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This article focuses on investigating and substantiating the potential relationship between students' perceptions of their complex thinking abilities and their self-esteem at a technological university in Western Mexico. Employing a multivariate descriptive statistical analysis, the study not only aims to demonstrate the linkage between these two perceptions but also explores the potential influence of the gender variable on this relationship. The findings indicate a statistically significant correlation between the perception of competency in complex thinking, particularly in the sub-competence of critical thinking, and the students' self-esteem. Despite the small sample size, which could be considered a constraint of the study, the results are presented as significant for decision-making in the educational sphere, professional training, and emotional well-being of youth, highlighting their importance and applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Manipal Inventory of Academic Stress (MIAS) is designed to assess academic stress among higher secondary students in Karnataka, India. This study aims to validate an updated version of the MIAS, refined to an 18-item scale from its original 19-item format. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 533 students (189 males and 344 females) from commerce and science streams. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a unidimensional model of the MIAS, explaining 40.3% of the variance. The MIAS demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.923) and significant positive correlations with the Perceived Stress Scale (r= 0.789, p<0.001) and the stress subscale ofthe Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21(r=0.707, p<0.001), along with a negative correlation with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (r=-0.751), indicating good concurrent and convergent validity. These findings underscore the MIAS's efficacy as a screening tool for academic stress in the Indian educational context. Its application can facilitate timely interventions, such as counseling or stress management programs, potentially mitigating adverse mental health outcomes in this demographic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Counseling interventions can help facilitate feelings of life satisfaction in clients seeking support. Two studies examined the system of social psychological factors associated with life satisfaction in the United Kingdom (UK). In Study 1, cross-sectional survey data from 544 heterosexual and LGB people were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Being in a relationship, self-esteem and continuity were positively associated with life satisfaction. In Study 2, cross-sectional survey data from 202 heterosexual and gay men, also analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression, showed that relationship satisfaction and self-esteem were positively associated with life satisfaction. In both studies, there were no differences by sexual orientation or gender, and self-esteem was the strongest predictor of life satisfaction. Counseling interventions that focus on building a stronger sense of identity resilience (self-esteem and continuity) and, for partnered individuals, relationship satisfaction, may enhance life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study examines the effectiveness of a multimodal perpetrator intervention program (PIP) on intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators' self-reported abusive behaviors, self-esteem, and self-concept. Methods: A sample of 53 male IPV perpetrators, both court- and self-referred to a community-based PIP, were assigned to one of two conditions: intervention condition (IC; n = 38) and waiting list control condition (WLCC; n = 15). Data on self-reported intimate violence, self-esteem, and self-concept were collected at baseline, post-test, and 6-month follow-up. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) was also computed. Results: A considerable percentage of IC participants end or substantially reduce their abusive behavior (reoffending self-reported rates were 10.7% at post-treatment and 12.5% at follow-up). IC participants increase self-esteem and self-concept. Changes were maintained at follow-up. Significant differences were found between the groups, with IC participants reporting reductions in abusive behaviors, scoring higher on self-esteem and self-concept, and revealing greater clinical changes than WLCC participants. Conclusions: These findings suggest that multimodal interventions improve self-esteem and self-concept and reduce IPV perpetration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to measure the level of self-esteem among individuals with piercings, evaluate body image perception, and screen the study group for body dysmorphic disorder symptoms. Two hundred and six individuals from Poland completed the Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI), Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire-Dermatology Version (BDDQ-DV), Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS), and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). Differences between groups were determined using a two-sample t-test, post-hoc chi-square test with Bonferroni's adjustment, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and the Mann–Whitney test. One hundred ninety-six (95.1%) respondents were females, and 10 (4.9%) were males, aged from 15 to 48 years (mean age ± SD = 23.1 ± 6.4 years). Of the respondents, 25.7% screened positive for BDD symptoms according to the AAI and 29.1% screened positive according to the BDDQ-DV. According to the FAS, significantly lower body image was presented by individuals with psychiatric treatment (3.8 ± 0.9 vs. 4.1 ± 0.7, p < 0.05) and by respondents who screened positive for BDD symptoms. Significantly lower self-esteem was reported in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities, psychiatric treatment, and in the BDD-groups according to the RSES (AAI: 24.0 ± 5.6 vs. 30.9 ± 6.0; p < 0.001; BDDQ-DV: 24.0 ± 5.8 vs. 31.3 ± 3.7; p < 0.001). In conclusion, individuals with piercings should be regarded as a group with an increased risk for BDD symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores how Chinese migrants in Singapore navigate their overseas lives through social media use. Survey data collected from Chinese migrants reveals that social media use serves as a double-edged sword: while it is positively associated with migrants' life satisfaction, it also heightens their perception of online discrimination. Furthermore, results also suggest an essential role of self-esteem: elevated self-esteem correlates with improved life satisfaction and a decrease in online perceived discrimination. Besides, self-esteem can moderate the relationships between social media use and both life satisfaction and online perceived discrimination. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of language abuse within the Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic community is a matter of significant concern. This study explores the diverse manifestations of language abuse and their implications for communication among faculty and students. This study employs critical discourse analysis as its framework and involves data collection through natural interactions, classroom lecture recordings, and interviews with students and subordinates. It identifies several forms of language abuse, including verbal, ethnic, and religious discrimination, harassment, and language exclusion through code-switching and code-mixing. Through the analysis of six speech events, the study reveals that language abuse yields grave consequences, including the development of lecturer interaction phobia, psychological and emotional distress leading to decreased focus and academic performance, diminished self-esteem, and social isolation. In light of these findings, the study proposes implementing training programs to educate staff on effective communication, cultivating a respectful and student-oriented environment, and establishing procedures for reporting instances of language abuse. Moreover, it advocates for management's commitment to appropriate disciplinary measures as needed. These initiatives are poised to significantly mitigate language abuse and foster a positive and supportive learning environment for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While tourism boycotts can have a considerable economic impact on a target entity, critics often question their effectiveness in changing the target entity's behavior, particularly in international contexts. Despite these challenges, tourism boycotts have increased over time. This study explores the dynamics of tourism boycotts amid international political conflicts and investigates the motivations behind consumer participation. During an ongoing national boycott in South Korea, we conducted an online survey with a nationally representative adult panel, gathering 962 responses for analysis. Our findings reveal that tourism boycott participants—primarily women, older individuals, those with higher education and income, and the progressive—resemble consumer boycott participants in Europe and the U.S. While perceived efficacy (instrumental motivation) is often emphasized in consumer boycotts as a key variable for participation, our study suggests that tourism boycotts are primarily driven by expressive motivations, such as self-esteem and guilt, rather than a mix of instrumental and expressive factors. This suggests that consumers engage in tourism boycotts not necessarily to achieve tangible outcomes, but to express personal or ethical values, highlighting a distinctive nature of tourism boycotts in the landscape of consumer activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stress exposure can take a toll on the adjustment of young individuals, including students. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of burnout and impostor syndrome (IS) on self-esteem and academic performance in medical students. The participants were 331 undergraduate medical students (102 men, 229 women; 89.7% native, 12,1% international; mean age = 21.18, SD = 2.338). The study instruments included the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory for Students (CBI-S), Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, while academic performance (AP) was reported as received GPA (objective AP) and expected GPA (subjective AP). The statistical analysis comprised independent t-tests, MANOVA, ANOVA, and correlational and mediational analyses. The results showed that native students had lower self-esteem and higher scores of personal burnout and IS. Irrespective of cultural differences, women scored higher than men in IS and in personal burnout, while men had higher self-esteem than women. Burnout and IS were correlated with a decrease in self-esteem (adj. R2 = 0.531) in the overall sample, whereas in native students, IS was correlated with a difference between subjective and objective self-assessments of AP (adj. R2 = 0.027). Burnout and impostor syndrome, despite not directly impacting academic performance, may significantly influence self-esteem, making them a target for preventive or interventional measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The innovative application of indirect feedback alignment (IFA) in deep learning enhances workplace self-confidence analytics through cognitive agent modeling. IFA addresses the challenge of credit assignment in multilayer neural networks, offering a more efficient and biologically plausible alternative to traditional backpropagation methods. The paper delves into the integration of IFA in workplace dynamics, focusing on the development of a state-determined system to describe and analyze the dynamics of selfconfidence, self-concept, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among employees. Utilizing a combination of endogenous and exogenous factors, the study presents a comprehensive model that captures the complex interplay of these factors in professional settings. The research further conducts experiments to observe and analyze the behavior and pattern formation among real workers in various settings, demonstrating the practical implications of the theoretical model. The findings highlight the potential of IFA in enhancing and accelerating the components of deep learning associated with selfconfidence in the workplace, contributing significantly to the fields of neural computation and cognitive psychology. The proposed method was tested in various situations to assess its alignment with the core concepts of workplace self-confidence. Mathematical analysis was employed to explore feasible equilibrium conditions and compatible cases found in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to examine parents' perceptions of how coach support influences the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and its subsequent impact on the self-esteem and overall well-being of children with Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs) through participation in sports. Methods: The sample consisted of 1146 parents of children and young people diagnosed with SLDs from several European countries. The Coach Support Scale (COS), the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (BPNS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Sport Impact Scale (SIS) were used. Descriptive, reliability, Gaussian distribution, and ANOVA analyses were conducted. Results: The results show that increased sports participation is associated with higher perceptions of coach support, autonomy, competence, psychological need satisfaction, self-esteem, relatedness, and the positive impact of sports on the lives of children and adolescents with SLDs. Children and teenagers who engage in individual and team sports exhibit greater coach support, autonomy, competence, relatedness, BPNS, and self-esteem compared to those who participate in only one type of sport, with p-values ranging from 0.004 to 0.050. Conclusions: In conclusion, participation in sports seems to benefit the self-esteem and well-being of children and young people with SLDs. The practical applications of this study highlight the importance of specialized coach training to address the psychological needs of children with SLDs, the development of balanced sports programs that integrate individual and team activities to optimize benefits, the encouragement of parental involvement to enhance positive experiences, and the implementation of policies that support inclusive and adaptive sports practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: This study examines the impact of anxiety and depressive symptomatology on self-esteem among Greek practicing lawyers. The high-stress environment of the legal profession is known to heighten the risk of mental health issues, yet limited research exists on Greek lawyers. The study aims to explore associations between anxiety, depressive symptoms, and self-esteem, hypothesizing that increased anxiety and depression correlate with reduced self-esteem. Method: The study utilized a correlational design with a sample of 80 Greek lawyers, recruited through professional associations. Participants completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were used to assess the relationships between anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. Results: The findings indicated significant negative correlations between self-esteem and both depressive (r = −0.631, p < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (r = −0.405, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that both depression (β = −0.558, p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = −0.225, p = 0.014) were significant predictors of lower self-esteem, explaining approximately 44% of the variance in self-esteem scores. Conclusions: The study concludes that higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms significantly lower self-esteem among Greek lawyers, underscoring the need for mental health support within this profession. Addressing mental health issues in legal professionals may promote better self-esteem and overall well-being, with potential benefits for both lawyers and their clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: This study was to determine how self-esteem mediates the relationships between leisure satisfaction, job satisfaction, and quality of life (QoL) among Korean police officers. In addition, the purpose is to comprehensively understand the quality of life of police officers by confirming the influence of variables affecting the quality of life of police officers and the direct and indirect effects of each variable and to provide scientific basis data for the application of intervention programs to improve the quality of life. Methods: The study was conducted with police officers working in three police stations in K Metropolitan City and J Province from August 1 to 20, 2024. Data collected were analyzed using the PROCESS Macro (Model 6), which assessed the significance of indirect effects and the variations across mediation pathways. Results: When looking at factors affecting QoL, self-esteem had statistically significant direct and total effects (γ = 0.115, p = 0.001). Leisure satisfaction was found to have a statistically significant total effect (γ = 0.296, p < 0.001) due to the direct effect (γ = 0.273, p < 0.001) and indirect effect (γ = 0.023, p < 0.05) on QoL. In addition, job satisfaction was found to have a statistically significant total effect (γ = 0.450, p < 0.001) due to the direct effect (γ = 0.416, p < 0.001) and indirect effect (γ = 0.034, p < 0.05) on QoL. Conclusions: These results emphasize the necessity of developing programs aimed at increasing the QoL and mental health of police officers by exploiting these relational dynamics. In addition, the fact that self-esteem played a mediating role in the quality of life among each variable suggests that it is necessary to develop and apply programs to improve self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present case report is to describe Icon resin infiltration as a treatment option for postorthodontic white spot lesions (WSLs). A 23-yearold male patient complained of white spots on his maxillary anterior teeth that caused him significant esthetic concern in terms of his smile and affected his self-esteem. During the anamnesis, the patient reported that he noticed white spots directly after the brackets were removed after orthodontic treatment, which had not yet been completed. Based on the information obtained through the anamnesis and the clinical examination, the spots were deemed to be remineralized WSLs. The proposed treatment consisted of supervised at-home tooth whitening through bleaching in combination with microabrasion and resin infiltration. The clinical results were successful, showing significant improvement in terms of esthetics and the patient's self-esteem after only a single session of resin infiltration with Icon material. Treatment optimization and gain in clinical time were clearly demonstrated as well as the preservation of tooth tissue compared with other treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe factors affecting anxiety, depression, stress, and self-esteem in parents of children with microtia. Design: Cross-sectional correlational study. Participants: Parents (N = 117) of children with microtia were recruited nationally through a Turkish craniofacial non-governmental organization's social media. Main Outcome Measures: Demographics, parental report of microtia experiences and concerns, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results: The mean parental age was 35.61 ± 5.96 years and 74.4% were female. The mean age of their children was 6.08 ± 4.22 years, 69.2% were male, 93.8% had unilateral microtia, and 14.5% had ear reconstruction. Some parents had low self-esteem (24.8%) and were in the severe range for depression (30.7%), anxiety (25.6%), and stress (21.4%). Depression (M = 7.43, SD = 5.35) was associated with worry about child's future (β = 0.25, P =.013), microtia information given around birth (β = −0.20, P =.024), and child no ear surgery (β = −0.23, P =.008), while stress (M = 8.21, SD = 5.37) was associated with worry about the child's future (β = 0.28, P =.008). Parental self-esteem (M = 29.59, SD = 5.10) was related to child having ear surgery (β = 0.19, P =.047) and information about microtia provided around birth (β = 0.22, P =.018). There were no significant associations with Anxiety (M = 6.04, SD = 4.82) identified by multiple regression. Conclusions: While most parents were in the average to moderate range for clinical concerns, a fifth to a third of participants were in the severe range for depression, anxiety, and stress and a quarter of participants for low self-esteem. Informing families about the microtia treatment process, having the child have surgery, and interventions for reducing their future concerns may provide psychological relief for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on self-evaluation motive theory, we explored how employees' organization-based self-esteem motivates them to engage in innovative behavior and the psychological mechanism behind this behavioral decision. Based on two-wave data collected from 881 employees and multiple regression analysis methods, we find that (1) organization-based self-esteem exhibits a U-shaped relationship with employees' innovative behavior; (2) and this relationship was mediated by competence face stress; (3) while perceived insider status moderates this mediating effect. By integrating the features of the Chinese face culture into the Western management theory, this study has built and empirically examined a research model in which organization-based self-esteem has a U-shaped curve effect on employees' innovative behavior through competence face stress under different levels of perceived insider status. Therefore, the paper promotes the development of Chinese contextual research on the formation mechanism of employees' innovative behavior. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Social anxiety is a prevalent and serious issue among college students in China. Physical activity holds significant potential for mitigating social anxiety. Although some studies have illustrated that physical activity could prevent and alleviate social anxiety, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The study aims to address this gap by examining both the mediating variables that influence social anxiety among college students and the moderating variables that may strengthen the effects of physical activity on social anxiety. Methods: Participants were 1,401 Chinese college students (Mage = 18.51, SD = 0.84, 60.7% male) who effectively completed online questionnaires. We assessed a structural equation model examining the mediating role of body image and moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between physical activity and social anxiety. Results: (1) Physical activity was negatively correlated with social anxiety(r=-0.196, p<0.01) and positively correlated with body image (r=0.158, p<0.01) and self-esteem(r=0.161, p<0.01). Conversely, there was a positive correlation between body image and self-esteem(r=0.601, p<0.01) and a negative correlation between body image and social anxiety(r=-0.386, p<0.01). Ultimately, a negative correlation was found between self-esteem and social anxiety(r=-0.499, p<0.01). (2) Both the total effect (β = -0.188, 95% CI = [-0.242, -0.134]) and the mediating effect of body image were significant (β = -0.061, 95% CI = [-0.085, -0.041], the mediating effect accounting for 32.45%). (3) The results showed that the interaction term between body image and self-esteem was significantly related to social anxiety(β=-0.074, p<0.001), indicating that self-esteem moderated the association between body image and social anxiety. According to the results of the simple slope test, for college students with higher levels of self-esteem, body image negatively predicted social anxiety(bsimple =-0.188, p < 0.001, 95% CI = [-0.252, -0.124]). However, for college students with low levels of self-esteem, body image didn't negatively predict social anxiety(bsimple = -0.039, p = 0.265, 95% CI = [-0.109, 0.03]). Conclusions: The results indicated that physical activity significantly and negatively predicted social anxiety in college students. Furthermore, the relationship between physical activity and social anxiety was significantly mediated by body image and significantly moderated by self-esteem. Specifically, higher self-esteem strengthened the connection between body image and social anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce into a human-capital based growth framework utility from self-esteem, driven by academic achievements. Self-esteem, through its effect on human capital, is shown to shape the intertemporal evolution and the persistence of income inequality, in general, and across population groups. Inequality persistence is obtained because of the wedge that the self-esteem component creates between households whose academic achievements are high enough as opposed to those whose achievements are insufficiently low. Among the several extensions, it is shown that controlling parenting style can exacerbate income inequality while reducing children's self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the study demands-resources model (SD-R) has received significant attention as a comprehensive framework that identifies school burnout antecedents and adverse consequences. Our main study aim was to identify school burnout profiles among early adolescents and examine the associated personal and social resources. A cross-sectional study collected data from Polish and Turkish youths (N = 959,57.1% from Poland) through a paper-pencil and online survey measuring four school burnout dimensions, personal resources and social resources. 27 Three school burnout profiles were identified: (Profile 1) Highly Burned-out Students (14.8%), (Profile 2) Slightly Burned-out Students (63.5%), (Profile 3) Unburned-out Students (21.7%). Students from Profile 1 scored significantly lower in social and personal resource. The membership in Profile 2 was predicted by worse relationships with important adults (parents, teachers), and lower self-esteem compared to Profile 3. Our findings confirmed that school burnout symptoms are experienced (even slightly) by a relatively high number of youths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is in the first position in the category of users with the highest screen time duration, which triggers problematic social media use (PSMU). Previous research has consistently proven PSMU to be related to dysfunctional behavior and harmful daily life activities, which affects academic. Therefore, this research aimed to measure the PSMU procrastination level of youths, phubbing behavior, and self-esteem. Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) was used to identify the structural relationships relevant to a multivariate dataset of 770 cross-sectional convenient samples aged 17 to 30 collected through an online questionnaire. The result obtained four hypotheses with a significant positive effect, and two negative impacts. This showed that PSMU will cause procrastination, including worse academic performance on mental and physical health. In addition, the higher the PSMU, the greater the possibility of phubbing in relation to friendship quality, and weakening communication within the family. An increase in PSMU tends to affect self-esteem leading to inferiority due to constant comparison of achievements with other social media users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study attempted to investigate the determinants of self-esteem, academic performance and student engagement at Doña Justa Guido Memorial Elementary School for the SY 2022-2023. The study employed descriptive research design utilizing survey questionnaires to gather data on self-esteem perceptions and involvement in activities. Academic performance data were collected through documentary analysis. The total sample size based on the computation was 233 but the actual number of respondents surveyed was 320 respondents. The perceptions of the respondents about the pupils' self-esteem when computed the average of the pupils is 4.40, while the parents' is 4.44 which are both interpreted as "Always". In addition, the extent of pupils' engagement as perceived by the parents and pupil respondents showed a remarkable alignment in their views on certain given aspects. Moreso, the level of performance of the pupil respondents during the 4th quarter showed that most of them performed well academically. Furthermore, there is enough evidence that showed a Significant Relationship between the pupils' school engagement and the academic performance. A development program entitled Program Strengthening Empowerment Leadership for Self-Acceptance (SELF) was designed based on the result of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aim Materials and methods Results Conclusion Vaginal aplasia or hypoplasia often requires the creation of a neovagina using vaginal dilation therapy, vaginoplasty surgery, or a combination of both. However, the absence of validated guidelines and the controversy surrounding vaginoplasty surgery have limited our understanding of the long‐term outcomes and impact on quality of life and psychosexual functioning for women with a short or absent vagina. This study provides valuable insights into the Australian context, reflecting the treatment approaches and long‐term psychosocial outcomes for this patient group.This study aimed to assess the long‐term effects of vaginal dilation, with or without vaginoplasty surgery, on quality of life and psychosexual functioning in women diagnosed with a short or absent vagina.A mixed‐methods design was employed, utilising validated psychometric tools and a semi‐structured interview. The study included patients with disorders of sex development aged above 16 who underwent vaginal dilator therapy between 2012 and 2020, as well as healthy age‐matched controls. The research was conducted at a single tertiary hospital in Sydney, NSW, Australia.The questionnaire was completed by 30 participants, including 11 non‐surgical cases, four surgical cases, and 15 controls. The mean age at inclusion was 30.8 ± 14.1 years. The non‐surgical group exhibited significantly higher scores indicating a greater ‘need for help’ compared to the surgical group (30.0 ± 19.3 and 4.5 ± 9.0; P = 0.0121). No other statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups.Choice of treatment should consider various factors, including patient preference and responsiveness to treatment. These findings emphasise the importance of personalised care in the Australian context and highlight the need for further research, particularly with larger and more homogenous sample sizes, to enhance clinical decision‐making in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Far more women prisoners self-harm than women in the community or men in prison. There has been little focus on the effects on prisoners of living with self-harm scars. Medical skin camouflage (MSC), designed to cover skin disfigurement, improves quality of life for people in the community with dermatological, burn, surgical or accidental scars or marks. Its use in prison for self-harm scars has not been evaluated. COVER tested the feasibility and acceptability of a wait-list control RCT of peer-delivered MSC for women prisoners with self-harm scars, at one prison. We provide evidence of feasibility to recruit, randomise and retain women in prison in an RCT design using strategies minimising attrition from transfer between prisons or release (51 recruited, 11.8% attrition). We successfully randomised women prisoners and collected outcome measures over 12 weeks from baseline. We report improvements in the primary outcome, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale at follow-up for intervention and control groups and valuable information to inform an economic analysis. Important lessons were learnt, applicable to other research within this unique environment, about minimising attrition and successfully involving prisoners in peer-delivered interventions. Participants and staff found the intervention acceptable and suggested it improves women’s confidence and self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The present research carried out to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) among medical sciences students. Methods: This methodological study took place at Shahroud and Semnan Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran. A sample of 380 medical sciences students was selected through convenience sampling. The study assessed face and content validity, and maximum likelihood explanatory factor analysis (MLEFA) was performed. To evaluate the proposed model by MLEFA, confirmatory factor analysis was carried out. Reliability was examined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, McDonald's omega, and the intra-class correlation coefficient. Results: The students had an average age of 22.49 ± 2.72 years. The maximum likelihood explanatory factor analysis (MLEFA) divided the RSES into two components: positive self-esteem and negative self-esteem, which together explained 50.7% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit the observed data well. The resulting subscales exhibited high internal consistency and stability. Conclusion: The findings of the current study indicate that the Persian version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale possesses acceptable validity and reliability among Iranian medical sciences students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the research increase on Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU), few studies focus on Problematic Instagram Use (PIU) and its associated factors. Our study evaluated the effects of social comparison (abilities and opinions) and self-esteem on PIU, mediated by positive and negative affect. A total of 976 Brazilian university students participated answering the following scales online: The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure, Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale adapted for Instagram, Positive and negative Affect Schedule and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. We observed positive associations between social comparison and negative affect with PIU, and negative associations between self-esteem and positive affect with the outcome. Based on structural equation modeling controlling for gender and self-report of mental health disorders, we observed that negative affect completely mediated the effects of self-esteem on PIU but did not mediate the association with social comparison. However, abilities comparison had a direct effect on PIU. Positive affect did not mediate this associations. Thus, subjects with higher social comparison of abilities and negative affect associated with lower self-esteem are more likely to present PIU. These findings contribute to understanding PIU, considering the users' individual characteristics and affect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the effects of screen time on depression symptoms in Chinese children and adolescents, and to examine the mediating effect role of self-esteem and resilience between the association from a longitudinal perspective. A total of 653 students graded 4th to 8th were selected through a stratified cluster sampling method from Shanghai, China. The Screen Time Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R), the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), and the Chinese version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were applied in this study. Structural equation modeling was performed to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem and resilience. The direct effect of baseline screen time (T1) on subsequent depression symptoms (T2) was not statistically significant after controlling for depression symptoms at T1 (β = -0.029, p >.05). There were three significantly intricate multiple-chain-mediated associations between baseline screen time and subsequent depression symptoms. In each pathway, screen time was associated with self-esteem, which, in turn, was linked to depression symptoms three months later through resilience. While screen time may not directly impact depression symptoms 3-month later, it can indirectly influence these symptoms through self-esteem and resilience at different time points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Based on the Just World Theory (JWT) and Worldview Verification Theory (WVT), we conducted two studies to investigate whether a belief in a just world for the self (BJW-self) moderates the relationship between perceived discrimination against older adults (ageism) and self-esteem in a sample of South Koreans older adults. Methods: In Study 1, we collected survey data from 304 South Koreans aged 65 and older using the scales of perceived ageism, BJW-self, and self-esteem. In Study 2, we randomly assigned 140 South Koreans aged 65 and older to read one of two articles: one describing ageism as pervasive or one describing ageism as rare. Results: Study 1 revealed that perceived ageism negatively correlated with self-esteem at low levels of BJW-self than at high levels of BJW-self. In Study 2, older adults who were told that ageism is pervasive had lower self-esteem than those who were told that ageism is rare, but this difference was greater for those who rejected BJW-self than for those who endorsed BJW-self. Discussion: The results support the notion of the JWT that BJW-self mitigates the deleterious effects of perceived ageism on self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese gay men may have high levels of demoralization syndrome, and perceived support from parents for sexual orientation may have an essential impact on an individual's mental health. However, there are few studies on the relationship and mechanism between parental support for sexual orientation and demoralization syndrome among gay men. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between parental support for sexual orientation and demoralization syndrome among Chinese gay men, as well as the chain mediating mechanisms of sexual orientation concealment and relational self-esteem between the two. 405 Chinese gay men recruited via the Internet were assessed by self-reported scales measuring parental support for sexual orientation, sexual orientation concealment, relational self-esteem, and demoralization syndrome. The research results show that parental support for sexual orientation was significantly negatively correlated with demoralization syndrome among Chinese gay men. Sexual orientation concealment significantly mediated the relationship between parental support for sexual orientation and demoralization syndrome, and sexual orientation concealment and relational self-esteem had a significant chain mediation effect between parental support for sexual orientation and demoralization syndrome. Additionally, relational self-esteem also significantly mediated the relationship between the two. The results suggest that parental support for sexual orientation may be a protective factor against demoralization syndrome among Chinese gay men. Parental support for sexual orientation is associated with reduced demoralization syndrome symptoms through lower sexual orientation concealment and higher relational self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The negative effect of problematic muscularity-oriented eating has been well-documented in the current literature. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the primary factors that could lead to the beginning and pursuit of such practices. The current research explored the association between narcissism (grandiose and vulnerable) and problematic muscularity-oriented eating, addressing the mediating effect of self-esteem and muscle dysmorphia as reflected in functional impairment (i.e., feelings of guilt when skipping exercise and avoiding social situations because of body image concerns), desire for size (i.e., preoccupations about the inadequate size), and appearance intolerance (i.e., appearance anxiety or body exposure avoidance). The study was carried out with 151 competitive bodybuilders of the category men's and women's physique. Results indicated that the association between grandiose narcissism and problematic muscularity-oriented eating was mediated only by appearance intolerance. In addition, only functional impairment mediated the interplay between vulnerable narcissism and problematic muscularity-oriented eating. These findings yield relevant theoretical implications about the main factors underpinning eating practices that are particularly risky for individual health. Limitations and future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family has considered a sacred haven of comfort with which marital violence is incompatible. the early maladaptive schema (EMS) is an essential cognitive process in individuals' perception of violence. the present research aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem and self-compassion in the relationship between early maladaptive schema and violence against women. The study used a descriptive-analytical correlation with a structural equation model. The statistical population includes all married women in Hamedan, Iran, using the convenience sampling method, and 300 people were selected as the sample size. The research tools included the Bilali Violence against Women Questionnaire (2007), the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF) (1988) the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) (1989), and the Reis Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (2011). Data analysis was analyzed using path analysis through a structural equation model by AMOS-24 and SPSS-24 Software. Self-esteem and self-compassion play a mediating role in the relationship between EMS and violence. The correlation test results (P > 0.05) showed a positive, direct, and significant correlation between all the studied variables. A significant and inverse relationship was observed between the variables of self-esteem and self-compassion with the variable of the EMSs. Similarly, a significant and inverse relationship was found between self-esteem and violence with the variable of the EMSs. Based on the research results, a close relationship existed between EMS, self-esteem, and self-compassion. This study's findings can be used for planning purposes, to enhance knowledge about effective management strategies and essential aspects of adjusting the schema, boosting self-esteem, and fostering self-compassion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractDespite studies showing the effectiveness of Mother Tongue Education (MTE) across Africa (e.g., UNESCO 1978; Bamgbose 1983; Ouane and Glanz 2010), most sub-Saharan African governments seem reluctant to invest in MTE initiatives. Also, the MTE literature has focused primarily on the role of governments in MTE, overlooking how individuals can participate in MTE pedagogical interventions. The question, then, is: How can individuals facilitate MTE within the official pedagogical frame in Africa? To address this question, I present a case study of the ‘Science in Yoruba’ (SiY) project that demonstrates how individuals can implement an MTE-enabling translanguaging pedagogy designed to navigate local obstacles, within the limits of officially sanctioned pedagogies. Results from this project suggest three key takeaways: (i) translanguaging pedagogies are more feasible for individuals to implement in African classrooms than unilingual MTE models, (ii) in African contexts where institutional policies are monoglossic, planned trans­languaging pedagogies (Ou and Gu 2024) are more practical for individuals to implement than spontaneous translanguaging pedagogies, and (iii) rather than focusing on the impacts of private short-term translanguaging interventions on assessment grades, the focus should be on qualitative outcomes such as students’ willingness to participate in discussions, increased interest in lesson topics, and enhanced self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present cross-sectional study was aimed at investigating the mediating role of self-esteem on the relation between daily hassles and depressive symptoms among traumatized women. The sample, which was drawn from a large public, inner city healthcare system, consisted of 154 low-income African American women with a mean age of 36.66 (SD = 11.43) with a recent history of both one or more suicide attempt(s) and exposure to interpersonal violence in the form of intimate partner violence (IPV). A series of scales were administered to women, including the Survey of Recent Life Events (SRLE), Beck Self-Esteem Scales (BSES), and Beck Depression Inventory – II (BDI-II). Mplus v8.8 was used to estimate the total, direct, and indirect effects simultaneously for other type of self-esteem (views of self [self-esteem: self], perceptions of others’ views of them [self-esteem: other]). As predicted, daily hassles were associated positively and significantly with depressive symptoms and negatively and significantly with both forms of self-esteem. In addition, lower levels of self-esteem: self, but not self-esteem: others, were associated positively and significantly with depressive symptoms. Partial support was obtained for the mediational hypothesis; self-esteem according to one’s self-evaluation (self-esteem: self), but not projected evaluations of others (self-esteem: other), mediated the daily hassles-depressive symptoms link. Thus, depressive symptoms in African American female suicide attempters exposed to IPV appear to vary based on how these women appraise their own self-worth in the context of managing daily stressors and hassles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the SER project, which focuses on autonomy and curricular flexibility. Additionally, it seeks to assess the profiles of students from three Portuguese professional schools in relation to their social and emotional skills, self-concept and personal development after project implementation. Methods: The sample comprised of 381 students aged between 15 and 20 years. The study employed a quantitative methodology with data collected using the Social and Emotional Skills Questionnaire, the Self-Concept Scale, and the Positive Youth Development Scale. Results: School 1 includes students who tend to exhibit high levels of Social Awareness and Cooperation. School 2, while not excelling in any particular competencies, shows above-average values across all assessed dimensions. Finally, students at School 3 demonstrate elevated levels in Interpersonal Relationships, Self-Esteem, Self-Management, Self-Concept, and Decision-Making. Discussion: It was found that student profiles differ depending on the school they attend, and it was found that statistically significant differences occur between School 1 and School 2 in Decision-Making and between School 1 and School 3 in Interpersonal Relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental illness that ultimately leads to reduced quality of life (QoL). Over the years, QoL has emerged as an important outcome in the treatment of schizophrenia patients, but the role of psychosocial variables in determining QoL is still ambiguous. Therefore, in the present research, demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables were examined for their influence on QoL. Methods: We conducted a prospective and cross-sectional study on a sample of 139 patients with schizophrenia (72.7% females, age 48.17 ± 10.22) attending an outpatient service. QoL was measured using Schizophrenia Quality of Life Revision-4 (SQLR4) and internalised stigma, self-esteem, perceived social support, resilience and coping mechanisms were assessed using a battery of standardized self-report scales. Results: Female patients and those less adherent to treatment had reduced cognition and vitality QoL. The worst QoL in all domains was observed in patients with a younger age at illness onset and with six or more hospitalizations. Regression analysis indicated that reduced self-esteem, perceived social support, a larger number of hospitalization and increased internalised stigma predicted poorer overall QoL and accounted for 44.9% in the variance in SQLSR4 global score (adjusted R2 = 0.449, p = 0.046). Conclusions: Routine assessment of internalised stigma, self-esteem and perceived social support, in addition to demographic and clinical variables and addressing possible deficits in these areas through personalized intervention, could improve QoL in schizophrenia patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attending to the phone while interacting face‐to‐face with another person, a behaviour known as phubbing, can be detrimental to the phubbed person's psychological wellbeing. Recent research revealed that phubbing friends and partners indirectly affected the phubbed individual's wellbeing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of children's phubbing on parents' psychological wellbeing; not the effect of parents' phubbing on children's psychological wellbeing, which has been the focus of most of current research. Two hundred and sixty six (266) parents of smartphone users participated in a web survey. The questionnaire measured parents' experience of being phubbed by their children, psychological wellbeing, relationship satisfaction, loneliness, and self‐esteem. The analysis showed a significant indirect effect of children's phubbing on parents' psychological wellbeing through the mediating roles of relationship satisfaction and loneliness. Children's phubbing increased parents' feelings of loneliness, and this rise in levels of loneliness worsened parents' psychological wellbeing. Similarly, children's phubbing decreased parents' relationship satisfaction with their children, and this decrease in feelings of relationship satisfaction worsened parents' psychological wellbeing. Additionally, children's phubbing affected parents' psychological wellbeing through the mediating roles of relationship satisfaction and loneliness in sequence (chain effect). As children's phubbing increased parents' feelings of loneliness, parents' relationship satisfaction with their children dropped. The lowering of feelings of relationship satisfaction worsened parents' psychological wellbeing. A moderated mediation analysis revealed that children's phubbing decreased parents' relationship satisfaction with their children, especially for parents who are low on self‐esteem. This study is one of the first that offers insights into how children's phubbing and parents' psychological wellbeing are related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to review the previous literature to analyze scientific research published in peer-reviewed scientific journals in Arabic and English, during the period from 2013 to 2023 AD. This is about the impact of inclusive education practices on students' self-esteem and sense of belonging in the classroom and the school community. In searching for relevant literature, the two researchers used the following databases: Dar Al-Mandurah, Eric,Google scholar, and then the literature was reviewed and analyzed The results of the study showed that the impact of inclusive education practices on students' self-esteem was positive and that the impact of inclusive education practices on students' sense of belonging varied between positive and negative, The results also revealed the existence of challenges facing students in inclusive education However, the presence of positive outputs resulting from comprehensive education urges specialists to face these challenges and continue working. The researchers recommended that the need still exists to conduct more studies about the impact of inclusive education on self-esteem and students' sense of belonging to the classroom and the school community Work on building standards to assess the quality of research published in Arabic language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self-esteem is a psychological term that, since its emergence in 1890 with William James, has been widely studied. Furthermore, this construct has been examined in different areas of psychology, including the clinical field, where its relationship with mental health and low levels of depression has been demonstrated. In the realm of positive psychology, its connection to resilience and life satisfaction has also been established. Evaluating self-esteem in military personnel is essential, as healthy self-esteem can enhance resilience, improve performance, and promote emotional well-being. Objective: To evaluate validity based on internal structure from the perspective of Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT), to obtain evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables, and to estimate the reliability of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Method: To this end, 584 military personnel from the three ranks of the Spanish Army (officers, non-commissioned officers, and professional soldiers and sailors) were evaluated, of which 511 were men (87.70%) and 72 were women (12.30%), with an age range of 18 to 66 years (M = 33.17, SD = 7.38). Results: The results indicate that the unidimensional structure of the RSES shows adequate fit indices (CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.05), while the difficulty and discrimination parameters exhibited favorable values. Additionally, an acceptable reliability value was found (ɷ = 0.81; α = 0.80). Conclusions: Therefore, it is concluded that the RSES-JGA presents adequate psychometric properties of validity and reliability, making it a useful and relevant instrument for measuring self-esteem in military personnel of the Spanish Army. This will make it possible to measure the level of self-esteem in military personnel, i.e., the set of perceptions, thoughts, evaluations, feelings, and behavioral tendencies directed towards oneself, one's own way of being, and towards one's own body and character traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Physical exercise is an important way for college students to keep healthy, and social adaptation is an important part of college students' mental health. Therefore, this study explores strategies to enhance college students' social adaptation from the perspective of physical exercise, examining the correlation between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation, and delving into the roles of self-esteem and peer attachment in this relationship. Methods: A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect data from 809 college students at Zhaoqing University (average age 19.88 ± 1.22, of whom 399 were male and 410 were female) using the physical exercise scale, college students' social adaptation scale, self-esteem scale, and peer attachment scale. For data analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bias-corrected percentile bootstrap methods were sequentially performed. Results: (1) Physical exercise was positively correlated with college students' social adaptation (r = 0.58, p < 0.01), and the direct path between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation was significant (β = 0.28, p < 0.01, CI[0.22, 0.33]); (2) Physical exercise was positively correlated with self-esteem (β = 0.56, p < 0.01, CI[0.50, 0.62]) and peer attachment (β = 0.18, p < 0.01, CI[0.11, 0.26]); self-esteem was positively correlated with peer attachment (β = 0.36, p < 0.01, CI[0.28, 0.43]) and college students' social adaptation (β = 0.43, p < 0.01, CI[0.37, 0.49]); peer attachment was positively correlated with college students' social adaptation (β = 0.18, p < 0.01, CI[0.12, 0.23]); (3) The relationship between physical exercise and social adaptation was not only mediated independently by self-esteem and peer attachment, but also indirectly by the same two factors in a chain reaction. Conclusion: Physical exercise can not only directly predict college students' social adaptation, but also indirectly predict college students' social adaptation through the independent mediation and chain mediation of self-esteem and peer attachment. It reveals that we should combine more important physical exercise with mental health education for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on masculinity finds that men who are socioeconomically excluded or otherwise marginalized may create subcultures that eschew the values of mainstream society, such as by valuing and engaging in heavy drinking, fighting, bar culture, sports, and crime, as well as rejecting school success; recent discussions have also examined the rejection of expertise and experts as a related backlash to mainstream institutions. Using in-depth interview data, the present study examines how rural, prime-age men (n = 61) who are out of the labor force develop a sense of their own value without formal employment and the role expertise plays in them doing so. Most claim expertise and do so constructively, as they assert a positive sense of their own worth through their knowledge and skills (“I am a person who can … ”). Men make claims to the dignity of holding expertise while outside institutionalized employment roles. This suggests the portability of this cultural tool and that its use is not contingent on institutional endorsements. Men’s self-identity of expertise could be challenged in formal employment settings, making formal work less attractive to them. To understand labor force participation, our focus must go beyond compensation to attend to how work opportunities are aligned or in conflict with men’s identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Understanding the psychosocial factors influencing self-management behaviors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is crucial for effective medical interventions and improving their quality of life. However, few studies have explored the psychosocial mechanisms influencing self-management behaviors among PLWHA in China. This study, conducted in accordance with STROBE guidelines, uses SEM to explore the roles of social support, self-efficacy, and self-esteem in predicting self-management behaviors among Chinese PLWHA. Methods: From March 2023 to July 2023, a convenience sample of 282 PLWHA, recruited from one designated AIDS hospital and one Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province, China, was surveyed. Data were collected via four validated self-report scales (the Social Support Rating Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the HIV/AIDS Patient Self-Management Scale). Structural equation modeling was used to assess the relationships among social support, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-management behaviors. Results: The new model demonstrated acceptable fit parameters (χ2/df = 2.15, GFI = 0.96, AGFI = 0.93, CFI = 0.93, IFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.05). The direct effect of social support on self-management behaviors was significant (β = 0.117, P < 0.05). In addition, self-efficacy and self-esteem played significant mediating roles in the influence of social support on self-management behaviors, accounting for 38.73% and 22.79% of the total effect, respectively. Moreover, they served as chain mediators, contributing 9.80% to the total effect. Conclusions: These findings contribute to our understanding of the psychosocial dynamics influencing self-management behavior in Chinese PLWHA and have broader implications for populations in other countries. Targeted interventions that enhance social support, self-efficacy, and self-esteem could be applied in various cultural contexts to improve self-management practices among PLWHA globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined a model of the associations among self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, and the drive for muscularity among Jamaican male weight lifters, and compared model relationships between weight lifters from rural and urban areas of residence. Using a purposive sampling approach, cross-sectional data were collected from 225 male weight lifters, ages 18–67 years (M = 28.16, SD = 9.52), from gyms in rural and urban areas of Jamaica. Participants completed the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE), the Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS), and the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS). Results from path analysis indicated that self-esteem exerted a negative direct effect on body dissatisfaction (β = -0.32, p < .001). The direct effect of self-esteem on the drive for muscularity was negative and non-significant (β= -0.10, p = .172), however, body dissatisfaction exerted a positive direct effect on the drive for muscularity (β = 0.27, p = .001). Self-esteem exerted a negative indirect effect on the drive for muscularity through body dissatisfaction (β = -0.09, 95% CI [−0.16, −0.03]). Model relationships remained similar across both rural and urban weight lifting subgroups. These results highlight self-esteem and body dissatisfaction as contributors to the drive for muscularity among Jamaican male weight lifters, with the role of self-esteem being primarily indirect by way of body dissatisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and depression among college students, focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem and positive psychological capital. Methods: Group psychological measurements were conducted on 579 students using various scales, including the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PPQ), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). The data was analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and bootstrap methods to test and analyze the effects. Results: A negative correlation between physical exercise and depressive mood, with physical exercise significantly predicting college students' depressive mood. Additionally, physical exercise was found to positively predict self-esteem and positive psychological capital, both of which are negatively predictive of depressive mood. Self-esteem and positive psychological capital were identified as significant mediators between physical exercise and depressive mood, with three mediating paths: physical exercise, self-esteem, and depressed mood (Path 1), exhibited an indirect effect of 0.017, with the bootstrap 95% confidence interval excluding 0 (LLCI = −0.051, ULCI = −0.004) and accounting for 8.30% of the total effect. Physical exercise, positive psychological capital, and depression emotion (Path 2), had an indirect effect of 0.049, with the bootstrap 95% confidence interval also not containing 0 (LLCI = −0.088, ULCI = −0.011) and contributing to 23.90% of the total effect. Physical exercise, self-esteem, positive psychological capital, depressed mood (Path 3), demonstrated an indirect effect of 0.006, with the bootstrap 95% confidence interval excluding 0 (LLCI = −0.011, ULCI = −0.001) and representing 2.90% of the total effect. Conclusion: Physical exercise negatively predicts depressive mood among college students and has a mediating effect through self-esteem and positive psychological capital, creating a chain-like impact on their depressive symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Academic achievement in nursing students is significantly influenced by their self-esteem and goal orientation. Defensive pessimism, a strategy where students set low expectations to prepare for potential failure, helps them stay motivated and focused. While this cognitive strategy can boost effort and performance, its relationship with self-esteem and goal orientation remains underexplored among nursing students, revealing a gap in understanding how these factors interact to influence academic success. Objective: Assess the level and relationship between defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem among nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing. Method: Four hundred students were included in the research using a stratified sampling method followed by a simple randomization sampling technique to select 100 students from each academic year. Tools: The Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire, the Goal Orientation Scale, and the Self-Esteem Scale were used. Results: 56.28% of participants had a low level of defensive pessimism, about two-thirds (62.30%) had a low level of goal orientation, and 70.0% of the students had a mild level of self-esteem. In addition, higher levels of defensive pessimism are significantly associated with stronger goal orientation (r =.291, p <.001) but lower self-esteem (r = −.246, p <.001). Additionally, self-esteem is significantly positively correlated with mastery-performance approach goals (r =.335, p <.001; r =.142, p <.001) and significantly negatively correlated with mastery-performance avoidance goals (r = −.351, p <.001; r = −.041, p <.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the complex interplay between defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem in nursing students. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance academic achievement and psychological well-being among nursing students, potentially by fostering adaptive goal-setting strategies and addressing the impacts of defensive pessimism on self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Much research on the treatment of paranoia has involved cognitive-behavioural interventions that address explicit social cognition processes. However, much of human cognition is preverbal or implicit, raising the possibility that such social judgements are implicated in paranoia. One type of implicit social cognition that has been investigated concerning paranoia is implicit self-esteem with some evidence that it may be possible to change implicit self-esteem using techniques based on conditioning theory. Therefore, the primary purpose of this research is to further evaluate the potential of this approach. At the same time, as a secondary purpose, we introduce a novel way of measuring social cognition that, we argue, has utility for investigating the psychological processes involved in paranoia. Method: We conducted two proof-of-concept studies of a novel brief intervention based on evaluative conditioning, targeting implicit cognition. The first study was conducted with a large non-clinical sample, while the second study included a small series of psychotic patients. As part of our proof-of-concept evaluation of the potential of evaluative conditioning, we attempted to probe for neurophysiological changes following the intervention using magnetoencephalography in an exploratory way in the clinical sample. Results: Our results revealed that both non-clinical and clinical participants in the experimental group showed a significant change in how they evaluated themselves in the social cognition task, which could be related to the perception of social information in a less threatening way. In addition, clinical participants in the experimental group showed changes in brain activity during the social cognition task, particularly in regions involved in emotional reactivity and mentalization processes. Discussion: Our results are encouraging, suggesting that implicit cognition is manipulable, that such manipulation affects underlying neurophysiological mechanisms, and that there may be an impact on paranoid symptoms. However, much more work is required to determine whether this approach can produce meaningful clinical change and be delivered in routine clinical settings. Finally, it is important to note that we are not claiming the clinical effectiveness of our intervention, which is in a very early stage of development. Our goal here is to demonstrate clinical possibilities that warrant further investigation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this descriptive quantitative inquiry was to determine the level self-esteem of grade 10 students of Asuncion National High School. It aimed to find out the effectiveness of the intervention through the adaptation of the instrument of Crocker et al. (2003), contingencies of self-worth theory and measurement. It aimed to find out if there was a difference of the mean from the pre-test and post-test of the Soar to Self-Esteem Sufficiency (SSS) Program. This inquiry utilized descriptive-quantitative method in which numerical and non-numerical responds was analyzed. The participant of this research were the 45 students of grade 10 section Del Pilar in Asuncion National High School. After the implementation, an interview was made to determine the insights of the four (4) teachers and ten (10) students of the effectiveness of the intervention. The data collection was though Likert Scale and survey questionnaire which compose of In-Depth Interview (IDI) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The result found out that there was a difference between the pre-test and post-test based on its overall mean. The mean of the pre-test was 2.37 with 0.235 standard deviation while the post-test was 4.34 with 0.167 standard deviation. The pre-test determine that the students have low self-esteem while the post-test generates a very high self-esteem result. The insights of the teachers and students generates three (3) themes namely; active class participation, enthusiasm in learning and develop collaboration with other peers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Medical postgraduates generally experience high levels of depression and anxiety. Previous studies have investigated the impact of various achievement motivations on depression/anxiety among medical students. Methods: This study focused on self-esteem and perceived stress, examining the internal mechanisms through which achievement motivation affects depression/anxiety. 530 medical postgraduate students (66.04% female and 33.96% male) were administered the Achievement Goal Orientation Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale. Results: Results indicated that: (1) mastery-approach goals were negatively correlated with depression/anxiety; mastery-avoidance goals were positively correlated with depression/anxiety; performance-avoidance goals positively predicted depression/anxiety; (2) self-esteem mediated the relationship between achievement motivation and depression/anxiety; (3) perceived stress played a mediating role in the relationship between achievement motivation and depression/anxiety; (4) self-esteem and perceived stress played a chain mediating role in the relationship between achievement motivation and depression/anxiety; (5) there was no significant linear correlation between mastery-approach goals and depression/anxiety. Discussion: Although this study employed a cross-sectional design and self-report scales, both of which have certain limitations, the findings still hold significant theoretical and practical implications. The research reveals a mediating pathway between achievement goals and mental health, offering new insights into mental health education for medical graduate students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines how the physical appearance of TikTok influencers affects the self-esteem and body image of young women. An online experiment was conducted with three experimental groups: a normative body, a non-normative body, and a control group. The results show that the influencers’ body type does not directly impact users’ self-perception but does so indirectly. Young women tend to identify more with influencers who have non-normative bodies, which in turn, enhances their self-esteem and body satisfaction. This study highlights the importance of promoting body diversity on social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) presents unique psychological challenges, including deep-seated feelings of self-disgust, rigid physical appearance perfectionism, and diminished self-esteem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) on self-disgust, physical appearance perfectionism, and self-esteem in girls with AN. Methods: This semi-experimental study used a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all girls with AN in Tehran, Iran, who had been referred to counselling centers and nutritionists in 2023. Forty of them aged 14 to 19 were selected using the convenience sampling method. Initially, 20 participants were selected for each group, but 3 participants from the control group were excluded due to absence of more than three sessions. The experimental group received 15 sessions of ISTDP, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected through the use of the Overton et al. Self-Disgust Scale (SDS), Yang and Stoeber Physical Appearance Perfectionism Scale (PAPS), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Data were analyzed using univariate, multivariate, and repeated measures of covariance in SPSS software. Results: ISTDP effectively reduced self-disgust (P = 0.001, F = 0.151) and physical appearance perfectionism (P = 0.001, F = 8.830), and enhanced self-esteem (P = 0.001, F = 52.388) in girls with AN. Conclusion: ISTDP was able to reduce self-disgust and physical appearance perfectionism and increase self-esteem, and this change continued in the follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Body image issues among adolescents are rising in India. The grade of body image has alarming influence on functions in all perspectives of life. Outcome like academic absenteeism are connected with one's body perception. There is a need to review the perception of self-esteem and body image of medical undergraduates along with their impacts on academic behavior of undergraduates. Methodology: The study involved medical undergraduates and cross-sectional design was used. Questionnaire consisted of Socio demographic profile and 3 scales which includes Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Szuch's scale and Measurement of Academic Behavior (MAB). Data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Results: 540 MBBS students participated in the study. Positive correlation seen amid self-esteem and body image perception with r=0.5 (p=<0.001). Significant positive correlation was observed among academic behavior and self-esteem as r = 0.0.473 (p=<0.001). Body image dissatisfaction was observed in underweight and overweight undergraduates. (p <0.001). Conclusion: The results concluded that the undergraduates with poor body image satisfaction and low self-esteem were found to be having low level of academic behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]