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This paper explores the role of the state in the development of accounting in the Portuguese-Brazilian Empire (1750-1822) in the context of economic and political transformations. In this period, the interrelations of accounting and the state were central to understanding accounting change in Portugal and Brazil. Through control of accounting education, organization of the accounting occupation, rules of corporate governance, and governmental accounting itself, governments adopted accounting technologies in an effort to shape and normalize decisions in order to achieve desirable objectives for the empire. This was particularly so during the reigns of D. José I and D. João VI: the former was responsible for initiatives to improve control over and connect the empire, including the spread of use of double-entry bookkeeping in the Portuguese metropolis; the latter was responsible for initiatives to achieve the same ends once the metropolis moved to Brazil. This paper uses primary and secondary sources to present and contrast those initiatives and the reasoning behind them., Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - PEst-OE/EGE/UI4021/2011

A novel open-ended waveguide cavity resonator for the microwave curing of bumps, underfills and encapsulants is described. The open oven has the potential to provide fast alignment of devices during flip-chip assembly, direct chip attach, surface mount assembly or wafer-scale level packaging. The prototype microwave oven was designed to operate at X-band for ease of testing, although a higher frequency version is planned. The device described in the paper takes the form of a waveguide cavity resonator. It is approximately square in cross-section and is filled with a low-loss dielectric with a relative permittivity of 6. It is excited by end-fed probes in order to couple power preferentially into the TM3,3,k mode with the object of forming nine 'hot-spots' in the open end. Low power tests using heat sensitive film demonstrate clearly that selective heating in multiple locations in the open end of the oven is achievable

The use of variable frequency microwave technology in curing of polymer materials used in microelectronics applications is discussed. A revolutionary open-ended microwave curing system is outlined and assessed using experimental and numerical approaches. Experimental and numerical results are presented, demonstrating the feasibility of the system

Fil: Sangster, Alan L. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales; Argentina. The area of interest is located on the western side of the “Sierra de Famatina” about 50 km north of the village of Vinchina (Figure 1). Four sites of interest were visited; the King Tut occurrence, an occurrence of breccia, and the Horacio barite occurrence in Quebrada el Salto; and an area reported to contain elevated Ni lithogeochemistry in Quebrada Alumbrera (Figures 2A,B, 3A,B). The objective of the visit was to characterize the occurrences and suggest programs of work to enhance exploration interest in the area if warranted. Previous work in the area is extensive. An excellent unpublished report by Cravero (1988) summarises the geology and briefly summarises the results of an examination of mineralized sites. Cravero’s report cites several reports by earlier workers. Topography in the area is extremely rugged with base elevations in the order of 3000 metres, steep mountainsides, and mountaintops between 4500 and 5500 metres.

Fil: Sangster, Alan L. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales; Argentina.

Fil: Sangster, Alan L. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales; Argentina. The Rio Oro occurrences are within SEGEMAR map sheet 4772-III – Lago Belgrano at a distance of about 30 kms from the village of lago Posadas. Access to the Rio Oro (Figure 1) area is easy by 2 wheel vehicle as far as the mouth of the Aroyo Aviles (Figure 2) on the north side of Rio Oro where a tent camp had been set up. All of the showings visited are located on the opposite (south side) of Rio Oro which was forded by 2 wheel drive vehicle. Water levels were abnormally low (perhaps 30 to 40 cm maximum) permitting crossing with a 2 wheel drive vehicle. All of the showings visited, with the exception of Rene and Pestizos, are located adjacent to active or former water courses where erosion has provided the exposures visited. I was asked to pass an opinion on whether the mineralization has any potential for the exploration for SEDEX deposits.

Fil: Sangster, Alan L. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales; Argentina. The project area of central Chubut Province consists mainly of andesitic and basaltic rocks of Jurassic age that have undergone only very minor penetrative and/or thermal metamorphism. The andesites are underlain by a late Precambrian basement that is intruded by 200 Ma. granites that are not well exposed. The andesites are locally overlain by the Cretaceous Chubut Group molasse deposits (oil producer), Miocene rhyolites, and locally by plateau basalts that are younger than Miocene. The Jurassic volcanic rocks form 90 percent of the bedrock in the area. Three types of deposits were selected for investigation by SEGEMAR; 1) Polymetallic Zn-Pb- Cu-Ag-+/- Au veins (Mina Angela area); 2) monomineralic barite and polymetallic Ba-Zn-Pb veins mainly occurring in widespread groups in the central part of the project area; and 3) quartz veins along the southern part of the project area near the highway from Paso de los Indios to Esquel (Figure 1).