas valoraciones tras el largo periodo estudiado, lo que implica buena coordinación y seguimiento de las prácticas, disponibilidad y buen hacer de todos los agentes implicados en las mismas. Los resultados correlacionales indican, como conclusión principal, que este tipo de prácticas facilitan el aprendizaje y desarrollo de todos los ámbitos del alumnado. Es de destacar que, aunque los estudiantes no tuvieran inicialmente altas expectativas respecto a sus prácticas, las valoraciones de los aprendizajes adquiridos sí han sido muy positivas en todos los cursos.

Objective: To identify changes in food and energy consumption of Sonoran school-age children during 2010-2018. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. Consumption patterns were determined using dietary databases (24-hour recall) and examining food consumption trends from 20102018. Results: Non-permanent changes were observed in the per capita consumption of cheese, meat, chicken, tortilla, and wheat products, as well as sugar drinks mainly cola type. In addition, eggs, beans, tortillas, and corn products and fried foods consumption increased (p≤0.01). Also, a decrease in milk and not recommended foods intake such as breakfast cereals, artificial fruit juices, breads, and cookies was found (p≤0.01). Limitations: Some foods could be underestimated or overestimated according to population characteristics; however, the personnel training minimizes the possibilities of error. Conclusions: Trends in consumption of recommended and non-recommended foods seems to suggest that national regulations regarding sugar-sweetened beverages and high energy foods among children, could be related to food consumption during 2012-014 period. Also, that energy consumption from both types of foods results high according to recommendations, alerting on portion size for future interventions., Objetivo: identificar cambios en el consumo de alimentos y energía de escolares sonorenses en el periodo 2010-2018. Metodología: estudio transversal analítico que determinó el patrón de consumo utilizando bases de datos dietarios (R24-horas) y examinando tendencias de consumo de alimentos de 2010-2018. Resultados: se observaron tendencias hacia el aumento en consumo per cápita de queso c/grasa, carnes, pollo, soda de cola, tortilla y productos de trigo y frituras (p≤0.01). Aumentos en el consumo de huevo, frijol, tortilla y productos de maíz (p≤0.01). También, disminución en consumo de leches y alimentos no recomendables como cereales para desayuno, bebidas azucaradas, panes y galletas (p≤0.01). Limitaciones: algunos alimentos podrían estar sub o sobreestimados de acuerdo con las características de la población; sin embargo, la capacitación del personal para la obtención la información minimiza las posibilidades de error. Conclusiones: las tendencias en el consumo de alimentos recomendados y no recomendados parecen sugerir que las regulaciones nacionales sobre bebidas azucaradas y alimentos de alto contenido energético entre los niños podrían estar relacionadas con el consumo de alimentos durante el período 2012-014. Asimismo, que el consumo energético de ambos tipos de alimentos resulta alto según las recomendaciones, alertando sobre el tamaño de las porciones para futuras intervenciones.

En el presente artículo se analiza la iniciativa que proviene de los órganos constitucionalmente legitimados para presentar proposiciones de Ley, esto es, los señalados en el art. 87 CE: Diputados, Senadores, las Asambleas legislativas de las Comunidades Autónomas y el pueblo, mediante un mínimo de 500.000 firmas acreditadas y si para la admisión y tramitación de esas iniciativas existen mecanismos de evaluación prelegislativa. Todas estas cuestiones dejando claro que no son en ningún momento iguales los sujetos a los que nuestra Constitución otorga iniciativa y eso va a quedar reflejado tanto en los requisitos formales que se les exige, como en los mecanismos de evaluación a los que se someten.

Bloch points are small 3D magnetic textures with unit topological charge that require the use of advanced vector imaging techniques for their direct experimental characterization. Here we show results from the reconstruction of the magnetization field m(r) of an elongated permalloy microstructure by X-ray vector magnetic tomography. A central asymmetric Bloch domain wall is observed, decorated by Bloch points arranged in several dipoles and a triplet. The analysis of the m(r) map in terms of topological concepts provides a quantitative description of the Bloch points as topological monopoles connected by bundles of emergent magnetic field lines carrying a fractional topological flux. It also reveals the topological constraints that determine chirality transitions of the central domain wall in the vicinity of Bloch points, independent of specific material properties. This approach could be readily extended to the study of magnetic microstructures in arbitrary remanent configurations.

Although social networks have become a useful resource for some human aspects, these have promoted some problems for adolescents such as excessive use and a virtual reality which allow to obtain an assessment of body image in a non-adaptive sense. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between levels of body image dissatisfaction with respect to addiction to social networks of female adolescents. The research was managed by a quantitative approach and a descriptive-correlational scope. The participants were 71 adolescents who had 13 to 15 years of age, and who belonged to Sígsig media school during the academic period of 2022. The information was collected through some instruments such as a sociodemographic survey, the Social Network Addiction Questionnaire (ARS), and the Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (SBQ). The results obtained detail there was not a significant relation between addiction to social networks and satisfaction with body image; the predominant level of body image was without concern; and the addiction to social networks presented an orientation towards low scores. In conclusion, adolescents participating in the study appreciate their body image positively and use social networks appropriately.

Emotional intelligence is important in people's lives, since it allows for the recognition of one's own emotions as well as those of others, and therefore, a better adaptation to the context. From this perspective, when a person becomes a parent, its presence is imperative, since an adequate emotional control strengthens the bond between parents and children. The present quantitative study with correlational scope, aimed to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence levels and parenting styles of mothers and fathers’ students with children in the Early Stimulation Classroom and Preschool Tutoring of the University of Cuenca during the period 2022- 2023. The participants were 32 adults between 18-35 years of age. Data collection was carried out using two instruments: the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS-S) Spanish version by Extremera et al., (1997) and the ENE-P: Scale of standards and demands version parents (Bersabé et al., 1999). The results indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between the study variables. Likewise, a high level of emotional intelligence predominates, as well as a democratic parenting style. There were no significant differences between age and marital status and parenting styles. It is concluded that parents, university students who fulfill a dual role, have a high level of emotional intelligence and execute an adequate parenting style to foster in their children both emotional strategies and social skills.

The opening of the Scotia Arc resulted in the final breakup of the land bridge between South America and the Antarctic Peninsula. The South Orkney Microcontinent (SOM) constituted part of this former connection and it is now the largest continental block in the Southern Scotia Arc. We present the first 3D model of the SOM that, given its strategic position and characteristics, allows us to advance the knowledge of the tectonic processes involved in the development of the Scotia Arc. Due to the scarcity of reliable geological data, the initial approximation of the deep structure of the SOM was supported by the calculation of three main geological boundaries from geophysical data: the acoustic basement, the boundary of the magnetic anomaly source and the Moho depth. The 3D model was built, refined and validated by forward modeling and joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data. We have accurately defined the geometry of the sedimentary cover, determined the geometry of the intrusive igneous body causing the Pacific Margin Anomaly (PMA) and mapped the heterogeneity of the crustal thickness. These structural features show a clear relationship to each other and are consistent with an important E-W extension to the east of the SOM during early stages of the Scotia Arc formation, prior to the opening of the Powell Basin.

Food markets are one of the most traditional exchange points for basic goods and services. They represent an important source of income, employment and consumption for economies; the constant observation of the markets is of interest to governments. Guayaquil has 50 municipal markets and through this study the authors seek to carry out a profiling by clusters of the stall owners, identifying their needs and situational status of their businesses. For this purpose, the authors proposed a quantitative methodology. 1052 observations were collected through random sampling. A structured survey with 65 questions was used. The sampling was carried out through the Google Forms platform. The data was processed in the SPSS program and a cluster analysis was applied. The results show that the owners can be classified into six groups with their characteristics, business profile and needs. The authors conclude on the need to design training programs based on the results shown in the cluster analysis., Los mercados de abastos constituyen uno de los puntos de intercambio de bienes y servicios básicos más tradicionales. Representan una importante fuente de ingresos, empleo y consumo para las economías; por lo que su observación constante es de interés para los gobiernos. Guayaquil cuenta con 50 mercados municipales y a través de este estudio se busca realizar un perfilamiento por conglomerados de los propietarios de los puestos, identificando sus necesidades y estado situacional de sus negocios. Para el efecto, los autores plantearon una metodología cuantitativa. Se levantaron 1052 observaciones a través de un muestreo aleatorio. Se utilizó una encuesta estructurada con 65 preguntas. El muestreo se realizó a través de la plataforma Google Forms. Los datos fueron tratados en el programa SPSS y se aplicó un análisis de conglomerados. Los resultados muestran que los propietarios pueden clasificarse en seis grupos con sus características, perfil de negocios y necesidades. Los autores concluyen en la necesidad de diseñar programas de capacitación en base a los resultados que se muestran en el análisis de conglomerados.

This data set contains Magnetic Transmission X-ray Microscopy images from a permalloy microstructure acquired at MISTRAL beamline (ALBA Synchrotron) that have been used to obtain the magnetic tomograms analyzed in the research paper "Bloch points and topological dipoles observed by X-ray vector magnetic tomography in a ferromagnetic microstructure" at Communication Physics (2023).