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151. Influence of structural parameters to polarization-independent color-filter behavior in ultrathin Ag films

Author

J.Z. Jiang, Liu-San Wang, Shi Bin, Dongxian Zhang, Ye Ming, Qi Wu, Shumin M. Yang, Yuxiao Xu, Hans-Jörg Fecht, X. Li, Sun Libin, R. Z. Tai, Hu Xiaolin, Yaming Wu, and Jiawang Zhao

Subjects
Materials science, Subtractive color, Nanohole, business.industry, Additive color, Polarization (waves), Surface plasmon polariton, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optics, Color gel, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Visible spectrum
Abstract

Very recently, the subtractive color filters with transmission efficiencies of 60 similar to 70% at visible wavelengths, observed in ultrathin (30 nm-thick) Ag film with one dimensional (1D) nanogratings, have been reported, which fundamentally differ from existing additive color filters. However, subtractive color filters with ultrathin 1D Ag nanogratings are strongly dependent on the polarization of light source, which might be undesirable for many applications. In this work, we present polarization-independent subtractive color filters of Ag films with various two-dimensional nanohole arrays. The dependences of color filter properties on film thickness, hole array period and the ratio of hole diameter to period were systematically studied. We found that color filter properties strongly correlate with film thickness and hole array period, and are insensitive to the ratio of hole diameter to period studied here. Possible mechanisms are discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

160. High throughput fabrication of large-area plasmonic color filters by soft-X-ray interference lithography

Author

Li-Qiang Wang, Hu Xiaolin, Jianzhong Jiang, Jun Zhao, Qingjun Wu, Sun Libin, Shumin Yang, Liansheng Wang, Dongxian Zhang, Renzhong Tai, and Hans-Jörg Fecht

Subjects
Materials science, Fabrication, business.industry, Aperture, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Surface plasmon polariton, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Interference lithography, 010309 optics, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Color filter array, 0210 nano-technology, business, Electron-beam lithography, Plasmon, Localized surface plasmon
Abstract

Plasmonic color filters in mass production have been restricted from current fabrication technology, which impede their applications. Soft-X-ray interference lithography (XIL) has recently generated considerable interest as a newly developed technique for the production of periodic nano-structures with resolution theoretically below 4 nm. Here we ameliorate XIL by adding an order sorting aperture and designing the light path properly to achieve perfect-stitching nano-patterns and fast fabrication of large-area color filters. The fill factor of nanostructures prepared on ultrathin Ag films can largely affect the transmission minimum of plasmonic color filters. By changing the fill factor, the color can be controlled flexibly, improving the utilization efficiency of the mask in XIL simultaneously. The calculated data agree well with the experimental results. Finally, an underlying mechanism has been uncovered after systematically analyzing the localized surface plasmon polaritons (LSPPs) coupling in electric field distribution.

Published
2016

169. Angle-insensitive plasmonic color filters with randomly distributed silver nanodisks

Author

Shi Bin, Ye Ming, Jun Zhao, Jianzhong Jiang, Beibei Zeng, Renzhong Tai, Dongxian Zhang, Hans-Jörg Fecht, Shumin Yang, Liansheng Wang, Sun Libin, and Hu Xiaolin

Subjects
Materials science, Subtractive color, business.industry, Palette (computing), Physics::Optics, Extraordinary optical transmission, Surface plasmon polariton, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Optics, Color gel, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Color filter array, business, Plasmon, Localized surface plasmon
Abstract

Plasmonic color filters inherently suffer from angular sensitiveness, which hinder them from practical applications. Here, we present a plasmonic subtractive color filter incorporating two-dimensional randomly distributed silver nanodisks on top of a glass substrate. Due to the elimination of structural periodicity, the proposed plasmonic color filter works via localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and thus enables excellent angle-insensitive (up to 60°) performance. In addition, uncoupled LSPRs between nanodisks guarantee stability and reproducibility of the color filter. Finally, a palette of colors across the visible region was obtained with the proposed color filters by simply varying the diameter of nanodisks, exhibiting a promising and robust applicability in digital imaging and sensing industries.

Published
2015

171. Investigation on the oxidation behavior and multi-step reaction mechanism of nuclear graphite SNG742

Author

Lu, Wei, Li, Xiaowei, Wu, Xinxin, Sun, Libin, and Li, Zhengcao

Abstract

ABSTRACTGas chromatography and numerical methods were used to investigate the oxidation behavior of SNG742 nuclear grade graphite at 500–1100°C with different oxidizing gas flow rates. A four-step overall reaction mechanism was used to describe the graphite oxidation reaction process, which reasonably explains the peak of CO mole fraction at around 700°C with lower flow rates. The kinetic parameters of apparent oxidation reaction and four-step reaction mechanism of SNG742 graphite were obtained through curve fitting of the measured data. The apparent activation energy of SNG742 nuclear graphite is 200.7 ± 14.2 kJ/mol. The effects of temperature and gas velocity on the oxidation rate were analyzed. The graphite oxidation process was effectively simulated using CFD method with porous media model and the four-step reaction mechanism. The simulation results show that increasing the gas flow rate can reduce the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer and influence the diffusion control regime of graphite oxidation. The four-step overall reaction mechanism can better describe the graphite oxidation process than the one-step overall reaction. The porous medium model can effectively simulate the mass diffusion process and surface chemical reaction in the interior porous region of the graphite.

Published
2020
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172. Mechanistic investigation of the interface crystallization behavior of amorphous-Co bonding phase under thermal conditions and its impact on cohesive strength via new phase precipitation

Author

Wang, Dexin, Liu, Qu, Qian, Chengkai, Li, Zheng, Li, Kejian, Sun, Libin, Dang, Xiaoyong, and Cai, Zhipeng

Abstract

This study employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scratch testing to explore the interface crystallization behavior of amorphous-Co under thermal conditions and the impact of new phase precipitation on the cohesive strength of WC/Co coatings. Microstructural analysis revealed the phase transformation induced by heat treatment, as amorphous-Co gradually transformed into the η-phase, with the transition starting at 873 K and completed at 1173 K. The results of the scratch testing indicated that appropriate heat treatment could enhance the coating's cohesive strength and thereby improve its performance under certain conditions. Nonetheless, at 873 K, the early stage of η-phase nucleation exhibited elastic strain, leading to an abnormal decrease in the coating's cohesive strength. MD simulation results demonstrated that the crystallization of amorphous-Co primarily occurred at the WC/Co interface, and the ideal fracture energy (Wsep) increased with increasing heat-treatment temperature. However, after heat treatment at 873 K, the Wsepbetween the atomic layers within amorphous-Co slightly decreased and was reflected as a decrease in the coating's cohesive strength at the macroscopic level.

Published
2024
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173. Regulating ice formation for enhancing frozen food quality: Materials, mechanisms and challenges.

Author

Sun, Libin, Zhu, Zhiwei, and Sun, Da-Wen

Subjects
*FROZEN foods, *FOOD quality, *ICE crystals, *RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy), *ICE, *SACCHARIDES, *FOOD texture
Abstract

Freezing reduces the temperature of the food system and extends the shelf life of food. However, the inevitable formation of ice crystals could impact food quality. Small-size ice crystals are more acceptable in frozen foods than large aggregates with irregular shapes. Undesired ice crystals could not only change food structure and cause serious quality deterioration, including texture alteration, nutrient loss and off-flavour. Ice-regulating materials have been proven to regulate ice nucleation, growth and recrystallization, which show promising applications in the food industry. The theoretical information on ice formation, particularly ice nucleation and recrystallization, was described. Current ice-regulating materials, such as active proteins, saccharides, and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), and their mechanisms of regulating ice formation were summarized. Based on the ice damage to foodstuffs with different microstructures, the applications of active ice-regulating materials in improving the quality of frozen food were also discussed. Ice-regulating materials showed superior actions in regulating ice formation and their addition alleviated ice damage and improved the quality of frozen foods by accelerating or inhibiting freezing. Moreover, the current challenges and future perspectives of ice formation regulation for high-efficiency food freezing were proposed. • The theory of ice nucleation and recrystallization is presented. • The mechanisms of ice-binding materials regulating ice formation are summarized. • Ice-binding materials enhance the quality of frozen food. • The safety concerns of ice-binding materials as food ingredients are discussed. • Challenges and perspectives of ice regulation for food freezing are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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174. Plasmonic reflection color filters with metallic random nanostructures

Author

Hao Jia, X. L. Hu, Liusan Wang, Sun Libin, Qingyin Wu, J.Z. Jiang, Liangjing Wang, R. Z. Tai, Songlan Yang, Hans-Jörg Fecht, and D.X. Zhang

Subjects
Materials science, Silicon, Physics::Optics, chemistry.chemical_element, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Polariton, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hydrogen silsesquioxane, Plasmon, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Optoelectronics, Color filter array, 0210 nano-technology, business, Visible spectrum, Localized surface plasmon
Abstract

We develop reflective color filters with randomly distributed nanodisks and nanoholes fabricated with hydrogen silsesquioxane and Ag films on silicon substrate. They exhibit high resolution, angle-independence and easily up-scalable fabrication, which are the most important factors for color filters for industrial applications. We uncover the underlying mechanism after systematically analyzing the localized surface plasmon polariton coupling in the electric-field distribution. The agreement of the experimental results with those from the simulation indicates that tunable colors across the visible spectrum can be obtained by simply varying the diameter of the nanodisks, promoting their applications.

Published
2017

179. Lens Factory: Automatic Lens Generation Using Off-the-shelf Components

Author

Sun, Libin, Guenter, Brian, Joshi, Neel, Therien, Patrick, Hays, James, Sun, Libin, Guenter, Brian, Joshi, Neel, Therien, Patrick, and Hays, James

Abstract

Custom optics is a necessity for many imaging applications. Unfortunately, custom lens design is costly (thousands to tens of thousands of dollars), time consuming (10-12 weeks typical lead time), and requires specialized optics design expertise. By using only inexpensive, off-the-shelf lens components the Lens Factory automatic design system greatly reduces cost and time. Design, ordering of parts, delivery, and assembly can be completed in a few days, at a cost in the low hundreds of dollars. Lens design constraints, such as focal length and field of view, are specified in terms familiar to the graphics community so no optics expertise is necessary. Unlike conventional lens design systems, which only use continuous optimization methods, Lens Factory adds a discrete optimization stage. This stage searches the combinatorial space of possible combinations of lens elements to find novel designs, evolving simple canonical lens designs into more complex, better designs. Intelligent pruning rules make the combinatorial search feasible. We have designed and built several high performance optical systems which demonstrate the practicality of the system., Comment: 12 pages, 18 figures

Published
2015

180. Effects of Varying Degrees of Worm Infection on the Texture Profile, Nutritional, and Flavor Components of Gomphidius rutilus Mushrooms.

Author

HE Wei, SUN Libin, XIN Guang, ZHANG Bo, ZHANG Xiaoyu, GONG Xue, WEN Xiaowen, MENG Xianjun, and ZHANG Baiqing

Subjects
MUSHROOMS, PLANT-fungus relationships, HIGH performance liquid chromatography, FLAVOR, MOISTURE content of plants, NUTRITION
Abstract

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2018
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181. Sox5 contributes to prostate cancer metastasis and is a master regulator of TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition through controlling Twist1 expression.

Author

Hu, Jieping, Tian, Jing, Zhu, Shimiao, Sun, Libin, Yu, Jianpeng, Tian, Hao, Dong, Qian, Luo, Qiang, Jiang, Ning, Niu, Yuanjie, and Shang, Zhiqun

Abstract

Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is one of the main contributors to the death of prostate cancer patients. To date, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying mCRPC are unclear. Given the crucial role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis, we aimed to analyse the expression and function of Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signal-associated protein named Sox5 in mCRPC.Methods: The protein expression levels were analysed by western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to validate the target of Sox5. The effect of Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 on PCa progression was investigated in vitro and in vivo.Results: Here, we found that TGF-β-induced EMT was accompanied by increased Sox5 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of Sox5 expression attenuated EMT induced by TGF-β signalling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Smad3 could bind to the promoter of Sox5 and regulate its expression. Mechanistically, Sox5 could bind to Twist1 promoter and active Twist1, which initiated EMT. Importantly, knockdown of Sox5 in prostate cancer cells resulted in less of the mesenchymal phenotype and cell migration ability. Furthermore, targeting Sox5 could inhibit prostate cancer progression in a xenograft mouse model. In clinic, patients with high Sox5 expression were more likely to suffer from metastases, and high Sox5 expression also has a lower progression-free survival and cancer specific-survival in clinic database.Conclusions: Therefore, we propose a new mechanism in which Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 promotes EMT and contributes to PCa progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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182. Structure and flavor characteristics of Maillard reaction products derived from soybean meal hydrolysates-reducing sugars.

Author

Sun, Libin, Wang, Donghua, Huang, Zhe, Elfalleh, Walid, Qin, Lanxia, and Yu, Dianyu

Subjects
*SOYBEAN meal, *MAILLARD reaction, *MEAT flavor & odor, *FLAVOR, *SUGAR
Abstract

In this study, the structure and flavor characteristics of soybean meal hydrolysates-reducing sugars Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were evaluated. Sugars added to the soybean meal enzymatic hydrolysates increased the Maillard reactivity in the following order: hexose < pentose. Results indicated that the intrinsic fluorescence intensity of MRPs increased, whereas the absorption peak intensity of the infrared spectrum changed significantly. Molecular weight analysis results showed that the MRPs were mainly distributed between 128-500 and 500–1000 Da. Furthermore, the bitter amino acid content (9.29 mg/g) and umami amino acid content (3.60 mg/g) were relatively high in ribose-MRPs. The umami, richness and bitterness values of pentose-MRPs were higher than those of hexose-MRPs. Moreover, the analysis of volatile substances showed that the ribose-MRPs presented a stronger caramel aroma, nutty flavor, and grilled meat flavor. • Reducing sugar types affected the structure and flavor of Maillard reaction products. • Soybean meal enzymatic hydrolysates were prepared by two-step enzymolysis. • Maillard reaction products were mainly distributed between 128-500 and 500–1000 Da. • Ribose-Maillard reaction products showed a stronger flavor characteristic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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184. Polarization-independent plasmonic subtractive color filtering in ultrathin Ag nanodisks with high transmission

Author

Qi Li, Songlan Yang, S. A. Bai, Lixia Zhao, R. Z. Tai, Hans-Jörg Fecht, Liusan Wang, D.X. Zhang, Sun Libin, Beibei Zeng, J.Z. Jiang, Zhenkun Yu, Min Qiu, and X. L. Hu

Subjects
Subtractive color, Materials science, business.industry, Materials Science (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Surface plasmon polariton, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Spectral line, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Polariton, Color filter array, Business and International Management, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Electron-beam lithography, Plasmon
Abstract

We demonstrate a TE/TM polarization-independent plasmonic subtractive color filtering scheme employing ultrathin two-dimensional Ag nanodisks. These TE/TM polarization-independent subtractive color filters exhibit small feature sizes (below 200 nm) and high transmission up to 70% in the visible spectral region, superior to previously reported plasmonic color filters. Simulated optical transmission spectra and colors are in good agreement with experimental results. The color-filtering behaviors strongly depend on thickness and period of nanodisks. Underlying mechanisms are also discussed in detail.

Published
2015

188. Effect of relative nanohole position on colour purity of ultrathin plasmonic subtractive colour filters

Author

D.X. Zhang, J.Z. Jiang, Liu-San Wang, Sun Libin, Beibei Zeng, Hu Xiaolin, Songlan Yang, Hans-Jörg Fecht, and R. Z. Tai

Subjects
Materials science, Subtractive color, Fabrication, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Physics::Optics, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Substrate (electronics), Quality (physics), Optics, Mechanics of Materials, Impurity, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, Hexagonal lattice, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Surface plasmon resonance, business, Plasmon
Abstract

Plasmonic subtractive color filters through patterning periodic nanostructures on ultrathin Ag films deposited on a glass substrate, exhibiting good durability, simple fabrication, and flexible color tunability, have attracted considerable attention due to their tremendous potential applications. While previous studies have mainly focused on their extraordinary physical mechanisms, color purity, which is another key parameter for high quality imaging applications, has been much less investigated. In this work, we demonstrate that the relative position of nanoholes patterned on ultrathin Ag films can largely affect the color purity of plasmonic subtractive color filters. The calculated results agree reasonably well with the experimental data, revealing that the purity of subtractive colors can be improved by changing the nanohole arrays from square lattice to triangular lattice without reducing transmission at visible frequencies. In addition, underlying mechanisms are clarified by systematically analyzing the dominant valley in transmission spectra.

Published
2015

189. Squamous differentiation in patients with superficial bladder urothelial carcinoma is associated with high risk of recurrence and poor survival.

Author

Gang Li, Jianpeng Yu, Hualin Song, Shimiao Zhu, Libin Sun, Zhiqun Shang, Yuanjie Niu, Li, Gang, Yu, Jianpeng, Song, Hualin, Zhu, Shimiao, Sun, Libin, Shang, Zhiqun, and Niu, Yuanjie

Subjects
TRANSITIONAL cell carcinoma, BLADDER cancer, CELL differentiation, CYSTECTOMY, CANCER relapse, CANCER treatment, ANTHROPOMETRY, BIOPSY, BLADDER tumors, CANCER invasiveness, LONGITUDINAL method, PROGNOSIS, SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, KAPLAN-Meier estimator, TUMOR grading, TUMOR treatment, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Background: The independent prognostic role of squamous differentiation in pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma has not been reported in previous studies. This article describes the impact of squamous differentiation on tumor recurrence and survival, and whether this histologic variant could indeed alter definitive treatment, based on single center-based retrospective data.Methods: Totally, we retrieved (1)1449 histologically confirmed pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma patients without histologic variants; (2)227 pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma patients with squamous differentiation in our institution, from May 2004 to Oct 2015. The total amount of high/low grade urothelial carcinoma patients was 991/685 respectively. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and intravesical chemotherapy were performed as initial treatments for all the patients. The clinical and pathological characteristics, treatment and survival outcomes were compared between squamous differentiation-positive and squamous differentiation-negative patients.Results: In our study, 14% urothelial carcinoma patients were detected with squamous differentiation. The mean age of all the patients examined was 66.4, of whom 82% were males. The 5-year cancer specific survival rates were 69% for squamous differentiation-positive patients and 91% for squamous differentiation-negative patients (p < 0.001). Recurrence proved to be more common in squamous differentiation-positive patients than in negative patients. In the results of the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, recurrence and squamous differentiation were confirmed to be the prognostic factors associated with patients' survival.Conclusions: Squamous differentiation in pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma is correlated to high risk of recurrence and poor prognosis as an independent prognostic factor. Radical cystectomy is essential for recurred high grade pT1 bladder urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation accompanied by lymphovascular invasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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193. Volatile components, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacities of worm-infected Gomphidius rutilus

Author

Sun, Libin, He, Wei, Xin, Guang, Cai, Pengju, Zhang, Yin, Zhang, Zhiyong, Wei, Yunyun, Sun, Bingxin, and Wen, Xiaowen

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of worm infection on the volatile components, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacities of Gomphidius rutilus. G. rutiluswithout worms (GW), G. rutilusinfected by a small amount of worms (GS; infected area <50%), and G. rutilusinfected by a large amount of worms (GL; infected area>50%) were investigated. The volatile components of G. rutiluswere analyzed by simultaneous distillation–extraction (SDE) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of 17 and 19 types of volatile compounds were detected, including ketones, alcohols, benzene, alkenes, aldehydes, esters, acids, and alkanes. Alcohols comprised the most abundant compound in GL, GS, and GW. The relative content of 1-octen-3-ol was the highest in all mushrooms. The concentration of eight-carbon (C8) compounds relative to the total volatile compounds varied widely, ranging from 40% (GW) to 64.34% (GS) and 84.42% (GS) and to 91.59% (GL), respectively, among the three samples. The antioxidant capability and the total phenolic contents of G. rutiluswere evaluated in this study. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) of 192.23 mg GAE/g was found in GL, which differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the latter two samples, whereas the lowest value of 156.11 mg GAE/g was found in GW. ABTS radical cation scavenging activity, FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP) radical scavenging activity, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were investigated to screen the antioxidant properties of extracts. The contents of total phenolic compounds and their antioxidant capacities in vitro showed significant correlations (P < 0.01). Among the three types of samples, the phenolic compounds of GL exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, showing the values of 0.089 mM TE/g for ABTS, 0.949 mM Fe2+E/g for FRAP, and 1.952 M TE/g for ORAC. However, regarding the total antioxidant capacity, GS exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity, showing the values of 0.002648 mM TE/g for ABTS, 0.004437 mM Fe2+E/g for FRAP, and 0.256 μM TE/g for ORAC. In conclusion, HS-SPME was more suitable for the extraction of volatile aroma components from G. rutilus. GL had the most abundant aroma components. GL had the highest TPC and antioxidant capacity compared with those of GS and GW, whereas GS showed the opposite results. Interestingly, GS was found to have the highest total antioxidant capacity in vitro. Based on these measured indicators, worm infection had no negative effect on the quality of G. rutilus. Therefore, worm-infected G. rutiluscan also be consumed by humans.

Published
2018
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