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The aim of the study was to analyze the use of assessment tools and the experience of managing the quality of education in the electronic information and educational environment of the university on the example of Tomsk State University in the context of the changes that occurred during the pandemic COVID-19. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the system of higher education in Russia is developing in the context of a permanent change in the requirements for it, internal and external challenges, which determines the need for a consistent response while maintaining the fundamental foundations of this social institution.Materials and methods. The authors relied on a systematic approach to create a holistic review of the available tools for assessing and managing the quality of e-learning at Tomsk State University, an activity approach to identify the transformation of the range of tools used, depending on the increase in the subjectivity of participants in the educational process. The following methods were used in the work: analysis of pedagogical, scientific, technical and methodological literature on the research problem, systematization, generalization, analysis, observation, statistical methods for processing results.Results. The study summarizes and describes the experience of Tomsk State University in using assessment tools and quality management practices of e-learning at the university before the pandemic COVID-19, which made it possible to effectively switch to a forced remote format of student learning. These are the analysis of educational data obtained based on the learning management system MOODLE, the assessment of the quality of e-learning using feedback, and the expertise of e-learning courses. Also study systematized and described new tools for analyzing, evaluating, monitoring, improving and predicting the quality of e-learning, introduced at the university in the context of the pandemic COVID-19, which together made it possible to lay the foundation for the transition of the university to a blended learning model in the post-pandemic period. These were activity monitoring of the subjects of the educational process with the ranking of the measured index, changes in personnel policy, digital diploma supplement etc. The developed tools make it possible to manage the quality of e-learning based on data, and reach the management of the quality of education as a whole through the “balancing” of the structure and content of all components of the educational program.Conclusion. The system for the implementation of e-learning of Tomsk State University ensured the harmonious integration of educational activities using distance learning technologies into the experience of educational interaction between professors and students. It remains possible to maintain the stability and quality of lectures and practical classes, and often enrich them through the capabilities of digital tools. Further expansion of the set of applied tools for assessing and ensuring the quality of e-learning in the university made it possible to organize a transition to a distance learning format, and created the basis for meaningful consolidation of a mixed learning model at the university in the post-pandemic period.

The seasonal ice cover in lakes of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is a transient and vulnerable part of the cryosphere, whose characteristics depend on the regional climate: strong solar radiation in the context of the dry and cold environment because of the high altitude and relatively low latitude. We use the first under-ice temperature observations from the largest Tibetan freshwater lake, Ngoring Lake, and a one-dimensional lake model to quantify the mechanism of solar thermal accumulation under ice, which relies on the ice optical properties and weather conditions, as well as the effect of the accumulated heat on the land–atmosphere heat exchange after the ice breakup. The model was able to realistically simulate the feature of the Ngoring Lake thermal regime: the “summer-like” temperature stratification with temperatures exceeding the maximum density point of 3.98 ∘C across the bulk of the freshwater column. A series of sensitivity experiments revealed solar radiation was the major source of under-ice warming and demonstrated that the warming phenomenon was highly sensitive to the optical properties of ice. The heat accumulated under ice contributed to the heat release from the lake to the atmosphere for 1–2 months after ice-off, increasing the upward sensible and latent surface heat fluxes on average by ∼ 50 and ∼ 80 W m−2, respectively. Therefore, the delayed effect of heat release on the land–atmosphere interaction requires an adequate representation in regional climate modeling of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and other lake-rich alpine areas.

Cold atmospheric plasma has become a widespread tool in bacterial decontamination, harnessing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species to neutralize bacteria on surfaces and in the air. This technology is often employed in healthcare, food processing, water treatment, etc. One of the most energy-efficient and universal methods for creating cold atmospheric plasma is the initiation of a piezoelectric direct discharge. The article presents a study of the bactericidal effect of piezoelectric direct discharge plasma generated using the multifunctional source “CAPKO”. This device allows for the modification of the method of plasma generation “on the fly” by replacing a unit (cap) on the working device. The results of the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in a buffer solution in the modes of direct discharge in air and a plasma jet with an argon flow are presented. The bactericidal effect of these types of plasma against the bacteria E. coli BL21 (DE3) was studied. The issues of scaling the treatment technique are considered.

The question of the theory of global warming is being raised more and more every year. There are disputes, dialogues, and various conferences on this problem. Carbon grounds are being created everywhere for research. The world community is increasingly asking questions about decarbonization and carbon trace compensation, but the main problem is that there is no unified standardized methodology for accounting of production and absorption of carbon dioxide, there is no comprehensive monitoring system approved that allows us to receive real-time data from large territories at present. This review article examines the purpose of carbon grounds, the impact of greenhouse gases, the concept of a carbon trace, the goals of decarbonization and the existing monitoring problems. The actively used environmental monitoring posts are considered, and it is also proposed to supplement the existing list of posts with a mobile flying post (using an unmanned aerial vehicle). The planned structure of the information collection system and the block diagram of the unmanned aerial module are proposed. The article also notes that the more reliable the initial data will be in the calculation and forecasting, the more accurate the final result will be. Further necessary improvement of accuracy is possible only thanks to a deep integrated approach to monitoring the absorption and emission of greenhouse gases.

The article is devoted to the biodiversity of the ornifauna on the territory of the Chograisky Reserve. It is noted that the reserve is a center of attraction for a large number of waterfowl and, first of all, rare and endangered birds. It is shown that the reserve is geographically isolated and birds tend to water bodies located on the paths of seasonal bird migrations. Information on the biodiversity of bird species is presented. Of the vertebrates found in the Reserve, birds are the most representative in terms of species composition. The total number of bird species registered here is about 90 species. Taking into account biotic links of birds with water bodies, such groups as waterfowl, near-water birds and occasional birds were identified. Depending on the nature of nesting, method of feeding and degree of attachment to a water body in the development cycle, the largest number of species are surface waterfowl and diving species. birds are indicators of environmental conditions. High indicators of species diversity indicate stability and favorability of bird habitat factors on the territory of the Reserve. At present, a fairly stable system of bird communities has been formed in the area.

Affinity chromatography resins that are obtained by conjugation of matrices with proteins of bacterial origin, like protein A, are frequently used for the purification of numerous therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. This article presents the development of a biocatalytic method for the production of novel affinity resins with an immobilized mutant form of protein A via sortase A mediated reaction. The conditions for activation of the agarose Seplife 6FF matrix, selection of different types of linkers with free amino groups and conditions for immobilization of recombinant protein A on the surface of the activated matrix were studied. Finally, the basic operational properties, like dynamic binding capacity (DBC), temperature dependance of DBC and stability during the cleaning-in-place process of the affinity resin with the Gly-Gly-EDA-Gly-Gly linker, were assessed using recombinant hyperchimeric monoclonal antibodies. The main characteristics show comparable results with the widely used commercial samples.

Tafalgin (Taf) is a tetrapeptide opioid used in clinical practice in Russia as an analgesic drug for subcutaneous administration as a solution (4 mg/mL; concentration of 9 mM). We found that the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are another molecular target for this molecule. ASICs are proton-gated sodium channels that mediate nociception in the peripheral nervous system and contribute to fear and learning in the central nervous system. Using electrophysiological methods, we demonstrated that Taf could increase the integral current through heterologically expressed ASIC with half-maximal effective concentration values of 0.09 mM and 0.3 mM for rat and human ASIC3, respectively, and 1 mM for ASIC1a. The molecular mechanism of Taf action was shown to be binding to the channel in the resting state and slowing down the rate of desensitization. Taf did not compete for binding sites with both protons and ASIC3 antagonists, such as APETx2 and amiloride (Ami). Moreover, Taf and Ami together caused an unusual synergistic effect, which was manifested itself as the development of a pronounced second desensitizing component. Thus, the ability of Taf to act as a positive allosteric modulator of these channels could potentially cause promiscuous effects in clinical practice. This fact must be considered in patients’ treatment.

The study presents the first results from the multi-platform observational campaign carried out at the Mukhrino peatland in June 2022. The focus of the study is the quantification of spatial contrasts of the surface heat budget terms and methane emissions across the peatland, which arise due to the presence of microlandscape heterogeneities. It is found that surface temperature contrasts across the peatland exceeded 10 °C for clear-sky conditions both during day and night. Diurnal variation of surface temperature was strongest over ridges and drier hollows and was smallest over the waterlogged hollows and shallow lakes. This resulted in strong spatial variations of sensible heat flux (H) and Bowen ratio, while the latent heat varied much less. During the clear-sky days, H over ryam exceeded the one over the waterlogged hollow by more than a factor of two. The Bowen ratio amounted to about unity over ryam, which is similar to values over forests. Methane emissions estimated using the static-chamber method also strongly varied between various microlandscapes, being largest at a hollow within a ridge-hollow complex and smallest at a ridge. A strong nocturnal increase in methane mixing ratio was observed and was used in the framework of the atmospheric boundary layer budget method to estimate nocturnal methane emissions, which were found to be in the same order of magnitude as daytime emissions. Finally, the directions for further research are outlined, including the verification of flux-aggregation techniques, parameterizations of surface roughness and turbulent exchange, and land-surface model evaluation and development.

The effects of residual radiation from atomic bombs have been considered to be minimal because of its low levels of external radioactivity. However, studies involving atomic bomb survivors exposed to only residual radiation in Hiroshima and Nagasaki have indicated possible adverse health effects. Thus, we investigated the biological effects of radioactive dust of manganese dioxide 56 (56MnO2), a major radioisotope formed in soil by neutron beams from a bomb. Previously, we investigated C57BL mice exposed to 56MnO2 and found pulmonary gene expression changes despite low radiation doses. In this study, we examined the effects in a radiation-sensitive strain of mice, BALB/c, and compared them with those in C57BL mice. The animals were exposed to 56MnO2 particles at two radioactivity levels and examined 3 and 65 days after exposure. The mRNA expression of pulmonary pathophysiology markers, including Aqp1, Aqp5, and Smad7, and radiation-sensitive genes, including Bax, Phlda3, and Faim3, was determined in the lungs. The radiation doses absorbed in the lungs ranged from 110 to 380 mGy; no significant difference was observed between the two strains. No exposure-related pathological changes were observed in the lungs of any group. However, the mRNA expression of Aqp1 was significantly elevated in C57BL mice but not in BALB/c mice 65 days after exposure, whereas no changes were observed in external γ-rays (2 Gy) in either strain. In contrast, Faim3, a radiation-dependently downregulated gene, was reduced by 56MnO2 exposure in BALB/c mice but not in C57BL mice. These data demonstrate that inhalation exposure to 56MnO2 affected the expression of pulmonary genes at doses

The mechanistic model LAKE2.3 was tested for its capability to predict of methane (CH4) emissions from reservoirs. Estimates of CH4 emissions from the Mozhaysk reservoir (Moscow region) provided by the model showed good agreement with instrumental in situ observations for several parameters of the water ecosystem. The average CH4 flux calculated by the model is 37.7 mgC-CH4 m−2 day−1, while according to observations, it is 34.4 mgC-CH4 m−2 day−1. Ebullition makes the largest contribution to the emissions from reservoirs (up to 95%) due to low methane solubility in water and the high oxidation rate of diffusive methane flux. During the heating period, an increase in methane emission is observed both in the model and empirical data, with a maximum before the onset of the autumn overturn. An effective parameter for calibrating the diffusive methane flux in the model is the potential rate of methane oxidation. For ebullition flux, it is the parameter q10 (an empirical parameter determining the relationship between methane generation and temperature) because methane production in bottom sediments is the most important. The results of this research can be used to develop mechanistic models and provide a necessary step toward regional and global simulations of lacustrine methane emission using LAKE2.3.

The study describes the peculiarities of the development of uric acid produced by lesser grain borers Rhizopertha dominica during their vital activities in the grain mass. Pollution of grain by insects makes it poisonous. The conventional determination of grain pollution by the number of insects in the intergrain space in several cases (for example, after grain separation) gives a false picture of its actual hazard for human nutrition, which is a possibility for introduction of falsified grain products to the market. This leads to provision of the population with low-quality primary products, which, subsequently, reduces the quality of foods produced from such grain. During their vital activities, insects pollute grain with uric acid, which analysis is proposed as an alternative to the conventional method. The present study is devoted to the determination of the quantitative dependence of uric acid formation in wheat grain on the number of Rhizopertha dominica. It is shown that uric acid formation in grain by this pest is conditioned by the character of its nutrition with the development of a large amount of excrements in a form of fine gray dust with the characteristic odor commonly referred to as “floury dust”. It was established experimentally that the main part of uric acid excreted by the pest is concentrated in “floury dust”. Grain without “floury dust” contains the insignificant amount of uric acid; however, it is closely linked with the density of its pollution with imago Rh. dominica. As grain before milling in milling plants is subjected to thorough cleaning, during which “floury dust” is removed along with other contaminants, it is recommended to sift “floury dust” from grain before determination of uric acid in it.

We study criteria for the existence of the Green-Samoilenko function for linear extensions of dynamical systems on a torus. The structures of Lyapunov functions and Green-Samoilenko functions are analyzed., A system of differential equations [Please download the PDF to view the mathematical expression] (1) where [phi] = ([[phi].sub.1], [[phi].sub.2],..,[[phi].sub.m]) and x = ([x.sub.1], [x.sub.2],..., [x.sub.n]), is called a linear [...]

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common tumor of the submucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract. With the development of diagnostic methods, the incidence of GIST cases has increased significantly. Similarly, the prevalence of morbid obesity has increased significantly in the last decade. It is known from the literature that the incidence of GIST in obese patients is higher than in the general population. Although marginal and sparing resection is the first treatment for GIST, depending on the size and location of the tumor, broader surgery should also be considered. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most popular bariatric procedures. It can also be an option for concomitant treatment of both morbid obesity and gastric GIST when the tumor is within the range of sleeve resection.

The problem of timely diagnosis and proper management of patients with cystic fibrosis is crucial not only in our country, but throughout the world. Experts of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia have considered various issues of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of this genetic disease in a modern light. Particular attention was paid to screening methods for early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. The principles of complex therapy were justified, including rational use of antibacterial and mucolytic drugs and enzyme replacement therapy that significantly determine the disease prognosis.

Сreation of indoor lighting systems with the possibility of changing its parameters in space and time is a promising direction within the framework of the intellectual environment system. The aim of this work was to create a methodology for calculating the illumination created by LED matrices which does not require the use of specialized software products and is adapted to the possibility of varying the parameters of LEDs and illuminated rooms.The urgency of creating a room lighting system that simulates the conditions of natural lighting taking into account the need to change its spectral composition in time, in space taking into account the physical and psychological state of a person is substantiated. The possibility of using well-known computer programs to calculate the distribution of illumination in the room is analyzed.A method has been developed for calculating the distribution of illumination on a plane using both a flat LED matrix and a matrix with an inclined arrangement of the planes of individual LEDs. It is shown that the distribution of illumination is a function of the indicatrix of the light intensity of the LED, its location in space, the number of LEDs in the matrix.Illumination distribution has been calculated for various light sources consisting of RGB LEDs both for desktop and ceiling lighting was calculated. It is established that when using matrices containing the same LEDs distribution of illumination is very nonuniform. The inclined arrangement of LED planes slightly increases uniformity reducing the maximum illumination. For ceiling lighting the option of uniform distribution of LEDs within the ceiling plane provides more uniform illumination than when the same number of LEDs are arranged in groups of matrices.Results of LED sources modeling indicate the need to modernize simple orthogonal matrices containing the same type of elements with the same power modes for all elements in order to increase the uniformity of illumination and efficiency. Such modernization can be carried out by changing the geometry of matrices differentiating the power modes of individual LEDs. The developed calculation program can be supplemented with options for introducing the above changes, as well as options for analyzing the spectral distribution of light in space.

The aim of the article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the thioctic acid preparation in the complex therapy of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy at the preclinical stage.Materials and methods. A design is a prospective randomized study. A clinical and instrumental examination of 64 children with preclinical stage signs of diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (DCAN) was carried out. The cohort was divided into 2 groups: in the main and control groups, glycemic control was normalized by adjusting a dose of insulin therapy; in the main group, the children additionally received thioctic acid at the dose of 600 mg/day for 3 months. To control the effectiveness of the therapy, the technique of laser Doppler flowmetry was used.Results. After the pharmacological intervention, there was an improvement in the disease course, normalization of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, increased vasomotor mechanisms of the regulation of the tissue blood flow due to an increase in endothelial and neurogenic kinds of activity in combination with a decrease in the intravascular tone and an increase in the effective perfusion in tissues. An increase in the heart rate variability was detected, positive dynamics of cardiovascular tests indicators according to D. Ewing, temporal (pNN50%, SDNN) and spectral indicators (VLF) were diagnosed. Achievement and maintenance of the target values of glycemic control indicators, as well as the absence of glycemic variability, turned out to be clinically significant for reducing the manifestations of neuropathy. The non-invasive technique of laser Doppler flowmetry is informative for the early diagnosis of DCAN in T1DM children.Conclusion. The carried out studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the lipoic acid use at the dose of 600 mg/day for 3 months in the children with DCAN signs at the preclinical stage. The method of laser Doppler flowmetry for determining indications and monitoring the effectiveness of therapy makes it possible to implement a personalized approach to prescribing preventive treatment in T1DM children.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of the project method as an innovative tool for the teaching of humanitarian subjects. The research used such methods as follows: questionnaire, observation, experiment, as well as statistical methods for data processing. In the course of the research, it was determined that the students who were engaged in the project activity, during the project, autonomously researched scientific, reference, educational, and methodological literature. A group of experts found that students' participation in project activities influenced the development of creative activity, and creative systemic thinking contributed to their self-organization. During the survey, it was determined that students' independent work on creating projects ensures the development of personal and functional components of selforganization. The research's scientific novelty lies in its exclusive focus on students studying humanitarian disciplines. The restricted scope of the experiment facilitated the identification of the project approach as such that it can be integrated into the academic system to enhance students' personal and practical proficiencies, thereby promoting their overall growth. Further research can be aimed at determining the effectiveness of using game methods in the course of teaching humanitarian disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plasmonic structural color originates from the scattering and absorption of visible light by metallic nanostructures. Stacks consisting of thin, disordered semicontinuous metal films are attractive plasmonic color media, as they can be mass-produced using industry-proven physical vapor deposition techniques. These films are comprised of random nano-island structures of various sizes and shapes resonating at different wavelengths. When irradiated with short-pulse lasers, the nanostructures are locally restructured, and their optical response is altered in a spectrally selective manner. Therefore, various colors are obtained. We demonstrate the generation of structural plasmonic colors through femtosecond laser modification of a thin aluminum film–isolator–metal mirror (TAFIM) structure. Laser-induced structuring of TAFIM's top aluminum film significantly alters the sample's specular and diffuse reflectance depending on the fluence value and the number of times a region is scanned. A "negative image" effect is possible, where a dark field observation mode image is a negative of a bright field mode image. This effect is visible using an optical microscope, the naked eye, and a digital camera. The use of self-passivating aluminum results in a long-lasting, non-fading coloration effect. The reported technique could be used in anti-counterfeiting and security applications, as well as in plasmonic color printing and macroscopic and microscopic marking for personalized fine arts and aesthetic products such as jewelry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroinflammation is considered to be one of the driving factors in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study was conducted using neuronal and glial cell cultures differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of healthy donors (HD) and PD patients with different PARK2 mutations (PD). Based on the results of RNA sequencing, qPCR and ELISA, we revealed transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes in HD and PD neurons cultivated in HD and PD glial-conditioned medium. We demonstrated that if one or both of the components of the system, neurons or glia, is Parkin-deficient, the interaction resulted in the down-regulation of a number of key genes related to inflammatory intracellular pathways and negative regulation of apoptosis in neurons, which might be neuroprotective. In PD neurons, the stress-induced up-regulation of APLNR was significantly stronger compared to HD neurons and was diminished by glial soluble factors, both HD and PD. PD neurons in PD glial conditioned medium increased APLN expression and also up-regulated apelin synthesis and release into intracellular fluid, which represented another compensatory action. Overall, the reported results indicate that neuronal self-defense mechanisms contribute to cell survival, which might be characteristic of PD patients with Parkin-deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]