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166. Modulation instabilities in equilateral three-core optical fibers for isosceles-triangle symmetric continuous waves

Author

Li Jin-Hua, Xu Hui, Sun Ting-Ting, and Pei Shi-Xin

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Optical fiber, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Equilateral triangle, 01 natural sciences, Instability, Computational physics, law.invention, Core (optical fiber), law, 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), Isosceles triangle, Continuous wave, 0210 nano-technology, Coupling coefficient of resonators
Abstract

Modulation instability (MI) of the isosceles-triangle symmetric continuous wave in equilateral three-core fibers (ETCFs) is studied in detail. The so-called isosceles-triangle symmetric continuous wave state is the planar wave where the fields in its two cores are identical but different from the field in the third core, and the premise of its existence is that the total power (P) exceeds a minimum value (Pmin) that depends on the linear coupling coefficient and nonlinear coefficient of ETCFs. For a given total power P (P ≥ qslant Pmin), set the power in one core to be P1, and the powers in the other two cores to be P2 (P=P1 + 2P2), then two kinds of filed distributions will be found. The first kind is for P1 > P2 with P1 becoming more and more large as total power P increases. By the linear stability analysis method, the main characteristics of MI in ETCFs are found which are quite similar to those of the asymmetric continuous wave states in two core optical fibers (TCFs). The other kind is that P1 becomes more and more small and P2 becomes more and more large as total power P increases. Through the same method, the main characteristics of MI in ETCFs are found which are distinctively different from those of the asymmetric continuous wave states in TCFs. On the one hand, MI can be generated in both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes without perturbations. In addition, the zero-perturbation frequency corresponds to the largest gain of MI in the normal dispersion regime. On the other hand, the coupling coefficient dispersion, which can dramatically modify the spectra of MI in TCFs, plays a minor role in both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes in ETCFs. In practical application, the findings in this paper are of guiding significance for studying the nonlinear effects of mode-division multiplexing system based on the multimode or multicore optical fibers.

Published
2018
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167. Preventive Effects of Alprostadil Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Inpatients With Renal Insufficiency Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Author

Yang, Shi-Cheng, primary, Fu, Nai-Kuan, additional, Zhang, Jing, additional, Liang, Min, additional, Cong, Hong-Liang, additional, Lin, Wen-Hua, additional, Tian, Feng-Shi, additional, Lu, Cheng-Zhi, additional, Sun, Ting-Ting, additional, Zhang, Wen-Ya, additional, and Ma, Zhen-Hua, additional

Published
2017
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175. A Dual-Wavelength Cladding-Pumped Er 3+ /Yb 3+ Codoped Fibre Laser System with More Than 2 W Output and Tunable Wavelength Spacing

Author

Yuan Shu-Zhong, Zhang Chun-Shu, LU Yun-Fei, Liu Yan-Ge, Sun Ting-Ting, Dong Xiao-Yi, and Kai Gui-Yun

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Optics, General Physics and Astronomy, Cladding (fiber optics), Laser, law.invention, Wavelength, Optics, law, Fiber laser, Optoelectronics, Laser power scaling, Wideband, business, Lasing threshold, Optical attenuator
Abstract

A dual-wavelength laser system with wideband tunable wavelength spacing and more than 2 W output power is proposed and demonstrated. The operation principle of the laser system is based on the saturation gain characteristic of a cladding-pumped Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped fibre amplifier combining with a wideband tunable fibre laser with flat power spectrum. The tuning range of the wavelength spacing is continuous within a 35 nm spectral range, and the power difference between both lasing wavelengths can be easily adjusted and controlled by a variable optical attenuator. The total output power can approximately keep unchangeable when the wavelength spacing and the power difference between both lasing wavelengths are continuously tuned and changed. The maximum total output power of the laser system is about 2.22 W.

Published
2006
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176. The polar anchoring energy of nematic liquid crystals with polyvinylidene fluoride alignment layer.

Author

Wang, Yi-Fei, Sun, Ting-Ting, Guo, Yu-Qiang, Gao, Liang, Hao, Sheng-Zhen, Ye, Wen-Jiang, Zhu, Ji-Liang, and Sun, Yu-Bao

Subjects
*POLYVINYLIDENE fluoride, *LIQUID crystal devices, *NEMATIC liquid crystals, *LIQUID crystals
Abstract

It has been proved that the high dielectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) could be used as an alignment layer in liquid crystal device. In this paper, the transmittance, pretilt angle and the polar anchoring energy of the substrates with PVDF alignment layer were researched. Theoretical results and the experimental results about the reflectivity RSS (polarisation-conserving signals) recorded by full-leaky guided mode in liquid crystal technique are analysed to evaluate the anchoring energy of PVDF alignment layer. The result shows that the polar anchoring energy between PVDF alignment layer and liquid crystal molecules is 2.80 × 10−4 J/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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177. Simulations of Effect of High-Index Materials on Highly Birefringent Photonic Crystal Fibres

Author

Yuan Shu-Zhong, Wang Zhi, Kai Gui-Yun, Liu Yan-Ge, Zhang Chun-Shu, Dong Xiao-Yi, Sun Ting-Ting, and Liu Jianguo

Subjects
Total internal reflection, Optics, Materials science, Birefringence, business.industry, Band gap, High index, Phase (waves), General Physics and Astronomy, business, High group, Yablonovite, Photonic crystal fibre
Abstract

Novel highly birefringent photonic bandgap fibres (PBGFs) are obtained by filling of a high index material in the air holes of total internal reflection birefringent photonic crystal fibres. The effect of the filling high index material on the transmission characteristics has been theoretically investigated. The photonic bandgap has been achieved by using plane-wave method. Moreover, the phase and group modal birefringence have been studied by a full-vector finite-element method. Numerical results show that very high group and phase modal birefringence with magnitude of order of 10−2 and 10−3 has been respectively acquired, which is much higher than those of the non-filled fibres. Furthermore, strong coupling between surface modes and the fundamental modes has been found in the bandgap of the birefringent PBGFs, whose effect on the birefringence and confinement loss has also been discussed.

Published
2005
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178. Crystal structure of poly-[aqua-μ 2-aqua-μ 2-(4,4′-oxybis(benzoato)-κ 4 O,O′:O′′,O′′′)cadmium(II)], C14H12O7Cd

Author

Sun Ting-Ting, Xiao Wei, Wang Yi-Hua, Bao Guang-Ming, Hu Chun-Yan, and Yuan Hou-Qun

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, Cadmium, chemistry, 010405 organic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, General Materials Science, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

C14H12O7Cd, orthorhombic, Ima2 (no. 46), a = 30.715(3) Å, b = 7.8833(8) Å, c = 5.8202(6) Å, V = 1409.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0159, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0400, T = 296(2) K.

Published
2016
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182. Preventive Effects of Alprostadil Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Inpatients With Renal Insufficiency Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Author

Yang, Shi-Cheng, Fu, Nai-Kuan, Zhang, Jing, Liang, Min, Cong, Hong-Liang, Lin, Wen-Hua, Tian, Feng-Shi, Lu, Cheng-Zhi, Sun, Ting-Ting, Zhang, Wen-Ya, and Ma, Zhen-Hua

Subjects
KIDNEY disease prevention, CHI-squared test, CHRONIC kidney failure, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, VASODILATORS, MULTIPLE regression analysis, TREATMENT effectiveness, DATA analysis software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ODDS ratio
Abstract

We investigated the preventive effect of alprostadil on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 300 patients with creatinine clearance (crCl) ≤60 mL/min undergoing PCI were randomly assigned to alprostadil or a control group. The primary end point was the incidence of CIN defined as an increase in serum creatinine (Scr) levels by ≥0.5 mg/dL or≥ 25% after administration of the contrast media within 72 hours. The secondary end points were (1) changes in Scr and crCl within 72 hours and (2) the incidence of major adverse events during hospitalization. The incidence of CIN was 2.7% (4/150) in the alprostadil group, and 8.7% (13/150) in the control group (χ2 = 5.05, P = .043).There was no difference regarding the incidence of major adverse events during hospitalization between the alprostadil group and control groups (2.7% vs 4.0%, P = .750). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alprostadil was an independent protective factor for CIN (odds ratio = 0.136, 95% confidence interval: 0.020-0.944, P = .044). Prophylactic administration of alprostadil may prevent CIN in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing PCI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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190. Existence of Positive Solutions to a Nonlocal Boundary Value Problem with <graphic file='1687-1847-2010-809497-i1.gif'/>-Laplacian onTime Scales

Author

Sun Ting-Ting, Wang Lin-Lin, and Fan Yong-Hong

Subjects
TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, lcsh:Mathematics, Data_FILES, lcsh:QA1-939
Abstract

The nonlocal boundary value problem, with -Laplacian of the form , has been considered. Two existence criteria of at least one and three positive solutions are presented. The first one is based on the Four functionals fixed point theorem in the work of R. Avery et al. (2008), and the second one is based on the Five functionals fixed point theorem. Meanwhile an example is worked out to illustrate the main result.

Published
2010

191. QM/ MM( ABEEM) Study on the Ligand Substitution Processes of Ruthenium( III) Complex NAMI-A.

Author

Li, Hui, Sun, Ting-Ting, Zhang, Chao, Liu, Linlin, Zhao, Dongxia, and Yang, Zhongzhi

Subjects
*COMPUTATIONAL chemistry, *REACTION mechanisms (Chemistry), *LIGANDS (Chemistry), *RUTHENIUM, *HYDROLYSIS
Abstract

QM combined with ABEEMσπ (atom-bond electronegativity equalization method) fluctuating charge polarizable force field [ QM/ MM( ABEEM)] has been employed to investigate the hydrolysis mechanism of ruthenium( III) complex NAMI-A. Eleven possible hydrolysis paths of NAMI-A and its hydrolysates have been unveiled. Structures obtained by QM/ MM ( ABEEM) method were used to calculate the activation free energy by free energy perturbation theory. Based on analysis of structures and activation free energies, it is found that the rate of DMSO dissociation is faster than that of Cl− dissociation in the first step, which is in agreement with experimental results. Hydrolysates of the first step continue to hydrolyze with lower activation free energies than that of the first hydrolysis step, but the trans-position Cl− hydrolysis in the second step needs more time to perform. This can account for experimental phenomenon reasonably. We have simulated further hydrolysis paths of the hydrolysates, then found that both Cl− dissociation and DMSO dissociation take place in the third hydrolysis step and [ RuCl( H2O)4(Im)]2+ is the main solute in aqueous solution after the fourth hydrolysis step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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192. Relativistic extension of the complex scaled Green's function method for resonances in deformed nuclei.

Author

Shi, Min, Shi, Xin-Xing, Niu, Zhong-Ming, Sun, Ting-Ting, and Guo, Jian-You

Subjects
RELATIVISTIC particles, GREEN'S functions, NUCLEAR shapes, EXOTIC nuclei, NUCLEAR deformation
Abstract

We have extended the complex scaled Green's function method to the relativistic framework describing deformed nuclei with the theoretical formalism presented in detail. We have checked the applicability and validity of the present formalism for exploration of the resonances in deformed nuclei. Furthermore, we have studied the dependences of resonances on nuclear deformations and the shape of potential, which are helpful to recognize the evolution of resonant levels from stable nuclei to exotic nuclei with axially quadruple deformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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193. Study on preparation and properties of organic-montmorillonite modified epoxy nanocomposites

Author

Sun Ting-ting, Hu Qing-juan, Zhang Xiaohong, Hu Chun-xiu, and Zhang Mingyan

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Nanocomposite, Materials science, Izod impact strength test, Epoxy, Dielectric, Polymer, chemistry.chemical_compound, Montmorillonite, Chemical engineering, chemistry, visual_art, Polymer chemistry, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Dispersion (chemistry), Alkyl
Abstract

Montmorillonite (MMT) modified with alkyl ammonium ions was dispersed in an epoxy/methyl nadic anhydride (MNA) system to form epoxy/MMT composites. Processing conditions of the composites were optimized by the orthogonal experimental design. The dispersion of the MMT in the epoxy resins was investigated by X-ray diffraction and AFM. The mechanical and dielectric properties were analyzed. The results showed that with respect to the pure epoxy, the impact strength of the composites was improved approximately 12.4%. The increase of the /spl epsi//sub r/ and tan/spl delta/ with the temperature was delayed owing to the mobility of polymer chains was restricted between the layers of MMT.

Published
2005
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