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151. The first catalog of active galactic nuclei detected by the Fermi large area telescope

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Antolini, E., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogart, J. R., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe., Celotti, A., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chen, A. W., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cotter, G., Cutini, S., D'Elia, V., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., De Rosa, A., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Escande, L., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grandi, P., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Iafrate, G., Itoh, R., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lavalley, C., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Garde, M. Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Malaguti, G., Massaro, E., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, Sinéad, Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piranomonte, S., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. -L, Stawarz, L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Ubertini, P., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, Tomi, Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Antolini, E., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogart, J. R., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe., Celotti, A., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chen, A. W., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cotter, G., Cutini, S., D'Elia, V., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., De Rosa, A., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Escande, L., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grandi, P., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Iafrate, G., Itoh, R., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lavalley, C., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Garde, M. Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Malaguti, G., Massaro, E., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, Sinéad, Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piranomonte, S., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. -L, Stawarz, L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Ubertini, P., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, Tomi, and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We present the first catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT), corresponding to 11 months of data collected in scientific operation mode. The First LAT AGN Catalog (1LAC) includes 671 gamma-ray sources located at high Galactic latitudes (|b| > 10 degrees) that are detected with a test statistic greater than 25 and associated statistically with AGNs. Some LAT sources are associated with multiple AGNs, and consequently, the catalog includes 709 AGNs, comprising 300 BL Lacertae objects, 296 flat-spectrum radio quasars, 41 AGNs of other types, and 72 AGNs of unknown type. We also classify the blazars based on their spectral energy distributions as archival radio, optical, and X-ray data permit. In addition to the formal 1LAC sample, we provide AGN associations for 51 low-latitude LAT sources and AGN "affiliations" (unquantified counterpart candidates) for 104 high-latitude LAT sources without AGN associations. The overlap of the 1LAC with existing gamma-ray AGN catalogs (LBAS, EGRET, AGILE, Swift, INTEGRAL, TeVCat) is briefly discussed. Various properties-such as gamma-ray fluxes and photon power-law spectral indices, redshifts, gamma-ray luminosities, variability, and archival radio luminosities-and their correlations are presented and discussed for the different blazar classes. We compare the 1LAC results with predictions regarding the gamma-ray AGN populations, and we comment on the power of the sample to address the question of the blazar sequence., QC 20110118
Published: 2010
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152. Fermi large area telescope observations of PSR J1836+5925

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Belfiore, A., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gwon, C., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, Miranda, Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Kanai, Y., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ransom, S. M., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wolff, M. T., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, Tomi, Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Belfiore, A., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Gwon, C., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, Miranda, Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Kanai, Y., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ransom, S. M., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wolff, M. T., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, Tomi, and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The discovery of the gamma-ray pulsar PSR J1836+5925, powering the formerly unidentified EGRET source 3EG J1835+5918, was one of the early accomplishments of the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Sitting 25 degrees off the Galactic plane, PSR J1836+5925 is a 173 ms pulsar with a characteristic age of 1.8 million years, a spindown luminosity of 1.1 x 10(34) erg s(-1), and a large off-peak (OP) emission component, making it quite unusual among the known gamma-ray pulsar population. We present an analysis of one year of LAT data, including an updated timing solution, detailed spectral results, and a long-term light curve showing no indication of variability. No evidence for a surrounding pulsar wind nebula is seen and the spectral characteristics of the OP emission indicate it is likely magnetospheric. Analysis of recent XMM-Newton observations of the X-ray counterpart yields a detailed characterization of its spectrum, which, like Geminga, is consistent with that of a neutron star showing evidence for both magnetospheric and thermal emission., QC 20110125
Published: 2010
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153. Detection of the Small Magellanic Cloud in gamma-rays with Fermi/LAT

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jean, P., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Garde, M. Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Martin, P., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Naumann-Godo, M., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Romani, R. W., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, Tomi, Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jean, P., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Garde, M. Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Martin, P., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Naumann-Godo, M., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Romani, R. W., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, Tomi, and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: Context. The flux of gamma rays with energies greater than 100 MeV is dominated by diffuse emission coming from cosmic-rays (CRs) illuminating the interstellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy through the processes of Bremsstrahlung, pion production and decay, and inverse-Compton scattering. The study of this diffuse emission provides insight into the origin and transport of cosmic rays. Aims. We searched for gamma-ray emission from the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) in order to derive constraints on the cosmic-ray population and transport in an external system with properties different from the Milky Way. Methods. We analysed the first 17 months of continuous all-sky observations by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) of the Fermi mission to determine the spatial distribution, flux and spectrum of the gamma-ray emission from the SMC. We also used past radio synchrotron observations of the SMC to study the population of CR electrons specifically. Results. We obtained the first detection of the SMC in high-energy gamma rays, with an integrated >100 MeV flux of (3.7 +/- 0.7) x 10(-8) ph cm(-2) s(-1), with additional systematic uncertainty of <= 16%. The emission is steady and from an extended source similar to 3 degrees in size. It is not clearly correlated with the distribution of massive stars or neutral gas, nor with known pulsars or supernova remnants, but a certain correlation with supergiant shells is observed. Conclusions. The observed flux implies an upper limit on the average CR nuclei density in the SMC of similar to 15% of the value measured locally in the Milky Way. The population of high-energy pulsars of the SMC may account for a substantial fraction of the gamma-ray flux, which would make the inferred CR nuclei density even lower. The average density of CR electrons derived from radio synchrotron observations is consistent with the same reduction factor but the uncertainties are large. From our current knowledge of the SMC, such a low CR density does not seem, QC 20110117
Published: 2010
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154. SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF BRIGHT FERMI-DETECTED BLAZARS IN THE GAMMA-RAY BAND

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, Jan, Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, Jan, Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The gamma-ray energy spectra of bright blazars of the LAT Bright AGN Sample LBAS) are investigated using Fermi-LAT data. Spectral properties hardness, curvature, and variability) established using a data set accumulated over 6 months of operation are presented and discussed for different blazar classes and subclasses: flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), low-synchrotron peaked BLLacs (LSP-BLLacs), intermediate-synchrotron peaked BLLacs (ISP-BLLacs), and high-synchrotron peaked BLLacs (HSP-BLLacs). The distribution of photon index G, obtained from a power-law fit above 100 MeV) is found to correlate strongly with blazar subclass. The change in spectral index from that averaged over the 6 months observing period is < 0.2-0.3 when the flux varies by about an order of magnitude, with a tendency toward harder spectra when the flux is brighter for FSRQs and LSP-BLLacs. A strong departure from a single power-law spectrum appears to be a common feature for FSRQs. This feature is also present for some high-luminosity LSP-BLLacs, and a small number of ISP-BLLacs. It is absent in all LBAS HSP-BLLacs. For 3C 454.3 and AO 0235+164, the two brightest FSRQ source and LSP-BLLac source, respectively, a broken power law (BPL) gives the most acceptable of power law, BPL, and curved forms. The consequences of these findings are discussed., authorCount :177
Published: 2010
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155. FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF THE VELA-X PULSAR WIND NEBULA

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Chekhtman, A., Chung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, Jan, de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Dormody, M., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Garde, Maja Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Chekhtman, A., Chung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, Jan, de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Dormody, M., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Garde, Maja Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report on gamma-ray observations in the off-pulse window of the Vela pulsar PSR B0833-45 using 11 months of survey data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). This pulsar is located in the 8 degrees diameter Vela supernova remnant, which contains several regions of non-thermal emission detected in the radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray bands. The gamma-ray emission detected by the LAT lies within one of these regions, the 2 degrees x 3 degrees area south of the pulsar known as Vela-X. The LAT flux is significantly spatially extended with a best-fit radius of 0.degrees 88 +/- 0.degrees 12 for an assumed radially symmetric uniform disk. The 200 MeV to 20 GeV LAT spectrum of this source is well described by a power law with a spectral index of 2.41 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.15 and integral flux above 100 MeV of (4.73 +/- 0.63 +/- 1.32) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1). The first errors represent the statistical error on the fit parameters, while the second ones are the systematic uncertainties. Detailed morphological and spectral analyses give strong constraints on the energetics and magnetic field of the pulsar wind nebula system and favor a scenario with two distinct electron populations., authorCount :176
Published: 2010
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156. OBSERVATION OF SUPERNOVA REMNANT IC 443 WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Cillis, A. N., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, Jan, Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M-H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S-H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F-W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Cillis, A. N., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, Jan, Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M-H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S-H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F-W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report observation of the supernova remnant (SNR) IC 443 (G189.1+3.0) with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the energy band between 200 MeV and 50 GeV. IC 443 is a shell-type SNR with mixed morphology located off the outer Galactic plane where high-energy emission has been detected in the X-ray, GeV and TeV gamma-ray bands. Past observations suggest IC 443 has been interacting with surrounding interstellar matter. Proximity between dense shocked molecular clouds and GeV-TeV gamma-ray emission regions detected by EGRET, MAGIC, and VERITAS suggests an interpretation that cosmic-ray (CR) particles are accelerated by the SNR. With the high gamma-ray statistics and broad energy coverage provided by the LAT, we accurately characterize the gamma-ray emission produced by the CRs accelerated at IC 443. The emission region is extended in the energy band with theta(68) = 0 degrees.27 +/- 0 degrees.01(stat) +/- 0 degrees.03(sys) for an assumed two-dimensional Gaussian profile and overlaps almost completely with the extended source region of VERITAS. Its centroid is displaced significantly from the known pulsar wind nebula (PWN) which suggests the PWN is not the major contributor in the present energy band. The observed spectrum changes its power-law slope continuously and continues smoothly to the MAGIC and VERITAS data points. The combined gamma-ray spectrum (200 MeV < E < 2 TeV) is reproduced well by decays of neutral pions produced by a broken power-law proton spectrum with a break around 70 GeV., authorCount :172
Published: 2010
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157. FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF THE VERY HARD GAMMA-RAY BLAZAR PG 1553+113

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, Jan, Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, Jan, Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report the observations of PG 1553+113 during the first similar to 200 days of Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope science operations, from 2008 August 4 to 2009 February 22 (MJD 54682.7-54884.2). This is the first detailed study of PG 1553+113 in the GeV gamma-ray regime and it allows us to fill a gap of three decades in energy in its spectral energy distribution (SED). We find PG 1553+113 to be a steady source with a hard spectrum that is best fit by a simple power law in the Fermi energy band. We combine the Fermi data with archival radio, optical, X-ray, and very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray data to model its broadband SED and find that a simple, one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model provides a reasonable fit. PG 1553+113 has the softest VHE spectrum of all sources detected in that regime and, out of those with significant detections across the Fermi energy bandpass so far, the hardest spectrum in that energy regime. Thus, it has the largest spectral break of any gamma-ray source studied to date, which could be due to the absorption of the intrinsic gamma-ray spectrum by the extragalactic background light (EBL). Assuming this to be the case, we selected a model with a low level of EBL and used it to absorb the power-law spectrum from PG 1553+113 measured with Fermi (200 MeV-157 GeV) to find the redshift, which gave the best fit to the measured VHE data (90 GeV-1.1 TeV) for this parameterization of the EBL. We show that this redshift can be considered an upper limit on the distance to PG 1553+113., authorCount :166
Published: 2010
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158. DETECTION OF GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM THE STARBURST GALAXIES M82 AND NGC 253 WITH THE LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON FERMI

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sellerholm, Alexander, Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto e Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sellerholm, Alexander, Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report the detection of high-energy gamma-ray emission from two starburst galaxies using data obtained with the Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Steady point-like emission above 200 MeV has been detected at significance levels of 6.8 sigma and 4.8 sigma, respectively, from sources positionally coincident with locations of the starburst galaxies M82 and NGC 253. The total fluxes of the sources are consistent with gamma-ray emission originating from the interaction of cosmic rays with local interstellar gas and radiation fields and constitute evidence for a link between massive star formation and gamma-ray emission in star-forming galaxies., authorCount :170
Published: 2010
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159. The Discovery of gamma-Ray Emission From The Blazar RGB J0710+591

Author: Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Bautista, M., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Böttcher, M., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lamerato, A., LeBohec, S., Maier, G., McArthur, S., McCann, A., McCutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Petry, D., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Roustazadeh, P., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk, G. Demet, Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wagner, R. G., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S., Wood, M., Zitzer, B., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Antolini, E., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Silva, E. do Couto e, Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H., Garde, M. Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ripken, J., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Bautista, M., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Böttcher, M., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lamerato, A., LeBohec, S., Maier, G., McArthur, S., McCann, A., McCutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Petry, D., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Roustazadeh, P., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk, G. Demet, Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wagner, R. G., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S., Wood, M., Zitzer, B., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Antolini, E., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Silva, E. do Couto e, Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H., Garde, M. Llena, Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ripken, J., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. -W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The high-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object RGB J0710+591 was observed in the very high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) wave band by the VERITAS array of atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The observations, taken between 2008 December and 2009 March and totaling 22.1 hr, yield the discovery of VHE gamma rays from the source. RGB J0710+591 is detected at a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations (5.5{\sigma}) above the background, corresponding to an integral flux of (3.9 +/- 0.8) x 10-12 cm-2 s-1 (3% of the Crab Nebula's flux) above 300 GeV. The observed spectrum can be fit by a power law from 0.31 to 4.6 TeV with a photon spectral index of 2.69 +/- 0.26stat +/- 0.20sys. These data are complemented by contemporaneous multiwavelength data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope, the Swift X-ray Telescope, the Swift Ultra-Violet and Optical Telescope, and the Michigan-Dartmouth-MIT observatory. Modeling the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) with an equilibrium synchrotron self-Compton model yields a good statistical fit to the data. The addition of an external-Compton component to the model does not improve the fit nor brings the system closer to equipartition. The combined Fermi and VERITAS data constrain the properties of the high-energy emission component of the source over 4 orders of magnitude and give measurements of the rising and falling sections of the SED.
Published: 2010
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160. 15 GHz Monitoring of Gamma-ray Blazars with the OVRO 40 Meter Telescope in Support of Fermi

Author: Comastri, Andrea, Cappi, Massimo, Angelini, L., Richards, J. L., Max-Moerbeck, W., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Readhead, A. C. S., Stevenson, M. A., Healey, S. E., Romani, R. W., Shaw, M. S., Fuhrmann, L., Angelakis, E., Zensus, J. A., Grainge, K., Taylor, G. B., Scargle, J. D., Comastri, Andrea, Cappi, Massimo, Angelini, L., Richards, J. L., Max-Moerbeck, W., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Readhead, A. C. S., Stevenson, M. A., Healey, S. E., Romani, R. W., Shaw, M. S., Fuhrmann, L., Angelakis, E., Zensus, J. A., Grainge, K., Taylor, G. B., and Scargle, J. D.
Abstract: Since mid-2007, we have been monitoring similar to 1200 sources at 15 GHz with the 40 M Telescope at the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. Our sample, mostly blazars, is monitored at least twice per week, yielding densely-sampled light curves. A large fraction of the sources in our sample exhibit significant variation in 15 GHz flux density, enabling variability studies and cross-correlations with other bands. Additionally, many have been detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. We compare our data with gamma-ray data from Fermi and find a statistically significant flux density correlation after accounting for red shift and selection biases using a new Monte Carlo method. The OVRO program is a part of the F-GAMMA project, which also obtains monthly 2.6 - 270 GHz radio spectra for a smaller, overlapping blazar sample.
Published: 2010

161. FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF GRB 090902B : A DISTINCT SPECTRAL COMPONENT IN THE PROMPT AND DELAYED EMISSION

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burgess, J. M., Burrows, D. N., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., d'Elia, V., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dingus, B. L., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Fishman, G., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Goldstein, A., Granot, J., Greiner, J., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Kippen, R. M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Komin, N., Kouveliotou, C., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McBreen, S., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, Sinéad, Meegan, C., Meszaros, P., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paciesas, W. S., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Raino, S., Rando, R., Rau, A., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roming, P. W. A., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Stecker, F. W., Stratta, G., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Swenson, C. A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Uehara, T., Usher, T. L., van der Horst, A. J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, Tomi, Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burgess, J. M., Burrows, D. N., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., d'Elia, V., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dingus, B. L., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Fishman, G., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Goldstein, A., Granot, J., Greiner, J., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Kippen, R. M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Komin, N., Kouveliotou, C., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McBreen, S., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, Sinéad, Meegan, C., Meszaros, P., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paciesas, W. S., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Raino, S., Rando, R., Rau, A., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roming, P. W. A., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Stecker, F. W., Stratta, G., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Swenson, C. A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Uehara, T., Usher, T. L., van der Horst, A. J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, Tomi, and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report on the observation of the bright, long gamma-ray burst (GRB), GRB 090902B, by the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and Large Area Telescope (LAT) instruments on-board the Fermi observatory. This was one of the brightest GRBs to have been observed by the LAT, which detected several hundred photons during the prompt phase. With a redshift of z = 1.822, this burst is among the most luminous detected by Fermi. Time-resolved spectral analysis reveals a significant power-law component in the LAT data that is distinct from the usual Band model emission that is seen in the sub-MeV energy range. This power-law component appears to extrapolate from the GeV range to the lowest energies and is more intense than the Band component, both below similar to 50 keV and above 100 MeV. The Band component undergoes substantial spectral evolution over the entire course of the burst, while the photon index of the power-law component remains constant for most of the prompt phase, then hardens significantly toward the end. After the prompt phase, power-law emission persists in the LAT data as late as 1 ks post-trigger, with its flux declining as t(-1.5). The LAT detected a photon with the highest energy so far measured from a GRB, 33.4(-3.5)(+ 2.7) GeV. This event arrived 82 s after the GBM trigger and similar to 50 s after the prompt phase emission had ended in the GBM band. We discuss the implications of these results for models of GRB emission and for constraints on models of the extragalactic background light., QC 20120221
Published: 2009
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162. Simultaneous observations of pks 2155-304 with hess, fermi, rxte, and atom : Spectral energy distributions and variability in a low state

Author: Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A. G., Anton, G., Barres De Almeida, U., Bazer-Bachi, A. R., Becherini, Y., Behera, B., Bernloehr, K., Boisson, C., Bochow, A., Borrel, V., Brion, E., Brucker, J., Brun, P., Buehler, R., Bulik, T., Buesching, I., Boutelier, T., Chadwick, P. M., Charbonnier, A., Chaves, R. C. G., Cheesebrough, A., Chounet, L. -M, Clapson, A. C., Coignet, G., Dalton, M., Daniel, M. K., Davids, I. D., Degrange, B., Deil, C., Dickinson, H. J., Djannati-Ata, A., Domainko, W., O'C. Drury, L., Dubois, F., Dubus, G., Dyks, J., Dyrda, M., Egberts, K., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Espigat, P., Farnier, C., Feinstein, F., Fiasson, A., Foerster, A., Fontaine, G., Fuessling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Gerard, L., Giebels, B., Glicenstein, J. F., Glueck, B., Goret, P., Goehring, D., Hauser, D., Hauser, M., Heinz, S., Heinzelmann, G., Henri, G., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hoffmann, A., Hofmann, W., Holleran, M., Hoppe, S., Horns, D., Jacholkowska, A., De Jager, O. C., Jahn, C., Jung, I., KatarzyÅski, K., Katz, U., Kaufmann, S., Kendziorra, E., Kerschhaggl, M., Khangulyan, D., KhÃ©lifi, B., Keogh, D., Kluzniak, W., Komin, N., Kosack, K., Lamanna, G., Lenain, J. -P, Lohse, T., Marandon, V., Martin, J. M., Martineau-Huynh, O., Marcowith, A., Maurin, D., McComb, T. J. L., Medina, M. C., Moderski, R., Moulin, E., Naumann-Godo, M., De Naurois, M., Nedbal, D., Nekrassov, D., Niemiec, J., Nolan, S. J., Ohm, S., Olive, J. -F, De Wilhelmi, E., Orford, K. J., Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Arribas, M. P., Pedaletti, G., Pelletier, G., Petrucci, P. -O, Pita, S., Paehlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raubenheimer, B. C., Raue, M., Rayner, S. M., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Ripken, J., Rob, L., Rosier-Lees, S., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Ruppel, J., Sahakian, V., Santangelo, A., Schlickeiser, R., Schock, F. M., SchrÃ¶der, R., Schwanke, U., Schwarzburg, S., Schwemmer, S., Shalchi, A., Sikora, M., Skilton, J. L., Sol, H., Spangler, D., Stawarz, Å., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Superina, G., Szostek, A., Tam, P. H., Tavernet, J. -P, Terrier, R., Tibolla, O., Van Eldik, C., Vasileiadis, G., Venter, C., Venter, L., Vialle, J. P., Vincent, P., Vivier, M., Vaelk, H. J., Volpe, F., Wagner, S. J., Ward, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, Milan, Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chen, A. W., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Conrad, Jan, Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., De Angelis, A., De Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Do Couto E Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Fleury, P., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., JÃ³hannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., KnÃ¶dlseder, J., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., RainÃ², S., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M., Smith, D. A., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. -L, Strickman, M. S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, Tomi, Ziegler, M., Aharonian, F., Akhperjanian, A. G., Anton, G., Barres De Almeida, U., Bazer-Bachi, A. R., Becherini, Y., Behera, B., Bernloehr, K., Boisson, C., Bochow, A., Borrel, V., Brion, E., Brucker, J., Brun, P., Buehler, R., Bulik, T., Buesching, I., Boutelier, T., Chadwick, P. M., Charbonnier, A., Chaves, R. C. G., Cheesebrough, A., Chounet, L. -M, Clapson, A. C., Coignet, G., Dalton, M., Daniel, M. K., Davids, I. D., Degrange, B., Deil, C., Dickinson, H. J., Djannati-Ata, A., Domainko, W., O'C. Drury, L., Dubois, F., Dubus, G., Dyks, J., Dyrda, M., Egberts, K., Emmanoulopoulos, D., Espigat, P., Farnier, C., Feinstein, F., Fiasson, A., Foerster, A., Fontaine, G., Fuessling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Gerard, L., Giebels, B., Glicenstein, J. F., Glueck, B., Goret, P., Goehring, D., Hauser, D., Hauser, M., Heinz, S., Heinzelmann, G., Henri, G., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hoffmann, A., Hofmann, W., Holleran, M., Hoppe, S., Horns, D., Jacholkowska, A., De Jager, O. C., Jahn, C., Jung, I., KatarzyÅski, K., Katz, U., Kaufmann, S., Kendziorra, E., Kerschhaggl, M., Khangulyan, D., KhÃ©lifi, B., Keogh, D., Kluzniak, W., Komin, N., Kosack, K., Lamanna, G., Lenain, J. -P, Lohse, T., Marandon, V., Martin, J. M., Martineau-Huynh, O., Marcowith, A., Maurin, D., McComb, T. J. L., Medina, M. C., Moderski, R., Moulin, E., Naumann-Godo, M., De Naurois, M., Nedbal, D., Nekrassov, D., Niemiec, J., Nolan, S. J., Ohm, S., Olive, J. -F, De Wilhelmi, E., Orford, K. J., Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Arribas, M. P., Pedaletti, G., Pelletier, G., Petrucci, P. -O, Pita, S., Paehlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raubenheimer, B. C., Raue, M., Rayner, S. M., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Ripken, J., Rob, L., Rosier-Lees, S., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Ruppel, J., Sahakian, V., Santangelo, A., Schlickeiser, R., Schock, F. M., SchrÃ¶der, R., Schwanke, U., Schwarzburg, S., Schwemmer, S., Shalchi, A., Sikora, M., Skilton, J. L., Sol, H., Spangler, D., Stawarz, Å., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Superina, G., Szostek, A., Tam, P. H., Tavernet, J. -P, Terrier, R., Tibolla, O., Van Eldik, C., Vasileiadis, G., Venter, C., Venter, L., Vialle, J. P., Vincent, P., Vivier, M., Vaelk, H. J., Volpe, F., Wagner, S. J., Ward, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, Magnus, Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, Milan, Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chen, A. W., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Conrad, Jan, Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., De Angelis, A., De Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Do Couto E Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Fleury, P., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., JÃ³hannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., KnÃ¶dlseder, J., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. -H, Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., RainÃ², S., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M., Smith, D. A., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. -L, Strickman, M. S., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, Tomi, and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report on the first simultaneous observations that cover the optical, X-ray, and high-energy gamma-ray bands of the BL Lac object PKS 2155-304. The gamma-ray bands were observed for 11 days, between 2008 August 25 and 2008 September 6 (MJD 54704-54715), jointly with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope and the HESS atmospheric Cherenkov array, providing the first simultaneous MeV-TeV spectral energy distribution (SED) with the new generation of gamma-ray telescopes. The ATOM telescope and the RXTE and Swift observatories provided optical and X-ray coverage of the low-energy component over the same time period. The object was close to the lowest archival X-ray and very high energy (VHE; > 100 GeV) state, whereas the optical flux was much higher. The light curves show relatively little (similar to 30%) variability overall when compared to past flaring episodes, but we find a clear optical/VHE correlation and evidence for a correlation of the X-rays with the high-energy spectral index. Contrary to previous observations in the flaring state, we do not find any correlation between the X-ray and VHE components. Although synchrotron self-Compton models are often invoked to explain the SEDs of BL Lac objects, the most common versions of these models are at odds with the correlated variability we find in the various bands for PKS 2155-304., QC 20120229
Published: 2009
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163. Fermi/lat observations of LS 5039

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbel, S., Corbet, R., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto E Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dubus, G., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, Tomi, Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, Oe, Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbel, S., Corbet, R., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto E Silva, E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dubus, G., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. -H, Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hill, A. B., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knoedlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, Felix, Sadrozinski, H. F. -W, Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, Tomi, and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The first results from observations of the high-mass X-ray binary LS 5039 using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope data between 2008 August and 2009 June are presented. Our results indicate variability that is consistent with the binary period, with the emission being modulated with a period of 3.903 +/- 0.005 days; the first detection of this modulation at GeV energies. The light curve is characterized by a broad peak around superior conjunction in agreement with inverse Compton scattering models. The spectrum is represented by a power law with an exponential cutoff, yielding an overall flux ( 100 MeV-300 GeV) of 4.9 +/- 0.5(stat) +/- 1.8(syst) x 10(-7) photon cm(-2) s(-1), with a cutoff at 2.1 +/- 0.3(stat) +/- 1.1(syst) GeV and photon index G = 1.9 +/- 0.1(stat) +/- 0.3(syst). The spectrum is observed to vary with orbital phase, specifically between inferior and superior conjunction. We suggest that the presence of a cutoff in the spectrum may be indicative of magnetospheric emission similar to the emission seen in many pulsars by Fermi., QC 20110330
Published: 2009
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164. Fermi Observations of High-energy Gamma-ray Emission from GRB 080825C

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Chaplin, V., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. do Couto e., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Gibby, L., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Goldstein, A., Granot, J., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M.-H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Komin, N., Kouveliotou, C., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McBreen, S., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meegan, C., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paciesas, W. S., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F.-W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., van der Horst, A. J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Chaplin, V., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. do Couto e., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Gibby, L., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Goldstein, A., Granot, J., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M.-H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Komin, N., Kouveliotou, C., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McBreen, S., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meegan, C., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paciesas, W. S., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F.-W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., van der Horst, A. J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has opened a new high-energy window in the study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here we present a thorough analysis of GRB 080825C, which triggered the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM), and was the first firm detection of a GRB by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). We discuss the LAT event selections, background estimation, significance calculations, and localization for Fermi GRBs in general and GRB 080825C in particular. We show the results of temporal and time-resolved spectral analysis of the GBM and LAT data. We also present some theoretical interpretation of GRB 080825C observations as well as some common features observed in other LAT GRBs.
Published: 2009
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165. Prospects for GRB Science with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: Band, D. L., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bogaert, G., Bonnell, J., Chiang, J., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Connaughton, V., Cutini, S., de Palma, F., Dingus, B. L., do Couto e Silva, E., Fishman, G., Galli, A., Gehrels, N., Giglietto, N., Granot, J., Guiriec, S., Hughes, R. E., Kamae, T., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Longo, F., Lubrano, P., Kippen, R. M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Moretti, E., Nakamori, T., Norris, J. P., Ohno, M., Olivo, M., Omodei, N., Pelassa, V., Piron, F., Preece, R., Razzano, M., Russell, J. J., Ryde, F., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Shimokawabe, T., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Winer, B. L., Yamazaki, R., Band, D. L., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bogaert, G., Bonnell, J., Chiang, J., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Connaughton, V., Cutini, S., de Palma, F., Dingus, B. L., do Couto e Silva, E., Fishman, G., Galli, A., Gehrels, N., Giglietto, N., Granot, J., Guiriec, S., Hughes, R. E., Kamae, T., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Longo, F., Lubrano, P., Kippen, R. M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Moretti, E., Nakamori, T., Norris, J. P., Ohno, M., Olivo, M., Omodei, N., Pelassa, V., Piron, F., Preece, R., Razzano, M., Russell, J. J., Ryde, F., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Shimokawabe, T., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Winer, B. L., and Yamazaki, R.
Abstract: The Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument on the Fermi mission will reveal the rich spectral and temporal gamma-ray burst (GRB) phenomena in the >100 MeV band. The synergy with Fermi's Gamma-ray Burst Monitor detectors will link these observations to those in the well explored 10-1000 keV range; the addition of the >100 MeV band observations will resolve theoretical uncertainties about burst emission in both the prompt and afterglow phases. Trigger algorithms will be applied to the LAT data both onboard the spacecraft and on the ground. The sensitivity of these triggers will differ because of the available computing resources onboard and on the ground. Here we present the LAT's burst detection methodologies and the instrument's GRB capabilities.
Published: 2009
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166. A population of gamma-ray millisecond pulsars seen with the Fermi Large Area Telescope.

Author: Abdo, A A, Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Atwood, W B, Axelsson, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Baring, M G, Bastieri, D, Baughman, B M, Bechtol, K, Bellazzini, R, Berenji, B, Bignami, G F, Blandford, R D, Bloom, E D, Bonamente, E, Borgland, A W, Bregeon, J, Brez, A, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, Burnett, T H, Caliandro, G A, Cameron, R A, Camilo, F, Caraveo, P A, Carlson, P, Casandjian, J M, Cecchi, C, Celik, O, Charles, E, Chekhtman, A, Cheung, C C, Chiang, J, Ciprini, S, Claus, R, Cognard, I, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Cominsky, L R, Conrad, J, Corbet, R, Cutini, S, Dermer, C D, Desvignes, G, de Angelis, A, de Luca, A, de Palma, F, Digel, S W, Dormody, M, do Couto e Silva, E, Drell, P S, Dubois, R, Dumora, D, Edmonds, Y, Farnier, C, Favuzzi, C, Fegan, S J, Focke, W B, Frailis, M, Freire, P C C, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Gehrels, N, Germani, S, Giebels, B, Giglietto, N, Giordano, F, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, G, Grenier, I A, Grondin, M H, Grove, J E, Guillemot, L, Guiriec, S, Hanabata, Y, Harding, A K, Hayashida, M, Hays, E, Hobbs, G, Hughes, R E, Jóhannesson, G, Johnson, A S, Johnson, R P, Johnson, T J, Johnson, W N, Johnston, S, Kamae, T, Katagiri, H, Kataoka, J, Kawai, N, Kerr, M, Knödlseder, J, Kocian, M L, Kramer, M, Kuss, M, Lande, J, Latronico, L, Lemoine-Goumard, M, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lott, B, Lovellette, M N, Lubrano, P, Madejski, G M, Makeev, A, Manchester, R N, Marelli, M, Mazziotta, M N, McConville, W, McEnery, J E, McLaughlin, M A, Meurer, C, Michelson, P F, Mitthumsiri, W, Mizuno, T, Moiseev, A A, Monte, C, Monzani, M E, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, I V, Murgia, S, Nolan, P L, Norris, J P, Nuss, E, Ohsugi, T, Omodei, N, Orlando, E, Ormes, J F, Paneque, D, Panetta, J H, Parent, D, Pelassa, V, Pepe, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Piron, F, Porter, T A, Rainò, S, Rando, R, Ransom, S M, Ray, P S, Razzano, M, Rea, N, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Reposeur, T, Ritz, S, Rochester, L S, Rodriguez, A Y, Romani, R W, Roth, M, Ryde, F, Sadrozinski, H F W, Sanchez, D, Sander, A, Saz Parkinson, P M, Scargle, J D, Schalk, T L, Sgrò, C, Siskind, E J, Smith, D A, Smith, P D, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Stappers, B W, Starck, J L, Striani, E, Strickman, M S, Suson, D J, Tajima, H, Takahashi, H, Tanaka, T, Thayer, J B, Thayer, J G, Theureau, G, Thompson, D J, Thorsett, S E, Tibaldo, L, Torres, D F, Tosti, G, Tramacere, A, Uchiyama, Y, Usher, T L, Van Etten, A, Vasileiou, V, Venter, C, Vilchez, N, Vitale, V, Waite, A P, Wallace, E, Wang, P, Watters, K, Webb, N, Weltevrede, P, Winer, B L, Wood, K S, Ylinen, T, Ziegler, M, Abdo, A A, Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Atwood, W B, Axelsson, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Baring, M G, Bastieri, D, Baughman, B M, Bechtol, K, Bellazzini, R, Berenji, B, Bignami, G F, Blandford, R D, Bloom, E D, Bonamente, E, Borgland, A W, Bregeon, J, Brez, A, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, Burnett, T H, Caliandro, G A, Cameron, R A, Camilo, F, Caraveo, P A, Carlson, P, Casandjian, J M, Cecchi, C, Celik, O, Charles, E, Chekhtman, A, Cheung, C C, Chiang, J, Ciprini, S, Claus, R, Cognard, I, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Cominsky, L R, Conrad, J, Corbet, R, Cutini, S, Dermer, C D, Desvignes, G, de Angelis, A, de Luca, A, de Palma, F, Digel, S W, Dormody, M, do Couto e Silva, E, Drell, P S, Dubois, R, Dumora, D, Edmonds, Y, Farnier, C, Favuzzi, C, Fegan, S J, Focke, W B, Frailis, M, Freire, P C C, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Gehrels, N, Germani, S, Giebels, B, Giglietto, N, Giordano, F, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, G, Grenier, I A, Grondin, M H, Grove, J E, Guillemot, L, Guiriec, S, Hanabata, Y, Harding, A K, Hayashida, M, Hays, E, Hobbs, G, Hughes, R E, Jóhannesson, G, Johnson, A S, Johnson, R P, Johnson, T J, Johnson, W N, Johnston, S, Kamae, T, Katagiri, H, Kataoka, J, Kawai, N, Kerr, M, Knödlseder, J, Kocian, M L, Kramer, M, Kuss, M, Lande, J, Latronico, L, Lemoine-Goumard, M, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lott, B, Lovellette, M N, Lubrano, P, Madejski, G M, Makeev, A, Manchester, R N, Marelli, M, Mazziotta, M N, McConville, W, McEnery, J E, McLaughlin, M A, Meurer, C, Michelson, P F, Mitthumsiri, W, Mizuno, T, Moiseev, A A, Monte, C, Monzani, M E, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, I V, Murgia, S, Nolan, P L, Norris, J P, Nuss, E, Ohsugi, T, Omodei, N, Orlando, E, Ormes, J F, Paneque, D, Panetta, J H, Parent, D, Pelassa, V, Pepe, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Piron, F, Porter, T A, Rainò, S, Rando, R, Ransom, S M, Ray, P S, Razzano, M, Rea, N, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Reposeur, T, Ritz, S, Rochester, L S, Rodriguez, A Y, Romani, R W, Roth, M, Ryde, F, Sadrozinski, H F W, Sanchez, D, Sander, A, Saz Parkinson, P M, Scargle, J D, Schalk, T L, Sgrò, C, Siskind, E J, Smith, D A, Smith, P D, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Stappers, B W, Starck, J L, Striani, E, Strickman, M S, Suson, D J, Tajima, H, Takahashi, H, Tanaka, T, Thayer, J B, Thayer, J G, Theureau, G, Thompson, D J, Thorsett, S E, Tibaldo, L, Torres, D F, Tosti, G, Tramacere, A, Uchiyama, Y, Usher, T L, Van Etten, A, Vasileiou, V, Venter, C, Vilchez, N, Vitale, V, Waite, A P, Wallace, E, Wang, P, Watters, K, Webb, N, Weltevrede, P, Winer, B L, Wood, K S, Ylinen, T, and Ziegler, M
Abstract: Pulsars are born with subsecond spin periods and slow by electromagnetic braking for several tens of millions of years, when detectable radiation ceases. A second life can occur for neutron stars in binary systems. They can acquire mass and angular momentum from their companions, to be spun up to millisecond periods and begin radiating again. We searched Fermi Large Area Telescope data for pulsations from all known millisecond pulsars (MSPs) outside of globular clusters, using rotation parameters from radio telescopes. Strong gamma-ray pulsations were detected for eight MSPs. The gamma-ray pulse profiles and spectral properties resemble those of young gamma-ray pulsars. The basic emission mechanism seems to be the same for MSPs and young pulsars, with the emission originating in regions far from the neutron star surface.
Published: 2009
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167. Detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars through blind frequency searches using the Fermi LAT.

Author: Abdo, A A, Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Anderson, B, Atwood, W B, Axelsson, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Baring, M G, Bastieri, D, Baughman, B M, Bechtol, K, Bellazzini, R, Berenji, B, Bignami, G F, Blandford, R D, Bloom, E D, Bonamente, E, Borgland, A W, Bregeon, J, Brez, A, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, Burnett, T H, Caliandro, G A, Cameron, R A, Caraveo, P A, Casandjian, J M, Cecchi, C, Celik, O, Chekhtman, A, Cheung, C C, Chiang, J, Ciprini, S, Claus, R, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Conrad, J, Cutini, S, Dermer, C D, de Angelis, A, de Luca, A, de Palma, F, Digel, S W, Dormody, M, do Couto e Silva, E, Drell, P S, Dubois, R, Dumora, D, Farnier, C, Favuzzi, C, Fegan, S J, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Gehrels, N, Germani, S, Giebels, B, Giglietto, N, Giommi, P, Giordano, F, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, G, Grenier, I A, Grondin, M-H, Grove, J E, Guillemot, L, Guiriec, S, Gwon, C, Hanabata, Y, Harding, A K, Hayashida, M, Hays, E, Hughes, R E, Jóhannesson, G, Johnson, R P, Johnson, T J, Johnson, W N, Kamae, T, Katagiri, H, Kataoka, J, Kawai, N, Kerr, M, Knödlseder, J, Kocian, M L, Kuss, M, Lande, J, Latronico, L, Lemoine-Goumard, M, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lott, B, Lovellette, M N, Lubrano, P, Madejski, G M, Makeev, A, Marelli, M, Mazziotta, M N, McConville, W, McEnery, J E, Meurer, C, Michelson, P F, Mitthumsiri, W, Mizuno, T, Monte, C, Monzani, M E, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, I V, Murgia, S, Nolan, P L, Norris, J P, Nuss, E, Ohsugi, T, Omodei, N, Orlando, E, Ormes, J F, Paneque, D, Parent, D, Pelassa, V, Pepe, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Pierbattista, M, Piron, F, Porter, T A, Primack, J R, Rainò, S, Rando, R, Ray, P S, Razzano, M, Rea, N, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Reposeur, T, Ritz, S, Rochester, L S, Rodriguez, A Y, Romani, R W, Ryde, F, Sadrozinski, H F-W, Sanchez, D, Sander, A, Saz Parkinson, P M, Scargle, J D, Sgrò, C, Siskind, E J, Smith, D A, Smith, P D, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Starck, J-L, Strickman, M S, Suson, D J, Tajima, H, Takahashi, H, Takahashi, T, Tanaka, T, Thayer, J G, Thompson, D J, Tibaldo, L, Tibolla, O, Torres, D F, Tosti, G, Tramacere, A, Uchiyama, Y, Usher, T L, Van Etten, A, Vasileiou, V, Vilchez, N, Vitale, V, Waite, A P, Wang, P, Watters, K, Winer, B L, Wolff, M T, Wood, K S, Ylinen, T, Ziegler, M, Abdo, A A, Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Anderson, B, Atwood, W B, Axelsson, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Baring, M G, Bastieri, D, Baughman, B M, Bechtol, K, Bellazzini, R, Berenji, B, Bignami, G F, Blandford, R D, Bloom, E D, Bonamente, E, Borgland, A W, Bregeon, J, Brez, A, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, Burnett, T H, Caliandro, G A, Cameron, R A, Caraveo, P A, Casandjian, J M, Cecchi, C, Celik, O, Chekhtman, A, Cheung, C C, Chiang, J, Ciprini, S, Claus, R, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Conrad, J, Cutini, S, Dermer, C D, de Angelis, A, de Luca, A, de Palma, F, Digel, S W, Dormody, M, do Couto e Silva, E, Drell, P S, Dubois, R, Dumora, D, Farnier, C, Favuzzi, C, Fegan, S J, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Gehrels, N, Germani, S, Giebels, B, Giglietto, N, Giommi, P, Giordano, F, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, G, Grenier, I A, Grondin, M-H, Grove, J E, Guillemot, L, Guiriec, S, Gwon, C, Hanabata, Y, Harding, A K, Hayashida, M, Hays, E, Hughes, R E, Jóhannesson, G, Johnson, R P, Johnson, T J, Johnson, W N, Kamae, T, Katagiri, H, Kataoka, J, Kawai, N, Kerr, M, Knödlseder, J, Kocian, M L, Kuss, M, Lande, J, Latronico, L, Lemoine-Goumard, M, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lott, B, Lovellette, M N, Lubrano, P, Madejski, G M, Makeev, A, Marelli, M, Mazziotta, M N, McConville, W, McEnery, J E, Meurer, C, Michelson, P F, Mitthumsiri, W, Mizuno, T, Monte, C, Monzani, M E, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, I V, Murgia, S, Nolan, P L, Norris, J P, Nuss, E, Ohsugi, T, Omodei, N, Orlando, E, Ormes, J F, Paneque, D, Parent, D, Pelassa, V, Pepe, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Pierbattista, M, Piron, F, Porter, T A, Primack, J R, Rainò, S, Rando, R, Ray, P S, Razzano, M, Rea, N, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Reposeur, T, Ritz, S, Rochester, L S, Rodriguez, A Y, Romani, R W, Ryde, F, Sadrozinski, H F-W, Sanchez, D, Sander, A, Saz Parkinson, P M, Scargle, J D, Sgrò, C, Siskind, E J, Smith, D A, Smith, P D, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Starck, J-L, Strickman, M S, Suson, D J, Tajima, H, Takahashi, H, Takahashi, T, Tanaka, T, Thayer, J G, Thompson, D J, Tibaldo, L, Tibolla, O, Torres, D F, Tosti, G, Tramacere, A, Uchiyama, Y, Usher, T L, Van Etten, A, Vasileiou, V, Vilchez, N, Vitale, V, Waite, A P, Wang, P, Watters, K, Winer, B L, Wolff, M T, Wood, K S, Ylinen, T, and Ziegler, M
Abstract: Pulsars are rapidly rotating, highly magnetized neutron stars emitting radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. Although there are more than 1800 known radio pulsars, until recently only seven were observed to pulse in gamma rays, and these were all discovered at other wavelengths. The Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) makes it possible to pinpoint neutron stars through their gamma-ray pulsations. We report the detection of 16 gamma-ray pulsars in blind frequency searches using the LAT. Most of these pulsars are coincident with previously unidentified gamma-ray sources, and many are associated with supernova remnants. Direct detection of gamma-ray pulsars enables studies of emission mechanisms, population statistics, and the energetics of pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants.
Published: 2009
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168. A Bayesian Assessment of P-Values for Significance Estimation of Power Spectra and an Alternative Procedure, with Application to Solar Neutrino Data

Author: Sturrock, P. A., Scargle, J. D., Sturrock, P. A., and Scargle, J. D.
Abstract: The usual procedure for estimating the significance of a peak in a power spectrum is to calculate the probability of obtaining that value or a larger value by chance (known as the "p-value"), on the assumption that the time series contains only noise - typically that the measurements are derived from random samplings of a Gaussian distribution. We really need to know the probability that the time series is - or is not - compatible with the null hypothesis that the measurements are derived from noise. This probability can be calculated by Bayesian analysis, but this requires one to specify and evaluate a second hypothesis, that the time series does contain a contribution other than noise. We approach the problem of identifying this function in two ways. We first propose three simple conditions that it seems reasonable to impose on this function, and show that these conditions may be satisfied by a simple function with one free parameter. We then define two different ways of combining information derived from two independent power estimates. We find that this consistency condition may be satisfied, to good approximation, by a special case of the previously proposed likelihood function. We find that the resulting significance estimates are considerably more conservative than those usually associated with the p-values. As two examples, we apply the new procedure to two recent analyses of solar neutrino data: (a) power spectrum analysis of Super-Kamiokande data, and (b) the combined analysis of radiochemical neutrino data and irradiance data., Comment: 22 pages, 1 table, 3 figures. A further development of 0809.0276
Published: 2009
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169. FERMI/LARGE AREA TELESCOPE BRIGHT GAMMA-RAY SOURCE LIST

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bignami, G. F., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbet, R., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kocian, M. L., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Poupard, L., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Shrader, C., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bignami, G. F., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbet, R., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kocian, M. L., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Poupard, L., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Shrader, C., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: Following its launch in 2008 June, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) began a sky survey in August. The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on Fermi in three months produced a deeper and better resolved map of the gamma-ray sky than any previous space mission. We present here initial results for energies above 100 MeV for the 205 most significant (statistical significance greater than similar to 10 sigma) gamma-ray sources in these data. These are the best characterized and best localized point-like (i.e., spatially unresolved) gamma-ray sources in the early mission data.
Published: 2009
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170. MULTIWAVELENGTH MONITORING OF THE ENIGMATIC NARROW-LINE SEYFERT 1 PMN J0948+0022 IN 2009 MARCH-JULY

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Celotti, A., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Collmar, W., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max-Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Nestoras, I., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Readhead, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Richards, J. L., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tagliaferri, G., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wehrle, A. E., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., Ziegler, M., Angelakis, E., Bailyn, C., Bignall, H., Blanchard, J., Bonning, E. W., Buxton, M., Canterna, R., Carraminana, A., Carrasco, L., Colomer, F., Doi, A., Ghisellini, G., Hauser, M., Hong, X., Isler, J., Kino, M., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. A., Krichbaum, T. P., Kutyrev, A., Lahteenmaki, A., van Langevelde, H. J., Lister, M. L., Macomb, D., Maraschi, L., Marchili, N., Nagai, H., Paragi, Z., Phillips, C., Pushkarev, A. B., Recillas, E., Roming, P., Sekido, M., Stark, M. A., Szomoru, A., Tammi, J., Tavecchio, F., Tornikoski, M., Tzioumis, A. K., Urry, C. M., Wagner, S., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Celotti, A., Chekhtman, A., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Collmar, W., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max-Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Nestoras, I., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Readhead, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Richards, J. L., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tagliaferri, G., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wehrle, A. E., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., Ziegler, M., Angelakis, E., Bailyn, C., Bignall, H., Blanchard, J., Bonning, E. W., Buxton, M., Canterna, R., Carraminana, A., Carrasco, L., Colomer, F., Doi, A., Ghisellini, G., Hauser, M., Hong, X., Isler, J., Kino, M., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. A., Krichbaum, T. P., Kutyrev, A., Lahteenmaki, A., van Langevelde, H. J., Lister, M. L., Macomb, D., Maraschi, L., Marchili, N., Nagai, H., Paragi, Z., Phillips, C., Pushkarev, A. B., Recillas, E., Roming, P., Sekido, M., Stark, M. A., Szomoru, A., Tammi, J., Tavecchio, F., Tornikoski, M., Tzioumis, A. K., Urry, C. M., and Wagner, S.
Abstract: Following the recent discovery of gamma rays from the radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PMN J0948+0022 (z = 0.5846), we started a multiwavelength campaign from radio to gamma rays, which was carried out between the end of 2009 March and the beginning of July. The source displayed activity at all the observed wavelengths: a general decreasing trend from optical to gamma-ray frequencies was followed by an increase of radio emission after less than two months from the peak of the gamma-ray emission. The largest flux change, about a factor of about 4, occurred in the X-ray band. The smallest was at ultraviolet and near-infrared frequencies, where the rate of the detected photons dropped by a factor 1.6-1.9. At optical wavelengths, where the sampling rate was the highest, it was possible to observe day scale variability, with flux variations up to a factor of about 3. The behavior of PMN J0948+0022 observed in this campaign and the calculated power carried out by its jet in the form of protons, electrons, radiation, and magnetic field are quite similar to that of blazars, specifically of flat-spectrum radio quasars. These results confirm the idea that radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies host relativistic jets with power similar to that of average blazars.
Published: 2009
Full Text: View/download PDF

171. FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY DETECTION OF THE RADIO GALAXY M87

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Donato, D., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Georganopoulos, M., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sambruna, R., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Harris, D. E., Massaro, F., Stawarz, L., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Donato, D., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Georganopoulos, M., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sambruna, R., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Harris, D. E., Massaro, F., and Stawarz, L.
Abstract: We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) discovery of high-energy (MeV/GeV) gamma-ray emission positionally consistent with the center of the radio galaxy M87, at a source significance of over 10 sigma in 10 months of all-sky survey data. Following the detections of Cen A and Per A, this makes M87 the third radio galaxy seen with the LAT. The faint point-like gamma-ray source has a >100 MeV flux of 2.45 (+/-0.63) x 10(-8) photons cm(-2) s(-1) (photon index = 2.26 +/- 0.13) with no significant variability detected within the LAT observation. This flux is comparable with the previous EGRET upper limit (<2.18 x 10-8 photons cm(-2) s(-1), 2 sigma), thus there is no evidence for a significant MeV/GeV flare on decade timescales. Contemporaneous Chandra and Very Long Baseline Array data indicate low activity in the unresolved X-ray and radio core relative to previous observations, suggesting M87 is in a quiescent overall level over the first year of Fermi-LAT observations. The LAT gamma-ray spectrum is modeled as synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from the electron population producing the radio-to-X-ray emission in the core. The resultant SSC spectrum extrapolates smoothly from the LAT band to the historical-minimum TeV emission. Alternative models for the core and possible contributions from the kiloparsec-scale jet in M87 are considered, and cannot be excluded.
Published: 2009
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172. A limit on the variation of the speed of light arising from quantum gravity effects

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Bonnell, J., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burgess, J. M., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chaplin, V., Charles, E., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dingus, B. L., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Fishman, G., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Gibby, L., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Granot, J., Greiner, J., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Grupe, D., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hoversten, E. A., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Kippen, R. M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kouveliotou, C., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McBreen, S., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meszaros, P., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paciesas, W. S., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Raino, S., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Stecker, F. W., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Toma, K., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Uehara, T., Usher, T. L., van der Horst, A. J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Wu, X. F., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bhat, P. N., Bissaldi, E., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Bonnell, J., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Briggs, M. S., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burgess, J. M., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chaplin, V., Charles, E., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Connaughton, V., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dingus, B. L., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Fishman, G., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Gibby, L., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Granot, J., Greiner, J., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Grupe, D., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hoversten, E. A., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Kippen, R. M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kouveliotou, C., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McBreen, S., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meszaros, P., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paciesas, W. S., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Preece, R., Raino, S., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stamatikos, M., Stecker, F. W., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Toma, K., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Uchiyama, Y., Uehara, T., Usher, T. L., van der Horst, A. J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wilson-Hodge, C., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Wu, X. F., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: A cornerstone of Einstein's special relativity is Lorentz invariance-the postulate that all observers measure exactly the same speed of light in vacuum, independent of photon-energy. While special relativity assumes that there is no fundamental length-scale associated with such invariance, there is a fundamental scale (the Planck scale, l(Planck) approximate to 1.62 x 10(-33) cm or E-Planck = M(Planck)c(2) approximate to 1.22 x 10(19) GeV), at which quantum effects are expected to strongly affect the nature of space-time. There is great interest in the (not yet validated) idea that Lorentz invariance might break near the Planck scale. A key test of such violation of Lorentz invariance is a possible variation of photon speed with energy(1-7). Even a tiny variation in photon speed, when accumulated over cosmological light-travel times, may be revealed by observing sharp features in gamma-ray burst (GRB) light-curves(2). Here we report the detection of emission up to similar to 31GeV from the distant and short GRB090510. We find no evidence for the violation of Lorentz invariance, and place a lower limit of 1.2E(Planck) on the scale of a linear energy dependence (or an inverse wavelength dependence), subject to reasonable assumptions about the emission (equivalently we have an upper limit of l(Planck)/1.2 on the length scale of the effect). Our results disfavour quantum-gravity theories(3,6,7) in which the quantum nature of space-time on a very small scale linearly alters the speed of light.
Published: 2009
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173. BRIGHT ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SOURCE LIST FROM THE FIRST THREE MONTHS OF THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ALL-SKY SURVEY

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chen, A. W., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Collmar, W., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Massaro, E., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chen, A. W., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Collmar, W., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Massaro, E., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., McGlynn, S., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Taylor, G. B., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Villata, M., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The first three months of sky-survey operation with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope reveal 132 bright sources at |b| > 10 degrees with test statistic greater than 100 ( corresponding to about 10 sigma). Two methods, based on the CGRaBS, CRATES, and BZCat catalogs, indicate high-confidence associations of 106 of these sources with known active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This sample is referred to as the LAT Bright AGN Sample (LBAS). It contains two radio galaxies, namely, Centaurus A and NGC 1275, and 104 blazars consisting of 58 flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), 42 BL Lac objects, and 4 blazars with unknown classification. Four new blazars were discovered on the basis of the LAT detections. Remarkably, the LBAS includes 10 high-energy-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs), sources which were previously difficult to detect in the GeV range. Another 10 lower-confidence associations are found. Only 33 of the sources, plus two at |b| < 10 degrees, were previously detected with Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope( EGRET), probably due to variability. The analysis of the gamma-ray properties of the LBAS sources reveals that the average GeV spectra of BL Lac objects are significantly harder than the spectra of FSRQs. No significant correlation between radio and peak gamma-ray fluxes is observed. Blazar log N-log S distributions and luminosity functions are constructed to investigate the evolution of the different blazar classes, with positive evolution indicated for FSRQs but none for BL Lacs. The contribution of LAT blazars to the total extragalactic gamma-ray intensity is estimated.
Published: 2009
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174. FERMI OBSERVATIONS OF TeV-SELECTED ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., di Bernardo, G., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., di Bernardo, G., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Finke, J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Foschini, L., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report on observations of TeV-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) made during the first 5.5 months of observations with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on-board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi). In total, 96 AGNs were selected for study, each being either (1) a source detected at TeV energies (28 sources) or (2) an object that has been studied with TeV instruments and for which an upper limit has been reported (68 objects). The Fermi observations show clear detections of 38 of these TeV-selected objects, of which 21 are joint GeV-TeV sources, and 29 were not in the third EGRET catalog. For each of the 38 Fermi-detected sources, spectra and light curves are presented. Most can be described with a power law of spectral index harder than 2.0, with a spectral break generally required to accommodate the TeV measurements. Based on an extrapolation of the Fermi spectrum, we identify sources, not previously detected at TeV energies, which are promising targets for TeV instruments. Evidence for systematic evolution of the gamma-ray spectrum with redshift is presented and discussed in the context of interaction with the extragalactic background light.
Published: 2009
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175. FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTION OF PULSED gamma-RAYS FROM THE VELA-LIKE PULSARS PSR J1048-5832 AND PSR J2229+6114

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cognard, I., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Frailis, M., Freire, P. C. C., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Halpern, J., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hobbs, G., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kramer, M., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Lyne, A. G., Makeev, A., Manchester, R. N., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ransom, S. M., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stappers, B. W., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Theureau, G., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wang, N., Watters, K., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Camilo, F., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cognard, I., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Frailis, M., Freire, P. C. C., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Halpern, J., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hobbs, G., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Johnston, S., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kramer, M., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Lyne, A. G., Makeev, A., Manchester, R. N., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Noutsos, A., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ransom, S. M., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stappers, B. W., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Theureau, G., Thompson, D. J., Thorsett, S. E., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wang, N., Watters, K., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: We report the detection of gamma-ray pulsations (>= 0.1GeV) from PSR J2229+ 6114 and PSR J1048-5832, the latter having been detected as a low-significance pulsar by EGRET. Data in the gamma-ray band were acquired by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, while the radio rotational ephemerides used to fold the gamma-ray light curves were obtained using the Green Bank Telescope, the Lovell telescope at Jodrell Bank, and the Parkes Telescope. The two young radio pulsars, located within the error circles of the previously unidentified EGRET sources 3EG J1048-5840 and 3EG J2227+6122, present spin-down characteristics similar to the Vela pulsar. PSR J1048-5832 shows two sharp peaks at phases 0.15 +/- 0.01 and 0.57 +/- 0.01 relative to the radio pulse confirming the EGRET light curve, while PSR J2229+ 6114 presents a very broad peak at phase 0.49 +/- 0.01. The gamma-ray spectra above 0.1 GeV of both pulsars are fit with power laws having exponential cutoffs near 3 GeV, leading to integral photon fluxes of (2.19 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.32) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1) for PSR J1048-5832 and (3.77 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.44) x 10(-7) cm(-2) s(-1) for PSR J2229+6114. The first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. PSR J1048-5832 is one of the two LAT sources whichwere entangled together as 3EG J1048-5840. These detections add to the growing number of young gamma-ray pulsars that make up the dominant population of GeV gamma-ray sources in the Galactic plane.
Published: 2009
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176. THE LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON THE FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE MISSION

Author: Atwood, W. B., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Althouse, W., Anderson, B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Bartelt, J., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bederede, D., Bellardi, F., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bignami, G. F., Bisello, D., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogart, J. R., Bonamente, E., Bonnell, J., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Busetto, G., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carius, Staffan, Carlson, P., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Ceccanti, M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Chipaux, R., Cillis, A. N., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Condamoor, S., Conrad, J., Corbet, R., Corucci, L., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Decotigny, D., DeKlotz, M., Dermer, C. D., De Angelis, A., Digel, S. W., Silva, Edce, Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Fabiani, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Flath, D. L., Fleury, P., Focke, W. B., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Gentit, F. X., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Haller, G., Harding, A. K., Hart, P. A., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Hirayama, M., Hjalmarsdotter, L., Horn, R., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johansson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kavelaars, A., Kawai, N., Kelly, H., Kerr, M., Klamra, W., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Landriu, D., Latronico, L., Lee, B., Lee, S. H., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lionetto, A. M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marangelli, B., Massai, M. M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Menon, N., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Minuti, M., Mirizzi, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nishino, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paccagnella, A., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pearce, M., Pepe, M., Perazzo, A., Pesce-Rollins, M., Picozza, P., Pieri, L., Pinchera, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Poupard, L., Raino, S., Rando, R., Rapposelli, E., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Russell, J. J., Ryde, F., Sabatini, S., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Sapozhnikov, L., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Scolieri, G., Sgro, C., Share, G. H., Shaw, M., Shimokawabe, T., Shrader, C., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tenze, A., Tether, S., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Turri, M., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Atwood, W. B., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Althouse, W., Anderson, B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Band, D. L., Barbiellini, G., Bartelt, J., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bederede, D., Bellardi, F., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bignami, G. F., Bisello, D., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogart, J. R., Bonamente, E., Bonnell, J., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Busetto, G., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carius, Staffan, Carlson, P., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Ceccanti, M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Chipaux, R., Cillis, A. N., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Condamoor, S., Conrad, J., Corbet, R., Corucci, L., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Decotigny, D., DeKlotz, M., Dermer, C. D., De Angelis, A., Digel, S. W., Silva, Edce, Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Fabiani, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Flath, D. L., Fleury, P., Focke, W. B., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Gentit, F. X., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Haller, G., Harding, A. K., Hart, P. A., Hays, E., Healey, S. E., Hirayama, M., Hjalmarsdotter, L., Horn, R., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johansson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kavelaars, A., Kawai, N., Kelly, H., Kerr, M., Klamra, W., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Komin, N., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Landriu, D., Latronico, L., Lee, B., Lee, S. H., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lionetto, A. M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marangelli, B., Massai, M. M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Menon, N., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Minuti, M., Mirizzi, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nishino, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paccagnella, A., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pearce, M., Pepe, M., Perazzo, A., Pesce-Rollins, M., Picozza, P., Pieri, L., Pinchera, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Poupard, L., Raino, S., Rando, R., Rapposelli, E., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Russell, J. J., Ryde, F., Sabatini, S., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Sapozhnikov, L., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Scolieri, G., Sgro, C., Share, G. H., Shaw, M., Shimokawabe, T., Shrader, C., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Tenze, A., Tether, S., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Turri, M., Usher, T. L., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Wang, P., Watters, K., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The Large Area Telescope (Fermi/LAT, hereafter LAT), the primary instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi) mission, is an imaging, wide field-of-view (FoV), high-energy gamma-ray telescope, covering the energy range from below 20 MeV to more than 300 GeV. The LAT was built by an international collaboration with contributions from space agencies, high-energy particle physics institutes, and universities in France, Italy, Japan, Sweden, and the United States. This paper describes the LAT, its preflight expected performance, and summarizes the key science objectives that will be addressed. On-orbit performance will be presented in detail in a subsequent paper. The LAT is a pair-conversion telescope with a precision tracker and calorimeter, each consisting of a 4 x 4 array of 16 modules, a segmented anticoincidence detector that covers the tracker array, and a programmable trigger and data acquisition system. Each tracker module has a vertical stack of 18 (x, y) tracking planes, including two layers (x and y) of single-sided silicon strip detectors and high-Z converter material (tungsten) per tray. Every calorimeter module has 96 CsI(Tl) crystals, arranged in an eight-layer hodoscopic configuration with a total depth of 8.6 radiation lengths, giving both longitudinal and transverse information about the energy deposition pattern. The calorimeter's depth and segmentation enable the high-energy reach of the LAT and contribute significantly to background rejection. The aspect ratio of the tracker (height/width) is 0.4, allowing a large FoV (2.4 sr) and ensuring that most pair-conversion showers initiated in the tracker will pass into the calorimeter for energy measurement. Data obtained with the LAT are intended to (1) permit rapid notification of high-energy gamma-ray bursts and transients and facilitate monitoring of variable sources, (2) yield an extensive catalog of several thousand high-energy sources obtained from an all-sky survey, (3) measure spectr
Published: 2009
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177. Measurement of the Cosmic Ray e(+)+e(-) Spectrum from 20 GeV to 1 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogaert, G., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carlson, P., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Di Bernardo, G., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gaggero, D., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grasso, D., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Massai, M. M., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pohl, M., Porter, T. A., Profumo, S., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Battelino, M., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bogaert, G., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carlson, P., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Di Bernardo, G., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Edmonds, Y., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gaggero, D., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grasso, D., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hartman, R. C., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocevski, D., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Massai, M. M., Mazziotta, M. N., McConville, W., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Pohl, M., Porter, T. A., Profumo, S., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sellerholm, A., Sgro, C., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Starck, J. L., Stephens, T. E., Strickman, M. S., Strong, A. W., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Van Etten, A., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: Designed as a high-sensitivity gamma-ray observatory, the Fermi Large Area Telescope is also an electron detector with a large acceptance exceeding 2 m(2) sr at 300 GeV. Building on the gamma-ray analysis, we have developed an efficient electron detection strategy which provides sufficient background rejection for measurement of the steeply falling electron spectrum up to 1 TeV. Our high precision data show that the electron spectrum falls with energy as E-3.0 and does not exhibit prominent spectral features. Interpretations in terms of a conventional diffusive model as well as a potential local extra component are briefly discussed.
Published: 2009
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178. FERMI LAT OBSERVATIONS OF LS I+61°303 : FIRST DETECTION OF AN ORBITAL MODULATION IN GeV GAMMA RAYS

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbel, S., Corbet, R., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dubus, G., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hill, A. B., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Striani, E., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Atwood, W. B., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Charles, E., Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Corbel, S., Corbet, R., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Luca, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dubus, G., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hill, A. B., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuehn, F., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Marelli, M., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nolan, P. L., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Ray, P. S., Razzano, M., Rea, N., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Shaw, M. S., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Striani, E., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: This Letter presents the first results from the observations of LS I + 61 degrees 303 using Large Area Telescope data from the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope between 2008 August and 2009 March. Our results indicate variability that is consistent with the binary period, with the emission being modulated at 26.6 +/- 0.5 days. This constitutes the first detection of orbital periodicity in high-energy gamma rays (20 MeV-100 GeV, HE). The light curve is characterized by a broad peak after periastron, as well as a smaller peak just before apastron. The spectrum is best represented by a power law with an exponential cutoff, yielding an overall flux above 100 MeV of 0.82 +/- 0.03(stat) +/- 0.07(syst) 10(-6) ph cm(-2) s(-1), with a cutoff at 6.3 +/- 1.1(stat) +/- 0.4(syst) GeV and photon index Gamma = 2.21 +/- 0.04(stat) +/- 0.06(syst). There is no significant spectral change with orbital phase. The phase of maximum emission, close to periastron, hints at inverse Compton scattering as the main radiation mechanism. However, previous very high-energy gamma ray (>100 GeV, VHE) observations by MAGIC and VERITAS show peak emission close to apastron. This and the energy cutoff seen with Fermi suggest that the link between HE and VHE gamma rays is nontrivial.
Published: 2009
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179. FERMI LAT DISCOVERY OF EXTENDED GAMMA-RAY EMISSION IN THE DIRECTION OF SUPERNOVA REMNANT W51C

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katsuta, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Baughman, B. M., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Burnett, T. H., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Celik, O., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L. R., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Angelis, A., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., Dormody, M., Silva, E. D. E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Farnier, C., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grondin, M. H., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hanabata, Y., Harding, A. K., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Katsuta, J., Kawai, N., Kerr, M., Knodlseder, J., Kocian, M. L., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meurer, C., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ritz, S., Rodriguez, A. Y., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Ryde, F., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Parkinson, P. M. S., Scargle, J. D., Schalk, T. L., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, D. A., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vasileiou, V., Venter, C., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yamazaki, R., Ylinen, T., and Ziegler, M.
Abstract: The discovery of bright gamma-ray emission coincident with supernova remnant (SNR) W51C is reported using the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. W51C is a middle-aged remnant (similar to 10(4) yr) with intense radio synchrotron emission in its shell and known to be interacting with a molecular cloud. The gamma-ray emission is spatially extended, broadly consistent with the radio and X-ray extent of SNR W51C. The energy spectrum in the 0.2-50 GeV band exhibits steepening toward high energies. The luminosity is greater than 1 x 10(36) erg s(-1) given the distance constraint of D > 5.5 kpc, which makes this object one of the most luminous gamma-ray sources in our Galaxy. The observed gamma-rays can be explained reasonably by a combination of efficient acceleration of nuclear cosmic rays at supernova shocks and shock-cloud interactions. The decay of neutral pi mesons produced in hadronic collisions provides a plausible explanation for the gamma-ray emission. The product of the average gas density and the total energy content of the accelerated protons amounts to (n) over bar W-H(p) similar or equal to 5 x 10(51) (D/6 kpc)(2) erg cm(-3). Electron density constraints from the radio and X-ray bands render it difficult to explain the LAT signal as due to inverse Compton scattering. The Fermi LAT source coincident with SNR W51C sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.
Published: 2009
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180. FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTION OF GRAVITATIONAL LENS DELAYED γ-RAY FLARES FROM BLAZAR B0218+357

Author: Cheung, C. C., primary, Larsson, S., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Amin, M. A., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bulmash, D., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Corbet, R. H. D., additional, Falco, E. E., additional, Marshall, P. J., additional, Wood, D. L., additional, Ajello, M., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Lott, B., additional, Ojha, R., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Smith, A. W., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, and Wood, K. S., additional
Published: 2014
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181. The First Pulse of the Extremely Bright GRB 130427A: A Test Lab for Synchrotron Shocks

Author: Preece, R., primary, Burgess, J. Michael, additional, von Kienlin, A., additional, Bhat, P. N., additional, Briggs, M. S., additional, Byrne, D., additional, Chaplin, V., additional, Cleveland, W., additional, Collazzi, A. C., additional, Connaughton, V., additional, Diekmann, A., additional, Fitzpatrick, G., additional, Foley, S., additional, Gibby, M., additional, Giles, M., additional, Goldstein, A., additional, Greiner, J., additional, Gruber, D., additional, Jenke, P., additional, Kippen, R. M., additional, Kouveliotou, C., additional, McBreen, S., additional, Meegan, C., additional, Paciesas, W. S., additional, Pelassa, V., additional, Tierney, D., additional, van der Horst, A. J., additional, Wilson-Hodge, C., additional, Xiong, S., additional, Younes, G., additional, Yu, H.-F., additional, Ackermann, M., additional, Ajello, M., additional, Axelsson, M., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Baring, M. G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bissaldi, E., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Chiaro, G., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Cominsky, L. R., additional, Conrad, J., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Desiante, R., additional, Digel, S. W., additional, Di Venere, L., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Franckowiak, A., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Granot, J., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hanabata, Y., additional, Harding, A. K., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Iyyani, S., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Kawano, T., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kocevski, D., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Moretti, E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Nymark, T., additional, Ohno, M., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Racusin, J. L., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Roth, M., additional, Ryde, F., additional, Sartori, A., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Schulz, A., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Werner, M., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, and Zhu, S., additional
Published: 2014
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182. Fermi-LAT Observations of the Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 130427A

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Asano, K., additional, Atwood, W. B., additional, Axelsson, M., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Baring, M. G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bissaldi, E., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Burgess, J. Michael, additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Chaplin, V., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Cheung, C. C., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Chiaro, G., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cleveland, W., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Collazzi, A., additional, Cominsky, L. R., additional, Connaughton, V., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cutini, S., additional, D’Ammando, F., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, DeKlotz, M., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Desiante, R., additional, Diekmann, A., additional, Di Venere, L., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Finke, J., additional, Fitzpatrick, G., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Franckowiak, A., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Germani, S., additional, Gibby, M., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giles, M., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Granot, J., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Gruber, D., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hanabata, Y., additional, Harding, A. K., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Inoue, Y., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, W. N., additional, Kawano, T., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kocevski, D., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Moretti, E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohno, M., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Pelassa, V., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Petrosian, V., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Racusin, J. L., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Roth, M., additional, Ryde, F., additional, Sartori, A., additional, Parkinson, P. M. Saz, additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Schulz, A., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Sonbas, E., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Yamazaki, R., additional, Younes, G., additional, Yu, H.-F., additional, Zhu, S. J., additional, Bhat, P. N., additional, Briggs, M. S., additional, Byrne, D., additional, Foley, S., additional, Goldstein, A., additional, Jenke, P., additional, Kippen, R. M., additional, Kouveliotou, C., additional, McBreen, S., additional, Meegan, C., additional, Paciesas, W. S., additional, Preece, R., additional, Rau, A., additional, Tierney, D., additional, van der Horst, A. J., additional, von Kienlin, A., additional, Wilson-Hodge, C., additional, Xiong, S., additional, Cusumano, G., additional, La Parola, V., additional, and Cummings, J. R., additional
Published: 2014
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183. THE SECOND FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE CATALOG OF GAMMA-RAY PULSARS

Author: Abdo, A. A., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Allafort, A., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Baring, M. G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Belfiore, A., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bhattacharyya, B., additional, Bissaldi, E., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Burgay, M., additional, Burnett, T. H., additional, Busetto, G., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Camilo, F., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Çelik, Ö., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chaty, S., additional, Chaves, R. C. G., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Chen, A. W., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Chiaro, G., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cognard, I., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Cominsky, L. R., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cutini, S., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, DeCesar, M. E., additional, De Luca, A., additional, den Hartog, P. R., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Desvignes, G., additional, Digel, S. W., additional, Di Venere, L., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Dubois, R., additional, Dumora, D., additional, Espinoza, C. M., additional, Falletti, L., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Franckowiak, A., additional, Freire, P. C. C., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giommi, P., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Gotthelf, E. V., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grondin, M.-H., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Guillemot, L., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hanabata, Y., additional, Harding, A. K., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Hessels, J., additional, Hewitt, J., additional, Hill, A. B., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hou, X., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Jackson, M. S., additional, Janssen, G. H., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, R. P., additional, Johnson, A. S., additional, Johnson, T. J., additional, Johnson, W. N., additional, Johnston, S., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Keith, M., additional, Kerr, M., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kramer, M., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Lemoine-Goumard, M., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Lyne, A. G., additional, Manchester, R. N., additional, Marelli, M., additional, Massaro, F., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, McLaughlin, M. A., additional, Mehault, J., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mignani, R. P., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Nakamori, T., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohno, M., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Panetta, J. H., additional, Parent, D., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Pierbattista, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Pletsch, H. J., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Possenti, A., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Ransom, S. M., additional, Ray, P. S., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Rea, N., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Renault, N., additional, Reposeur, T., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Romani, R. W., additional, Roth, M., additional, Rousseau, R., additional, Roy, J., additional, Ruan, J., additional, Sartori, A., additional, Saz Parkinson, P. M., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Schulz, A., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Shannon, R., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Smith, D. A., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Stappers, B. W., additional, Strong, A. W., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Theureau, G., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Thorsett, S. E., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tibolla, O., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Uchiyama, Y., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Venter, C., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Wang, N., additional, Weltevrede, P., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wolff, M. T., additional, Wood, D. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Wood, M., additional, and Yang, Z., additional
Published: 2013
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184. ASSOCIATING LONG-TERM γ-RAY VARIABILITY WITH THE SUPERORBITAL PERIOD OF LS I +61°303

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cavazzuti, E., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Chiaro, G., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Cominsky, L. R., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cutini, S., additional, Dalton, M., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, den Hartog, P. R., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Digel, S. W., additional, Di Venere, L., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Dubois, R., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Franckowiak, A., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hanabata, Y., additional, Harding, A. K., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Hill, A. B., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, A. S., additional, Johnson, T. J., additional, Kawano, T., additional, Kerr, M., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Lemoine-Goumard, M., additional, Li, J., additional, Longo, F., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Papitto, A., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Rea, N., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Schulz, A., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Uchiyama, Y., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Werner, M., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, and Wood, K. S., additional
Published: 2013
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185. THEFERMIALL-SKY VARIABILITY ANALYSIS: A LIST OF FLARING GAMMA-RAY SOURCES AND THE SEARCH FOR TRANSIENTS IN OUR GALAXY

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Albert, A., additional, Allafort, A., additional, Antolini, E., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Bouvier, A., additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Cavazzuti, E., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Cheung, C. C., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Chiaro, G., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cutini, S., additional, Dalton, M., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Di Venere, L., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Franckowiak, A., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grondin, M.-H., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hanabata, Y., additional, Harding, A. K., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Hewitt, J., additional, Hill, A. B., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hou, X., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Inoue, Y., additional, Jackson, M. S., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, W. N., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kawano, T., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Lemoine-Goumard, M., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lott, B., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Panetta, J. H., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Romoli, C., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sánchez-Conde, M., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Schulz, A., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Takeuchi, Y., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Tronconi, V., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Wood, M., additional, and Yang, Z., additional
Published: 2013
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186. Power-spectrum analysis of Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino data, taking into account asymmetry in the error estimates

Author: Sturrock, P. A., Scargle, J. D., Sturrock, P. A., and Scargle, J. D.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to carry out a power-spectrum analysis (based on likelihood methods) of the Super-Kamiokande 5-day dataset that takes account of the asymmetry in the error estimates. Whereas the likelihood analysis involves a linear optimization procedure for symmetrical error estimates, it involves a nonlinear optimization procedure for asymmetrical error estimates. We find that for most frequencies there is little difference between the power spectra derived from analyses of symmetrized error estimates and from asymmetrical error estimates. However, this proves not to be the case for the principal peak in the power spectra, which is found at 9.43 yr-1. A likelihood analysis which allows for a "floating offset" and takes account of the start time and end time of each bin and of the flux estimate and the symmetrized error estimate leads to a power of 11.24 for this peak. A Monte Carlo analysis shows that there is a chance of only 1% of finding a peak this big or bigger in the frequency band 1 - 36 yr-1 (the widest band that avoids artificial peaks). On the other hand, an analysis that takes account of the error asymmetry leads to a peak with power 13.24 at that frequency. A Monte Carlo analysis shows that there is a chance of only 0.1% of finding a peak this big or bigger in that frequency band 1 - 36 yr-1. From this perspective, power spectrum analysis that takes account of asymmetry of the error estimates gives evidence for variability that is significant at the 99.9% level. We comment briefly on an apparent discrepancy between power spectrum analyses of the Super-Kamiokande and SNO solar neutrino experiments., Comment: 13 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Published: 2006
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187. DETERMINATION OF THE POINT-SPREAD FUNCTION FOR THEFERMILARGE AREA TELESCOPE FROM ON-ORBIT DATA AND LIMITS ON PAIR HALOS OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Allafort, A., additional, Asano, K., additional, Atwood, W. B., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Borgland, A. W., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Burnett, T. H., additional, Busetto, G., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chaty, S., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Cheung, C. C., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Cillis, A. N., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Colafrancesco, S., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cutini, S., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, do Couto e Silva, E., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Dubois, R., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Fortin, P., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grandi, P., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hou, X., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Jackson, M. S., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, R. P., additional, Johnson, A. S., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kerr, M., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Lavalley, C., additional, Lee, S.-H., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lott, B., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McConville, W., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Mehault, J., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mignani, R. P., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Naumann-Godo, M., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nishino, S., additional, Norris, J. P., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Panetta, J. H., additional, Pelassa, V., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Pierbattista, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Poon, H., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Reyes, L. C., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Rochester, L. S., additional, Romoli, C., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sanchez, D. A., additional, Saz Parkinson, P. M., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Snyder, A., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Stephens, T. E., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tibolla, O., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, von Kienlin, A., additional, Waite, A. P., additional, Wallace, E., additional, Weltevrede, P., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Wood, M., additional, Yang, Z., additional, and Zimmer, S., additional
Published: 2013
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188. Far Infrared Spectral Observations of the Galactic Center Region from the Gerard P. Kuiper Airborne Observatory

Author: Caroff, L. J., Erickson, E. F., Goorvitch, D., Scargle, J. D., Simpson, J. P., Strecker, D. W., and Fazio, Giovanni G., editor
Published: 1977
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189. Combined and Comparative Analysis of Power Spectra

Author: Sturrock, P. A., Scargle, J. D., Walther, G., Wheatland, M. S., Sturrock, P. A., Scargle, J. D., Walther, G., and Wheatland, M. S.
Abstract: In solar physics, especially in exploratory stages of research, it is often necessary to compare the power spectra of two or more time series. One may, for instance, wish to estimate what the power spectrum of the combined data sets might have been, or one may wish to estimate the significance of a particular peak that shows up in two or more power spectra. One may also on occasion need to search for a complex of peaks in a single power spectrum, such as a fundamental and one or more harmonics, or a fundamental plus sidebands, etc. Visual inspection can be revealing, but it can also be misleading. This leads one to look for one or more ways of forming statistics, which readily lend themselves to significance estimation, from two or more power spectra. We derive formulas for statistics formed from the sum, the minimum, and the product of two or more power spectra. A distinguishing feature of our formulae is that, if each power spectrum has an exponential distribution, each statistic also has an exponential distribution., Comment: 26 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2005
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190. Preliminary results of the analysis of the BATSE TTE data

Author: Horvath, I., Norris, J. P., Scargle, J. D., Balazs, L. G., Horvath, I., Norris, J. P., Scargle, J. D., and Balazs, L. G.
Abstract: The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) observed many types of data and one of them is the time-tagged photon events (TTE data). We use the Bayesian block analysis, using Bayesian statistics, analyses the TTE data. Our results; calculations of duration (T100), count rates (burst photon numbers in different channels) and count peaks (in 64, 16 and 4 ms). We present the duration, the peak duration and the distance between peaks distributions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been also applied. The PCA shows interesting results, such as channel 4 (highest energy channel) probably is very important., Comment: accepted in Nuovo Cimento
Published: 2005
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191. Long-lag, Wide-Pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts

Author: Norris, J. P., Bonnell, J. T., Kazanas, D., Scargle, J. D., Hakkila, J., Giblin, T. W., Norris, J. P., Bonnell, J. T., Kazanas, D., Scargle, J. D., Hakkila, J., and Giblin, T. W.
Abstract: Currently, the best available probe of the early phase of gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet attributes is the prompt gamma-ray emission, in which several intrinsic and extrinsic variables determine GRB pulse evolution. Bright, usually complex bursts have many narrow pulses that are difficult to model due to overlap. However, the relatively simple, long spectral lag, wide-pulse bursts may have simpler physics and are easier to model. In this work we analyze the temporal and spectral behavior of wide pulses in 24 long-lag bursts, using a pulse model with two shape parameters -- width and asymmetry -- and the Band spectral model with three shape parameters. We find that pulses in long-lag bursts are distinguished both temporally and spectrally from those in bright bursts: the pulses in long spectral lag bursts are few in number, and ~ 100 times wider (10s of seconds), have systematically lower peaks in nu*F(nu), harder low-energy spectra and softer high-energy spectra. We find that these five pulse descriptors are essentially uncorrelated for our long-lag sample, suggesting that at least five parameters are needed to model burst temporal and spectral behavior. However, pulse width is strongly correlated with spectral lag; hence these two parameters may be viewed as mutual surrogates. We infer that accurate formulations for estimating GRB luminosity and total energy will depend on several gamma-ray attributes, at least for long-lag bursts. The prevalence of long-lag bursts near the BATSE trigger threshold, their predominantly low nF(n) spectral peaks, and relatively steep upper power-law spectral indices indicate that Swift will detect many such bursts., Comment: 57 pages, 26 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2005
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192. Power-Spectrum Analyses of Super-Kamiokande Solar Neutrino Data: Variability and its Implications for Solar Physics and Neutrino Physics

Author: Sturrock, P. A., Caldwell, D. O., Scargle, J. D., Wheatland, M. S., Sturrock, P. A., Caldwell, D. O., Scargle, J. D., and Wheatland, M. S.
Abstract: There have been conflicting claims as to whether or not power-spectrum analysis of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino data yields evidence of variability. Comparison of these claims is complicated by the fact that the relevant articles may use different datasets, different methods of analysis, and different procedures for significance estimation. The purpose of this article is to clarify the role of power spectrum analysis. To this end, we analyze only the Super-Kamiokande 5-day dataset, and we use a standard procedure for significance estimation proposed by the Super-Kamiokande collaboration. We then analyze this dataset, with this method of significance estimation, using six methods of power spectrum analysis. We find that the significance of the principal peak in the power spectrum (that at 9.43 yr-1with a depth of modulation of 7%) shows a clear correlation with the amount and relevance of the information being processed, as would be expected if there were a real signal in the data. The significance level reaches 99.3% for one method of analysis. We discuss, in terms of sub-dominant processes, possible neutrino-physics interpretations of the apparent variability of the Super-Kamiokande measurements, and we suggest steps that could be taken to resolve the question of variability of the solar neutrino flux., Comment: 41 pages, 7 tables, 25 figures
Published: 2005
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193. The Imprint of the Extragalactic Background Light in the Gamma-Ray Spectra of Blazars

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Allafort, A., additional, Schady, P., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Borgland, A. W., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Bouvier, A., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Cavazzuti, E., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chaves, R. C. G., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Cheung, C. C., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Chiaro, G., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cutini, S., additional, D’Ammando, F., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Digel, S. W., additional, do Couto e Silva, E., additional, Domínguez, A., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Franckowiak, A., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Gustafsson, M., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Jackson, M. S., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Mehault, J., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Tramacere, A., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Greiner, J., additional, Ohno, M., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Reyes, L. C., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Rau, A., additional, Romoli, C., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sánchez-Conde, M., additional, Sanchez, D. A., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Stawarz, Łukasz, additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Waite, A. P., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, and Wood, M., additional
Published: 2012
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194. CONSTRAINTS ON THE GALACTIC HALO DARK MATTER FROMFERMI-LAT DIFFUSE MEASUREMENTS

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Atwood, W. B., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Borgland, A. W., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Cuoco, A., additional, Cutini, S., additional, D’Ammando, F., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, do Couto e Silva, E., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Falletti, L., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Gustafsson, M., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Jackson, M. S., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, A. S., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Lionetto, A. M., additional, Llena Garde, M., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lott, B., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Mehault, J., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Naumann-Godo, M., additional, Norris, J. P., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Panetta, J. H., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Pierbattista, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Poon, H., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Romoli, C., additional, Sbarra, C., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Stawarz, Łukasz, additional, Strong, A. W., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Waite, A. P., additional, Wallace, E., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Wood, M., additional, Yang, Z., additional, Zaharijas, G., additional, and Zimmer, S., additional
Published: 2012
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195. THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE ON ORBIT: EVENT CLASSIFICATION, INSTRUMENT RESPONSE FUNCTIONS, AND CALIBRATION

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Albert, A., additional, Allafort, A., additional, Atwood, W. B., additional, Axelsson, M., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Bissaldi, E., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bogart, J. R., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Borgland, A. W., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Bouvier, A., additional, Brandt, T. J., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Burnett, T. H., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cavazzuti, E., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Çelik, Ö., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chaves, R. C. G., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Cheung, C. C., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Corbet, R., additional, Cutini, S., additional, D’Ammando, F., additional, Davis, D. S., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, DeKlotz, M., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Digel, S. W., additional, do Couto e Silva, E., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Dubois, R., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Fortin, P., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Giebels, B., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hou, X., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Jackson, M. S., additional, Jogler, T., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, R. P., additional, Johnson, T. J., additional, Johnson, W. N., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Katagiri, H., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kerr, M., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Lavalley, C., additional, Lemoine-Goumard, M., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lott, B., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McConville, W., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Mehault, J., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Naumann-Godo, M., additional, Nemmen, R., additional, Nishino, S., additional, Norris, J. P., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohno, M., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Panetta, J. H., additional, Perkins, J. S., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Pierbattista, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Racusin, J. L., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Reposeur, T., additional, Reyes, L. C., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Rochester, L. S., additional, Romoli, C., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sadrozinski, H. F.-W., additional, Sanchez, D. A., additional, Saz Parkinson, P. M., additional, Sbarra, C., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siegal-Gaskins, J., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Stephens, T. E., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Usher, T. L., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Van Klaveren, B., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Waite, A. P., additional, Wallace, E., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, D. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Wood, M., additional, Yang, Z., additional, and Zimmer, S., additional
Published: 2012
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196. Fermi LAT search for dark matter in gamma-ray lines and the inclusive photon spectrum

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Albert, A., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Berenji, B., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Borgland, A. W., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chekhtman, A., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Conrad, J., additional, D’Ammando, F., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, do Couto e Silva, E., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Drlica-Wagner, A., additional, Edmonds, Y., additional, Essig, R., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Gustafsson, M., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Lionetto, A. M., additional, Llena Garde, M., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Naumann-Godo, M., additional, Norris, J. P., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Panetta, J. H., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Prokhorov, D., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sbarra, C., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Snyder, A., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Waite, A. P., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, Yang, Z., additional, and Zimmer, S., additional
Published: 2012
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197. GAMMA-RAY ACTIVITY IN THE CRAB NEBULA: THE EXCEPTIONAL FLARE OF 2011 APRIL

Author: Buehler, R., primary, Scargle, J. D., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Baring, M. G., additional, Belfiore, A., additional, Charles, E., additional, Chiang, J., additional, D'Ammando, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Funk, S., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Harding, A. K., additional, Hays, E., additional, Kerr, M., additional, Massaro, F., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, Romani, R. W., additional, Saz Parkinson, P. M., additional, Tennant, A. F., additional, and Weisskopf, M. C., additional
Published: 2012
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198. Comment on 'Search for periodic modulations of the solar neutrino flux in Super-Kamiokande' by J. Yoo et al

Author: Sturrock, P. A., Caldwell, D. O., Scargle, J. D., Walther, G., Wheatland, M. S., Sturrock, P. A., Caldwell, D. O., Scargle, J. D., Walther, G., and Wheatland, M. S.
Abstract: We comment on a recent article by Yoo et al. that presents an analysis of Super-Kamiokande 10-day and 5-day data, correcting certain errors in that article. We also point out that, in using the Lomb-Scargle method of power spectrum analysis, Yoo et al. ignore much of the relevant data. A likelihood analysis, that can take account of all of the relevant data, yields evidence indicative of modulation by solar processes., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2004

199. Comparative analysis of Gallex and GNO solar neutrino data

Author: Sturrock, P. A., Caldwell, D. O., Scargle, J. D., Sturrock, P. A., Caldwell, D. O., and Scargle, J. D.
Abstract: Since the GALLEX and GNO datasets were derived from closely related experiments, there is a natural tendency to merge them. This is perhaps appropriate for any analysis based on the hypothesis that the solar neutrino flux is constant, but it is not necessarily appropriate for an analysis that allows for possible variability, since the GALLEX and GNO experiments belong to different solar cycles. Moreover, we find significant differences between the GALLEX and GNO datasets. It appears, from inspection of the time series and histograms, that GNO measurements are compatible with the assumption that the solar neutrino flux is constant, but GALLEX measurements are not. Furthermore, power-spectrum analysis yields evidence of rotational modulation in GALLEX data but not in GNO data. We compare our results with those of Pandola, who claims that GALLEX-GNO data show no evidence for variability., Comment: 20 pages plus 6 tables plus 11 figures
Published: 2004
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200. THE SECOND CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THEFERMILARGE AREA TELESCOPE

Author: Ackermann, M., primary, Ajello, M., additional, Allafort, A., additional, Antolini, E., additional, Atwood, W. B., additional, Axelsson, M., additional, Baldini, L., additional, Ballet, J., additional, Barbiellini, G., additional, Bastieri, D., additional, Bechtol, K., additional, Bellazzini, R., additional, Berenji, B., additional, Blandford, R. D., additional, Bloom, E. D., additional, Bonamente, E., additional, Borgland, A. W., additional, Bottacini, E., additional, Bouvier, A., additional, Bregeon, J., additional, Brigida, M., additional, Bruel, P., additional, Buehler, R., additional, Burnett, T. H., additional, Buson, S., additional, Caliandro, G. A., additional, Cameron, R. A., additional, Caraveo, P. A., additional, Casandjian, J. M., additional, Cavazzuti, E., additional, Cecchi, C., additional, Charles, E., additional, Cheung, C. C., additional, Chiang, J., additional, Ciprini, S., additional, Claus, R., additional, Cohen-Tanugi, J., additional, Conrad, J., additional, Costamante, L., additional, Cutini, S., additional, de Angelis, A., additional, de Palma, F., additional, Dermer, C. D., additional, Digel, S. W., additional, do Couto e Silva, E., additional, Drell, P. S., additional, Dubois, R., additional, Escande, L., additional, Favuzzi, C., additional, Fegan, S. J., additional, Ferrara, E. C., additional, Finke, J., additional, Focke, W. B., additional, Fortin, P., additional, Frailis, M., additional, Fukazawa, Y., additional, Funk, S., additional, Fusco, P., additional, Gargano, F., additional, Gasparrini, D., additional, Gehrels, N., additional, Germani, S., additional, Giebels, B., additional, Giglietto, N., additional, Giommi, P., additional, Giordano, F., additional, Giroletti, M., additional, Glanzman, T., additional, Godfrey, G., additional, Grenier, I. A., additional, Grove, J. E., additional, Guiriec, S., additional, Gustafsson, M., additional, Hadasch, D., additional, Hayashida, M., additional, Hays, E., additional, Healey, S. E., additional, Horan, D., additional, Hou, X., additional, Hughes, R. E., additional, Iafrate, G., additional, Jóhannesson, G., additional, Johnson, A. S., additional, Johnson, W. N., additional, Kamae, T., additional, Katagiri, H., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Knödlseder, J., additional, Kuss, M., additional, Lande, J., additional, Larsson, S., additional, Latronico, L., additional, Longo, F., additional, Loparco, F., additional, Lott, B., additional, Lovellette, M. N., additional, Lubrano, P., additional, Madejski, G. M., additional, Mazziotta, M. N., additional, McConville, W., additional, McEnery, J. E., additional, Michelson, P. F., additional, Mitthumsiri, W., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Monte, C., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Moretti, E., additional, Morselli, A., additional, Moskalenko, I. V., additional, Murgia, S., additional, Nakamori, T., additional, Naumann-Godo, M., additional, Nolan, P. L., additional, Norris, J. P., additional, Nuss, E., additional, Ohno, M., additional, Ohsugi, T., additional, Okumura, A., additional, Omodei, N., additional, Orienti, M., additional, Orlando, E., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Ozaki, M., additional, Paneque, D., additional, Parent, D., additional, Pesce-Rollins, M., additional, Pierbattista, M., additional, Piranomonte, S., additional, Piron, F., additional, Pivato, G., additional, Porter, T. A., additional, Rainò, S., additional, Rando, R., additional, Razzano, M., additional, Razzaque, S., additional, Reimer, A., additional, Reimer, O., additional, Ritz, S., additional, Rochester, L. S., additional, Romani, R. W., additional, Roth, M., additional, Sanchez, D. A., additional, Sbarra, C., additional, Scargle, J. D., additional, Schalk, T. L., additional, Sgrò, C., additional, Shaw, M. S., additional, Siskind, E. J., additional, Spandre, G., additional, Spinelli, P., additional, Strong, A. W., additional, Suson, D. J., additional, Tajima, H., additional, Takahashi, H., additional, Takahashi, T., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thayer, J. G., additional, Thayer, J. B., additional, Thompson, D. J., additional, Tibaldo, L., additional, Tinivella, M., additional, Torres, D. F., additional, Tosti, G., additional, Troja, E., additional, Uchiyama, Y., additional, Vandenbroucke, J., additional, Vasileiou, V., additional, Vianello, G., additional, Vitale, V., additional, Waite, A. P., additional, Wallace, E., additional, Wang, P., additional, Winer, B. L., additional, Wood, D. L., additional, Wood, K. S., additional, and Zimmer, S., additional
Published: 2011
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