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In general, history is a construction of the past that should use models, methods, and concepts of other social sciences to explain the changes or events throughout human life and civilization. Thus, the assumption that history should be explained from a broader perspective of social sciences and the deep analysis of social theory has transformed the need for an interdisciplinary approach in history education. In the quest for an advanced learning approach to history education, this article proposes integrative learning as an approach that could meet the need for the integration of various perspectives and theories from social science disciplines in learning history. Constructively explained through a systematic literature review of related studies oriented towards history, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and integrative learning, this article works on the possibility of integration encompassing four steps, namely establishing a purpose, understanding and leveraging disciplinary insights, leveraging integration, and critical stance. Despite the lack of empirical research, integrative learning is a promising concept that could improve the method of fostering high-order thinking skills in history education.

A socio-scientific issue is one of the learning techniques used today, which uses various scientific sources to make students think scientifically to conduct a dialogue and discuss solving a problem. Various problems in socio-scientific are controversial, requiring reasoning, and ethical evaluation in the decision-making process. A conflict between chemical reason and students' social point of view will cause students' different assessments and attitudes towards the socio-scientific issue. This study is a research and development (R&D) that focuses on the instrument's validity with the factor analysis technique to assess attitudes towards the socioscientific issue in chemistry learning. CFA and EFA analysis found five factors in the tool: anxiety, interests, likes, benefits, confidence, validity, and reliability. The total reliability coefficient is 0.853. Of the eight instrument feasibility analysis requirements, seven instruments were declared fit to meet construct validity.

Crowdsourcing is an important tool for collecting spatio-temporal data, which has various applications in education. The objectives of this study were to develop and test a laboratory exercise on soil erosion by water and field data crowdsourcing in an online introductory soil science course (FNR 2040: Soil Information Systems) at Clemson University. Students from different STEM disciplines (wildlife biology, forestry, and environmental and natural resources) participated in the study in the fall of 2021. They completed a sequence of self-contained digital teaching modules or reusable learning objects (RLOs), which are often used in online learning. The exercise included a field exercise and learning module to teach students about different types of water-based soil erosion as well as field data collection and crowdsourcing tools. As a result of this exercise, student familiarity with crowdsourcing was effectively increased, as shown by the post-assessment survey with a +31.2% increase in the "moderately familiar" category and a +28.3% increase in the "extremely familiar" category. The online quiz contained ten questions and was taken by 56 students with an average score of 9.5 (out of 10). A post-assessment survey found that most of the students indicated that the laboratory was an effective learning experience about field data crowdsourcing using a GPS-enabled cellphone application. Detailed students' comments indicated enjoyment of learning (e.g., data collection, learning about different technologies), the value of multimedia (e.g., ArcGIS Survey123, cellphone), the flexibility of learning (e.g., field work), the content applicability (e.g., actual field examples of erosion by water), and criticism (e.g., technical issues). A word cloud derived from students' comments about their laboratory exercise experience indicated the most frequent words used by students, such as "erosion", "enjoyed", and "different", among others. Incorporating a learning module and field exercise using modern data collection technology into an undergraduate soil science education course enabled students to understand the value and methods for leveraging cellphone-based field collection methods to crowdsource data for environmental assessment. Practical recommendations for planning and executing future crowdsourcing exercises were developed using the current study as an example.

The impact of hate speech, both on a personal and social level, has increased due to social media. This has made it the focus of interest of numerous scientific journals, which increases the visibility of this global problem. The aim of this research is to analyse the basic descriptive metrics of the scientific production on hate speech and social media, as well as to explore the interdisciplinarity of these approaches. A bibliometric study has been carried out on the basis of the works indexed in the Scopus database related to the binomial 'hate speech' and 'social media' over a period of 20 years (2001 to 2020). The metrics used show that it is from 2017 onwards when this topic begins to arouse greater interest among researchers and that they constitute a sufficient indicator to consider the topic as one of interest to the scientific community. The joint research between both concepts raises its quality levels from a strictly metric point of view. 'Computer Science' and 'Social Sciences' are the two areas that clearly define the scientific production on this subject. The inversion of percentages in terms of the areas of origin of the works and citations in these two areas, is evidence of this interdisciplinarity. The indicators obtained show the relevance and transcendence of a social problem in the face of which proactive measures must be implemented.

This design case introduces a design and development process of theories from environmental psychology, humanities, and social sciences as heuristic thinking devices to measure human-centered design solutions. The pedagogical review of the traditional studio design process revealed obstacles as students translated their research and program to the development of the design. They created the latter without applying their theoretical understanding of research conducted on the human-environment relationship. Given this challenge, the authors evolved a revised design method utilizing theories to afford an empathetic design response. Students in two interior design studios adopted this approach to develop hypotheses for the design problem, and later the theories informed guidelines for cultivating a more empathetic design response. Project analysis by authors, and reflection statements from the students, capture the value of theory as thinking devices to assist directly in their work by improving their position and power, prompting a more imaginative and generative ideation process. The role of this design case is to acknowledge the role of theory as a heuristic device in order to generate, develop, and support the advancement of interior design as a discipline through interaction, mediation, and discourse.

This paper provides a reflection on the way changes taking place in doctoral education are being perceived and internalized by doctoral students. The Doctoral perceptions are analyzed through Ph.D. candidates' motivations to enroll in the program and to their levels of satisfaction with the supervision experience. Comparisons between national and international students, as well as differences according to doctoral programs' scientific areas, i.e., between students enrolled in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and in Social Sciences, Languages and Humanities (SSLH) are established. Based on a case study developed in a Portuguese university, conclusions point to the dominance of a romanticized, traditional view of doctoral education, with the academic profession at its core. This view is mostly shared by international students and those from SSLH scientific areas. In turn, national Ph.D. candidates and those from STEM areas have incorporated a more instrumental view of doctoral education, aiming for training participants to professions outside academia.

Traditional houses are part of the culture of every country. Indonesia is a country that has a variety of traditional houses. The traditional Banyuwangi house is known as the "Using" house. This house can be explored in terms of ethnomathematics and used as part of learning mathematics. This research is focused on knowing and describing mathematics learning that integrates the ethnomathematics of "Using" house, thematic, and connected models. The research was also conducted to determine the effectiveness of the learning that has been carried out. The results showed that the use of the "Using" house in ethnomathematical-thematic-connected-based mathematics learning: (1) could be done using the trivium concept (literacy, matheracy, and technoracy); (2) can be done thematically by integrating four subjects (Indonesian, social sciences, fine arts, and mathematics); (3) can be connected by integrating two mathematical concepts (two-dimensional geometry and arithmetic); (4) through seven phases of learning; and (5) effective because 80% of students can solve problems as expected.

The climate emergency mandates a refocusing of society and education on the relationship between humans and the more-than-human world. Emerging from decades of social constructionism that openly promoted climate science denial, social and educational theorising now engages with new materialist philosophies and the agency of matter. Physicist Karen Barad's book Meeting the Universe Halfway, cited over 13,000 times, offers an ontological foundation for new materialism based on her idiosyncratic application of quantum physics. While critically reviewing Barad, I found myself unexpectedly "sliding back down" into the terrain of my physicist pastime, rereading quantum mechanics in depth. I reflect here on how this "ontological detour" empowered me to "climb up a ladder" towards the theoretical foundation for my PhD project in climate change education. I argue that ontological grounding and cross-disciplinary engagement are vital for advancing research and gaining perspectives through lateral connections.

This study aims to determine the effect of the geographical inquiry learning model with the SETS approach on complex problem-solving abilities. The hypothesis in this study consists of H0 (There is no difference in the effect of the geographical inquiry learning model with the SETS approach on the students' CPS abilities) and H1 (There is a difference in the effect of the geographical inquiry learning model with the SETS approach on the students' CPS abilities). The research used quasiexperimental research with a pre-posttest control group design and Independent Sample T-Test from the results of the N-Gain Score as data analysis. The population in this study was the Class XI Social Sciences in high school level in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year at MAN Kota Batu, Indonesia, using a purposive sampling technique. The research subjects consisted of 70 students (35 students in the experimental group and 35 in the control group). The research was carried out in the study of Geography, with the subject matter of Environmental Impact Analysis. The results of the Sig (2-tailed) showed a score of 0.000 < 0.05. The experimental class had an average score of 85.06 for CPS abilities, higher than the control class's 71.2. According to the findings, the geographical inquiry learning model with the SETS approach greatly impacts CPS abilities. This research proves that the geographical inquiry learning model with the SETS approach positively affects complex problem-solving abilities following the 21st-century learning objectives.

This study aims to analyze and describe the response patterns of school exam participants based on the person fit method. This research is a quantitative study with a focus on research on social science elementary school examinations as many as 15 multiple choice items and 137 participant answer sheets. Data collection techniques were carried out with documentation by collecting the participants' exam results and then being scored based on the answer key. The data analysis technique used is statistical person fit analysis with the Rasch Model. Data were analyzed using the R Program with the package latent trait model (ltm). The results showed that as many as 93 or about 67.9% of examinees detected fit or were categorized as having rational response patterns and as many as 44 examinees or around 32.1% of examinees were detected as not fit or categorized as having irrational response patterns. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that most elementary school exam participants had a response pattern that was fit (had a rational response pattern).

Although there are numerous studies and discussions about the concept of value, it is claimed to lack an objective basis. The concept of value is difficult to define from a single perspective because it relates to many disciplines, especially the social sciences. Philosophy, sociology, psychology, religious sciences, anthropology, and historical sciences have attributed different meanings to the concept of value. However, the fact that the concept of value is related to human behavior has been a common point in all disciplines of social sciences. Values are essential in terms of social sciences because they interpret human behavior (Ulusoy & Dilmaç, 2016). Therefore, this study aimed to determine what academics thought about the core values lost in society and what kind of solutions they offered to that problem. The sample consisted of 16 academics from Van Yuzuncu Yil University/Turkey. The sample consisted of 12 men and 4 women. The study adopted a qualitative research design. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The findings focused on participants' views of the concept of values, the values lost in society, values problems, and solutions to the lost values.

The study of academic achievement continues to be one of the "star" topics in the field of education today because of its great importance as an indicator for assessing educational quality and has therefore been studied from various perspectives. In this regard, the aim of this study was to study which dimensions of self-concept (behavioral, intellectual, physical, lack of anxiety, social or popularity and subjective happiness-life satisfaction) predict performance in each core subjects (Spanish Language and Literature, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences and First Foreign Language (English)). For this purpose, a sample of 116 students from the last cycle of Primary Education (10-12 years) was selected by accessibility and administered a multidimensional Self-Concept Scale. The data were analyzed using the multiple linear regression technique, evaluating the Root Mean Squared Error, statistical power and effect size in all of them. The main results show that intellectual self-concept is the most important predictor of academic achievement (p<0.05). Therefore, schools should be aware of the importance of fostering confidence and expectations of success in students' academic tasks.

Education is a fundamental tool to make a country's society equitable, just, and respectful of the environment. As primary education is compulsory for a country's population, it allows building knowledge and skills to promote sustainable development, in this sense, it is necessary to examine whether the primary education curricular bases offer learning opportunities and contexts for students at this stage to develop their awareness, knowledge and skills in a sustainable way. The qualitative methodology was used, specifically, the content analysis to analyze the 24 Chilean primary programs of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences under the cognitive domain of "Education for sustainable development" (ESD) and in terms of their learning objectives with the sustainability development goals (SDGs). The results show that an interdisciplinary stochastic education in the context of the curricular learning of Social Sciences and Natural Sciences provides learning opportunities to develop ESD at the different levels that make up primary education. It is observed that the Natural Sciences and Social Sciences curricula at all levels of primary education lead to ESD are being developed in an interdisciplinary manner (with these two subjects and stochastic themes).

At the dawn of the 21st century--when your author, who is now an educator, was in college--the United States was the sole global superpower. But the world changed with the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, as well as other events that remade the world in which current students now study. As an educator, I can explain that the structure of the world, termed "world orders," can subsist of underlying world "sub-orders," and "suborder traits" which even underlie them historically, and how students can outline them. In this way, while political-economic history looks to be constantly repeating itself, with the alignment of "traits" changing, what is considered "modern" and how we go about teaching it in history, political, and economic courses is the research aim of this article. Unlike the historian, whose job it is to identify such "traits," the social scientist should attempt to measure their importance; as educators, we need to point this difference out to students. These new ideas come from an educator with a background in both history and the social sciences. The article summarizes the current world order and concludes with a discussion of what "future" world orders might be, based on sub-orders, while offering ideas for educators to use for students, many of whom will be future scholars, on how to measure which world orders and "sub-orders" are generationally and empirically "modern."

Purpose: This report provides an overview of social science education in primary and secondary education in Sweden with the purpose of introducing the international research community to policy-related issues concerning citizenship education, educational institutions and the scholarly state of the art. The principal topics are: a context of Sweden and its educational setting, the current policy documents and upcoming reforms, the state of teaching and teacher education, and the state of the art of Swedish social science education theory and research. Findings: Social science education holds a strong position as the main agent of citizenship education in Swedish schools and is a mandatory subject in every school year. The current and upcoming syllabi both emphasise disciplinary knowledge as well as citizenship education. Sweden has a growing community of researchers, but this community is somewhat fragmented because researchers originate from different disciplines.

This study explores the challenges preservice teachers encounter: (a) in their teacher-becoming trajectory; and (b) with the implementation of social education contents in Nigeria. Understanding these is important for effective social education reforms. Narrative and observation methods were used for the study. The study drew on: (a) the stories of 37 social education preservice (SEP) teachers about their teacher-becoming trajectory and teaching practice exercise; and (b) a three-year observation of 110 SEP teachers' teaching practicum fieldworks in 12 schools to realize its objectives. Findings show professional harassment and a lack of standard learning materials as challenges social education preservice teachers encounter in their teacher-becoming. On teaching practicum, SEP teachers noted some benefits (e.g., exposure to different worldviews and nurturing of the younger generation) derived from teaching practicum; they emphasized stress, anxiety, and students' misbehaviors as challenges. SEP teachers had challenges with teaching contemporary social contents: They were oblivious of how their classroom discussions impact global issues, disregarded the sociocultural relevance of their instruction, and reproduced social issues, including political and gender problems, through their classroom practices. Guided by a sociocultural theory perspective, the study concludes with a discussion of social educators' knowledge and competency skill needs in a changing world.

Purpose: The paper provides an overview of the current state of school social science education in Ukraine, whose development is considered in the context of its internal and external challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis of the regulatory documents, school social science curriculum and course syllabi as well as publications and interviews with the stakeholders are the methods applied to identify the mission, content and current challenges of social science education. Findings: The underlying concept is based on universal human, European and national values, respect for Ukrainian traditions and the traditions of other cultures and ethnic groups, principles of democracy, human rights and freedoms. Being a dynamic area of education, school social science is undergoing a transformation under the New Ukrainian School reform focusing on competency based integrative approach to education. The Russian military aggression against the country is another transformation factor that is currently being addressed.

Purpose: The main aim of this article is to analyze Estonian civics and citizenship education. We focus on multi-level policy design and implementation, teachers' roles, and educational practices in the classroom. In order to achieve the aim, we analyzed the national curricula from the citizenship normative perspective, conducted interviews with teachers and students. Findings: Our main findings are related to the controversies related to theory and practice - the overload of curricula and emphasis on knowledge means that teachers play a key role in implementing citizenship education in Estonia. We conclude by giving policy suggestions related to the curricula development and separately focusing on minority schools.

Purpose: The 'globalisation backlash' poses a challenge to society and civic education. This article develops future approaches to teaching globalisation by drawing on past concepts of economic education. Approach: An in-depth literature review on the contemporary challenges of globalisation is given and compared to the conventional approaches of teaching globalisation. Past concepts of economic education are introduced and examined for their applicability in this context. Findings: Since the 'globalisation backlash' is rooted in subjective experiences of the local environment, approaches such as lifeworld-orientation are useful to activated students' understandings. Socio-economic approaches can complement this with sociological, economic, and political theories that reveal the mechanisms behind personal experiences. Practical implications: Diagnostic teaching becomes necessary to link the students' realm of experience and globalised reality. [Note: The page numbers (93-95) shown following page 124 are incorrect. The correct page numbers are 125-127.]

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to contribute to a discussion about quality for social science teaching and in continuation hereof to develop a tool for social science classroom observation and interpretation, for both direct and video-based observation. Design/methodology/approach: Classroom teaching is communication. Therefore, it is crucial that an analysis of quality of social science teaching includes a focus on communicative quality. The theoretical basis of the article is therefore threefold: (1) A Bakhtin-inspired communicative approach, (2) sociocultural ethnographic classroom research, and (3) social science didactics/social science teaching discourse. Discourse is not only understood as language, but as language in context, which means that it is not only communication as spoken words, utterances, but also communication as actions (doings) that count as disciplinary work. Findings: It is concluded that communicative quality in social science teaching, and perhaps in teaching in general, can be observed as utterances in the classroom analysed for their coherence between form, content, and goal (intended function), which accordingly are the basic elements of an observation tool developed. When utterances are recurring and thus form patterns, they are called practices. The tool aims to keep focus on form, content, and goal (intended function) of the basic subject discourse, which functions as an underlying structuring of classroom communication. It is also concluded that the normative basis for social science teaching can be operationalized and thus serve as a guidance of interpretations of observations made in the classroom of the form and content of teaching. Research limitations/implications: The tool is designed to focus specifically on social science quality. It is not a suggestion to disregard generic conditions in the teaching, and therefore the use of the tool presupposes that this is done in connection with a generic observational focus. The tool has not been tested on a large scale, and therefore it must be expected that it will have to be further developed during use.

In this era of pandemics, asylum seekers, and conflict between super powers, social sciences are a critical subject that can help develop young people who can not only recognise racial and social discrimination but also injustices at a regional, national, and global scale. Mainstream subjects, such as sociology, routinely support learning in the social sciences area. As a science/biology teacher, I wanted to find out whether biosecurity science could be used to support learning in the social sciences area. My interest in biosecurity stems from personal and professional experiences in New Zealand. Further, in my own pedagogical experience, teaching science/biology in schools, I found young people (15-18 years) were unfamiliar with the concept of biosecurity in New Zealand. Considering my experiences, I set out to conduct research to look at the efficacy of using biosecurity in teaching and learning. This paper reports on the experience of one Year 13 social science teacher who used biosecurity content to teach in the social sciences learning area. Classroom observations and individual teacher interviews were used to gather data. The results show that biosecurity content engaged Year 13 social sciences students in the classroom and that the teacher used transformational learning theory to engage his students into undertaking social action related to biosecurity. Given the importance of biosecurity to New Zealand, this paper shows that social sciences as a learning area could support teaching and learning about biosecurity.

Students need to possess sensitivity to the environment in order to behave positively when they notice a problem and find the right solution. This study intends to investigate whether the PBHL model affects the environmental sensitivity of Social Science Education students on environmental issues and conservation materials. The quasi-experimental design of the pretest-posttest controlled group was used in this study. Students of the Social Science Education Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia, were selected as research subjects using a purposive sampling technique. The research subjects were determined to consist of class D as the experimental class (29 students) and class B as the control class (29 students). Questionnaires with a Likert scale of 1 (strongly disagree) -- 4 (strongly agree) were used in taking student environmental sensitivity data on environmental issues and conservation materials, totaling 28 items with indicators: knowledge, attitudes, and skills. Subsequently, the data were tested for normality and homogeneity and analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results showed that the PBHL model had a significant effect on the environmental sensitivity of Social Science Education students on environmental issues and conservation materials ((p (0.009) < [alpha] (0.05)). The average results of the sensitivity of the experimental class environment (N-Gain = 13.29) were higher than the control class (N-Gain = 8.75). This goal can be achieved through the syntax in the PBHL model. The suggestion for further research is that it is necessary to develop further by combining the PBHL model and interactive mobile learning media as a means for students to investigate and actualize problem-solving.

Increasingly across many UK higher education institutions staff and students are questioning and challenging systemic inequalities that affect racially minoritised groups in their learning and sense of belonging within the curriculum. Students are calling for inclusion of diverse sources of knowledge and perspectives, especially from scholars of colour and from the Global South, to enrich what is currently perceived to be a Eurocentric canon. One way to promote more culturally aligned pedagogy is through diversifying reading lists. This article presents findings from two pilot studies that explored the reading lists in one department in social sciences and one in the humanities at the University of Kent, UK. Applying critical race theory as a guiding framework, the first part of the article examines the ways in which a diverse curriculum must include the voices of the marginalised. It then describes the methods: a desk-based review of the reading lists, interviews with academics to inform the work, disseminate the findings, instigate further action and identify future needs, and student focus groups. Crucially, the project resulted from the collaboration between students and staff, and across departments and disciplines. We found that reading lists in both departments overwhelmingly comprised items by White male authors. Students and staff both reflected on the importance of not only curriculum diversification but also barriers to diversification and decolonisation. The article discusses the impact of this project, which has led to a Diversity Mark process, and the Diversity Mark Toolkit, which can be used in any discipline when putting together reading lists to create a more culturally competent curriculum. It concludes by considering other systemic changes needed, with particular attention to changes needed in library services and collections.

This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between prospective teachers' beliefs about the need for multicultural education and their self-efficacy perceptions about multicultural education. Descriptive and correlational survey models were used in the research. The research sample composed of 251 prospective classroom and social sciences teachers at a state university in Turkey participated in the study. The research sample was obtained using the convenience sampling method. Data collection tools consisting of the Personal Information Form, Self-Efficacy Perceptions for Multicultural Education and Beliefs about the Necessity of Multicultural Education scales were used. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multivariate variance analysis and path model were used to analyse the research data. The findings show that prospective teachers have a high level of participation in their beliefs about the self-efficacy and necessity of multicultural education. In addition, there was no significant difference between prospective teachers' beliefs about the need for multicultural education and their self-efficacy perceptions of multicultural education in terms of gender and department. A moderate positive relationship was found between prospective teachers' beliefs regarding the necessity of multicultural education and their self-efficacy perceptions toward multicultural education. The prospective teachers' beliefs about the need for multicultural education significantly predicted multicultural education self-efficacy perceptions.

Purpose: The aim is to analyse linguistic aspects of education in Social Sciences for L2 students. Method: Linguistic ethnography is used for studying the hybridity of Social Sciences with material from nine lesson observations and interviews with three teachers. Findings: Findings showed that students' earlier experiences, knowledge, and perspectives on life were not acknowledged. The Third space appears as a transitional space where students are perceived as deficient, not yet reaching the goal of the introduction programme: to enter mainstream education. Students' agency was related to this space where the transformation was expected to take place, while teachers positioned themselves as outside, and the knowledge presented was simplified and fragmentized. While teachers expressed dissatisfaction with students' (lacking) Swedish proficiency, they did not seem to understand their own role to teach Swedish through Social Sciences. Implications: This shows that subject teachers need to learn linguistic aspects of their own subject and conditions for L2 students' learning.

The research-practice divide between social scientists and educators is a persistent problem for the accurate communication and translation of social scientific research into pedagogical practice. This paper uses mindset theory as a case study, arguing that the social scientific theories transcending the research-practice divide tend to be those that align with the professional commitments of educators. Concretely, mindset theory was accepted into the language of K-12 education due in part to a perceived alignment between academic research concerning growth mindset and pedagogical values commonly held by educators. Resulting from this superficial overlap, growth mindset has often been taken up too quickly in applied settings as an ill-defined, uncritically positive, and expansive pedagogical orientation. Social scientific evidence does not warrant such an understanding of growth mindset. Failure to acknowledge the importance of educational values in the uptake of educational research may lead to continued misunderstandings between teachers and education researchers.

The principal objective of this study was to profile qualitative research in social sciences through a comprehensive examination of 10,637 documents. An analysis on how scholars from central/peripheral countries included in the qualitative research citations/publications is presented. Central/peripheral distinction is used to determine the trends in the globalization of qualitative research. With the comprehensive examination, this paper will shed light on the discussion of the patterns of globalization in qualitative research. Science mapping technique among bibliometric methods was employed. This paper is based on studies that published in journals that use the English word/term "qualitative" in their titles. The data for this study encompassed 10,637 documents published between 1995 and 2019 by 16,884 authors. Our findings reveal that qualitative research continue to be mostly North America- and Europe-centered initiatives. A similar situation is also observed for the most cited publications and the affiliated institutes of their authors. The studies focus primarily on the individuals' self and social experiences, social psychology, and their knowledge, attitude, and behaviors in education. The most cited publications and the institutions with the highest number of publications are all North America- and Europe-centered. Another finding is that six of every 10 qualitative research are about medical sciences.

Initial Teacher Education (ITE) reform in Australia has mandated that graduating teachers demonstrate their practice and 'impact' through the completion of a Teaching Performance Assessment (TPA) prior to graduation. The requirement to analyse 'impact' in teaching, requires a nuanced understanding of what 'impact' is and how it manifests in varied contemporary classrooms. This paper reports on how a sample of high-performing pre-service teachers from one Australian ITE institution, within a framework devised by Australia's largest TPA consortium, appraised the impact of their teaching in the context of the disciplinary area of Humanities and Social Sciences (HASS). How 'impact' was articulated through GTPA submissions revealed data-informed and holistic interpretations layered to include opportunistic teaching moments and relational and affective impact as well as analysis of cognitive progress. The paper also identifies ways in which analysis of impact might be further finessed with greater attention to pedagogical content knowledge and discipline-specific progression.

Given the widespread ideological polarization of the current times, cultivating ways to empathize across difference has never been more important. In this essay, we outline Free Listening (FL), a pedagogical practice that helps people grow their capacity to empathetically engage others across difference by engaging in structured sessions of active empathetic listening. Our prior work demonstrates that the structured practice of FL has both affective and practical implications for how students engage with others; students leave the practice with a greater sense of awareness, appreciation for other cultures, and ability to listen across cultural and ideological boundaries. We believe FL has great promise within the teaching-and-learning process in relation to civic and community engagement, service learning, and relational praxis. In this essay, we outline the practice of FL and review literature that helps elucidate what this practice is and does. Some key themes are discussed that reveal the valuable contributions of this practice as they have emerged from our students' and our own experience with/in FL. Finally, we trace the pedagogical implications of FL as they connect to theories of dialogue and dialogic praxis. Overall, we argue that FL should be a regular practice for pedagogues across the social sciences in order to cultivate in students the relational and empathetic skills that are needed to advance the project of depolarization--a project in which other-centeredness should be a defining feature.

It is possible to specify the concept of "digital", which is defined as "displaying data electronically on a screen" in the Turkish Dictionary, as an area in which human beings are most directly or indirectly affected. The digitalization moves of states with a systematic structure, especially in social issues, can be shown as the best example of this. In this context, developments in technology, communication and scientific studies, as well as showing their effects, made it necessary to reconsider the perception of citizenship in the social sense. The digitization of citizenship in the digital age also lets human beings re-evaluate economic, social and technological conditions. It also tries to determine what kind of position the human being, who is in a rapid and effective change, will be in this process. In this context, it can be stated that the importance of education will increase much more today, as it was in the past, in the integration of human beings, who are social beings, both to the society in which they live and to the world in a universal sense. Considering Turkey in particular, it can be said that the social studies course will be the course that the young individuals will encounter directly in schools within the framework of these issues and within the scope of the research topic. It also emerges that the content of the social studies course should consider the citizenship approach in the digitalized world in the context of the past, present and future of the individuals in this context. It is undeniable that it is important to determine the views of teachers who teach social studies in the teaching dimension about the phenomenon of digital citizenship and to make inferences about it. In this context, the research was shaped in a case study pattern and suggestions were presented within the framework of the results obtained.

Considering the desire and effort of human beings, who are social beings, to live together, each individual forming the society needs a particular importance. It is also necessary to support the desire of harmonious and healthy individuals to live together in a society consisting of different people in terms of quantity and quality, with different instruments. Apart from the communication, economics, law, theology, psychology, politics, demography, etc. fields, education and training activities come to the fore when the necessity of systematic learning and assimilation of different variables by individuals within a multi-disciplinary understanding. When the subject is considered from the point of view of individuals with specific learning difficulties, systematic studies are carried out through public or private institutions for their education in Turkey. Inclusive education is one of the practices that schools do in this context. The teachers of the social studies course, being one of the useful courses for the students to adapt and socialize with the society they live in, have important duties in terms of adapting the students with special learning difficulties to the society. It is thought to be necessary to determine the status, scope and purpose of educational activities for them and the suggestions presented in this framework. In this context, this research, which was conducted to determine the views of social studies teachers on inclusive education practices, was shaped in a case study pattern and suggestions were presented in accordance with the results obtained.

This paper describes the application of a "biosocial" approach to informal health and science education. As an engagement between biological and critical social sciences, biosocial theory has sought to re-articulate human bodies as fundamentally the product of interrelationships between the biological and social dimensions of human life. Applying this approach to health and science education, we conducted approximately 200 public demonstrations at a science museum with school-aged participants over a two-year period. These demonstrations were designed to describe cutting edge research into "biosocial mechanisms" such as allostatic load and epigenetics. We examined survey responses and informal conversation with participants in order to characterize key themes that emerged within these interactions. Our analysis identifies a distinct biosocial "science talk" characterized, at varying degrees of complexity, by an emphasis on complex inter-relationships between environments and biology, the mutability of bodies, and the role of social structures and personal experiences in shaping health outcomes. We argue that these forms of science talk reflect the highly individualized and relational functioning of the biosocial mechanisms. We contend that this approach is not only accessible and easily adaptable to informal science education, but of increasing relevance given the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Associations between students' socio-emotional learning skills and students' perceptions about their social sciences teachers' interpersonal behavior were investigated in this study. A primary level version of the "Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction" (QTI) was adapted into Turkish in order to gather the data concerning teacher interpersonal behaviors in the Turkish elementary classrooms. This process together with the collection of data concerning students' socio-emotional learning skills was performed in several state elementary schools with 386 students from Grade 5 and Grade 6. Descriptive statistics, Canonical Correlation Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (with Mplus) were utilized for the purposes of data analyses. The results revealed that the Turkish version of the QTI for primary schools demonstrated a reasonable fit with the data with some minor deviations. The results also indicated that students' perceptions about their teachers' leadership, helpful, uncertain and understanding behaviors were positively but admonishing, dissatisfied and strict behaviors were negatively related to students' socio-emotional learning skills.

This study which used survey model aims to examine the relationship between the multiple intelligence and learning styles of the Social Sciences High School and Science High School students. Multiple Intelligence Inventory and Learning Styles Inventory were used as data collection tools, which was conducted on 761 students from Social Sciences High School and Science High School. Mann Whitney-U test and point-biserial correlation analysis were used for data analysis. According to the findings, in the comparison of Social Sciences and Science High School types, it was found that mathematical and naturalist intelligence scores were more dominant in Science High School students. It was found that there is a statistically significant difference between the types of schools in which students attended the study in sensing/intuitive learning style. When the relationship between students' learning styles and their scores on multiple intelligence was examined, there were positive relationships, albeit low, in all four learning style dimensions. In line with these data, it is thought that the dimensions of learning style and multiple intelligence, in which individual differences manifest the most, will be considered, and it is thought that students will bring awareness of their own individual differences and individual success. [Note: The issue number (1) shown in the the suggested citation on the PDF is incorrect. The correct issue number is 3.]

Despite originating in the tech industry, hackathons have now been adopted in a variety of domains. However, little is known about the status of hackathon literature within educational research. As the number of studies grows, it is essential to develop an understanding of the current state and identify prevalent topics and trends shaping the literature. Toward this goal, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis and scoping review on hackathon research in the field of education. A total of 249 documents written by 1,309 authors and published in 180 unique sources for the period 2014-2022 were identified. Collectively, the dataset amassed 1,312 citations with an average of 6.69 citations per document. The most prevalent subject areas were computer science, social sciences, engineering, medicine, and business. Word frequency analysis showed that "innovation" was the most occurring word, which represents the fundamental objective of hackathon events. The most influential work was the analysis of hackathons as an informal learning platform. Engineering education was the most trending topic while healthcare is an emerging research cluster. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of the hackathon literature and its research landscape in an educational setting.

Pakistan introduced the Tenure Track System (TTS) as a new performance-based reform in public universities in 2005. The purpose of this study is to understand the experiences of higher education authorities, university leaders and tenure-track faculty about the implementation of this reform. This is a qualitative interpretive study and utilised a nested case study design, focusing on two cases--Science Faculty and Social Sciences and Humanities Faculty in a large provincial university. It utilises three perspectives taken from organisation theory--instrumental, cultural and myth perspectives. The main results show instrumental problems of hierarchical authority and horizontal coordination, lack of expertise to implement, cultural compatibility problems through active resistance from some groups and active use of symbols to modify the impression of a challenging reform implementations. Summing up, this is a Western-inspired reform that meet challenging conditions in Pakistan, making is rather less successful.

The rapid growth of diverse learners in online learning has made it imperative for online instructors to incorporate multicultural resource curricula and instructional activities. This research aimed to explore online instructors' perceptions of culturally responsive pedagogy in online education; examine how instructors integrate culturally responsive pedagogy strategies in the online learning environment; and explore the challenges in facilitating cross-cultural collaborative learning for students from different cultural backgrounds. Data were collected following a qualitative multi-site case study method with five academic disciplines (Education, Social Sciences, Engineering, Physical Sciences and Health Sciences) in 12 colleges and universities in the United States of America. In all, 60 in-depth and semi-structured interviews with instructors (26 females and 34 males) were obtained and analysed following a constant comparative analysis approach. Results reflected that the instructors used cross-cultural interactions to facilitate students' engagement and incorporated culturally responsive teaching. Besides, the findings revealed that most of the instructors integrated diverse and internationalized learning content to support diverse students and addressed the impact of multicultural education in online learning. It was, however, noted, that instructors in the physical science disciplines struggled to incorporate culturally diverse contents in their online classes. The findings of this study foster discourse on how best instructors could be aided to engage diverse students online more meaningfully.

The BERA initiative on promoting Close-to-Practice (CtP) research raises new challenges for action research, particularly as uncertainties about the standing and rigour of action research were expressed in the report of the education panel for the 2015 Research Excellence Framework (REF) in the United Kingdom. The work of tackling these challenges is essential in advancing CtP research, and it discloses, in turn, new possibilities. In this paper we review some pioneering developments in action research and analyse the difficulties it has experienced in securing parity of standing with other forms of research. We argue that action research is more than, and sometimes other than, a social science. We seek to show that if action research is to be recognised by credentials that are its own, and judged by criteria that are proper to it, not only does it lose any lower standing. Rather, it becomes a major pathway, with deep roots in the critical traditions of Western practical philosophy, through which the defining purposes of education itself, as a distinctive human practice, are ascertained and affirmed, pursued and appraised.

This paper reports on a transdisciplinary approach to science with a Year 4/5 class incorporating citizen science through the Birds in Backyards project. This transdisciplinary approach created opportunities for student engagement through science, mathematics, design and technology, humanities and social sciences (HASS), arts and English, while also creating meaningful connections to nature and the local environment.

Global value networks are often large, complex, and opaque. Understanding the relationships among stakeholders involved in these networks or organizations can be challenging. This card sort task provides an interactive way to engage participants in questioning the roles of stakeholders who are involved in a business ethics dilemma or an organizational product failure. This card sort task and discussion activity encourages participants to recognize that stakeholders may hold different knowledge, responsibility, or power; identify competing, conflicting, or complementary interests across stakeholders; articulate logical arguments; and engage in debate, compromise, and critical evaluation. This technique has been used successfully with undergraduate and postgraduate business, management, and social science students and is suitable for in-person and remote classes.

Academic resilience is an individual's academic resilience in facing academic pressure. In fact, in the industry 5.0 era resilience is needed by individuals to face various challenges in the future. This study determined the prevalence of academic resilience of Social Science students in facing the industry 5.0 era. This research employed survey design. The sample was 116 students of Social Sciences who were selected using proportional stratified random sampling technique. The data collection used academic resilience questionnaire. It was tested for validity and reliability with a KMO and Bartlett's Test value of 0.741. The data was analyzed descriptively. Students' academic resilience was shown by having competence, self-confidence, character, commitment, interest, and self-control to overcome difficult situations at hand. Commitment is an important aspect for individuals to be tough in academic situations.

This study aimed to explain the development stages of an online coding application engine (SIGUN) according to the R2D2 instructional design model to support and develop cultural transfer in social sciences education and popularize the national culture. During the definition phase of R2D2, analyzes of needs, learner, task and content were made. In needs analysis, it was decided to develop a coding application that transfers national culture instead of transnational culture in coding education. In the analysis of learners, the coding skills of the students at different grades were examined through samples, and it was decided that SIGUN should be editable according to their developmental characteristics. It was planned to assign tasks to learners in task analysis and to fictionalize the tasks in the prototype through Dede Korkut stories in content analysis. In the design and development phase of R2D2, it was decided to create an online system choosing media and equipment. Subsequently, the design and development process of SIGUN was started creating a draft graphic design interface through determining the development environments. In this sense, a web-based coding engine was developed with various coding languages. The rapid prototype was analyzed for process evaluation as being equipped with national culture elements and thus, the final version was created. Due to its dynamic structure, SIGUN was can be adapted for different developmental stages of children and popularized while transferring abstract and concrete cultural elements with animations.

Based on a conceptual framework of college impact, this article studies the impact of gender, graduation paths, family cultural capital and disciplines on undergraduates' self-reported learning outcomes of general education courses. The conclusions are as follows: female students report significantly higher learning outcomes of general education courses than male students; students who will enter the labor market after graduation report significantly higher learning outcomes of general education courses than students who will enter graduate school; students majoring in social sciences report higher learning outcomes of general education courses than students from other disciplines. Familial cultural capital has no significant influence on undergraduates' self-reported learning outcomes of general education courses. This article makes exploratory explanations of the above results from two perspectives.

In Australia, Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences (HASS) faculties are under pressure to demonstrate that their degrees result in employable graduates. Employability has become a key strategic goal of all universities and is driving federal government funding changes. We surveyed 17 Directors of Learning and Teaching in HASS across Australia's 37 public universities to ascertain their views on how employability has affected HASS. Our thematic analysis of questionnaire results reveals a highly complex and, at times, contradictory picture of the relationship between HASS and employability.

Ethics review processes are frequently perceived as extending from codes and protocols rooted in biomedical disciplines. As a result, many researchers in the humanities and social sciences (HASS) find these processes to be misaligned, if not outrightly obstructive to their research. This leads some scholars to advocate against HASS participation in institutional review processes as they currently stand, or in their entirety. While ethics review processes can present a challenge to HASS researchers, these are not insurmountable and, in fact, present opportunities for ethics review boards (ERBs) to mediate their practices to better attend to the concerns of the HASS disciplines. By highlighting the potential "value" of the ethics review process in recognising the nuances and specificity across different forms of research, this article explores the generative possibilities of greater collaboration between HASS researchers and ERBs. Remaining cognisant of the epistemic and methodological differences that mark different disciplinary formations in turn will benefit the ethical conduct of "all" researchers.

The research genre has specific communicative purposes which require students to understand the tone, generic and disciplinary conventions. The present study explored the potential of thematic progression (TP) to contribute to research argument readability. TP concerns how clauses encode information and how that information is carried forward. Three major types of TP include: (a) constant TP; (b) linear TP; and (c) derived TP. Overuse of constant TP often prevents a text from developing, while linear TP better contributes to cohesion. It was hypothesized that an effective TP pattern, if present, may help graduate students better grasp the gist in research arguments. Two groups of participants, native and non-native speakers of English, were recruited to read six Introductions of varying TP patterns and conceptualize their readability. The results revealed that the TP pattern may not have strong predictive power; rather, fewer information breaks better predict readability. Regardless of TP patterns, heavy themes and rhemes may impede understanding. Static and simple themes also do not facilitate readability. The use of metadiscursive devices may facilitate readability on condition that the themes are informative. Effective lexical chains and marked themes, which signal the ties between clauses, also ease processing.