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154. Interactions among osteoblastic cells, Staphylococcus aureus, and chitosan-immobilized titanium implants in a postoperative coculture system: An in vitro study.

Author

Ghimire, Niranjan, Foss, Berit L., Sun, Yuyu, and Deng, Ying

Abstract

Biomaterial-related infections (BRIs) have become a major challenge in the field of orthopedic implants. In this study, we delved into the problem of BRI and attempted to reduce the possibility of BRI incidence via surface modification of titanium (Ti) with chitosan (SA-CS-Ti). To comprehensively evaluate the anti-infection potential of SA-CS-Ti, we first constructed a postoperative infection (POI) model with varying concentrations of bacteria (102 CFU/sample and 104 CFU/sample) and a constant number of SaOS-2 cells (105/sample). Then, we biologically characterized the interactions between the SaOS-2 cells, bacteria, and different Ti implants using the POI model. The results from the osteoblastic cell and bacterial attachment tests demonstrated that the SA-CS-Ti surfaces exhibit superior osteogenic behavior relative to other Ti surfaces studied while showing significant anti-infective activities in the POI model with a low infection ratio (bacteria: cell ratio of 0.001:1) 30 min after infection. Additionally, the SA-CS-Ti surfaces showed significantly reduced ( p < 0.05) bacteria proliferation compared to the control Ti surfaces (UN-Ti), demonstrating their antifouling property. The significantly increased ( p < 0.05) sensitivity of Staphylococcus. aureus adhered to the SA-CS-Ti surfaces against cefazolin (1 mg/L treatment) and gentamicin (10 mg/L and 100 mg/L treatment) in the coculture system augmented potential of SA-CS-Ti to be used as orthopedic implants. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 586-594, 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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180. Expression of Peroxiredoxin 1 After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.

Author

Huang, Shen, Liu, Xiaojuan, Zhang, Jinlong, Bao, Guofeng, Xu, Guanhua, Sun, Yuyu, Shen, Qijie, Lian, Min, Huang, Yuwei, and Cui, Zhiming

Subjects
GLIOSIS, SPINAL cord injuries, PEROXIREDOXINS, ASTROCYTES, CELL proliferation
Abstract

Reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis after spinal cord injury (SCI) contribute to glial scar formation that impedes axonal regeneration. The mechanisms underlying reactive astrocyte and microglia proliferation upon injury remain partially understood. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is an antioxidant participating in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, PRDX1 functions in SCI-induced astrocyte and microglia proliferation are unknown. In this study, we established an acute spinal cord contusion injury model in adult rats to investigate the potential role of PRDX1 during the pathological process of SCI. We found the palpable expression increase of PRDX1 after SCI by western blot and immunohistochemistry staining. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that PRDX1 expression mainly increased in astrocytes and microglia. In addition, PRDX1/proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) colocalized in astrocytes and microglia. Furthermore, PCNA expression also elevated after SCI, as well as was positively correlated with PRDX1 expression. In vitro, PRDX1 expression in primary rat spinal cord astrocytes and microglia changed in a concentration- and time-dependent manner according to LPS treatment. In addition, PRDX1 knockdown in astrocytes and microglia resulted in the decrease of PCNA expression after LPS stimulation, showing that PRDX1 promoted astrocyte and microglia proliferation after inflammation. Our results suggested that PRDX1 might play a crucial role in astrocyte and microglia proliferation after SCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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