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BackgroundMaintaining compliance with personal preventive measures is important to achieve a balance of COVID-19 pandemic control and work resumption. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate self-reported compliance with four personal measures to prevent COVID-19 among a sample of factory workers in Shenzhen, China, at the beginning of work resumption in China following the COVID-19 outbreak. These preventive measures included consistent wearing of face masks in public spaces (the workplace and other public settings); sanitizing hands using soap, liquid soap, or alcohol-based hand sanitizer after returning from public spaces or touching public installations and equipment; avoiding social and meal gatherings; and avoiding crowded places. MethodsThe participants were adult factory workers who had resumed work in Shenzhen, China. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling design was used. We randomly selected 14 factories that had resumed work. All full-time employees aged ≥18 years who had resumed work in these factories were invited to complete a web-based survey. Out of 4158 workers who had resumed work in these factories, 3035 (73.0%) completed the web-based survey from March 1 to 14, 2020. Multilevel logistic regression models were fitted. ResultsAmong the 3035 participants, 2938 (96.8%) and 2996 (98.7%) reported always wearing a face mask in the workplace and in other public settings, respectively, in the past month. However, frequencies of self-reported sanitizing hands (2152/3035, 70.9%), avoiding social and meal gatherings (2225/3035, 73.3%), and avoiding crowded places (1997/3035, 65.8%) were relatively low. At the individual level, knowledge about COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratios [AORs] from 1.16, CI 1.10-1.24, to 1.29, CI 1.21-1.37), perceived risk (AORs from 0.58, CI 0.50-0.68, to 0.85, CI 0.72-0.99) and severity (AOR 1.05, CI 1.01-1.09, and AOR 1.07, CI 1.03-1.11) of COVID-19, perceived effectiveness of preventive measures by the individual (AORs from 1.05, CI 1.00-1.10, to 1.09, CI 1.04-1.13), organization (AOR 1.30, CI 1.20-1.41), and government (AORs from 1.14, CI 1.04-1.25, to 1.21, CI 1.02-1.42), perceived preparedness for a potential outbreak after work resumption (AORs from 1.10, CI 1.00-1.21, to 1.50, CI 1.36-1.64), and depressive symptoms (AORs from 0.93, CI 0.91-0.94, to 0.96, CI 0.92-0.99) were associated with self-reported compliance with at least one personal preventive measure. At the interpersonal level, exposure to COVID-19–specific information through official media channels (AOR 1.08, CI 1.04-1.11) and face-to-face communication (AOR 0.90, CI 0.83-0.98) were associated with self-reported sanitizing of hands. The number of preventive measures implemented in the workplace was positively associated with self-reported compliance with all four preventive measures (AORs from 1.30, CI 1.08-1.57, to 1.63, CI 1.45-1.84). ConclusionsMeasures are needed to strengthen hand hygiene and physical distancing among factory workers to reduce transmission following work resumption. Future programs in workplaces should address these factors at multiple levels.

It is critical to estimate voltage sag parameters fast and exactly. The paper presented a novel detection method of voltage sag based on novel Teager energy operator ( NTEO) and RMS algorithm for voltage sag detection and measurement accurately. It introduced a resolution parameter i to improve the performance of TEO, then obtained NTEO, which had better anti-noise performance. First, it used the NTEO algorithm to locate the starting and ending time of voltage dip disturbances, and then using the RMS algorithm to measure the amplitude of the positioned dips. The simulation experiment results indicate that, the proposed method has stronger real-time property than wavelet transform, and it overcomes the lack of the poor anti-noise performance of TEO method and the shortage of RMS that cannot accurately locate the disturbances. The algorithm can detect the voltage sag fast and accurately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) aiming to recover underlying clean data with low-rank structure from the corrupted data, is a powerful tool in machine learning and data mining. However, in many real-world applications where new data (i.e., out-of-samples) in the testing phase can be unseen in the training procedure, (1) RPCA which is a transductive method can be naturally incapable of handing out-of-samples, and (2) violently applying RPCA into this applications does not explicitly consider the relationships between reconstruction error and low-rank representation. To tackle these problems, in this paper, we propose a Double Robust Principal Component Analysis to deal with the out-of-sample problems, which is termed as DRPCA. More specifically, we integrate a reconstruction error into the criterion function of RPCA. Our proposed model can then benefit from (1) the robustness of principal components to outliers and missing values, (2) the bridge between reconstruction error and low-rank representation, (3) low-rank clean data extraction from new datum by a linear transform. To this end, extensive experiments on several datasets demonstrate its superiority, when comparing with the state-of-the-art models, in several clustering and low-rank recovery tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • We propose an end-to-end optimization framework to address the face completion task via modeling a generative adversarial network with hybrid architecture. • We propose to incorporate deep generative adversarial networks with a Laplacian pyramid mechanism into a unified framework that can recover the spatial information of missing face regions in a coarse-to-fine manner. • We construct a new deep dilated convolutional residual learning architecture that can generate the high-frequency details progressively and eliminate color discrepancies to ensure visual consistency in the completed image. Abstract Recently, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have demonstrated high-quality reconstruction in face completion. There is still much room for improvement over the conventional GAN models that do not explicitly address the texture details problem. In this paper, we propose a Laplacian-pyramid-based generative framework for face completion. This framework can produce more realistic results (1) by deriving precise content information of missing face regions in a coarse-to-fine fashion and (2) by propagating the high-frequency details from the surrounding area via a modified residual learning model. Specifically, for the missing regions, we design a Laplacian-pyramid-based convolutional network framework that can predict missing regions under different resolutions; this framework takes advantage of multiscale features shared from low levels and extracted from middle layers for the next finer level. For high-frequency details, we construct a new residual learning network to eliminate color discrepancies between the missing and surrounding regions progressively. Furthermore, a multiloss function is proposed to supervise the generative process. To optimize the model, we train the entire generative model with deep supervision using a joint reconstruction loss, which ensures that the generated image is as realistic as the original. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets show that the proposed framework exhibits superior performance over state-of-the-art methods in terms of predictive accuracy, both quantitatively and qualitatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dedicator of cytokinesis 2(DOCK2) protein, an atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEFs), is a member of the DOCKA protein subfamily. DOCK2 protein deficiency is characterized by early-onset lymphopenia, recurrent infections, and lymphocyte dysfunction, which was classified as combined immune deficiency with neutrophil abnormalities as well. The only cure is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here, we report two patients harboring four novel DOCK2 mutations associated with recurrent infections including live attenuated vaccine-related infections. The patient's condition was partially alleviated by symptomatic treatment or intravenous immunoglobulin. We also confirmed defects in thymic T cell output and T cell proliferation, as well as aberrant skewing of T/B cell subset TCR-Vβ repertoires. In addition, we noted neutrophil defects, the weakening of actin polymerization, and BCR internalization under TCR/BCR activation. Finally, we found that the DOCK2 protein affected antibody affinity although with normal total serum immunoglobulin. The results reported herein expand the clinical phenotype, the pathogenic DOCK2 mutation database, and the immune characteristics of DOCK2-deficient patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic granulomatosis disease (CGD) is a rare inborn error of immunity, characterized by phagocytic respiratory outbreak dysfunction. Mutations causing CGD occur in CYBB on the X chromosome and in the autosomal genes CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, NCF4, RAC2, and CYBC1. Nevertheless, some patients are clinically diagnosed with CGD, due to abnormal respiratory outbursts, while the pathogenic gene mutation is unidentified. Here, we report a patient with CGD who first presented with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin disease and had recurrent pneumonia. He was diagnosed with CGD by nitro blue tetrazolium and respiratory burst tests. Detailed assessment of neutrophil activity revealed that patient neutrophils were almost entirely nonfunctional. Sanger sequencing detected a 6-kb insertion of a LINE-1 transposable element in the third intron of CYBB, leading to abnormal splicing and pseudoexon insertion, as well as introduction of a premature termination codon, resulting in predicted protein truncation. Clonal analysis demonstrated that the patient had somatic mosaicism, and the phagocytes were almost all variant CYBB, while the mosaicism rate of PBMC was about 65%. Finally, deep RNA sequencing and gp91phox expression analysis confirmed the pathogenicity of the mutation. In conclusion, we demonstrate that insertion of a LINE-1 transposon in a CYBB intron was responsible for CGD in our patient. Intron LINE-1 transposon element insertion should be examined in CGD patients without any known disease-causing gene mutation, in addition to identification of new genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of stress dynamic myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and determine whether it has incremental advantages over coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived parameters.This prospective multicenter study included patients with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary CTA and CTP and were followed for 6 years. The endpoint was time-to-first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). MACEs included all-cause mortality, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization, and heart failure or aggravated angina symptoms requiring hospitalization. The CTP-derived absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), relative MBF ratio (r-MBF), and the CTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and stenosis were analyzed. The independent predictors, time-to-event distributions and the incremental prognostic value of CTP over CTA-derived parameters were assessed.A total of 226 patients (66.7 ± 11.3 years, 37.6% women) were enrolled with a median follow-up time of 1233 days. Twenty-one patients (9.29%) experienced MACEs and ten patients (4.4%) experienced hard MACEs. The r-MBF was the only independent predictor for MACEs in both all patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 (0.69–0.97), p = 0.01) and patients available for CTA stenosis (%) and CT-FFR calculation (HR: 0.72 (0.57–0.91), p = 0.006). The incremental prognostic significance of r-MBF over CT-FFR was confirmed after combining with CTA-derived parameters (concordance index: 0.919 vs. 0.811; p < 0.01). Patients with r-MBF < 0.77 were more likely to experience MACEs and have a lower average survival time (1565 vs. 1790 days; p < 0.01) after stent implantation.CTP-assessed r-MBF was independently correlated with MACEs and provided incremental prognostic significance.QuestionThe prognostic significance of CT perfusion (CTP) lacks sufficient support from clinical research.FindingsIn this Chinese population, CTP has the strongest prognostic significance, over CT-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and CTA stenosis in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).Clinical relevanceRelative myocardial blood flow ratio had the strongest prognostic value and incremental advantages in predicting MACEs beyond CT-FFR and coronary CTA stenosis quantification, as well as advantages in patients with stents, aiding in personalized diagnosis and treatment plans.Methods: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of stress dynamic myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and determine whether it has incremental advantages over coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived parameters.This prospective multicenter study included patients with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary CTA and CTP and were followed for 6 years. The endpoint was time-to-first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). MACEs included all-cause mortality, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization, and heart failure or aggravated angina symptoms requiring hospitalization. The CTP-derived absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), relative MBF ratio (r-MBF), and the CTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and stenosis were analyzed. The independent predictors, time-to-event distributions and the incremental prognostic value of CTP over CTA-derived parameters were assessed.A total of 226 patients (66.7 ± 11.3 years, 37.6% women) were enrolled with a median follow-up time of 1233 days. Twenty-one patients (9.29%) experienced MACEs and ten patients (4.4%) experienced hard MACEs. The r-MBF was the only independent predictor for MACEs in both all patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 (0.69–0.97), p = 0.01) and patients available for CTA stenosis (%) and CT-FFR calculation (HR: 0.72 (0.57–0.91), p = 0.006). The incremental prognostic significance of r-MBF over CT-FFR was confirmed after combining with CTA-derived parameters (concordance index: 0.919 vs. 0.811; p < 0.01). Patients with r-MBF < 0.77 were more likely to experience MACEs and have a lower average survival time (1565 vs. 1790 days; p < 0.01) after stent implantation.CTP-assessed r-MBF was independently correlated with MACEs and provided incremental prognostic significance.QuestionThe prognostic significance of CT perfusion (CTP) lacks sufficient support from clinical research.FindingsIn this Chinese population, CTP has the strongest prognostic significance, over CT-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and CTA stenosis in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).Clinical relevanceRelative myocardial blood flow ratio had the strongest prognostic value and incremental advantages in predicting MACEs beyond CT-FFR and coronary CTA stenosis quantification, as well as advantages in patients with stents, aiding in personalized diagnosis and treatment plans.Results: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of stress dynamic myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and determine whether it has incremental advantages over coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived parameters.This prospective multicenter study included patients with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary CTA and CTP and were followed for 6 years. The endpoint was time-to-first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). MACEs included all-cause mortality, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization, and heart failure or aggravated angina symptoms requiring hospitalization. The CTP-derived absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), relative MBF ratio (r-MBF), and the CTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and stenosis were analyzed. The independent predictors, time-to-event distributions and the incremental prognostic value of CTP over CTA-derived parameters were assessed.A total of 226 patients (66.7 ± 11.3 years, 37.6% women) were enrolled with a median follow-up time of 1233 days. Twenty-one patients (9.29%) experienced MACEs and ten patients (4.4%) experienced hard MACEs. The r-MBF was the only independent predictor for MACEs in both all patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 (0.69–0.97), p = 0.01) and patients available for CTA stenosis (%) and CT-FFR calculation (HR: 0.72 (0.57–0.91), p = 0.006). The incremental prognostic significance of r-MBF over CT-FFR was confirmed after combining with CTA-derived parameters (concordance index: 0.919 vs. 0.811; p < 0.01). Patients with r-MBF < 0.77 were more likely to experience MACEs and have a lower average survival time (1565 vs. 1790 days; p < 0.01) after stent implantation.CTP-assessed r-MBF was independently correlated with MACEs and provided incremental prognostic significance.QuestionThe prognostic significance of CT perfusion (CTP) lacks sufficient support from clinical research.FindingsIn this Chinese population, CTP has the strongest prognostic significance, over CT-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and CTA stenosis in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).Clinical relevanceRelative myocardial blood flow ratio had the strongest prognostic value and incremental advantages in predicting MACEs beyond CT-FFR and coronary CTA stenosis quantification, as well as advantages in patients with stents, aiding in personalized diagnosis and treatment plans.Conclusions: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of stress dynamic myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and determine whether it has incremental advantages over coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived parameters.This prospective multicenter study included patients with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary CTA and CTP and were followed for 6 years. The endpoint was time-to-first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). MACEs included all-cause mortality, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization, and heart failure or aggravated angina symptoms requiring hospitalization. The CTP-derived absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), relative MBF ratio (r-MBF), and the CTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and stenosis were analyzed. The independent predictors, time-to-event distributions and the incremental prognostic value of CTP over CTA-derived parameters were assessed.A total of 226 patients (66.7 ± 11.3 years, 37.6% women) were enrolled with a median follow-up time of 1233 days. Twenty-one patients (9.29%) experienced MACEs and ten patients (4.4%) experienced hard MACEs. The r-MBF was the only independent predictor for MACEs in both all patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 (0.69–0.97), p = 0.01) and patients available for CTA stenosis (%) and CT-FFR calculation (HR: 0.72 (0.57–0.91), p = 0.006). The incremental prognostic significance of r-MBF over CT-FFR was confirmed after combining with CTA-derived parameters (concordance index: 0.919 vs. 0.811; p < 0.01). Patients with r-MBF < 0.77 were more likely to experience MACEs and have a lower average survival time (1565 vs. 1790 days; p < 0.01) after stent implantation.CTP-assessed r-MBF was independently correlated with MACEs and provided incremental prognostic significance.QuestionThe prognostic significance of CT perfusion (CTP) lacks sufficient support from clinical research.FindingsIn this Chinese population, CTP has the strongest prognostic significance, over CT-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and CTA stenosis in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).Clinical relevanceRelative myocardial blood flow ratio had the strongest prognostic value and incremental advantages in predicting MACEs beyond CT-FFR and coronary CTA stenosis quantification, as well as advantages in patients with stents, aiding in personalized diagnosis and treatment plans.Key Points: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of stress dynamic myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and determine whether it has incremental advantages over coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived parameters.This prospective multicenter study included patients with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary CTA and CTP and were followed for 6 years. The endpoint was time-to-first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). MACEs included all-cause mortality, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization, and heart failure or aggravated angina symptoms requiring hospitalization. The CTP-derived absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), relative MBF ratio (r-MBF), and the CTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and stenosis were analyzed. The independent predictors, time-to-event distributions and the incremental prognostic value of CTP over CTA-derived parameters were assessed.A total of 226 patients (66.7 ± 11.3 years, 37.6% women) were enrolled with a median follow-up time of 1233 days. Twenty-one patients (9.29%) experienced MACEs and ten patients (4.4%) experienced hard MACEs. The r-MBF was the only independent predictor for MACEs in both all patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 (0.69–0.97), p = 0.01) and patients available for CTA stenosis (%) and CT-FFR calculation (HR: 0.72 (0.57–0.91), p = 0.006). The incremental prognostic significance of r-MBF over CT-FFR was confirmed after combining with CTA-derived parameters (concordance index: 0.919 vs. 0.811; p < 0.01). Patients with r-MBF < 0.77 were more likely to experience MACEs and have a lower average survival time (1565 vs. 1790 days; p < 0.01) after stent implantation.CTP-assessed r-MBF was independently correlated with MACEs and provided incremental prognostic significance.QuestionThe prognostic significance of CT perfusion (CTP) lacks sufficient support from clinical research.FindingsIn this Chinese population, CTP has the strongest prognostic significance, over CT-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and CTA stenosis in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).Clinical relevanceRelative myocardial blood flow ratio had the strongest prognostic value and incremental advantages in predicting MACEs beyond CT-FFR and coronary CTA stenosis quantification, as well as advantages in patients with stents, aiding in personalized diagnosis and treatment plans.Graphical Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of stress dynamic myocardial CT perfusion imaging (CTP) and determine whether it has incremental advantages over coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA)-derived parameters.This prospective multicenter study included patients with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone coronary CTA and CTP and were followed for 6 years. The endpoint was time-to-first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). MACEs included all-cause mortality, cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization, and heart failure or aggravated angina symptoms requiring hospitalization. The CTP-derived absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), relative MBF ratio (r-MBF), and the CTA-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) and stenosis were analyzed. The independent predictors, time-to-event distributions and the incremental prognostic value of CTP over CTA-derived parameters were assessed.A total of 226 patients (66.7 ± 11.3 years, 37.6% women) were enrolled with a median follow-up time of 1233 days. Twenty-one patients (9.29%) experienced MACEs and ten patients (4.4%) experienced hard MACEs. The r-MBF was the only independent predictor for MACEs in both all patients (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.82 (0.69–0.97), p = 0.01) and patients available for CTA stenosis (%) and CT-FFR calculation (HR: 0.72 (0.57–0.91), p = 0.006). The incremental prognostic significance of r-MBF over CT-FFR was confirmed after combining with CTA-derived parameters (concordance index: 0.919 vs. 0.811; p < 0.01). Patients with r-MBF < 0.77 were more likely to experience MACEs and have a lower average survival time (1565 vs. 1790 days; p < 0.01) after stent implantation.CTP-assessed r-MBF was independently correlated with MACEs and provided incremental prognostic significance.QuestionThe prognostic significance of CT perfusion (CTP) lacks sufficient support from clinical research.FindingsIn this Chinese population, CTP has the strongest prognostic significance, over CT-Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and CTA stenosis in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).Clinical relevanceRelative myocardial blood flow ratio had the strongest prognostic value and incremental advantages in predicting MACEs beyond CT-FFR and coronary CTA stenosis quantification, as well as advantages in patients with stents, aiding in personalized diagnosis and treatment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the ability among 5.0T MRI, 3.0T MRI and MDCT in identifying insulinomas and determining the tumor-to-duct relationship.A consecutive series of patients highly suspected of insulinomas were enrolled between October 2021 and February 2024, who underwent 5.0T MRI preoperatively, as well as 3.0T MRI or MDCT. The subjective and objective image quality, lesion-to-pancreas contrast, clarity of main pancreatic duct (MPD) and tumor-to-duct relationship at 5.0T, 3.0T MRI and MDCT were evaluated by three observers. The correlation between tumor-duct distance and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) risk was analyzed.Forty patients (14 men; mean age, 46.4 ± 16.5 years) with insulinomas were included in this study. 21 of them underwent both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI; and 38 of them underwent 5.0T MRI and MDCT. The intra- and inter-observer agreement of 5.0T MRI were good to excellent. 5.0T showed significantly higher subjective and objective image quality on T1WI and DWI compared to 3.0T (p < 0.05). Lesion-to-pancreas contrast was superior across all sequences at 5.0T compared to 3.0T(p < 0.05). A head-to-head comparison of patients who received both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI demonstrated that tumor detection was superior with 5.0T MRI (5.0T: 100%; 3.0 T: 92.0%, p < 0.05). Feasibility of tumor-to-duct relationship assessment was superior at 5.0T, compared to 3.0T and MDCT (93.2%, 64.0% and 52.3%, respectively, p < 0.05). Tumor-duct distance could predict CR-POPF after enucleation surgery (areas under the ROC curve 0.79, p = 0.01).5.0T MRI exhibits certain superiority in detecting insulinomas and assessing tumor-to-duct relationship compared to 3.0T MRI and MDCT.Methods: To compare the ability among 5.0T MRI, 3.0T MRI and MDCT in identifying insulinomas and determining the tumor-to-duct relationship.A consecutive series of patients highly suspected of insulinomas were enrolled between October 2021 and February 2024, who underwent 5.0T MRI preoperatively, as well as 3.0T MRI or MDCT. The subjective and objective image quality, lesion-to-pancreas contrast, clarity of main pancreatic duct (MPD) and tumor-to-duct relationship at 5.0T, 3.0T MRI and MDCT were evaluated by three observers. The correlation between tumor-duct distance and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) risk was analyzed.Forty patients (14 men; mean age, 46.4 ± 16.5 years) with insulinomas were included in this study. 21 of them underwent both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI; and 38 of them underwent 5.0T MRI and MDCT. The intra- and inter-observer agreement of 5.0T MRI were good to excellent. 5.0T showed significantly higher subjective and objective image quality on T1WI and DWI compared to 3.0T (p < 0.05). Lesion-to-pancreas contrast was superior across all sequences at 5.0T compared to 3.0T(p < 0.05). A head-to-head comparison of patients who received both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI demonstrated that tumor detection was superior with 5.0T MRI (5.0T: 100%; 3.0 T: 92.0%, p < 0.05). Feasibility of tumor-to-duct relationship assessment was superior at 5.0T, compared to 3.0T and MDCT (93.2%, 64.0% and 52.3%, respectively, p < 0.05). Tumor-duct distance could predict CR-POPF after enucleation surgery (areas under the ROC curve 0.79, p = 0.01).5.0T MRI exhibits certain superiority in detecting insulinomas and assessing tumor-to-duct relationship compared to 3.0T MRI and MDCT.Results: To compare the ability among 5.0T MRI, 3.0T MRI and MDCT in identifying insulinomas and determining the tumor-to-duct relationship.A consecutive series of patients highly suspected of insulinomas were enrolled between October 2021 and February 2024, who underwent 5.0T MRI preoperatively, as well as 3.0T MRI or MDCT. The subjective and objective image quality, lesion-to-pancreas contrast, clarity of main pancreatic duct (MPD) and tumor-to-duct relationship at 5.0T, 3.0T MRI and MDCT were evaluated by three observers. The correlation between tumor-duct distance and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) risk was analyzed.Forty patients (14 men; mean age, 46.4 ± 16.5 years) with insulinomas were included in this study. 21 of them underwent both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI; and 38 of them underwent 5.0T MRI and MDCT. The intra- and inter-observer agreement of 5.0T MRI were good to excellent. 5.0T showed significantly higher subjective and objective image quality on T1WI and DWI compared to 3.0T (p < 0.05). Lesion-to-pancreas contrast was superior across all sequences at 5.0T compared to 3.0T(p < 0.05). A head-to-head comparison of patients who received both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI demonstrated that tumor detection was superior with 5.0T MRI (5.0T: 100%; 3.0 T: 92.0%, p < 0.05). Feasibility of tumor-to-duct relationship assessment was superior at 5.0T, compared to 3.0T and MDCT (93.2%, 64.0% and 52.3%, respectively, p < 0.05). Tumor-duct distance could predict CR-POPF after enucleation surgery (areas under the ROC curve 0.79, p = 0.01).5.0T MRI exhibits certain superiority in detecting insulinomas and assessing tumor-to-duct relationship compared to 3.0T MRI and MDCT.Conclusion: To compare the ability among 5.0T MRI, 3.0T MRI and MDCT in identifying insulinomas and determining the tumor-to-duct relationship.A consecutive series of patients highly suspected of insulinomas were enrolled between October 2021 and February 2024, who underwent 5.0T MRI preoperatively, as well as 3.0T MRI or MDCT. The subjective and objective image quality, lesion-to-pancreas contrast, clarity of main pancreatic duct (MPD) and tumor-to-duct relationship at 5.0T, 3.0T MRI and MDCT were evaluated by three observers. The correlation between tumor-duct distance and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) risk was analyzed.Forty patients (14 men; mean age, 46.4 ± 16.5 years) with insulinomas were included in this study. 21 of them underwent both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI; and 38 of them underwent 5.0T MRI and MDCT. The intra- and inter-observer agreement of 5.0T MRI were good to excellent. 5.0T showed significantly higher subjective and objective image quality on T1WI and DWI compared to 3.0T (p < 0.05). Lesion-to-pancreas contrast was superior across all sequences at 5.0T compared to 3.0T(p < 0.05). A head-to-head comparison of patients who received both 5.0T and 3.0T MRI demonstrated that tumor detection was superior with 5.0T MRI (5.0T: 100%; 3.0 T: 92.0%, p < 0.05). Feasibility of tumor-to-duct relationship assessment was superior at 5.0T, compared to 3.0T and MDCT (93.2%, 64.0% and 52.3%, respectively, p < 0.05). Tumor-duct distance could predict CR-POPF after enucleation surgery (areas under the ROC curve 0.79, p = 0.01).5.0T MRI exhibits certain superiority in detecting insulinomas and assessing tumor-to-duct relationship compared to 3.0T MRI and MDCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) cause a broad spectrum of disease phenotypes. Heterozygous STAT1 loss-of-function (LOF) mutations cause Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) infection, which is attributable to impaired IFN-γ signaling. The identification of novel mutations may extend the phenotypes associated with autosomal dominant (AD) STAT1 deficiency. Methods: Five patients with heterozygous STAT1 variations were recruited and their clinical and immunologic phenotypes were analyzed, with particular reference to JAK-STAT1 signaling pathways. Results: Four, heterozygous STAT1 deficiency mutations were identified, three of which were novel mutations. Two of the mutations were previously unreported mRNA splicing mutations in AD STAT1-deficient patients. Patients with heterozygous STAT1 deficiency suffered not only mycobacterial infection, but also intracellular non-mycobacterial bacterial infection and congenital multiple malformations. AD-LOF mutation impaired IFN-γ-mediated STAT1 phosphorylation, gamma-activated sequence (GAS), and IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) transcription activity and IFN-induced gene expression to different extents, which might account for the diverse clinical manifestations observed in these patients. Conclusion: The infectious disease susceptibility and phenotypic spectrum of patients with AD STAT1-LOF are broader than simply MSMD. The susceptibility to infections and immunological deficiency phenotypes, observed in AD-LOF patients, confirms the importance of STAT1 in host–pathogen interaction and immunity. However, variability in the nature and extent of these phenotypes suggests that functional analysis is required to identify accurately novel, heterozygous STAT1 mutations, associated with pathogenicity. Aberrant splice of STAT1 RNA could result in AD-LOF for STAT1 signaling which need more cases for confirmation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We develop a new Lifelong Visual-Tactile Learning (LVTL) model to learn a sequence of robotic visual-tactile perception tasks continuously. To the best of our knowledge, this is an earlier exploration about robotic visual-tactile cross-modality learning under the lifelong learning manner. • We design a modality-specific knowledge library for each modality to capture common intra-modality knowledge across different tasks, by preserving the shared experience information of the learned and new coming robotic visual-tactile tasks. • A sparse constraint based modality-invariant space is constructed to explore the shared complementary knowledge across visual and tactile modalities, and identify the importance of each modality for the new coming robotic visual-tactile tasks simultaneously. Lifelong machine learning can learn a sequence of consecutive robotic perception tasks via transferring previous experiences. However, 1) most existing lifelong learning based perception methods only take advantage of visual information for robotic tasks, while neglecting another important tactile sensing modality to capture discriminative material properties; 2) Meanwhile, they cannot explore the intrinsic relationships across different modalities and the common characterization among different tasks of each modality, due to the distinct divergence between heterogeneous feature distributions. To address above challenges, we propose a new L ifelong V isual- T actile L earning (LVTL) model for continuous robotic visual-tactile perception tasks, which fully explores the latent correlations in both intra-modality and cross-modality aspects. Specifically, a modality-specific knowledge library is developed for each modality to explore common intra-modality representations across different tasks, while narrowing intra-modality mapping divergence between semantic and feature spaces via an auto-encoder mechanism. Moreover, a sparse constraint based modality-invariant space is constructed to capture underlying cross-modality correlations and identify the contributions of each modality for new coming visual-tactile tasks. We further propose a modality consistency regularizer to efficiently align the heterogeneous visual and tactile samples, which ensures the semantic consistency between different modality-specific knowledge libraries. After deriving an efficient model optimization strategy, we conduct extensive experiments on several representative datasets to demonstrate the superiority of our LVTL model. Evaluation experiments show that our proposed model significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods with about 1.16% ∼ 15.36% improvement under different lifelong visual-tactile perception scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high rate of false arrhythmia alarms in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) can lead to disruption of care, negatively impacting patients' health through noise disturbances, and slow staff response time due to alarm fatigue. Prior false-alarm reduction approaches are often rule-based and require hand-crafted features from physiological waveforms as inputs to machine learning classifiers. Despite considerable prior efforts to address the problem, false alarms are a continuing problem in the ICUs. In this work, we present a deep learning framework to automatically learn feature representations of physiological waveforms using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to discriminate between true vs. false arrhythmia alarms. We use Contrastive Learning to simultaneously minimize a binary cross entropy classification loss and a proposed similarity loss from pair-wise comparisons of waveform segments over time as a discriminative constraint. Furthermore, we augment our deep models with learned embeddings from a rule-based method to leverage prior domain knowledge for each alarm type. We evaluate our method using the dataset from the 2015 PhysioNet Computing in Cardiology Challenge. Ablation analysis demonstrates that Contrastive Learning significantly improves the performance of a combined deep learning and rule-based-embedding approach. Our results indicate that the final proposed deep learning framework achieves superior performance in comparison to the winning entries of the Challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• New glass fiber reinforced polymer material was used for anti-floating anchor. • FBG sensor monitoring technology was applied to field test of GFRP anti-floating anchor. • GFRP and steel anti-floating anchor compared in test. • The bonding characteristics of the anchor slurry-rock interface were studied. • The distribution law of shear stress and axial stress at the slurry-rock interface of the GFRP anti-floating anchor was revealed. Based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing and monitoring technology, the slurry-rock interface bonding characteristics of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) anti-floating anchor and steel anti-floating anchor were investigated through the field pull-out destructive test of GFRP bars and steel anti-floating anchor. The differences in slurry-rock interface bonding properties between GFRP anti-floating anchor and steel anti-floating anchor were defined. In addition, the distribution law of shear stress and axial stress at the slurry-rock interface of the GFRP anti-floating anchor was revealed along the anchoring depth. The results showed that the axial stress at the slurry-rock interface of the GFRP anti-floating anchor is maximum at the hole opening and decreases as depth increases. The axial stress reduces to zero at the anchorage depth of about 2.4 m. The shear stress at the slurry-rock interface increases and then decreases. The slurry-rock interface bonding curve of the GFRP anti-floating anchor is approximately a straight line, while the slurry-rock interface bonding curve of the steel anti-floating anchor is a broken line with an obvious inflection point. Comparing different materials and types of anti-floating anchors indicate that the bond performance of steel anti-floating anchors is slightly higher than that of GFRP anti-floating anchors, and the bond strength of anti-floating anchors' slurry-rock interface improves with the increase of anchor bar diameter. The synergistic effect among anchor bars, grout, and rock mass of the GFRP anti-floating anchor exceeds that of the steel anti-floating anchor. Using the finite element software ABAQUS to GFRP anti-floating anchor rod on rock interface bonding performance simulation, the simulation results was coincident with the test result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) deficiency, a rare human inborn error of immunity characterized by susceptibility to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) diseases, neuropathic and dermatological manifestations. The clinical and immunological features of two siblings with ISG15 deficiency combined with asymptomatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) mutations were analyzed, and their pathogenesis, as well as target therapeutic candidates, were explored. The manifestation in patient 2 was skin lesions, while those in patient 1 were intracranial calcification and recurrent pneumonia. Whole-exome identified novel, dual mutations in ISG15 and MPO. PBMCs and B cell lines derived from the patients showed hyper-activated JAK/STAT signaling. Normal neutrophil function excluded pathogenicity caused by the MPO mutation. RNA sequencing identified baricitinib as therapeutic candidate. We report two sibling patients harboring the same novel ISG15 mutation showing diverse clinical features, and one harbored a rare phenotype of pneumonia. These findings expand the clinical spectrum of ISG15 deficiency and identify baricitinib as therapeutic candidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although it is widely accepted that the construction of dams may alter fish habitats, few studies have followed the life cycles of fish and combined the environmental conditions with the ecological behaviors and habit preferences of fish during reproductive processes to assess its effects of dam construction. In this study, we call for more sophisticated and holistic assessment framework, including effectiveness of technologies intended to mitigate environmental impacts in different life stages. An assessment framework that considers the swimming ability, perception ability of water flow and environmental preference of different fish species during migration, spawning and hatching was proposed. We used the Baihetan Reservoir as an example environment to assess the impoundment effect on the habitat of a tributary upstream of the reservoir. We observed shifts in the habitats of target fish in different life stages which is dominated by reservoir operation of the Baihetan Dam. Combined with the response of fish activities to impoundment, the selection of suitable positions for artificial breeding and release projects and the outlet of the fish transportation system were recommended measures to improve the migration possibilities. Our reassessment results also demonstrated the theoretical possibility and feasibility of joint improvements in spawning and hatching periods using instream structures. Our framework provides a complete set of "assessment-solution" processes for developers and managers to address the aquatic ecological degradation caused by resource development, and its use is strongly recommended for assessments or assessments of damming effects in other regions and on other fish species. • A habitat assessment framework coupling the fish migrating, spawning and hatching opportunity was designed. • Fish swimming ability, perception ability and environmental preference were taken into the designation of instream structure. • This framework based on fish life stages helped to formulate rehabilitation activities and improved their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of 5.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in characterizing pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs), compared with 3.0 T MRI and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Methods: Thirty-five patients with PCLs underwent 5.0 T MR alongside 3.0 T MR or MDCT. Two observers measured subjective and objective image quality scores. The consistency of two observers between 5.0 T and 3.0 T was calculated by intraclass correlation coefficients. The characteristics of PCLs and their specific diagnosis, as well as benignity/malignancy, were evaluated across MDCT, 3.0 T, and 5.0 T MRI. Results: The 5.0 T MR demonstrated significantly higher subjective image quality and SNR on T1WI compared to that in 3.0 T MR ( p < 0.05). The 5.0 T MRI identified more cyst lesions than the 3.0 T MRI (40 and 32) and MDCT (82 and 56). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for differentiating benign from malignant lesions with 5.0 T MRI (75%, 100%, and 91.4%, respectively) surpassed those of 3.0 T MRI and MDCT. The accuracy of the specific diagnosis of PCLs at 5.0 T MRI (80%) was superior to 3.0 T MRI and MDCT. Conclusions: 5.0 T MRI exhibits certain superiority in delineating details of PCLs and in clinical diagnostic accuracy, outperforming MDCT and 3.0 T MRI while maintaining sufficient image quality.

The visual perception systems aim to autonomously collect consecutive visual data and perceive the relevant information online like human beings. In comparison with the classical static visual systems focusing on fixed tasks (e.g., face recognition for visual surveillance), the real-world visual systems (e.g., the robot visual system) often need to handle unpredicted tasks and dynamically changed environments, which need to imitate human-like intelligence with open-ended online learning ability. Therefore, we provide a comprehensive analysis of open-ended online learning problems for autonomous visual perception in this survey. Based on "what to online learn" among visual perception scenarios, we classify the open-ended online learning methods into five categories: instance incremental learning to handle data attributes changing, feature evolution learning for incremental and decremental features with the feature dimension changed dynamically, class incremental learning and task incremental learning aiming at online adding new coming classes/tasks, and parallel and distributed learning for large-scale data to reveal the computational and storage advantages. We discuss the characteristic of each method and introduce several representative works as well. Finally, we introduce some representative visual perception applications to show the enhanced performance when using various open-ended online learning models, followed by a discussion of several future directions.

BACH2-related immunodeficiency and autoimmunity (BRIDA) is an inborn error of immunity, newly reported in 2017, presenting with symptoms of immunoglobulin deficiency and ongoing colitis. Studies using a mouse model have demonstrated that BACH2 deficiency predisposes individuals to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, no BACH2 deficiency has been reported in SLE patients. Here we describe a patient with BRIDA presenting with early-onset SLE, juvenile dermatomyositis, and IgA deficiency. Whole exome sequencing analysis of the patient and her parents revealed a novel heterozygous point mutation in BACH2, c.G1727T, resulting in substitution of a highly conserved arginine with leucine (R576L), which is predicted to be deleterious, in the patient and her father. Reduced BACH2 expression and deficient transcriptional repression of the BACH2 target, BLIMP1, were detected in PBMCs or lymphoblastoid cell lines of our patient. Notably, extreme reduction of memory B cells was detected in the patient's father, although he had no obvious symptoms. SLE symptoms and recurrent fever were relieved by treatment with prednisone combined with tofacitinib. Thus, we present the second report of BRIDA and demonstrate that BACH2 may be a monogenic cause of SLE., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Patients with DEX (deficiency in ELF4, X-linked) were recently reported by our team and others, and cases are very limited worldwide. Our knowledge of this new disease is currently preliminary. In this study, we described 5 more cases presenting mainly with oral ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease-like symptoms, fever of unknown origin, anemia, or systemic lupus erythematosus. Whole exome sequencing identified potential pathogenic ELF4 variants in all cases. The pathogenicity of these variants was confirmed by the detection of ELF4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients and utilizing a simple IFN-b luciferase reporter assay, as previously reported. Our findings significantly contribute to the current understanding of DEX., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Monogenic autoinflammatory diseases (mAIDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases affecting primarily innate immunity, with various genetic causes. Genetic diagnosis of mAIDs can assist in the patient's management and therapy. However, a large number of sporadic and familial cases remain genetically uncharacterized. Deficiency in ELF4, X-linked (DEX) is recently identified as a novel mAID. Here, we described a pediatric patient suffering from recurrent viral and bacterial respiratory infection, refractory oral ulcer, constipation, and arthritis. Whole-exome sequencing found a hemizygous variant in ELF4 (chrX:129205133 A > G, c.691 T > C, p.W231R). Using cells from patient and point mutation mice, we showed mutant cells failed to restrict viral replication effectively and produced more pro-inflammatory cytokines. RNA-seq identified several potential critical antiviral and anti-inflammation genes with decreased expression, and ChIP-qPCR assay suggested mutant ELF4 failed to bind to the promoters of these genes. Thus, we presented the second report of DEX., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Development of aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) is often limited by low specific capacitance of negative electrodes. Herein, a composite electrode with tiny vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) nanoparticles homogeneously decorated in vertically-aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VACNTs) is prepared by supercritical CO 2 impregnation and subsequent annealing, and used as binder-free negative electrode for aqueous ASCs. Owing to its unique three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical nanostructure, the V 2 O 5 /VACNTs (VN) electrodes exhibit an ideal specific capacitance of 284 F g -1 in the potential range of -1.1 to 0 V vs SCE at 2 A g -1 and outstanding cycling stability in the Na 2 SO 4 aqueous solution. An aqueous ASC device possessing wide potential range of 1.7 V was constructed with pure VACNTs and VN-350 as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively. The ASC delivers a high energy density of 32.3 Wh kg -1 at a power density of 118 W kg -1 and satisfactory cycling life with capacitance retention of 76% after 5000 cycles., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)