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Several synthetic strategies were developed for the preparation of chiral dendrimer-encapsulated Pt nanoparticle (Pt DEN) catalysts. In one approach, regular OH-terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were first derivatized with cinchonidine using “click” chemistry and sebacic acid as a linker. As many as half of the 64 terminal OH groups in a 4th generation PAMAM dendrimer could be modified this way, and the overall cinchonidine content could be tuned by controlling the CD:PAMAM ratio during synthesis. Platinum nanoparticles were then added to these cinchonidine-modified dendrimers. In an alternative route, regular Pt DENs were made first using PAMAM, and the resulting material was then derivatized with cinchonidine. The two synthetic routes proved successful, but led to materials with different spectroscopic and catalytic properties, presumably because the metal nanoparticles in the first case are made near the cinchonidine functionality, in the outside of the dendrimer structure rather than in its inside, as believed to be the case with the second procedure. A potential complication related to the poisoning of the Pt nanoparticle surface during synthesis was also identified in the second protocol. The catalytic performance of these catalysts for the hydrogenation of α-ketoesters proved to be poor in all cases, presumably because of a number of problems associated with mass transport limitations inside the dendrimer structures and restricted flexibility of the outer chiral branches, which may not be able to interact with the catalytic surfaces. Nevertheless, interesting synthetic lessons were derived from our work with potential value for other applications.

Super-hydrophobic materials for oil/water separation are usually prepared from non-renewable feedstocks, which does not coincide with the sense of sustainable development. Herein, we report a sustainable super-hydrophobic material fabricated via a simple spray-coating method from biobased feedstocks including epoxidized soybean oil, sebacic acid, stearic acid, zinc oxide and cotton fabric. Rough surface structure was successfully constructed by spraying epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) with sebacic acid (SA) and nano-ZnO. After modification with stearic acid (STA), the surface became super-hydrophobic with a water contact angle (WCA) of 155°. The super-hydrophobic fabric shows excellent stability without losing super-hydrophobicity after immersion in water and oil for several days. The super-hydrophobic fabric can selectively separate water mixtures with various oily liquids with separation efficiency higher than 97.5%. With high separation efficiency and excellent stability, the biobased super-hydrophobic fabric can be used as a sustainable and eco-friendly oil/water separation material.

Three nonionic cleavable surfactants were prepared from the reaction of sebacic acid and antipyrine and polyethylene glycols with different molecular weights. The chemical structures of the prepared surfactants were determined using FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The surface activities of the prepared surfactants were measured based on the surface tension measurements at different temperatures. The surface parameters including: surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess (max) and minimum surface area. The prepared surfactants were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors to prevent the dissolution of carbon steel in 1 M HCl using gravimetric method. The results showed that the inhibition efficiency of these compounds is increased by increasing their concentration, immersion time and polyethylene glycol chain length. Where the inhibitive efficiencies of the prepared surfactants at higher immersion time (120 h), increased considerably to the maximum values in the range of 93.8%–98.5% at 800 ppm by weight and in the range of 77.8–87.6% at 25 ppm by weight. The study showed the strong relation between the surface activities of the nonionic surfactants and their inhibition efficiency in the carbon steel protection in 1 M HCl.

Renewable resources, including vegetable oils, can be used as feedstock for the manufacture of pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) that can compete with those derived from petrochemical sources, but with the environmental benefit of being sustainable. Completely bio-based PSA with tunable viscoelastic properties were synthesized from mixtures of epoxidized soybean oil and sebacic acid by a solvent-free one-step reaction, in the absence of catalyst. Curing conditions and pot-life were determined for formulations with stoichiometric acid/epoxy ratio. Curing time ranged from the gel point (tgel) to tgel + 30 min at the selected temperature (170 °C) to study the correlation between the reaction, rheological behavior, and potential adhesive performance. These renewable PSA can be tailored by controlling the curing parameters according to the desired application, since the rheological profile and gel content were greatly dependent on the curing conditions. In particular, the obtained adhesives cured at 170 °C between 65 and 75 min showed the best balance between tack and cohesion. Fil: Ciannamea, Emiliano Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentina Fil: Ruseckaite, Roxana Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentina

Diflunisal, an analgesic anti-inflammatory drug, was recrystallized from acetone solution using water and carbon dioxide as antisolvents. The crystallized diflunisal showed an acicular crystal habit with a very high aspect ratio. Growth retardation of diflunisal crystals was observed when ultrasound was added during the recrystallization and when habit-modifying agents were applied to the system. For example, an increase in sebacic acid concentration from 0.229 to 2.132 wt% lowered the aspect ratio of the crystal from 62 to 8.5, while an increase in Span 83 concentration from 1.712 to 4.415 wt% reduced the aspect ratio from 11 to 4.0. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the presence of ultrasound and habit-modifying agents may induce structural modifications as well as the growth retardation of diflunisal crystals.

The use of soybean oil or its derivatives to toughen polylactide (PLA) usually leads to limited toughening efficiency, due to the incompatibility between toughening agents and parent PLA. Herein, we report a dynamic vulcanization method to toughen PLA using sebacic acid cured epoxidized soybean oil (VESO), a fully sustainable and biodegradable component. A series of sebacic acid cured epoxidized soybean oil precursors (SEPs) were prepared with different carboxyl/epoxy equivalent ratio (R), which consequently dictates the chemical structure and the morphology of PLA/VESO blends after the dynamic vulcanization. We demonstrated that the chemical structure of VESO plays a critical role in the compatibility, morphology, and toughness of the PLA/VESO blends. By optimizing the R-value, supertoughened PLA blends can be obtained, as evidenced by the significant improvement in the tensile toughness (up to 150.6 MJ/m3) and the impact strength (up to 542.3 J/m). The results of the toughening mechanism from the morpho...

We introduce the convergent synthesis of linear monodisperse sequence-defined oligomers through a unique approach, combining the Passerini three-component reaction (P-3CR) and a Diels-Alder (DA) reaction based on photocaged dienes. A set of oligomers is prepared resting on a Passerini linker unit carrying an isocyano group for chain extension by P-3CR and a maleimide moiety for photoenol conjugation enabling a modular approach for chain growth. Monodisperse oligomers are accessible in a stepwise fashion by switching between both reaction types. Employing sebacic acid as a core unit allows the synthesis of a library of symmetric sequence-defined oligomers. The oligomers consist of alternating P-3CR and photoblocks with molecular weights up to 3532.16 g mol-1 , demonstrating the successful switching from P-3CR to photoenol conjugation. In-depth characterization was carried out including size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and NMR spectroscopy, evidencing the monodisperse nature of the precision oligomers.

In order to extend the application of epoxy vitrimer, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (CHDA) was used as a co-curing agent and structure modifier for sebacic acid (SA) cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy vitrimer to tailor the mechanical properties of epoxy vitrimers with 1,5,7-triazabicylo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) as a transesterification catalyst. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of vitrimer increased gradually with the increase in CHDA content. Vitrimers behaved from elastomer to tough and hard plastics were successfully achieved by varying the feed ratio of CHDA to SA. Both the Young’s modulus and storage modulus increased apparently with the increase in CHDA content. Stress relaxation measurement indicated that more prominent stress relaxation occurred at elevated temperatures and the stress relaxation decreased with the increase of CHDA content due to the reduced mobility of the vitrimer backbone. The vitrimers showed excellent recyclability as evidenced by the unchanged gel fraction and mechanical properties after compression molded for several times. With tunable mechanical properties, the epoxy vitrimers may find extensive potential applications.

A biocatalytic synthesis of sebacic biscyclocarbonate has been developed. Sebacic biscyclocarbonate is a monomer for non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) synthesis. The synthesis was performed in neat glycerol carbonate in the presence of lipase B from Candida antarctica (CalB immo Plus). The bifunctional molecule was synthesized directly from the bio-based reactants sebacic acid and glycerol carbonate, a product of glycerol. The optimization of reaction conditions in terms of reaction time and temperature revealed a temperature optimum at room temperature in contrast to the activity optimum of the lipase. NMR analysis was used to investigate the dominant competing reactions and the mechanism of selectivity at the optimized reaction parameters. 1H- and 13C-NMR as well as mass spectrometry confirm that sebacic biscyclocarbonate can be synthesized in the highest purity by the optimized process.

A fully biobased vitrimer material with high lignin content is demonstrated. Ozone treated Kraft lignin is cured with sebacic acid epoxy to form bond-exchangeable crosslinked networks. The biobased vitrimer shows excellent shape memory and repairing properties at elevated temperatures. By taking advantage of these features, a promising recoverable adhesive is also demonstrated.

Food borne infection is a serious complication caused by Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), a dangerous bacteria. Antibiotics are among the remedies for the destruction of bacterial infection by predominantly targeting the bacterial cell, minimizing the side effects and overcoming antibiotic resistance. In the present study, we have developed non-toxic, biocompatible metal oxide (zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO)) nanoparticle-functionalized sebacic acid-grafted poly(2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (SA-g-PHEMA) with encapsulation of metronidazole (MTZ) antibiotic drug. Nearly 99% of drug encapsulation was obtained. The drug-releasing properties were investigated at different pH, namely, 1.2, 2.5, 5.5 and 7.4 and maximum drug release was attained at acidic pH (5.5). Functionality changes, surface modification, elemental analysis and plane orientation were investigated using FTIR, SEM, TEM, EDX and XRD spectroscopy. Lower MIC value of MgO–ZnO/SA-g-PHEMA–MTZ nanocarrier showed higher antibacterial activity. Furthermore, 79% of biofilm inhibition was obtained against MgO–ZnO/SA-g-PHEMA–MTZ in L. monocytogenes. Colony-forming unit (CFU) assay indicated that the MgO–ZnO/SA-g-PHEMA–MTZ nanocarrier highly reduced the bacterial colonization on the C. elegans worm.

A two-step one-pot synthesis of benzene from the five-fold unsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a component of microalgae oils, is presented. By a sequence of olefin metathesis and the catalytic dehydrogenation of the resulting 1,4-cyclohexadiene, two equivalents of benzene are effectively formed per EPA substrate molecule. As the only major by-products, 5-octenoic acid and 5-decenedioic acid are formed. Performing the dehydrogenation step under hydrogen pressure results in the formation of their saturated analogues, sebacic acid and octanoic acid, both desirable products, while the simultaneous dehydrogenation step to benzene is not hampered. published

In the recent decade, Poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS) has received tremendous attention in versatile biomedical fields because of its superior elasticity, excellent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Conventionally, PGS comprised of glycerol and sebacic acid is prepared via a two-step polymerization, where synthesis parameters such as curing time and temperature, and feeding ratio of the reagents can be readily tailored to improve the performance for the ultimate use. However, such tweaks are no longer able to catch the high demand of intended biomedical applications. As such, a series of modification strategies and construction modalities have been developed to extend traditional PGS with a wider range of physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties for unmet biomedical needs. Herein, we present a comprehensive literature review of these advanced modification approaches ranging from hydrophilization, functionalization, and mechanical reinforcement. Moreover, various PGS-related constructions used in biomedical applications are highlighted, including hard tissue engineering, soft tissue engineering, and drug delivery and device design. From the perspective of potential clinical use, challenges and limitations of current PGS-based biomaterials, and their future development are also discussed in this review.

The synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) based polymers is gaining importance as a replacement for petrochemical polymers due to their excellent thermomechanical and barrier properties. However, the industrial production of FDCA based homopolyesters is impeded due to several factors including poor optical property, low ductility, and slow crystallization rate. In order to tune the properties of FDCA-based homopolyesters, FDCA has been copolymerized with several aliphatic (adipic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, sebacic acid, polyglycolic acid, and polyethylene glycol) and cyclic (caprolactam and isohexides) comonomers. The present review focuses on the current trends related to the synthesis of FDCA and its copolyesters. The thermomechanical and barrier properties of copolyesters have been discussed concerning applications in the food and beverage packaging sectors, with an emphasis on their biodegradability (hydrolytic and enzymatic) and compostability.

In this research new types of biomaterials have been introduced. They are based on glycerin, sebacic acid, succinic acid and ɛ-caprolactone as their monomers. Their bio-nanocomposites were prepared with organo-montmorillonite (Cloisite 30B, C30B) and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) by in-situ polymerization technique. Chemical, mechanical and biologocal properties of prepared samples were assessed by different tests. 1H NMR study showed that resin of polymeric chains poly(glycerol-sebacic) (PGSe), poly(glycerol-Sebacic-succinic) (PGSeSu) and Poly(glycerol-sebacic-succinic)-co-polycaprolactone (PGSeSuPC) were successfully synthesized. The results of dynamic contact angle test were showed that the presence of succinic acid and ɛ-caprolactone monomers in PGSe would provide attractive characteristics and the existence of nanoparticles would enhance the hydrophilicity of the samples. According to Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), it was determined that the storage modulus of samples which have been co-polymered by succinic acid and ɛ-caprolactone is higher than that of the PGSe at −40 °C and it is lower in higher temperatures. The existence of succinic acid and ɛ-caprolactone monomers have had softening effects on movement of PGSe chains. In tan(δ) behavior, the glass transformation temperature (Tg) for PGSe is about –7.6 °C and by co-polymerization with succinic acid and ɛ-caprolactone it changed to −11.8 °C and −26 °C respectively. Mechanical analysis on normal and degraded samples were done and their results showed that the presence of e-caprolactone into the bio-rubber’s backbone, has had significant effects on Young’s modulus and tensile strength. However, cyclic tensile test showed that hysteresis and residual strain of PGSeSuPC-C3 sample was higher than other samples. Hydrocatalytic degradation test explained that the existence of succinic acid monomer as an absorbent of water molecules, have enhanced the degradability, while the combination of nanoparticles of C30B and n-HA have had a positive influence on samples degradation.

High molecular weight aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters were synthesized from Sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, 1, 4-butanediol and glycerol via two-step esterification and polycondensation. Copolyesters were characterized with intrinsic viscosity, gel permeation chromatography, X-ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, rheological analysis, tensile and puncture testing. All the copolyesters had a weight-average molecular weight over 20,000 g/mol or intrinsic viscosity over 1.1 dL/g when the glycerol content was in the range from 0.04 to 0.1 mol. Particularly, in addition to a small reduction in the tensile strength and elongation at break, the molecular weight, crystallinity, and intrinsic viscosity of the polyester were increased when the glycerol content was 0.04 mol, and the puncture resistance reached its maximum, which would improve the performance of the copolyester film. Obviously, the addition of glycerol did not significantly affect the melting temperature, glass transition temperature and thermal stability of polyesters, which would make it possible to use copolyester as a base material for cold-resistant hydrogels. As a whole, the level of glycerol within 0.1 mol is sufficient to improve the properties of copolyesters, which is beneficial to promote the generalization of them for films and hydrogels.

Azobenzene-based liquid crystalline elastomers with dynamic ester bonds exhibit high thermal- and photo-responsive properties. However, there are a few studies that focus on photo-induced and thermal-induced behaviors separately. Herein, novel thermal- and photo-responsive LCEs containing dynamic ester bonds were prepared from 4,4’-diglycidyloxy-azobenzene, sebacic acid and tung oil-based azobenzene, which acted as a side chain. The dynamic transesterification reactions on the network structure were confirmed through stress relaxation. The photo-induced and thermal-induced behaviors were also investigated. The monodomain LCEs film was obtained by uniaxial stretching at a temperature above the smectic–isotropic phase transition temperature (Ti ∼82 °C). Due to the breakage and formation of dynamic ester bonds and the order-disorder smectic phase transition caused by heat and the trans-cis isomerization of azobenzene mesogens, the thermal-induced stress of the monodomain LCEs film reached ∼3 MPa. The LCEs film also exhibited thermal-induced shape-memory properties. Investigation of its photo-responsive behavior further demonstrated that the monodomain LCEs film generated stress of ∼1.1 MPa while exhibited photo-induced deformation due to the trans-cis isomerization of azobenzene mesogens upon irradiation with 365 nm UV light. Finally, we observed that the monodomain LCEs film could undergo quickly photo-induced deformation and could be processed into a photo-driven gripper.

Recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a global concern due to generation of large volume of its post consumer waste and serious environmental problems caused as PET does not decompose in nature readily. Present research work aims at effective recycling of waste PET from soft drink bottles by aminolysis method and further utilization of the recycled product for high performance coating application. In the present study, we report aminoethylenethanolamine (AEEA) which till date is not studied much for chemical recycling of PET, having primary and secondary amine groups together with hydroxyl groups, for aminolysis reaction. The reaction parameters were optimized for conventional and microwave assisted technique by varying the ratio of raw materials, reaction time, temperature and power. The recycled oligomeric product was separated, purified and characterized for determination of amine value, hydroxyl value and by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton NMR (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Further polyesteramides were successfully synthesized by partial replacement of neopentyl glycol by aminolyzed oligomeric product along with sebacic acid and phthalic anhydride. These resulting polyesteramides were further cured with commercial polyisocyanate curing agents and applied on mild steel panels. The cured coatings were evaluated for their optical, mechanical, chemical, thermal and anticorrosive properties. The partial replacement of recycled product of PET wastes exhibited comparative coating performance properties with respect to polyester polyol synthesized without any component based on recycled PET waste product.

Fully biobased poly(butylene sebacate-co-butylene furandicarboxylate) (PBSFs) copolyesters were synthesized using a two-step melt polycondensation method from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), sebacic acid(SA), and 1,4-butanediol (BDO). The composition, molecular weight, crystal structure, and thermal properties of PBSFs were investigated by 1 H NMR, GPC, WAXD, DSC and TGA, respectively. Tensile properties were also evaluated. The number average molecular weight ( M n ) ranges from 35600 to 46200 g/mol. PBSFs are all random copolyesters and exhibit excellent thermal stability. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) and melting point temperature ( T m ) of PBSFs gradually decreased with the increasing of butylene sebacate (BS) unit content ( Ф BS ). Compared with poly(butylene furandicarboxylate) (PBF), PBSFs exhibit lower T g and crystallinity. Thus, the ductility of PBF is substantially improved (the elongation at break ( e b ) of PBSFs ranges from 100 to 780%).

Thermal stability and degradation kinetics have been studied for a series of aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters where the terephthalate content was varied between 30 mol-% and 70 mol-%. Succinate, adipate and sebacate were considered as the aliphatic dicarboxylate unit. All copolyesters were synthesized with a perfect random distribution by a thermal transesterification process from the corresponding homopolyesters. A complex degradation was deduced for all copolymers taking into account the increment of the activation energy with conversion. In fact, thermogravimetric curves showed a minor decomposition process in the low conversion region that was more significant for the succinate derivative and specifically for that having the lowest aromatic content. The sebacate derivative was characterized by the presence of an additional and minor decomposition process that took place at the highest conversion. All copolyesters were defined by a major decomposition process, which has similar values of activation energy regardless of the method used to calculate them (e.g. Kissinger, KAS or Friedman methodologies). This decomposition reaction followed a A4 Avrami-Erofeev mechanism when Coats-Redfern and Criado methodologies were applied. In summary, all the studied copolymers thermally decompose following a complex process but in all cases the main degradation step corresponds to a similar degradation mechanism.

Epoxidized plant oil (EPO) thermosets usually exhibit poor performance due to the short, brittle, and amorphous cross-link structures. To fabricate fully biobased high performance EPO thermoset, we synthesized dicarboxyl-terminated polyamide1010 (NYL) oligomers from castor oil derived monomers, i.e., sebacic acid and decamethylene diamine, and used the NYL to cure epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) to fabricate all plant oil derived epoxy thermoset through a catalyst-free curing method. Chemorheological study indicated that the curing rate decreases with increasing NYL chain length. The cross-link density of the epoxy thermoset decreases while the crystallization enhances with increasing NYL chain length, which results in drastic enhancement in tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break of the resultant thermosets, enabling those parameters to enhance by up to 59, 145, and 18 times, respectively, compared to sebacic acid cured ESO thermoset. The melting temperature and thus the heat resistance o...

Poly(anhydride) are unstable and prone to hydrolytic degradation and depolymerisation via anhydride interchange. They are stored at -20°C, packed under inert atmosphere until use. We synthesized a new poly(anhydride) from ricinoleic (RA) and sebacic (SA) acid with alternating ester-anhydride structure that is stable at 25°C for over 18months. The copolymer is also stable in chloroform solution and under γ-irradiation. The polymer hydrolyses through anhydride cleavage lasting ~7days to form oligoesters, which are stable for >30days. The release of gentamycin from the synthesized alternate polymer matrix is sustained compared to the random copolymer.

Nylon 10T and Nylon 10T/1010 samples were synthesized by direct melt polymerization. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of Nylon 10T and Nylon 10T/1010 was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Jeziorny equation and Mo equation were applied to describe the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of the Nylon 10T and the Nylon 10T/1010. The activation energies for non-isothermal crystallization were obtained by Vyazovkin's method and Friedman's method, respectively. These results showed that Jeziorny equation and Mo equation well described the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of the Nylon 10T and the Nylon 10T/1010. It was found that the values of the activation energy for non-isothermal crystallization of the Nylon 10T/1010 were lower than those of the Nylon 10T at a given temperature or relative crystallinity degree, which revealed that crystallization ability of the Nylon 10T/1010 was higher. The crystal morphology was observed by means of a polarized optical microscope (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the addition of sebacic acid comonomer not only did not change the crystal form of the Nylon 10T, but also significantly increased the number and decreased the size of spherulites. Comparing with the Nylon 10T, the crystallization rate was increased with the addition of the sebacic acid comonomer.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare a new modified polybutylene terephalate (MPBT) for fused deposition modeling (FDM) to increase the variety of materials compatible with printing. And the printing materials can be used to print components with a complex structure and functional mechanical parts. Design/methodology/approach The MPBT, poly(butylene terephalate-co-isophthalate-co-sebacate) (PBTIS), was prepared for FDM by direct esterification and subsequent polycondensation using terephthalic acid (PTA), isophthalic acid (PIA), sebacic acid (SA) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO). The effects of the content of PIA (20-40 mol%) on the mechanical properties of PBTIS were investigated when the mole per cent of SA (αSA) is zero. The effects of αSA (0-7mol%) on the thermal, rheological and mechanical properties of PBTIS were investigated at nPTA/nPIA = 7/3. A desktop wire drawing and extruding machine was used to fabricate the filaments, whose printability and anisotropy were tested by three-dimensional (3D) printing experiments. Findings A candidate content of PIA introducing into PBT was obtained to be about 30 per cent, and the Izod notched impact strength of PBTIS increased with the increase of αSA. The results showed that the PBTIS (nPTA/nPIA = 7/3, αSA = 3-5mol%) is suitable for FDM. Originality/value New printing materials with good Izod notched impact strength were obtained by introducing PIA and SA (nPTA/nPIA = 7/3, αSA = 3-5 mol%) into PBT and their anisotropy are better than that of ABS.

In this study, poly(monoethylene diglycol sebacate) with a low molecular weight was synthesized from the reaction of ethylene diglycol and sebacic acid. The melt condensation reaction of the prepared polyester diol with citric acid produced a bioelastomer material comprising a network of transparent and flexible polyether esters. This material was amorphous, with a glass transition temperature of lower than 0°C. Its mechanical properties (tensile strength, 1.92–4.61 MPa; elongation at break, 201.9–348.9%) and degradation performance could be tuned by changing the molar ratio of the reacting monomers and controlling the crosslink curing time of the prepolymer. As a biological material, the as-synthesized elastomer showed good hydrophilicity, water-absorption capability, and dimensional stability.

Shape-stabilized composite phase change materials composed of sebacic acid (SA) and MCM-41 were prepared by a facile blending and impregnating method. Various characterization techniques were carried out to characterize their structural and thermal properties, including thermogravimetry (TG) analyses and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy. The XRD and FT-IR results indicated the interactions between SA and MCM-41, such as the capillary force and the hydrogen bonding, resulting in the confined crystallization process. As a result, the SA that was confined was amorphous. The TG analysis results showed that the presence of MCM-41 practically resulted in an overlapping of the two decomposition stages. The DSC analysis demonstrated that a decrease in the SA content was accompanied by a continuous decrease in the melting point and phase change enthalpy of the composites.

By using solvent evaporation method, 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine (TAPI) is employed to crystallize with a variety of acids, including 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (HDHBA), 3-nitrophthalic acid (H 2 NPA), 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid (H 2 ATIPIA), 2,5-dibromoterephthalic acid (H 2 DBTPA), 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (H 2 NDSA), sebacic acid (H 2 SA), 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H 3 BTA), and biphenyl-2,2′,5,5'-tetracarboxylic acid (H 4 BPTA). In all eight complexes, protons are completely exchanged from O atom of acid to nitrogen of TAPI in 1 , 3 , 4 , and, 5 , partly transferred in 2, 6, 7 , and 8 . The crystal structure of all eight complexes exhibit that classical robust hydrogen bonds X-H⋯X (X = O/N) direct the molecular crystals to bind together in a stacking modes. Classical hydrogen bond N H⋯O is participated in forming all eight organic salts, while hydrogen bonding O H⋯O are found in constructing the diversity structures in salts 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , and 7 . The analysis shows that some classical supramolecular synthons, such as I R 2 2 (8), V R 2 4 (12), and VI S(6), are observed again in the construction of hydrogen-bonding networks. In the formation of layered and reticular structure, strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules and ligands having well-refined hydrogen atoms have been considered. Water molecules play an important role in building supramolecular structures of 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , and 8 . Moreover, salts 1-8 are further characterized and analyzed by element analysis, infrared radiation, thermogravimetric analysis, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and mass spectra.

Methanol-insoluble high-molecular weight (Mw = 26,610 g mol−1) soft wood kraft lignin was oxypropylated under the mild condition of 40°C and 1 atm for 12 h in the presence of NaOH catalyst for the production of bio-polyester. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that polyether chains were extended due to the oxypropylation reaction. The Mw and Mn of the oxypropylated lignin were 46,330 and 17,110 g mol−1, respectively. The high-molecular weight oxypropylated lignin was reacted with sebacic acid or polybutadiene (dicarboxy terminated) for bio-polyester synthesis. While the decomposition temperatures of the oxypropylated lignin were 217°C and 367°C, those of the bio-polyesters prepared with sebacic acid and polybutadiene (dicarboxy terminated) were 380°C and 453°C, respectively, indicating that the bio-polyesters possessed enhanced thermal properties. The oxypropylation of methanol-insoluble high-molecular weight lignin under mild conditions is one of the promising approaches for preparing bio-plastics...

A library of 20 bio-based succinate (SA) diol, co-diol, and co-diacid polyester polyols (PESPs) was generated and characterized, giving detailed understanding for tuning of their thermal transitions and rheological parameters. SA and 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,6-hexanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, diethylene glycol (DEG), adipic acid, or sebacic acid, and the blended diols were oligomerized to 1000 and 2000 Da Mn. The SA PESP melting point and its ability to crystallize can be set by controlling the structures and ratios of co-diols or co-diacids. We also show that the PESPs follow the expected Arrhenius temperature–viscosity relationship, but with a clear break in activation energy between PESPs with and without pendent methyl substituents and with DEG. PESP glass transition temperature, melting points, and rheology can be controlled independently by use of co-monomers with and without pendent methyl groups and with DEG.

Dicarboxylic acid (DA) cured expoxidized soybean oil (ESO) resins are nonprocessable and usually exhibit low mechanical performance, which significantly restrict the application of these sustainable materials. In this study, we report a facile and efficient way of endowing these thermosetting ESO resins with high performance and thermoplasticity via dynamic vulcanization of ESO with sebacic acid (SA) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA). A phase-separated morphology with vulcanized ESO resin (VESO) dispersed in PLA matrix was formed for the dynamically vulcanized blends even with the content of VESO as high as 80 wt %. Rheological analysis indicated that the obtained VESO/PLA blends showed good melt processability as evidenced by the low complex viscosity at high frequency range. The blend contained 80 wt % cross-linked VESO could also be injection molded. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of VESO were improved by ∼11 and ∼16 times after incorporation of only 20 wt % PLA and could be further increased by ∼3...

A convenient synthetic route of poly(3HB-co-3HH-co-SEB) terpolyesters has been reported. The developed protocol consists of two steps; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHx) oligoesterdiols were synthesized via selective reduction of biopolyesters and then via their polycondensation with sebacoyl chloride the biodegradable terpolyesters, poly(3HB-co-3HH-co-SEB), were obtained. The structure of the obtained terpolyesters was established by NMR analysis supported by mass spectrometry. Modification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) by incorporating units derived from sebacic acid into its chains resulted in terpolyesters with better physico-chemical properties than the starting PHBHx biopolyester. These new polyester materials have greater thermal stability than the starting biopolyester. Furthermore, the introduction of sebacic acid units to a polyester chain leads to the reduction of the glass transition temperatures of the materials and reduces the required processing temperature. A preliminary study confirmed that poly(3HB-co-3HH-co-SEB) terpolyesters can be used to create scaffolds for cell cultures in the form of a three-dimensional spatial structure. Moreover, a toxicity test of the obtained terpolyester carried out on human cells demonstrated that the novel terpolyester is not toxic to human cells in vitro.

A series of biobased copolyesters, poly(ethylene sebacate-co-ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PESF), were synthesized from available biobased ethylene glycol (EG), sebacic acid (SA) and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) through a two-step melt polycondensation method. The composition, molecular weight and its distribution, crystal structure, and crystallization behavior of PESFs were investigated by 1H NMR, GPC, WAXD, and DSC methods, respectively. Tensile properties were also evaluated. While increasing the content of the FDCA unit, the glass transition temperatures of PESFs increased and the crystallization rates of PESFs decreased. Compared with poly(ethylene sebacate) (PES), PESF20 showed two melting peaks due to the formation of secondary crystals (small and imperfects crystals) caused by the incorporation of FDCA during the isothermal crystallization process. POM data showed that the nucleation density of PESF10 and PESF20 increased and the size of spherulites decreased due to the chain irregularity caused by randomization distribution with the introduction of FDCA. However, the crystal structure remained unchanged. Ring-banded spherulites were not detected for PESF20 in a wide temperature range (28–44 °C) as the incorporation of FDCA can restrict lamellar twisting and scrolling of PES segments. The thermal transition and mechanical properties of copolymers are tunable with the composition.