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720 results on '"Schoenbaum, Geoffrey"'

154. Prior Cocaine Use Alters the Normal Evolution of Information Coding in Striatal Ensembles during Value-Guided Decision-Making.

Author

Mueller, Lauren E., Sharpe, Melissa J., Stalnaker, Thomas A., Wikenheiser, Andrew M., and Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

Subjects
DRUG-seeking behavior, COCAINE, SUBSTANCE-induced disorders, DECISION making, BEHAVIOR
Abstract

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by maladaptive behavior. The ability to properly adjust behavior according to changes in environmental contingencies necessitates the interlacing of existing memories with updated information. This can be achieved by assigning learning in different contexts to compartmentalized "states." Though not often framed this way, the maladaptive behavior observed in individuals with SUDs may result from a failure to properly encode states because of drug-induced neural alterations. Previous studies found that the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) is important for behavioral flexibility and state encoding, suggesting the DMS may be an important substrate for these effects. Here, we recorded DMS neural activity in cocaine-experienced male rats during a decision-making task where blocks of trials represented distinct states to probe whether the encoding of state and state-related information is affected by prior drug exposure. We found that DMS medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) encoded such information and that prior cocaine experience disrupted the evolution of representations both within trials and across recording sessions. Specifically, DMS MSNs and FSIs from cocaine-experienced rats demonstrated higher classification accuracy of trial-specific rules, defined by response direction and value, compared with those drawn from sucrose-experienced rats, and these overly strengthened trialtype representations were related to slower switching behavior and reaction times. These data show that prior cocaine experience paradoxically increases the encoding of state-specific information and rules in the DMS and suggest a model in which abnormally specific and persistent representation of rules throughout trials in DMS slows value-based decision-making in well trained subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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155. Targeted Stimulation of an Orbitofrontal Network Disrupts Decisions Based on Inferred, Not Experienced Outcomes.

Author

Fang Wang, Howard, James D., Voss, Joel L., Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, and Kahnt, Thorsten

Subjects
TRANSCRANIAL magnetic stimulation
Abstract

When direct experience is unavailable, animals and humans can imagine or infer the future to guide decisions. Behavior based on direct experience versus inference may recruit partially distinct brain circuits. In rodents, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) contains neural signatures of inferred outcomes, and OFC is necessary for behavior that requires inference but not for responding driven by direct experience. In humans, OFC activity is also correlated with inferred outcomes, but it is unclear whether OFC activity is required for inference-based behavior. To test this, we used noninvasive network-based continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) in human subjects (male and female) to target lateral OFC networks in the context of a sensory preconditioning task that was designed to isolate inference-based behavior from responding that can be based on direct experience alone. We show that, relative to sham, cTBS targeting this network impairs reward-related behavior in conditions in which outcome expectations have to be mentally inferred. In contrast, OFC-targeted stimulation does not impair behavior that can be based on previously experienced stimulus-outcome associations. These findings suggest that activity in the targeted OFC network supports decision-making when outcomes have to be mentally simulated, providing converging cross-species evidence for a critical role of OFC in model-based but not model-free control of behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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157. Manipulating the revision of reward value during the intertrial interval increases sign tracking and dopamine release

Author

Lee, Brian, primary, Gentry, Ronny N., additional, Bissonette, Gregory B., additional, Herman, Rae J., additional, Mallon, John J., additional, Bryden, Daniel W., additional, Calu, Donna J., additional, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, additional, Coutureau, Etienne, additional, Marchand, Alain R., additional, Khamassi, Mehdi, additional, and Roesch, Matthew R., additional

Published
2018
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173. Lateral Hypothalamic GABAergic Neurons Encode Reward Predictions that Are Relayed to the Ventral Tegmental Area to Regulate Learning

Author

Sharpe, Melissa J., primary, Marchant, Nathan J., additional, Whitaker, Leslie R., additional, Richie, Christopher T., additional, Zhang, Yajun J., additional, Campbell, Erin J., additional, Koivula, Pyry P., additional, Necarsulmer, Julie C., additional, Mejias-Aponte, Carlos, additional, Morales, Marisela, additional, Pickel, James, additional, Smith, Jeffrey C., additional, Niv, Yael, additional, Shaham, Yavin, additional, Harvey, Brandon K., additional, and Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, additional

Published
2017
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192. Brief, But Not Prolonged, Pauses in the Firing of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Are Sufficient to Produce a Conditioned Inhibitor.

Author

Chun Yun Chang, Gardner, Matthew P. H., Conroy, Jessica C., Whitaker, Leslie R., and Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

Subjects
BRAIN imaging, DOPAMINE, NEURONS, MESENCEPHALON, COGNITIVE ability
Abstract

Prediction errors are critical for associative learning. In the brain, these errors are thought to be signaled, in part, by midbrain dopamine neurons. However, although there is substantial direct evidence that brief increases in the firing of these neurons can mimic positive prediction errors, there is less evidence that brief pauses mimic negative errors. Whereas pauses in the firing of midbrain dopamine neurons can substitute for missing negative prediction errors to drive extinction, it has been suggested that this effect might be attributable to changes in salience rather than the operation of this signal as a negative prediction error. Here we address this concern by showing that the same pattern of inhibition will create a cue able to meet the classic definition of a conditioned inhibitor by showing suppression of responding in a summation test and slower learning in a retardation test. Importantly, these classic criteria were designed to rule out explanations founded on attention or salience; thus the results cannot be explained in this manner. We also show that this pattern of behavior is not produced by a single, prolonged, ramped period of inhibition, suggesting that it is precisely timed, sudden change and not duration that conveys the teaching signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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194. Effect of the Novel Positive Allosteric Modulator of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 AZD8529 on Incubation of Methamphetamine Craving After Prolonged Voluntary Abstinence in a Rat Model

Author

Caprioli, Daniele, primary, Venniro, Marco, additional, Zeric, Tamara, additional, Li, Xuan, additional, Adhikary, Sweta, additional, Madangopal, Rajtarun, additional, Marchant, Nathan J., additional, Lucantonio, Federica, additional, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey, additional, Bossert, Jennifer M., additional, and Shaham, Yavin, additional

Published
2015
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199. Inactivation of the central but not the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala disrupts learning in response to over-expectation of reward

Author

Haney, Richard Z, Calu, Donna J., Takahashi, Yuji K., Hughes, Brian W., and Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

Subjects
Male, Learning Disabilities, Teaching, Association Learning, Glutamic Acid, Neuropsychological Tests, Amygdala, Synaptic Transmission, Article, Rats, Cognition, Mental Processes, Receptors, Glutamate, Reward, Quinoxalines, Neural Pathways, Limbic System, Animals, Learning, Attention, Rats, Long-Evans, Cues, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

The amygdala is critical for associating predictive cues with primary rewarding and aversive outcomes. This is particularly evident in tasks in which information about expected outcomes is required for normal responding. Here we used a pavlovian overexpectation task to test whether outcome signaling by amygdala might also be necessary for changing those representations in the face of unexpected outcomes. Rats were trained to associate several different cues with a food reward. After learning, two of the cues were presented together, in compound, followed by the same reward. Before each compound training session, rats received infusions of 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide or saline into either the basolateral (ABL) or central nucleus (CeN) of amygdala. We found that infusions into CeN abolished the normal decline in responding to the compounded cue in a later probe test, whereas infusions into ABL had no effect. These results are inconsistent with the proposal that signaling of information about expected outcomes by ABL contributes to learning, at least in this setting, and instead implicate the CeN in this process, perhaps attributable to the hypothesized involvement of this area in attention and variations in stimulus processing.

Published
2010

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