Search

We review a technique for solving a class of classical linear partial diferential systems of relevance to physics in Minkowski spacetime. All the equations are amenable to analysis in terms of complex solutions in the kernel of the scalar Laplacian and a complexifed Hertz potential. The complexifcation prescription ensures the existence of regular physical solutions with chirality and propagating, non-singular, pulse-like characteristics that are bounded in all three spatial dimensions. The technique is applied to the source-free Maxwell, Bopp-Landé-Podolsky and linearised Einstein feld systems, and particular solutions are used for constructing classical models describing single-cycle laser pulses and a mechanism is discussed for initiating astrophysical jets. Our article concludes with a brief introduction to spacetime Cliford algebra ideals that we use to represent spinor felds. We employ these to demonstrate how the same technique used for tensor felds enables one to construct new propagating, chiral, non-singular, pulse-like spinor solutions to the massless Dirac equation in Minkowski spacetime.

Modern cosmic microwave background (CMB) analysis pipelines regularly employ complex time-domain filters, beam models, masking, and other techniques during the production of sky maps and their corresponding angular power spectra. However, these processes can generate couplings between multipoles from the same spectrum and from different spectra, in addition to the typical power attenuation. Within the context of pseudo-C-l based, MASTER-style analyses, the net effect of the time-domain filtering is commonly approximated by a multiplicative transfer function, F-l , that can fail to capture mode mixing and is dependent on the spectrum of the signal. To address these shortcomings, we have developed a simulation-based spectral correction approach that constructs a two-dimensional transfer matrix, J(ll'), which contains information about mode mixing in addition to mode attenuation. We demonstrate the application of this approach on data from the first flight of the Spider balloon-borne CMB experiment.

We present the first linear polarization measurements from the 2015 long-duration balloon flight of SPIDER, which is an experiment that is designed to map the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on degree angular scales. The results from these measurements include maps and angular power spectra from observations of 4.8% of the sky at 95 and 150 GHz, along with the results of internal consistency tests on these data. While the polarized CMB anisotropy from primordial density perturbations is the dominant signal in this region of sky, Galactic dust emission is also detected with high significance. Galactic synchrotron emission is found to be negligible in the SPIDER bands. We employ two independent foreground-removal techniques to explore the sensitivity of the cosmological result to the assumptions made by each. The primary method uses a dust template derived from Planck data to subtract the Galactic dust signal. A second approach, which constitutes a joint analysis of SPIDER and Planck data in the harmonic domain, assumes a modified-blackbody model for the spectral energy distribution of the dust with no constraint on its spatial morphology. Using a likelihood that jointly samples the template amplitude and r parameter space, we derive 95% upper limits on the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio from Feldman-Cousins and Bayesian constructions, finding r < 0.11 and r < 0.19, respectively. Roughly half the uncertainty in r derives from noise associated with the template subtraction. New data at 280 GHz from SPIDER´s second flight will complement the Planck polarization maps, providing powerful measurements of the polarized Galactic dust emission.

Background This paper provides an evidence base for practice in Australia from an integrative literature review of research on co-designing housing with people with an intellectual disability. The study asks: what methods and outcomes have been reported from including people with an intellectual disability in the co-design of their housing? Method The integrative review framework described by Whitemore and Knafl (2005) was used to analyse the literature. Results The literature searches yielded 16 articles after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Important gaps in the literature were found relating to: co-designing with people with an intellectual disability; the co-designing of housing with people with an intellectual disability; specific frameworks or benchmarks for co-designing with people with an intellectual disability; processes on use of proxies; and on design outcomes. Conclusions Considerable work is required to explore and evaluate co-design processes in the design of housing with adults with intellectual disabilities, as well as how the outcomes of these processes are evaluated.

The roles of the extracellular matrix molecule tenascin-C (TNC) in health and disease have been extensively reviewed since its discovery over 40 years ago. Here, we will describe recent insights into the roles of TNC in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, immunity and metastasis. In addition to high levels of expression in tumors, and during chronic inflammation, and bacterial and viral infection, TNC is also expressed in lymphoid organs. This supports potential roles for TNC in immunity control. Advances using murine models with engineered TNC levels were instrumental in the discovery of important functions of TNC as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule in tissue repair and revealed multiple TNC actions in tumor progression. TNC acts through distinct mechanisms on many different cell types with immune cells coming into focus as important targets of TNC in cancer. We will describe how this knowledge could be exploited for cancer disease management, in particular for immune (checkpoint) therapies.