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Bei 30 Patienten mit Karzinomen unterschiedlicher Lokalisation und Ausbreitungs-stadien wurden die Lymphozyten des peripheren Blutes mit Hilfe der Nukleolenfarbung nachStockinger undKellner differenziert.

Es wird eine Ubersicht uber eine Geschwulstart gegeben, die Bodian das embyonale Sarkom nannte und die in der Literatur auch unter der Bezeichnung (embryonales) Rhabdomyosarkom und Sarcoma botryoides beschrieben wird. Acht eigene Beobachtungen dieses Tumors in einem Zeitraum von 14 Jahren werden angefuhrt. Bei 5 unserer Patienten war das e. S. im Kopfbereich, bei einem im Gallenwegsbereich und bei 2 im Bereich des Sinus urogenitalis lokalisiert. Die therapeutischen Ergebnisse erscheinen nicht ganz so ungunstig, wie meist in der Literatur angegeben.

1. A study of 215 cases of metastatic pulmonary carcinoma revealed 34 (15.8 per cent) instances in which the histologic features were compatible with the diagnosis of primary bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma. 2. The metastatic bronchiolo-alveolar tumors were found chiefly in cases of carcinoma of the pancreas, colon, breast, stomach, and kidney, respectively. 3. Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma is not a specific entity, but a histologic pattern of malignant epithelial proliferation occurring both in primary and metastatic lung cancer. 4. The distinctive glandular appearance is dependent on the anatomic structure of the lung parenchyma which provides an alveolar stroma along which the malignant cells can propagate. The histologic differentiation between primary and metastatic bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma presents a diagnostic challenge in the absence of necropsy.

A series of 36 patients having cutaneous metastases, including 32 necropsied cases in necropsy series of approximately 2,300 cases of internal carcinoma derived from the Long Beach Veterans Administration Hospital. The lung was the primary site in 17 of the 36 cases, the gastro-intestinal tract in 8 and the genito-urinary tract in 10; the primary site of one was uncertain. The tumors of the lung most commonly metastasized to the skin of the chest and those of the gastro-intestinal tract and genitourinary tract to the abdominal wall. The skin metastases were multiple except for 4 cases, usually widespread in location and occasionally appeared in small crops. The tumors were most commonly solid painless elevated nodules, ranging from one to 3 cm in diameter, having an intact overlying epidermis. The microscopic appearance had features of adenocarcinoma in 26 of the 36 cases. The skin tumors were indicative of progression of the primary tumor and early fatal termination, the duration of life averaging about 3 months after the appearance of the skin tumors. The necropsies revealed widespread metastases.

Bladder outflow obstruction in the female is usually a functional complaint, but rarely may be of organic aetiology, due to peri-urethral mass lesions. These lesions are usually midline in location and present clinical and roentgenological features comparable with those of prostate in the male. Two such patients, one of pure fibroma and another of hyperplastic glandular tissue are presented and their management is discussed.

Carcinoma of the prostate presents one of the major problems in urology. It has the highest incidence of all urogenital neoplasms in the male and is responsible for over 4000 deaths annually in the United Kingdom. Even when the diagnosis has been established there remain two important considerations in the management of these patients: (1) assessment of the extent of the disease to enable precise staging and (2) a reliable and accurate method of evaluating the progression of the disease or response to treatment in the absence of clinical symptoms and signs.

Of 127 patients with primary neoplasms of the scrotal wall 10 had a solitary leiomyoma arising from the tunica dartos. These benign asymptomatic lesions occur in middle-age white men and are often incorrectly diagnosed. Simple surgical excision is curative. The 11th case is described because of the malignant course that followed irradiation. A cell arising from single smooth muscle cells within the corium is proposed as the cell of origin.

Ulex europaeus agglutinin I binds specifically to vascular endothelium of various human tissues irrespective of the blood group type or secretive status of the tissue. Using this property, we have developed immunoperoxidase technique to identify vessel structures in urogenital tissues. Most vessels in malignant and nonmalignant tissues of bladder, prostate and testis of different blood types (A, B, AB and O) can be readily identified by this method. This technique has potential application in detecting tumor cell invasion of vessels and in studying distribution of vessels in relation to various normal and pathological events.

After pelvic exenteration for cancer, the gracilis muscles, skin, and subcutaneous fat from the inner aspect of both thighs may be raised as a pedicle flap and tunneled under the skin into the pelvic space to create a neovagina. We reviewed nine pelvic CT examinations in six patients to evaluate the CT appearance of this procedure and its complications. Five patients are alive and without complications. One patient died 6 months after surgery and had a small-bowel fistula to the neovagina. Normal CT findings included air in the vaginal canal in six of nine examinations, gracilis muscle atrophy in two patients who had early and late CT studies, and early separation of the anterior and posterior approximation of the flaps in one patient. Abnormal findings were seen in two patients: one had an abscess near the vaginal apex that was drained per vagina; the other had extraluminal air in the retropubic and subcutaneous fatty tissues due to a small-bowel fistula into the vagina.

Radiographic manifestations of Burkitt's lymphoma in 40 American patients are presented. Pleural effusions were the most common intrathoracic abnormality and were correlated with abdominal ascites more often than with intrathoracic tumor. Tumor involved bone in four patients had intrinsic bowel involvement; nine instances were in the ileum. Intrinsic renal tumor was seen in only two patients. Both ultrasound and computed tomography were useful.

Gas-liquid chromatographic determinations of nonesterified and total urinary cholesterol were performed in 137 normals, 264 patients with various internal diseases without evidence of neoplasias or diseases of the kidney or urinary tract, 497 patients with malignancies and 236 patients with diseases of the kidney, urinary tract infections or prostatic adenoma with residual urine. A normal range (mean +/- 2 SD) of 0.2-2.2 mg/24 hours nonesterified cholesterol (NEC) and of 0.3-3.0 mg/24 hours total cholesterol (TC) was calculated. Values of urinary cholesterol excretion were independent of age and sex and did not correlate with cholesterol levels in plasma. Patients with various internal diseases, without evidence of neoplasias nor diseases of the kidney or obstruction of the urinary tract, showed normal urinary cholesterol excretions, as did patients with infections of the urinary tract. However, elevated urinary cholesterol was found in patients with diseases of the kidney or urinary tract obstruction (prostatic adenoma with residual urine), malignant diseases of the urogenital tract and metastasizing carcinoma of the breast. In patients with other malignant diseases urinary cholesterol was usually normal. Lesions of the urothelial cell membranes are considered to be the most likely cause of urinary cholesterol hyperexcretion. The clinical value of urinary cholesterol determinations as a possible screening test for urogenital carcinomas in unselected populations is limited by lacking specificity, expensive methodology and low prevalence of the mentioned carcinomas, although elevated urinary cholesterol excretions have been observed in early clinical stages of urogenital cancers.

C-type viruses were formed in heterotransplants of 5/14 human urogenital tumours which had been serially transferred in nude mice of NIH(S) background. Except for one case in which C-type particles were present in the epithelial cells as well as the connective tissue, the viruses were only found within the stroma of the heterotransplanted tumours. Peroxidase labelling with anti-mouse serum demonstrated that the connective tissue supporting the transplanted human tumours was of mouse origin. Competition radioimmunoassays demonstrated that MuLV interspecies viral protein was present in high titre in the transplanted tumour extracts and also in extracts of 2 spontaneous mouse-tumour extracts. These data suggest that endogenous viruses of the nude mice are activated by the graft, and only subsequently infect the human tumour cells and form particles. Images Figs 1-4 Figs 5-8

The coexistence of Brenner tumors with other epithelial tumors of the ovary has been recognized for a long time. We are reporting our experience at the American University of Beirut where such a combination is present in 60% of our cases. Some of these associations are reported for the first time. Reviewing the work of others and our own experience, we feel that the Brenner tumors arise from the mesothelium and are meso-urotheliomas. We are also adding two cases of proliferating Brenner tumors to the 18 cases already reported.

Benign tumours of the epididymis, which are very rare, are variously regarded as adenomas, mesotheliomas and lymphangiomas, but an alternative opinion considers them to be of Mullerian vestigial origin. Their malignant counterparts are extremely rare, and this case is probably the second authentic instance to be reported in the English literature. Complete excision of the mass with wide resection of the cord followed by prophylactic local deep X-ray therapy has provided total relief to the patient over the year which has elapsed since these measures were undertaken.

Summary A case is described of a large cyst arising in a male pelvis from the vicinity of the prostate and seminal vesicles, and it is considered that the most likely origin of this cyst is from remnants of the Miillerian duct. The literature of this condition is briefly reviewed.