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Alabama's forest products industry plays a dominant role in the state's rural economy. Examination of how access to employment opportunities is distributed provides insight into how the benefits of this industry are distributed. Based on a combination of available secondary data and semi-structured interviews with management and workers in the pulp and paper sector of Alabama's forest products industry, a clear picture of segmented labor markets emerges in which structural and cultural factors determine access to certain jobs. The evolution of these highly segmented labor markets is traced from deep roots in racial discrimination to contemporary efforts in support of affirmative action. Increased use of sub-contracting in logging, hauling, and mill work represents the most recent change affecting the structure of labor markets associated with the production of pulp and paper.

1. Introduction SHOULD taxes on fossil fuels rise or fall over time? This brief paper offers a rejoinder to Ulph and Ulph (1994), who are to be congratulated on a [...]

Increased carbon taxes may not be effective in minimizing global warming. Carbon taxation supposedly reduces demand for environmentally hazardous fuels and prompts producers to use alternative production processes. However, policy evaluations should take into account not only the demand but also the supply side of fuel production. Increasing carbon taxes increases depletion rates and reduces marginal capital output as oil producers intensify extraction activities in anticipation of increased taxes.

Dans cette communication, les auteurs presentent les donnees de leur etude des rapports entre le sexe et la division du travail chez les hommes et les femmes maries de la peninsule Great Northern, une region isolee de Terre-Neuve oh I'on vit de la p6che a la peripherie du capitalisme avance. L'etude visait a determiner dans quelle mesure la reproduction des menages est structuree en fonction du sexe en analysant de maniere detaillee les travaux domestiques non remunkres des hommes et des femmes maries. Les auteurs demontrent que les hommes et les femmes mariCs ne participent pas du tout de la m6me faCon B la construction des maisons et a d'autres activites de subsistence des menages. La responsibilitk qu'assument les hommes pour les travaux domestiques demeure a peu pres la mkme, qu'il y ait ou non des enfants a la maison ou que leur femme ait ou non un emploi a l'extkrieur du foyer. Contrairement a certaines autres analyses effectuees en milieu rural a Terre-Neuve, cette etude semble indiquer que les changements culturels et economiques plus globaux qui s'opkrent dans la pkninsule n'ont pas fondamentalement modifik la division sexuelle du travail typique de l'organisation traditionnelle des menages. This paper reports our findings on the interconnection of gender and work among married men and women on the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland, a n isolated, fishing region dependent on primary production on the periphery of advanced capitalism. We explore the extent to which household reproduction is structured by gender through detailed analysis of the unpaid domestic labour activities of married men and women. We demonstrate that married men and women participate in dramatically different ways in house construction and other household subsistence tasks. We also show that neither the presence of children in the home nor the employment of wives outside the home leads to significant changes in men's responsibility for domestic tasks. In contrast with some other analyses of rural Newfoundland, our research suggests that more macro cultural and economic changes underway in the region have not fundamentally altered the sexual division of labour associated with traditional household organization., INTRODUCTION Gender structures participation in the labour markets of advanced capital-ist societies and in the unpaid work that contributes to survival. Although such a claim is now well-accepted among sociological [...]

This paper develops a calibrated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model incorporating a banking sector and some unique features of China's macroeconomic policies to simulate China's monetary and macroprudential policies. The quantitative results show, first, that the interest rate is a better instrument for China's monetary policy than the required reserve ratio (RRR) when the central bank is solely concerned about price stability; second, that the loan-to-value ratio is a very useful macroprudential tool for China's financial stability, and the RRR could be used as an instrument for both objectives; third, monetary and macroprudential policies could be either complements or substitutes in China, depending on the choices of instruments for the two policies. Our policy experiments recommend three combination choices of instruments for China's monetary and macroprudential policies. (JEL codes: E52, E61and G18) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]