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Tin oxide, SnO2, transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was investigated. We found that an electrical conductivity is not the only parameter that governs conversion efficiency of DSSC. The conversion efficiency was strongly influenced by haze ratio that is easily tuned by controlling the surface morphology of TCO layer by spray pyrolysis deposition (SPD) technique. The conversion efficiency was enhanced as high as 7.6%, attributing to an effective incident light harvest of a working electrode in the consequence of the confinement of the incident light within the cell.

Review of scientific instruments 87(2), 024501(2016). doi:10.1063/1.4941716, We have generated over 40 GPa pressures, namely, 43 and 44 GPa, at ambient temperature and 2000 K, respectively, using Kawai-type multi-anvil presses (KMAP) with tungsten carbide anvils for the first time. These high-pressure generations were achieved by combining the following pressure-generation techniques: (1) precisely aligned guide block systems, (2) high hardness of tungsten carbide, (3) tapering of second-stage anvil faces, (4) materials with high bulk modulus in a high-pressure cell, and (5) high heating efficiency., Published by American Institute of Physics, [S.l.]

We present how the introduction of anion vacancies in oxyhydrides enables a route to access new oxynitrides, by conducting ammonolysis of perovskite oxyhydride EuTiO3-xHx (x similar to 0.18). At 400 degrees C, similar to our studies on BaTiO3-xHx, hydride lability enables a low temperature direct ammonolysis of EUTi3.82+O-2.82/H-0.18, leading to the N3-/H--exchanged product EuTi4+O2.82No0.12 square 0.06 center dot When the ammonolysis temperature was increased up to 800 degrees C, we observed a further nitridation involving N3-/O2- exchange, yielding a fully oxidized Eu3+Ti4+O2N with the GdFeO3-type distortion (Pnma) as a metastable phase, instead of pyrochlore structure. Interestingly, the same reactions using the oxide EuTiO3 proceeded through a 1:1 exchange of N3- with O-2 only above 600 degrees C and resulted in incomplete nitridation to EuTi02.25N0.75, indicating that anion vacancies created during the initial nitridation process of EuTiO2.82H0.18 play a crucial role in promoting anion (N3-/O2-) exchange at high temperatures. Hence, by using (hydride-induced) anion-deficient precursors, we should be able to expand the accessible anion composition of perovskite oxynitrides.

Contains fulltext : 171487.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) The infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue and their interaction with adipocytes are essential for the chronic low-grade inflammation of obese adipose tissue. In this study, we identified the serum amyloid A3 (Saa3) gene as a key adipocyte-derived factor that is affected by interaction with macrophages. We showed that the Saa3 promoter in adipocytes actually responds to activated macrophages in a co-culture system. Decreasing C/EBPbeta abundance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes or point mutation of C/EBPbeta elements suppressed the increased promoter activity in response to activated macrophages, suggesting an essential role of C/EBPbeta in Saa3 promoter activation. Bioluminescence based on Saa3 promoter activity in Saa3-luc mice was promoted in obese adipose tissue, showing that Saa3 promoter activity is most likely related to macrophage infiltration. This study suggests that the level of expression of the Saa3 gene could be utilized for the number of infiltrated macrophages in obese adipose tissue.

We report on the nonlinear magnetization dynamics of a HoFeO3 crystal induced by a strong terahertz magnetic field resonantly enhanced with a split ring resonator and measured with magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. The terahertz magnetic field induces a large change (~40%) in the spontaneous magnetization. The frequency of the antiferromagnetic resonance decreases in proportion to the square of the magnetization change. A modified Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with a phenomenological nonlinear damping term quantitatively reproduced the nonlinear dynamics.

International audience; In synthesizing mixed anion oxides, direct syntheses have often been employed, usually involving high temperature and occasionally high pressure. Compared with these methods, here we show how the use of a titanium perovskite oxyhydride (BaTiO2.5H0.5) as a starting material enables new multistep low temperature topochemical routes to access mixed anion compounds. Similar to labile ligands in inorganic complexes, the lability of H(-) provides the necessary reactivity for syntheses, leading to reactions and products previously difficult to obtain. For example, BaTiO2.5N0.2 can be prepared with the otherwise inert N2 gas at 400-600 °C, in marked contrast with currently available oxynitride synthetic routes. F(-)/H(-) exchange can also be accomplished at 150 °C, yielding the oxyhydride-fluoride BaTi(O, H, F)3. For BaTiO2.4D0.3F0.3, we find evidence that further anionic exchange with OD(-) yields BaTiO2.4(D(-))0.26(OD(-))0.34, which implies stable coexistence of H(+) and H(-) at ambient conditions. Such an arrangement is thermodynamically unstable and would be difficult to realize otherwise. These results show that the labile nature of hydride imparts reactivity to oxide hosts, enabling it to participate in new multistep reactions and form new materials

An ideal one-dimensional (1D) magnet is expected to show exotic quantum phenomena. For compounds with larger S (S = 3/2, 2, 5/2, ...), however, a small interchain interaction J' tends to drive a conventional long-range ordered (LRO) state. Here, a new layered structure of FeF3(4,4'-bpy) (4,4'-bpy = 4,4'-bipyridyl) with novel S = 5/2 (Fe(3+)) chains has been hydrothermally synthesized by using 4,4'-bpy to separate chains. The temperature-dependent susceptibility exhibits a broad maximum at high as 164 K, suggesting a fairly strong Fe-F-Fe intrachain interaction J. However, no anomaly associated with a LRO is seen in both magnetic susceptibility and specific heat even down to 2 K. This indicates an extremely small J' with J'/J3.2 × 10(-5), making this new material a nearly ideal 1D antiferromagnet. Mössbauer spectroscopy at 2.7 K reveals a critical slowing down of the 1D fluctuations toward a possible LRO at lower temperatures.

The aim of this study was to further examine the utility of mucin (MUC) expression profiles as prognostic factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).Mucin expression was examined by immunohistochemistry analysis in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration specimens obtained from 114 patients with PDAC. The rate of expression of each MUC was compared with clinicopathologic features.The expression rates of MUCs in cancer lesions were MUC1, 87.7%; MUC2, 0.8%; MUC4, 93.0%; MUC5AC, 78.9%; MUC6, 24.6%; and MUC16, 67.5%. MUC1 and MUC4 were positive, and MUC2 was negative in most PDACs. Patients with advanced stage of PDAC with MUC5AC expression had a significantly better outcome than those who were MUC5AC-negative (P = 0.002). With increasing clinical stage, total MUC6 expression decreased (P for trend = 0.001) and MUC16 cytoplasmic expression increased (P for trend = 0.02). The prognosis of patients with MUC16 cytoplasmic expression was significantly poorer than those without this expression. Multivariate survival analysis revealed that MUC16 cytoplasmic expression was a significant independent predictor of a poor prognosis after adjusting for the effects of other prognostic factors (P = 0.002).Mucin expression profiles in ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration specimens have excellent diagnostic utility and are useful predictors of outcome in patients with PDAC.

EuTiO3-xHx (x ≤ 0.3) is prepared by low temperature CaH2 reduction of Eu2Ti2O7 and EuTiO3 (475—650 °C, 2 d) and characterized by XRD and magnetic measurements.

FePO4 is an attractive rare-metal-free cathode active material. Simple and inexpensive new synthesis routes obtained from solution were investigated. P2O5 and Fe metal powders, both of which react in water at room temperature, were selected as inexpensive starting materials. Amorphous powders obtained through ball milling were annealed at various temperatures (100–650 °C) in air. IR spectra showed that PO4 tetrahedra units existed even in the amorphous matrix. XRD peaks of the trigonal FePO4 phase appeared above 500 °C. Reversible Fe3+/Fe2+ redox reactions in the amorphous and crystalline FePO4 were confirmed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. The heating temperature dependence of the cathode properties is reported.

The virtual reality is one in the intelligence information carrier technology. As the application to the education field of the virtual reality, we examine a support system for the calligraphy mastering. The purpose of this system is to realize the model where the information during writing progress can be real time displayed. As a result, we can learn calligraphy casually without being limited to the place and the time. We use 3-D computer graphics (CG) for the virtual image to decrease memory capacity and we examine about the learning effect of this system. We can not get the sense of the writing brush from the tablet pen of the conventional system. Therefore, we developed the writing brush type input device which is near the sense of the writing brush. Moreover, we developed the automatic animation generation processing used 3-D CG. The practice person can experience the subtle writing progress of calligraphy from the eye of calligraphy teacher using this animation. We are using a semitransparent screen and a half mirror instead of HMD to use in general VR. Practice persons improve at the short time by learning their writing brush forming die input pen synchronous with virtual writing brush.

The effect of Fe-site substitution on structural and physical properties of the infinite layer iron oxide SrFeO2 was investigated under high pressure by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and electrical resistance measurements using a diamond-anvil cell. Both 20% Mn- and Co-substituted samples exhibit spin transitions from a high-spin (S = 2) to an intermediate-spin (S = 1) state at Pc ∼ 32 GPa, which is much the same pressure 33 GPa observed in SrFeO2. This result indicates that the spin transition pressure is insensitive to the d-orbital electron counts [Mn2+ (d5), Fe2+ (d6), Co2+ (d7)], but is governed by the local structure around the Fe site.

We have measured the resistivity, the thermopower, and the specific heat of the weak ferromagnetic oxide CaRu0.8Sc0.2O3 in external magnetic fields up to 140 kOe below 80 K. We have observed that the thermopower Q is significantly suppressed by magnetic fields at around the ferromagnetic transition temperature of 30 K, and have further found that the magneto-thermopower {\Delta}Q(H, T) = Q(H, T) - Q(0, T) is roughly proportional to the magneto-entropy {\Delta}S(H, T) = S(H, T)-S(0, T).We discuss this relationship between the two quantities in terms of the Kelvin formula, and find that the observed {\Delta}Q is quantitatively consistent with the values expected from the Kelvin formula, a possible physical meaning of which is discussed., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures

Low-temperature reactions are a powerful approach to generate new transition metal oxides that are inaccessible by conventional high-temperature reactions. In this review, we describe the recent pr...

We report a rare case of a huge subacromial bursitis in rheumatoid arthritis. A solid tumor was initially suspected because it was very large with no apparent local sign of inflammation, and because no fluid retention was observed. We performed radiograms, a plain computed tomogram, a (99)mTc-MDP bone scintigram, a (67)Ga-citrate scintigram, and a digital subtraction arteriogram, which all indicated no evidence of tumor. Finally, a bursogram proved the mass to be a huge enlarged subacromial bursa. Surgical exploration revealed that the bursa contained 450 g of a yellowish, jelly-like substance, which was considered to be a thick collection of fibrin. No recurrence was noted at a follow-up 16 years after surgery.

Dislocation structures in LaNi5 after hydrogenation and uniaxial compression have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Numerous dislocations are introduced in LaNi5 in the first hydrogen absorption cycle. The majority of them are a-type edge dislocations with Burgers vectors of the 1/3〈11 2 0〉 types. These a-type edge dislocations introduced during the first absorption cycle seem to be misfit dislocations formed at interfaces between the LaNi5 matrix and hydride, since the result from uniaxial compression deformation indicates that the easiest slip system is slip on {1 1 00}[0001], which operates only above 800 °C and that a-type dislocations cannot move so easily in response to uniaxial mechanical stresses. Based on the results obtained, the roles of dislocations in the hydrogenation behavior as well as the relationship between the ductility of materials and the reproducibility of hydrogenation characteristics are discussed.

The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the touch smear cytology for the detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection compared with biological culture, immunohistochemistry and rapid urease test. 1) The diagnostic concordance rate of touch smear cytology compared with both immunohistochemistry and biological culture of the same specimen were 94.2% and 93.8%, respectively. Diagnosis using the touch smear cytology had no statistically significant relation with numbers of H. pylori in the samples determined by immunohistochemistry. 2) Compared with biologic culture, the sensitivity and specificity of rapid urease test were 85.0% and 96.3%, and that of touch smear cytology were 91.2%, 96.3%, respectively. 3) Two biopsies were taken from each lesion (all the patients had two lesions; at the body and antrum) and examined using touch smear cytology. In all the positive lesions, the two biopsies were positive and p value concerning the numbers of H. pylori was significant. In conclusion, touch smear cytology is considered to be one of the reliable methods for the detection of H. pylori infection because of its high accuracy rate, convenience, rapidity, low cost and stability.

The elastic energy associated with coherent precipitation of hydrides with various shapes in LaNi 5 has been calculated by the Eshelby method with the single-crystal elastic constants experimentally determined by a rectangular parallelepiped resonance method. The calculated elastic energy amounts to about 70% of the change in chemical energy that occurs upon hydride formation. This implies the difficulty for coherent hydrides to nucleate in the perfect lattice of LaNi 5 . This is in contrast to the case of titanium or zirconium, in which the associated elastic energies are only about 15% of the chemical energy change. Hydride precipitation in LaNi 5 is thus suggested to occur preferentially at free surfaces and lattice defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries.

Mouse monoclonal antibody FU-MK-1, raised against a human gastric adenocarcinoma, recognizes an antigen (termed MK-1 antigen) present on the majority of carcinomas. The present study aimed to identify the MK-1 molecule and to establish its relationship to other carcinoma antigens. Immunoprecipitation studies of human tumor cell lines revealed that FU-MK-1 recognizes a monomeric membrane glycoprotein with two forms, 40 kDa (major form) and 42 kDa (minor form), and with a molecular mass of 35 kDa following treatment with the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin. The partial amino acid sequence of a main fragment of the MK-1 molecule obtained by spontaneous cleavage under hypotonic conditions was examined, and the 17 contiguous NH 2-terminal amino acids were found to be identical with residues 81 –97 of the 314-residue GA733-2 protein [Szala et al.; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 87, 3542 –3546 (1990)]. Hence, the GA733-2 cDNA was cloned and the specificity of FU-MK-1 was confirmed using four recombinant forms of the GA733-2 antigen expressed in COS-1 cells. Immunoprecipitation with FU-MK-1 of the cell lysate transfected with the full-length GA733-2 cDNA revealed two bands corresponding to those obtained from the tumor cell lines. FU-MK-1 also precipitated three other recombinant proteins consisting of amino acids 1 – 265, 1–201, and 1–139 of the GA733-2 protein, respectively. Furthermore, immunoblotting analysis indicated that FU-MK-1 binds to a small fragment (6 kDa) generated from a tumor cell line under hypotonic conditions, suggesting that the FU-MK-1 epitope exists on the distal 6-kDa peptide of the extracellular domain of the GA733-2 molecule. We thus conclude that the MK-1 antigen is the GA733-2 antigen, which is currently being used as a target in clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies.

Stacking faults on basal planes as well as intergrowth structures in La5Ni19 and La2Ni7 have been characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM) and electron diffraction. Most stacking faults observed in La5Ni19 are of the inter-block-layer type in which the faulting in the stacking sequence of block layers occurs without changing the number of unit layers in each block layer. In contrast, most stacking faults observed in La2Ni7 are of the intra-block-layer type in which the faulting occurs in the number of unit layers in block layers, although some stacking faults of the inter-block-layer type are also observed. Intergrowth structures are commonly observed in as-cast alloys with compositions corresponding to La5Ni19 and La2Ni7. The implication of these results for increasing the hydrogen absorption rate of LaNi5-based alloys without significantly affecting hydrogen absorption/desorption properties described in terms of pressure-composition isotherms are discussed.

Mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) FU-MK-1, raised against a human gastric adenocarcinoma, recognizes a transmembrane antigen, GA733-2, present on most adenocarcinomas and seems to be of potential utility for immunodiagnosis and immunotherapy of those cancers. However, an inherent problem in their in vivo application is the human anti-mouse antibody response. In this study, we cloned and sequenced the variable region genes of the heavy and light chains (V(H) and Vkappa) of FU-MK-1 using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Then, we constructed a mouse/human chimeric antibody, designated as Ch FU-MK-1, by fusing the FU-MK-1 V(H) and Vkappa genes to the human Cgamma1 and Ckappa genes, respectively, and by ligating the chimeric H and L chain genes to each other in a mammalian cell expression vector. The final gene construct was transfected into mouse non-Ig-producing hybridoma cells by electroporation. The Ch FU-MK-1 antibody thus prepared bound to human adenocarcinoma cells and competitively inhibited the binding of the parental FU-MK-1 to the adenocarcinoma cells. Ch FU-MK-1 also showed a potent antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as effectors against the adenocarcinoma cells, indicating that this chimeric antibody seems to be suitable for in vivo therapeutic approaches.

A spin wave of HoFeO3 was excited by a terahertz magnetic near-field of a split ring resonator. The quantitative analysis shows that the spin wave was excited by the resonantly enhanced magnetic field.

We have studied magnetic and transport properties in polycrystalline CaRu1-xScxO3 for 0 =< x =< 0.20 in order to clarify the substitution effects of a non-magnetic trivalent ion. We find that a ferromagnetic transition with Tc = 30 K is observed in Sc-substituted samples. The composition dependence of the Curie-Weiss temperature implies that the magnetic susceptibility has a paramagnetic contribution with negative theta and a ferromagnetic contribution with positive theta. The field dependence of magnetization at 2 K is also understood as a summation of the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic components. These results suggest that CaRu1-xScxO3 is a non-uniform magnetic system. The relationship between the ferromagnetic ordering and the transport properties is also discussed., 13 pages, 6 figures

TiB 2 -Coated metal should be a very promising material for many purposes. One of the hardest problems on TiB 2 coating is to prevent cracking or stripping by thermal expansion gap between TiB 2 deposit and substrate. In this study, we have investigated the electroplating of TiB 2 in NaF-NaBF 4 eutectic melt(m.p.657K) with Na 2 TiF 6 or TiF 3 . The constant-potential electrolysis was carried out at various potentials. The electrodeposit was obtained at more negative potential than that of reduction of Ti(III) to Ti(II). The result of EPMA and XRD showed that the main ingredient of electrodeposit was TiB 2 . The morphology of electrodeposit changed remarkably at the potential where the cathodic current began to increase sharply in a voltammogram. The flat and adhesive deposit was obtained at more positive potential, while the electrodeposit became powdery at more negative potential. The morphology also changed with time, that is, the protuberant deposit grew with the current increase after a certain time even at the potential where the flat deposit was expected. The monitoring of current was important for depositing the thick and flat layer in this process, and the layer up to 50 μm was obtained under suitable conditions. The dependence ofthe morphology on Ti ion concentration or substrate was not critical in this process.

Japan’s industry-academia collaborations started against the backdrop of economic stagnation. A variety of legislation was passed, leading to the birth of technology licensing offices and head offices of intellectual property. However, industry-academia collaborations really started to take off in 2004. That is why it is too soon now to determine whether technology transfer contributes to innovation in Japan. However, the prospects for the future look bright if we take into consideration the fact that the number of licenses from universities has now reached the level that the United States was at 20 years ago and is continuing to grow steadily. Furthermore, promising university-based startup companies (university spin-offs) are continuing to form, and technology transfer intermediaries are continuing to learn and grow. Thus, technology transfer from universities to industry is likely to contribute to innovation.

The oxyhydride solid solutions (Ca,Sr)TiO(3-x)H(x) and (Sr,Ba)TiO(3-x)H(x) have been prepared by reducing the corresponding ATiO(3) oxides with calcium hydride. Under the reaction conditions examined, a hydride content of x = 0.1-0.3 was obtained for all compositions. Compared to our previous result with BaTiO(3-x)H(x), the larger particle size in this study (20-30 μm vs 170 nm) resulted in a somewhat lower hydride amount despite prolonged reaction times. We examined changes in cell volume, octahedral tilt angle, and site occupancy of different anion sites after conversion to oxyhydrides; it appears that these oxyhydrides fit the geometrical descriptions typical for regular ABO(3) perovskites quite well. The hydrogen release temperature, previously shown to be indicative of the hydride exchange temperature, however, does not scale linearly with the A-site composition, indicating a potential effect of chemical randomness.

Topochemical reduction of (layered) perovskite iron oxides with metal hydrides has so far yielded stoichiometric compositions with ordered oxygen defects with iron solely in FeO(4) square planar coordination. Using this method, we have successfully obtained a new oxygen-deficient perovskite, (Sr(1-x)Ba(x))FeO(2) (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 1.0), revealing that square planar coordination can coexist with other 3-6-fold coordination geometries. This BaFeO(2) structure is analogous to the LaNiO(2.5) structure in that one-dimensional octahedral chains are linked by planar units, but differs in that one of the octahedral chains contains a significant amount of oxygen vacancies and that all the iron ions are exclusively divalent in the high-spin state. Mössbauer spectroscopy demonstrates, despite the presence of partial oxygen occupations and structural disorders, that the planar-coordinate Fe(2+) ions are bonded highly covalently, which accounts for the formation of the unique structure. At the same time, a rigid 3D Fe-O-Fe framework contributes to structural stabilization. Powder neutron diffraction measurements revealed a G-type magnetic order with a drastic decrease of the Néel temperature compared to that of SrFeO(2), presumably due to the effect of oxygen disorder/defects. We also performed La substitution at the Ba site and found that the oxygen vacancies act as a flexible sink to accommodate heterovalent doping without changing the Fe oxidation and spin state, demonstrating the robustness of this new structure against cation substitution.

BaFeO3 is prepared from a mixture of Ba(NO3)2 and Fe(NO3)2 dissolved in water containing a fivefold excess of citric acid, propylene glycol, and ammonia (120 °C, 10 h).

We developed a new structural ion sensor for measuring sodium ions without using a reference electrode. The ion sensor, which is all solid state, has a structure of double electrodes inside the sodium ion sensitive membrane. The ion sensitivity of the sensor was 45 mV/decade in the range of 10 -1 to 10 -4 mol/l. To investigate the response mechanism of the potential between two electrodes, the impedance characteristic was measured using the electrochemical impedance method. The impedance of the ion sensitive membrane changed by changing the sodium ion concentration in solution. These results suggest a correlation between the membrane potential and the membrane impedance. In conclusion, ions in the ion sensitive membrane result in the potential gradient of the ion sensitive membrane.

The quaternary pyrochlore ruthenates, Bi2-xLnxRu2O7 (Ln = Pr-Lu), have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray Rietveld structure refinement and electrical conductivity measurements. Room temperature resistivities increase with x, and a change from metallic to semiconducting behavior is observed between x = 1.2 and 1.4. In this composition region, smooth change from metallic to semiconducting behavior was observed at 40-80 K for the Pr-Sm systems, whereas no change was observed for the Dy and Y systems. Lattice parameters increase with x in the systems with larger rare earth cations (Pr, Nd), and decrease with x in the systems with smaller rare earth cations (Sm, Dy). However, the room-temperature structure analysis indicated similar structural changes in these solid solutions; the Ru-O bond length in the RuO6 octahedra increases, the distortion of the RuO6 octahedra increases, and the bend in the RuO6 zig-zag chains increases with increasing Ln contents. This corresponds to the change from metallic to semiconducting behavior around x = 1.2-1.4. The RuO6 octahedra distortion and the bend in the RuO6 zig-zag chains increase in the order Lu → Pr. The semiconductor-metal transition is discussed from the structural changes.

n removable prosthetic dentistry, the interrelations among anatomical landmarks, which can give significant information for diagnosis, can be observed on an orthopantomogram.This study was to investigate how to use an orthopantomogram in prosthetic therapy.Veraview (J.Morita Corp., Tokyo) was used as panoramic equipment.The removable hand-made ear-rods that attach to the plates supporting the temples, were used to ensure correct posture of the head, with the forehead rest.First, the effects of posture of the head in the equipment on the image were examined experimen-tally by using dry skulls, one with dentulous ridges and the other with edentulous ridges.Theposture depends on the positions and angle of the antero-posterior direction.Secondly, 63 orthopantomograms of students in our dental school were traced.The interrelations among certain anatomical landmarks on those traces were analyzed linearly and angularly.Finally, the measurements from the orthopantomograms of the students were used to make a diagnosis of the occlusal plane and vertical dimension for old and new dentures of an edentulous patient.This study indicates that the analyzing method, on the traces of orthopantomograms, was useful for the diagnosis of the occlusal plane and vertical dimension in edentulous patients.

We study the low-temperature properties of a classical Heisenberg model with site-random interlayer couplings on the cubic lattice. This model is introduced as a simplified effective model of Sr(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$)O$_2$, which was recently synthesized. In this material, when $x=0.3$, $(\pi\pi\pi)$ and $(\pi\pi0)$ mixed ordering is observed by neutron diffraction measurements. By Monte Carlo simulations, we find an exotic bulk spin structure that explains the experimentally obtained results. We name this spin structure the "random fan-out state". The mean-field calculations provide an intuitive understanding of this phase being induced by the site-random interlayer couplings. Since Rietveld analysis assuming the random fan-out state agrees well with the neutron diffraction pattern of Sr(Fe$_{0.7}$Mn$_{0.3}$)O$_2$, we conclude that the random fan-out state is reasonable for the spin-ordering pattern of Sr(Fe$_{0.7}$Mn$_{0.3}$)O$_2$ at the low-temperature phase., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures

We are investigating a new class of penetration enhancers that enable poorly membrane-permeable molecules physically mixed with them to effectively penetrate cell membranes without their concomitant cellular uptake. Since we previously revealed that poly(N-vinylacetamide-co-acrylic acid) modified with d -octaarginine, which is a typical cell-penetrating peptide, significantly enhanced the nasal absorption of insulin, we examined the performance of the polymers on cell membranes. When Caco-2 cells were incubated with 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) for 30 min, approximately 0.1% of applied CF was internalized into the cells. This poor membrane permeability was dramatically enhanced by d -octaarginine-linked polymers; a 25-fold increase in the cellular uptake of CF was observed when the polymer concentration was adjusted to 0.2 mg/mL. None of the individual components, for example, d -octaarginine, had any influence on CF uptake, demonstrating that only d -octaarginine anchored chemically to the polymeric platform enhanced the membrane permeation of CF. The polymer-induced CF uptake was consistently high even when the incubation time was extended to 120 min. Confocal laser scanning microphotographs of cells incubated with d -octaarginine-linked polymers bearing rhodamine red demonstrated that the cell outline was stained with red fluorescence. The polymer-induced CF uptake was significantly suppressed by 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride, which is an inhibitor of macropinocytosis. Results indicated that d -octaarginine-linked polymers remained on the cell membrane and poorly membrane-permeable CF was continuously internalized into cells mainly via macropinocytosis repeated for the individual peptidyl branches in the polymer backbone.

Magnetic attraction: The cubic perovskite BaFeO(3) (see picture, Ba blue, Fe brown, O white), which is obtained by a low-temperature reaction using ozone as an oxidant, exhibits ferromagnetism with a fairly large moment of 3.5 μ(B) per Fe ion above a small critical field of approximately 0.3 T. This specific ferromagnetism is attributed to the enhancement of O→Fe charge transfer that arises from deepening of the Fe(4+) d levels.

International audience; We investigated the Fe-site substitution effect on the structural and magnetic properties of the infinite layer iron oxide Sr(Fe(1-x)M(x))O(2) (M = Co, Mn) using synchrotron X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and (57)Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. Both systems have a similar solubility limit of x approximate to 0.3, retaining the ideal infinite layer structure with a space group of P4/mmm. For the Fe-Co system, both in-plane and out-of-plane axes decrease linearly and only slightly with x, reflecting the ionic radius difference between Fe(2+) and Co(2+). For the Fe-Mn system the lattice evolution also follows Vegard's law but is anisotropic: the in-plane axis increases, while the out-of-plane decreases prominently. The magnetic properties are little influenced by Co substitution. On the contrary, Mn substitution significant reduction and a large distribution of the hyperfine field frustration induced presumably by a ferromagnetic out-of-plane drastically destabilizes the G-type magnetic order, featured by a in the Mossbauer spectra, which suggests the presence of magnetic Mn-Fe interaction.

The layered compound SrFeO(2) with an FeO(4) square-planar motif exhibits an unprecedented pressure-induced spin state transition (S = 2 to 1), together with an insulator-to-metal (I-M) and an antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic (AFM-FM) transition. In this work, we have studied the pressure effect on the structural, magnetic, and transport properties of the structurally related two-legged spin ladder Sr(3)Fe(2)O(5). When pressure was applied, this material first exhibited a structural transition from Immm to Ammm at P(s) = 30 ± 2 GPa. This transition involves a phase shift of the ladder blocks from (1/2,1/2,1/2) to (0,1/2,1/2), by which a rock-salt type SrO block with a 7-fold coordination around Sr changes into a CsCl-type block with 8-fold coordination, allowing a significant reduction of volume. However, the S = 2 antiferromagnetic state stays the same. Next, a spin state transition from S = 2 to S = 1, along with an AFM-FM transition, was observed at P(c) = 34 ± 2 GPa, similar to that of SrFeO(2). A sign of an I-M transition was also observed at pressure around P(c). These results suggest a generality of the spin state transition in square planar coordinated S = 2 irons of n-legged ladder series Sr(n+1)Fe(n)O(2n+1) (n = 1, 2, 3, ...). It appears that the structural transition independently occurs without respect to other transitions. The necessary conditions for a structural transition of this type and possible candidate materials are discussed.

The results of treatment of patellar fractures with the Herbert Screw were reviewed retrospectively to clarify the usefulness of this screw.Three patients had open reduction and internal fixation with the screw. The other two patients were established non-unions of the patella, so they had bone-grafting with internal fixation. None of the patients required external fixation after surgery and knee exercises were encouraged as soon as possible.Three fractures healed primarily and all of these three achieved a painless knee which had a full range-of-motion. Both cases of non-union achieved a solid union clinically as well as radiologically.By using guide wires and X-ray images, this screw could be driven safely and accurately, and bone fragments could be fixed solidly. In addition, as they were buried in the bones, no irritable symptoms caused by screw heads developed after surgery and therefore removal of the screw was not required in any cases. However this screw could not be used for comminuted fractures of the patella.

A 65-year-old woman was admitted with upper abdominal pain and pyrexia. She was given a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and treated with intravenous infusion. After recovering, abdominal enhanced-CT showed a low density area in the head of the pancreas, measuring 2 cm in maximum dimension. Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) revealed acinar cell carcinoma (ACC). She underwent curative subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. The definitive diagnosis, based on the histopathological examinations including immunohistochemical staining, was ACC. ACC of the pancreas is extremely rare, occurring in approximately 1% of all cases of pancreatic neoplasm. We report a rare case diagnosed as ACC by EUS-FNA prior to surgical treatment.

We have studied the A-site substitution effect on the structural, thermal, and magnetic properties of the infinite layer iron oxide AFeO(2) (A = alkali-earth elements) with an FeO(4) square-planar coordination. Together with the previous study showing a total substitution by Ca, Ba substitution is found to be tolerable up to 30%, presenting almost the same substitutional range as that found in ACuO(2) under high pressure. Notably, Ba substitution shows little influence on the magnetic properties, in contrast to expectations from first principles calculations. The temperature at which oxidation to an AFeO(2.5) phase occurs and its transformation rate show a wide variation tunable solely by the out-of-plane distance.

We report muon spin relaxation $(\ensuremath{\mu}\text{SR})$ and magnetic-susceptibility measurements on $\text{Cu}(\text{Cl},\text{Br})\text{La}{(\text{Nb},\text{Ta})}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$, which demonstrate: (a) the absence of static magnetism in $(\text{CuCl}){\text{LaNb}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ down to 15 mK confirming a spin-gapped ground state; (b) phase separation between partial volumes with a spin-gap and static magnetism in $(\text{CuCl})\text{La}{(\text{Nb},\text{Ta})}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$; (c) history-dependent magnetization in the (Nb,Ta) and (Cl,Br) substitution systems; (d) a uniform long-range collinear antiferromagnetic state in $(\text{CuBr}){\text{LaNb}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$; and (e) a decrease in N\'eel temperature with decreasing Br concentration $x$ in $\text{Cu}({\text{Cl}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Br}}_{x}){\text{LaNb}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{7}$ with no change in the ordered Cu moment size for $0.33\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}1$. Together with several other $\ensuremath{\mu}\text{SR}$ studies of quantum phase transitions in geometrically frustrated spin systems, the present results reveal that the evolution from a spin-gap to a magnetically ordered state is often associated with phase separation and/or a first-order phase transition.