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Additional file 6 : Table S4. Identification of gene status in tumour tissue and baseline ctDNA.

Additional file 1 : Table S1. Gene list of 1021 gene panel.

Additional file 2 : Table S2. Abundance of trunk clone and its variations between baseline and after 4 cycles of chemotherapy.

Additional file 7 : Table S5: Multivariate Cox model assessing the impact on progression free survival of ctDNA variations observed between baseline and post-C4 after adjustment on the following variables: age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, location of primary tumor and synchronicity of metastatic disease.

Jie Sun,* Jie Liu,* Qilin Zhu, Feng Xu, Liumin Kang, Xiaohua Shi Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaohua Shi Email xiaohua_shi@yeah.netBackground: The aberrant expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been identified as a novel trait of cancers. However, the role of circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be elucidated.Methods: Informatic analysis was performed to identify circRNAs in CRC tissues and adjacent tissues. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were constructed to analyze hsa_circ_001806 roles in CRC cell stemness by sphere-formation, ALDH activity, stemness marker expression and tumor-initiating ability assays. CCK8 cell viability was carried out to evaluate hsa_circ_0001806 roles in CRC cell viability. Luciferase reporter and pull-down assays were used to reveal the underlying mechanisms.Results: Hsa_circ_0001806 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues and correlated with TNM stage, depth of invasion, lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis. Hsa_circ_0001806 promoted the stemness of CRC cells, as evident by increasing sphere-formation ability, ALDH1 activity and stemness marker expression while had no effect on cell viability. Mechanistically, the same miR-193-5p-binding sites are shared between hsa_circ_0001806 and COL1A1. Hsa_circ_0001806 upregulates COL1A1 expression in a miR-193-5p-dependent manner, which is essential for hsa_circ_0001806-mediated regulation on CRC cell stemness.Conclusion: CircRNA hsa_circ_0001806 may act as a promising therapeutic target by facilitating the stemness of CRC cells via activating the hsa_circ_0001806/miR-193a-5p/COL1A1 axis.Keywords: hsa_circ_0001806, miR-193a-5p, COL1A1, ceRNA, stemness, colorectal cancer

The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the predictive factors of postoperative dyspnea in infants with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). Forty children with PRS, who underwent general anesthesia, were retrospectively analyzed. The patient’s physiological status and anesthesiology data were collected accordingly, demographic characteristics including age, gender, height and weight at surgery, weight gain, preoperative airway status, tracheal intubation route, American Society of Anesthesiologists grading and airway Cormack–Lehane classification. Weight gain, dyspnea before the operation, Cormack–Lehane grade distribution showed a significant difference between patients with and without postoperative dyspnea (p = 0.0175, p = 0.0026, and p = 0.0038, respectively). Incompetent weight gain was identified as a predictor (p = 0.0371) of PRS postoperative dyspnea through the binary logistic regression model. In conclusion, this study established an early alerting model by monitoring the weight gain, dyspnea before the operation, Cormack–Lehane grade as potential combinations to predict the risk of postoperative dyspnea for PRS.

In this paper, we present an optimization method which can be used to improve the performance of android system by reducing the synchronization overheads in the activity manager service (AMS) component. The optimization decreases the waiting time of synchronizations by dividing the original single object lock in AMS into different ones. We use an alias analysis method, i.e. escape analysis, to divide all the synchronized code blocks into different equivalence classes so that there is no intersection of objects accessed for two blocks from different equivalence classes. Then, we can use different object locks to guard these code blocks. We implemented our optimization on android 6.0, and decreased the waiting time of synchronization locks in AMS by 30.9 and 27.7% when the system starts up and runs normally. We find that the distribution of the waiting time for the synchronized lock is in accordance with the characteristics of power-law distribution.

Recent research progresses on tissue culture (e.g. fast reproduction, another culture, protoplast culture and organogenesis) and genetic transformation of kenaf were reviewed and summarized in this paper. Existing problems were discussed, aiming to provide scientific references for promoting tissue culture and genetic transformation of kenaf.

Hanping Wang,1 Li Zhang,1 Xiaohua Shi,2 Xiaotong Zhang,1 Xiaoyan Si11Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, People’s Republic of ChinaObjective: Treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs)can occasionally lead to interstitial lung disease (ILD), and the appropriate treatment after recovery from ILD remains controversial. AC0010 is an investigational third-generation TKI used in China to selectively target the T790M mutation. Here, we describe a patient who developed ILD after AC0010 treatment and was then successfully re-challenged with osimertinib.Methods: The patient was a 67-year-old male with a diagnosis of metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinoma with an L858R mutation on exon 21. Acquired T790M mutation was confirmed by re-biopsy after progression on erlotinib treatment. The patient was treated with AC0010, and developed ILD 54days after treatment initiation. Following his recovery from ILD, osimertinib (80mg/day) was administered with no adverse effects. After progression on osimertini 11months later, a histological transformation from adenocarcinoma to large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma was confirmed by re-biopsy, with a marked increase in serum neuron-specific enolase.Conclusions: This is the first report of interstitial pneumonitis caused by AC0010. Osimertinib re-challenge after recovery from ILD was a safe and effective treatment option. Our report further highlights that pathological transformation of large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma represents one of the resistance mechanisms of osimertinib, and may be accompanied by an increase in serum neuron-specific enolase.Keywords: osimertinib, AC0010, interstitial lung disease, resistance mechanism, transformation, large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

Background Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) patients are known for their triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction. Their airway can be a challenge even for the most experienced pediatric anesthesiologist. Case presentation We report the case of a 9 day old 3.5 kg boy diagnosed with PRS, cleft palate, and a vallecular cyst with severe upper airway obstruction. The combination of PRS, cleft palate and the presence of vallecular cyst made this a cascade reaction of difficult airway. Due to his unique anatomy, we didn’t appreciate how difficult his airway was until multiple attempts with high-tech equipment failed. Ultimately it was the finger guide intubation, this old technique without any equipment, that rescued this patient from lose of airway. Conclusions The boy was successfully rescued by finger guided intubation. Finger guide intubation should be added to the anesthesiologist’s newborn rescue intubation training.

Water deficiency is the major limiting factor for potato yield promotion. Increasing tuber yield and decreasing consumption of water at the same time are a challenge in development of new potato cultivar. Deficit irrigation is regarded as one of the promising approaches to solve this problem, however no practical technique has been proposed in potato production as yet. By setting different deficient irrigation regimes and investigating potato growth and water use efficiency, we found that only application of deficit irrigation at the seedling stage could achieve the goal of increasing water use efficiency and maintaining marketable tuber yield at the same time. Almost half of the normal full irrigation doubled promotion effects on water efficiency and yield, especially the marketable tuber yield. This may be mainly attributed to establishment of a strong root system, including longer root length and larger root surface area under water deficit at the seedling stage. Based on such a root system at the early development stage, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were optimized at the later developmental stages. Thus, maintaining water deficit at the seedling stage with enough water supplied at the tuber initiation and bulking stages should be practiced in potato production in water limited areas.

In order to choose the suitable solvent for the synthesis of cyanuric acid from urea through the liquid phase pyrolysis method, the solubilities of urea and cyanuric acid in eight kinds of pure solvents, N,N-dimethyl formamide, cyclohexanol, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, 1,2-propanediol, N-methylpyrrolidone, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, formamide and tetramethylene sulfone, were determined in the temperature ranging from 300.75 K to 369.45 K using the laser assisted-dynamic method under atmospheric pressure. The modified Apelblat model, van’t Hoff model and λh model were employed to correlate the solubilities of urea and cyanuric acid respectively, in which the Apelblat equation was better with the relative average deviation 0.18∼1.95 %. In addition, the thermodynamic properties of the dissolution processes were calculated and discussed based on the Apelblat equation, indicating that the dissolution process is an endothermic non-spontaneous entropy-driven process. Finally, formamide, 1,2-propanediol and 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol were selected as solvent for the synthesis of cyanuric acid from urea.